scholarly journals AEDES AEGYPTI SURVIVORSHIP ON SALT TOLERANT CALIFORNIA LANDSCAPE PLANTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Bibbs
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Arid Environments ◽  
Salt Cedar ◽  
Riparian Plants

Aedes aegypti has expanded its range in the United States to include various arid and desert geographies, with notable introduction into various parts of California. Because resources are limited in arid environments, it is currently an important topic to understand how Ae. aegypti interacts with its surrounding environment for survival and proliferation. Three common plant species in peridomestic landscape, i.e., salt cedar (Tamarix aphylla), arrow weed (Pluchea sericea) and four wing saltbush (Atriplex canescens), were collected for survival bioassays to understand how Ae. aegypti is persisting in arid, chaparral landscapes in California, USA. These three plant-species along with a 10% sucrose solution (positive control) and reverse osmosis water solution (negative control-) were added to cages of Ae. aegypti to assess their survival at 24h, 48h, and 96h. It was found, in comparison with the negative control and four wing salt bush, that arrow weed and to a lesser extent salt cedar, promoted survival of Ae. aegypti in the first 24h. After the first day, only arrow weed significantly supported mosquito survival out to 96h as compared to the controls. Arrow weed and salt cedar are both riparian plants producing some nectaries which could be energy resources provided through stem sap or nectar to Ae. aegypti amidst peridomestic chaparral in California.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF BRUCEINE A ON THE LARVAE OF AEDES AEGYPTI LINNAEUS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
Dwi Sutiningsih ◽  
Mustofa Mustofa ◽  
Tri Baskoro Tunggul Satoto ◽  
Edhi Martono
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Histological Change ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Brucea Javanica ◽  
Gastrointestinal Damage

Objective: This study aimed to determine a target of action of bruceine A on the basis of its morphological and histological effects on the larvae of Aedes aegypti Linnaeus.Methods: Bruceine A was isolated from Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. seeds in accordance with the Mangungsong method. Larvae of A. Aegypti (L.) in instar III to the beginning of instar IV were treated with various concentrations of bruceine A. The negative control group did not receive any treatment, whereas the positive control group received 1 ppm temefos. Dead larvae were collected after 24 h of treatment for the examination of morphological and histological changes.Results: The negative control group did not exhibit any morphological and histological changes. Larvae treated with bruceine A, however, had visible damaged heads, cuticles, digestive and respiration tracts, respiratory siphons, and setae, and they were smaller than normal larvae. Larvae treated with temefos exhibited gastrointestinal damage, narrowed breathing tubes, cuticle damage, and detached/damaged seta feathers. The necrosis of gastrointestinal epithelial cells was the major histological change exhibited by larvae treated with various concentrations of bruceine A or 1 ppm temefos.Conclusion: The targets of action of bruceine A in A. aegypti (L.) larvae are the head/caput, cuticle, setae, siphon, and gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts.

108 NEGLIGIBLE LEVEL OF DNA DAMAGE IN BOVINE OOCYTES VITRIFIED USING MINIMUM VOLUME METHODS

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
K. Papis ◽  
E. Stachowiak ◽  
M. Kruszewski ◽  
T. Iwanenko ◽  
T. Bartlomiejczyk
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Dna Integrity ◽  
Minimum Volume ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

A relatively high number of bovine cryopreserved oocytes analyzed by the comet assay (Men et al. 2003 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 64, 245) showed compromised DNA integrity. The DNA fragmentation (comet tails) was found in 29% of slow cooled oocytes, in 20% of oocytes vitrified in straws and in 24% of oocytes vitrified in open pulled straws (OPS). Present study used the comet assay to compare the DNA status of 151 in vitro matured bovine oocytes vitrified in straws, in OPS or in droplets. It was assumed that the droplet method (Papis et al. 2000 Theriogenology 54, 651), which has gentle pre-equilibration prior to vitrification, would offer better protection of DNA. OPS vitrification was performed using a solution consisting of 20% DMSO, 20% ethylene glycol (EG), and 0.5 M sucrose. For in-straw and in-droplet vitrification, VS14 (5.5 M EG and 1.0 M sucrose) solution was used. In these two methods pre-equilibration in 3% EG solution for 15 min was applied. Fresh oocytes exposed to 0.5 mM of hydrogen peroxide for 5 min served as the positive control. Fresh M II oocytes served as the negative control. The comet assay was performed according to the procedure of Men et al. (2003) with some modifications aimed at enhancing the sensitivity of the method. The zona pellucida was removed using 0.5% pronase solution, followed by placing of the oocytes in droplets of low-melting agarose on slides. These were subjected to overnight treatment in lysis buffer, followed by 40 min of DNA unfolding and 30 min electrophoresis. Following air drying, the slides were stained with DAPI fluorochrome and photographed. The pictures were saved as anonymous consecutive files to enable objective assessment. Of 119 vitrified oocytes, 112 (94%) were evaluated. The remainder were lost or displayed atypical pictures. The comets could not be analyzed with the Comet v.3.0 software, possibly due to the large size of each oocyte. Six main classes of comet tails were distinguished ranging from no tail (class 0) to heavy and long tail (class 5). Positive control oocytes displayed class 4 (36%) or 5 (64%) tails. Negative control oocytes formed class 0 (18%) to class 3 (47%) comet tails. The oocytes vitrified using minimum volume methods fell within the same range, with 80% and 76% of oocytes vitrified in droplets and OPS, respectively, forming class 1 or 2 tails. One OPS vitrified oocyte (2.2%) expressed a class 5 tail. A small but significant proportion of oocytes vitrified in straws (15.4%, P d 0.05, ANOVA) formed class 4 tails typical of positive control oocytes. In conclusion, in spite of pre-equilibration, a significant proportion of oocytes vitrified in straws contained detectable levels of DNA fragmentation, due probably to the lower cooling rate. The minimum volume protocols (the droplet and OPS methods) caused virtually no damage as assessed by the DNA comet assay. Results presented here differ from those reported previously. Reasons for differences remain to be established.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS EKSTRAK RIMPANG TEMULAWAK (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) SEBAGAI LARVASIDA TERHADAP Aedes aegypti DI KECAMATAN KELAPA LIMA KOTA KUPANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-68
Author(s):  
Deswandi W. S. Berri ◽  
Julianty Almet ◽  
Diana Agustiani Wuri
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Vector Control ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Curcuma Xanthorrhiza ◽  
Mosquito Vector Control

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a disease that is found in some tropical and subtropical regions. This disease is caused by dengue virus and is transmitted to humans through the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. the solution taken in controlling DHF is to break the life cycle of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Vector control is generally carried out using synthetic larvicides, namely abate / temefos, but the use of abate can cause residues, environmental pollution, poisoning and resistance of the eradicated vectors so that natural larvasides from plants are needed namely temulawak rhizome (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) for vector control. The purpose of this study was to determine whether temulawak rhizome extract was effective or not in killing Aedes aegypti larvae. This research method includes larva collection, identification and maintenance of mosquitoes, determining sample size, making extracts and testing effectiveness. This study used a control and experiment group with 3 repetitions in the minutes to 15, 30, 45, 60 and 1440 (24 Hours). The control group was positive control using abate and negative control using aquades while the eksperiment group used extract of temulawak rhizome (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) with concentrations of 0.6%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.2% and 1.5%. The results of this study indicate that the temulawak rhizome extract (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) effective as larvicides because at the lowest concentration 0.6% can kill 100% Aedes aegypti larvae.

scholarly journals Potensi Ekstrak Buah Mangrove Xylocarpus granatum Untuk Pemberantasan Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Delianis Pringgenies ◽  
Rini Widiyadmi ◽  
Ervia Yudiati ◽  
Muhammad Syaifudien Bahry ◽  
Ali Djunaedi
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Xylocarpus Granatum

ABSTRAK   Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui potensi ekstrak buah mangrove Xylocarpus granatum sebagai anti larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Uji larva nyamuk dengan memasukkan masing-masing 10 ekor larva nyamuk yang dimasukkan ke dalam 7 botol cup tranparan kecil,  masing– masing untuk 50, 100, 250, 500, 1000 ppm sampel ektrak,  kontrol negative dan  kontrol positive. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pengaruh  tingkat mortalitas larva nyamuk terhadap ekstrak buah mangrove Xylocarpus granatum pada jam 1 memperlihatkan bahwa pada konsentrasi 1000 ppm, persentasi mortalitas nyamuk tertinggi adalah 81,34 %, dan pada konstrasi ekstrak buah mangrove Xylocarpus granatum 100 ppm terendah  mortalitasnya =  68,8%. Perlakuan pada jam 3 memperlihatkan bahwa pada konsentrasi ekstrak buah mangrove 500 ppm tingkat mortalitas larva nyamuk tertinggi (80%).  Pada konsentrasi ekstrasi buah mangrove 250 ppm, mortalitasnya 66,70% dan konsentrasi ekstral buah mangrove pada 100 ppm, mortalitasnya adalah 40%. Hasil peneltian pada jam ke 24 memperlihatkan bahwa pada konsentrasi ekstrak buah mangrove mencapai 1000 pmm, mortalitasnya 100%, pengamatan jam ke 48  mortalitasnya  100%. Sedang pada perlakuan control positif, keluulushidupan larva nyamuk adalah 0% dan pada control negative, kelulushidupan larva nyamuk adalah 100%. Kesimpulan:  bahwa ekstrak buah mangrove Xylocarpus granatum berpotensi sebagai anti larva nyamuk pada konsentrasi 1000 ppm.   ABSTRACT   It was assumed that mangrove fruits has some insecticidal biosubstances. Aim of the research is the potentials of mangrove Xylocarpus granatum fruit extract as the anti mosquito (Aedes aegypti) repellent. Experiment using of 10 mosquito larvae in 7 bottles each filled with 50; 100; 250; 500 and 1000 ppm fruit extract, negative  and positive control.  The experiment reveals that after 1 hour treatment, the 1000 ppm exctract had the hihgest mosquito larvae mortality of 81.34%, while the lowest extract of 100 ppm had 68.8% mortality.  After 3 hours of extract treatment the 500 ppm had the hihgest mortality of 80%, 250 ppm with 66.70% and 100 ppm with 40 % mortality.  Result of experiment after 24 as well as  48 hours treatment the 1000 ppm extract had 100% mortality.  In the positive control had 0% mortality and the negative control had 100% of survival. The summary is that the mangrove Xylocarpus granatum fruit extract had a potential as mosquito repellent at 1000 ppm fruit extract.

scholarly journals Test of Larvacide Activity from Some Sponge Extracts to Aedes aegypti Larvae

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Efra D. L. Wantah ◽  
R. E. P. Mangindaan ◽  
Fitje Losung
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Sponge Extract ◽  
Freeze Dryer ◽  
Made In

Marine organisms have been known produce certain compounds those could lead for medicine purposes. Sponges are one and the most studied for this aim. oneof the important biological activities which expected from sponge are larvacide activity. The aims this research was to test the larvacide activity aagainst Aedes aegypti larvae from some of sponge extract. Sponge samples were taken from Malalayang Waters, (N 01 ° 27'37 "E 124 ° 47'30") on November 2014 with the depth varies from 2-15 m  with SCUBA. The extraction, preparation of the larvae and activity testing was performed on Biomolecular and Marine Pharmacy Laboratory Faculty Fisheries and Marine Science. The sponge samples were cutted and soaked in 95% Ethanol for over night with 3 repetitions to obtain ethanolic extracts. The extract were filtered and evaporated using freeze dryer then tested onto 10 instars 3 instars m larvae that had been previously maintained. the test was made in triplowith 24 hours observation. abate was used as positive control while negative control clean water was used.The test results showed that of 11 Sponge tested, 10 species showed larvacidal activity and marine sponge extract Tedania sp. has the highest activity compared to 9 extracts. As a suggestion of this research the further purification of Tedania sp. extract is needed to know the structure of active compound.Keywords: Aedes aegypti, Larvacide, Sponge extractABSTRAKOrganisme laut yang dapat dikembangkan menjadi bahan sediaan obat antara lain sponge, dan merupakan salah satu organisme laut yang banyak diteliti. Beberapa aktivitas biologis penting yang diharapkan dari ekstrak sponge salah satunya adalah aktivitas larvasida. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji aktivitas larvasida nyamuk Aedes aegypti dari beberapa ekstrak Sponge. Sampel sponge diambil di perairan Malalayang, tepatnya di koordinat N 01°27’37” E 124°47’30” pada bulan November 2014 di kedalaman 2-15 m. Sedangkan untuk tahap ekstraksi, penyiapan larva uji dan pengujian aktivitas larvasida di lakukan di laboratorium Biomolekular dan Farmasitika Laut program studi Ilmu Kelautan, FPIK UNSRAT. Dalam penelitian yang dilakukan, sampel diambil di perairan menggunakan peralatan SCUBA. Setelah itu diekstrak dengan larutan etanol 95% dan direndam selama 24 jam dan dilakukan 3 kali pengulagan untuk mendapatkan ekstrak etanolik. Sampel dikeringkan dengan menggunakan alat freeze dryer kemudian diujikan ke 10 ekor larva nyamuk fase instar 3 yang telah dipelihara sebelumnya. Pengujian dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali pengulangan dengan lama pengamatan 24 jam pengamatan. Sebagai kontrol positif digunakan bubuk abate yang biasa dijual di pasaran sedangkan kontrol negative atau tanpa perlakuan digunakan air bersih. Data hasil pengamatan diolah menggunakan Microsoft excel.Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa Dari 11 Sponge yang diuji, 10 jenis menunjukan aktivitas larvasida dengan persentase mortalitas yang bervariasi dan ekstrak sponge laut Tedania sp. memiliki aktivitas tertinggi dibandingkan dengan 10 jenis ekstrak sponge lain dalam pengujian. Sebagai saran dalam penelitian ini yaitu Perlu dilakukan pemurnian lanjut ekstrak lebih lanjut dari ekstrak sponge Tedania sp. yaitu ke tahap partisi dan Perlu adanya variasi konsentrasi dalam pengujian.Kata Kunci : Aedes aegypti, Larvasida, ekstrak Spong

scholarly journals Botanical extracts: alternative control for silverleaf whitefly management in tomato Extratos botânicos: controle alternativo para o manejo de mosca-branca em tomateiro

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson LL Baldin ◽  
Thiago LM Fanela ◽  
Luiz ER Pannuti ◽  
Massuo J Kato ◽  
Renata Takeara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Toona Ciliata ◽  
Biotype B

Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B is one of the most limiting pests of tomato crops in the world. Tomato yield is currently dependent on the use of pesticides, which are problematic to farmers, consumers and the environment. A promising alternative to reduce the harmful effects caused by the indiscriminated use of synthetic insecticides is the use of insecticides of botanical origin. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 3% (w/v) aqueous extracts from different structures of thirteen botanical species on the behavior of B. tabaci biotype B adults, as well as insecticidal activity of such aqueous extracts on B. tabaci eggs, nymphs, and adults infesting tomato plants. A distilled water solution was used as a negative control, and thiamethoxam insecticide (18 g/100 L of water) as a positive control. Leaf extract of Toona ciliata was observed to have the most efficient inhibitory effect in tests of extracts on whitefly behavior. Furthermore, the use of leaf extract of Toona ciliata led to the most drastic reduction in the number of adults and eggs on tomato leaflets. Leaf extract of Piper aduncum led to the greatest observed ovicidal effect (78.00% of non-hatched nymphs); however it was not effective against nymphs and adults. The leaf extracts of Trichilia pallida, Trichilia casaretti, and Toona ciliata showed the highest control indexes (67.9, 60.3, and 55.1%, respectively). For adults mortality, T. pallida was the most effective (72.8%). Our results indicate that application of extracts of T. pallida, T. ciliata, and T. casaretti are promising strategies to manage B. tabaci biotype B on tomato.

scholarly journals The Effect of ginger essential oil (Zingiber Officinale) as repellent towards Aedes aegypti

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Ery Agus Mardiansyah ◽  
Sitti Rahmah Umniyati ◽  
Susi Iravati
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Protective Ability

The effect of ginger essential oil (Zingiber officinale) as an effective repellent  against the Aedes aegypti mosquitoPurposeThe purpose of this paper was to determine the ability of ginger essential oil (Zingiber officinale) as a repellent towards Aedes aegypti. MethodsThis research was a true experimental study. The tests performed in this study were negative control tests, with protective ability test of telon plus oil and ginger essential oil 4% in telon oil involving 25 Aedes aegypti adult female mosquitoes. ResultsThe study found that the average protective ability of ginger essential oil 4 % in telon oil was 100% at minute 5, 10, and 15, while telon oil plus (positive control) was 5%, 36%, and 33%. In the protective ability test of ginger essential oil 4% in telon oil has the better repellent ability or protective ability compared to telon plus, which can provide protective ability up to 60 minutes at 91.95% while telon plus oil provides protective ability around 59.51%. In the length of protection test ginger essential oil 4% in telon oil gave an average of protection from biting until 61.67 minutes, while telon oil gives 8.33 minutes and 11.67 minutes of telon plus oil. Based on Probit analysis ginger essential oil 4% in telon oil can repel 90% of experimental mosquitoes up to 89.87 minutes. ConclusionGinger essential oil 4% in telon oil has the better repellent ability and length of protection compared to telon plus oil. Ginger essential oil 4% in telon can be used as a repellent active ingredient.

scholarly journals Ethanolic Extract of Garcinia mangostana l. pericarp as Preservative in Antacid suspension

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richelle Ann M. Manalo ◽  
Erna C. Arollado ◽  
Irizh-Lyn R. Sampang ◽  
Janvin Jessel A. Cariscal ◽  
Gerwin Louis T. Dela Torre
Keyword(s):  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient ◽  
The United States ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Reducing Substances ◽  
Antimicrobial Effectiveness

Objective. The study was conducted to determine the preservative activity of ethanolic extract of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) pericarp and its compatibility in an antacid suspension. Methods. The extract was subjected to phytochemical screening and was used as preservative in a formulated antacid suspension. Compatibility with the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and excipients were analyzed using fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy. Preservative activity of the formulation against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was assessed using the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) antimicrobial effectiveness test, with methylparaben as positive control and suspension without preservative as negative control. Results. The extract exhibited pharmaceutical compatibility with API and excipients. The formulation revealed comparable reduction in microbial count of E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa with positive control at Day 14 (p=0.916, 0.624, 0.335). At Day 28, comparable activity with positive control was only observed against E. coli and S. aureus (p=0.999, 0.854). However, it displayed significant increase in activity against P. aeruginosa (p=0.010) at Day 28. These activities may be attributed to glycosides and reducing substances present in the extract. Conclusion. The ethanolic extract from Garcinia mangostana L. pericarp acted as a preservative in the formulation of an antacid suspension. It conformed to the USP criteria for antimicrobial effectiveness test on bacteria.

scholarly journals Effectivity of Bacterial Suspension Bacillus thuringiensis Var Israelensis in Killing Aedes aegypti L. Mosquito Larvae

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-710
Author(s):  
Tri Wahyuni Sukesi ◽  
Sulistyawati ◽  
Eva Hendrawati ◽  
Surahma Asti Mulasari
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Dengue hemorrhagic fever is a disease transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Prevention of transmission of this disease one of which is the chemical control with temefos, but the use of sustainable temefos can cause insect resistance and environmental damage. Therefore we need an effective and safe alternative to larvicide, the suspension of Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis. Methods: This study used a type of true experimental research design with posttest only control group design. Samples used in this study are the third instar larvae of Aedes aegypti. Concentrations used in this study were a 0.01%; Of 0.02%; Of 0.03%; 0:04% and 0.05% by the number of 25 larvae per treatment and 3 times replication. Results: Based on the Kruskal Walls obtained a value of 0.009> 0.05 means there is a stock mortality of larvae using a suspension of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, temefos and distilled. Test Mann Whitney showed that among the positive control (temefos a 0.01%) and negative control (distilled water) there are differences in the number of larvae mortality significantly, the positive control treatment with no significant difference, and between negative control and treatments armpits there are differences in the number of deaths larvae significant. The LC50 value obtained was 0.010% and the LT50 value obtained was 2,683 hours. Conclusions: The suspension of bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis is effective in killing the larvae of Aedes aegypti with LC50 values of 0.0105 and LT50 values on the clock to 2.683. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(4) 2019 p.706-710

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF HERBAL MOSQUITO COILS “MORIZENA” AGAINST Aedes Aegypti DEATH

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rina Priastini Susilowati ◽  
Win Darmanto ◽  
Nanik Siti Aminah
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Passiflora Foetida ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Lc50 And Lc90

It has been successfully found new herbal mosquito coils called “Morizena” made from Passiflora foetida leaf extract (40%), Chrysantemum cinerariaefolium flowers seed extract (40%), essential oils of  leaves-stems of Cymbopogon nardus (20%). The herbal mosquito coils are more effective to kill Aedes aegypti compared to commercial synthetic mosquito coils made from Transfluthrin. Treatment of exposure to herbal mosquito coils “Morizena” on Aedes aegypti for 8 hours/day with concentration 500 ppm (P1), 1000 ppm (P2), 2000 ppm (P3), 3000 ppm (P4), 4000 ppm (P5) and treatment of exposure to synthetic mosquito coils Transfluthrin 2500 ppm (K1) as a positive control, and without treatment of exposure to mosquito coils (K0) as a negative control. Experimental animals used were adult Ae. aegypti mosquito with 25 mosquitoes in each treatment. Experimental design used is one-way Anova test with linear regression to calculate its LC50 and LC90. The results of test to herbal mosquito coils “Morizena” given for 8 hours/day obtained mortality of Ae. aegypti by 92% to a concentration of 3000 ppm (P4) and 100% to a concentration of 4000 ppm (P5) and 100% for test to synthetic mosquito coils transfluthrin 2500 ppm (K1). Ae. aegypti LC50 and LC90 value for treatment of exposure to herbal mosquito coils “Morizena” are 999 ppm and 2977 ppm. Treatment of herbal mosquito coils “Morizena” with graded doses up to 4000 ppm and synthetic mosquito coils Transfluthrin 2500 ppm causing an increase in the enzyme acetylcholinesterase activity of Ae. aegypti. The conclusion is based on the Ae. aegypti  LC90 value is 2977 ppm, which means the effective dose of herbal mosquito coils “Morizena” to kill Ae. aegypti is 2977 ppm.

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