scholarly journals Productivity of medium-fiber cotton genotypes selected according to test characteristics in combination with classical breeding methods

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
A. T. Sadikov
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cotton Industry ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Test Characteristics ◽  
Cotton Genotypes ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Technological Quality ◽  
Selection Of

The most important factor in the intensification and rise of the production of the cotton industry in Tajikistan is the selection of new varieties characterized by high yield and its quality. The increase in the production of the cotton industry can be achieved not by expansion of acreage, since this possibility is very limited in a mountainous country, but by breeding new varieties of cotton and spreading them into production. The use of photosynthetic test characteristics in breeding contributes to the process of creating new varieties that meet the demand of agricultural production and the textile industry, i.e. varieties with a complex of economically useful features — precocity, high productivity, resistance to diseases and pests, optimal adaptive properties, characterized by high fiber yield and its technological quality. By methods of hybridization and selection by offspring on the basis of photosynthetic test characteristics from domestic and foreign variety samples, 28 introgressive genotypes were created that are characterized by complex of economically useful traits. It was found that out of the 28 genotypes of medium-fiber cotton studied by us, according to the main indicators of productivity — the number of full-fledged boxes per plant, the mass of raw cotton of one box and the yield — 6 genotypes were notable. The number of boxes per plant in the most productive was 12–15 pieces, the mass of raw cotton of one box is up to 6.6 g, and the yield of raw cotton is from 71.5 to 93.0 g/plant, which is significantly higher than in the standard Hisor variety.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and biochemical value of Brassica L. cabbage plants

2018 ◽  
pp. 50-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Аrtemieva ◽  
A. Е. Solovieva
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
State Register ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Ornamental Crops

Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) is one of the most important metasperms. Kale Brassica includes economically important vegetable, forage, oil-bearing, ornamental crops and it is widespread in the world. This is explained by variety of food organs, high yield, environmental plasticity, different ways of food use and valuable biochemical composition. One of the most important ways to improve the efficiency of vegetables is seen as increasing the number of cultivated vegetables and their varietal diversity. The authors speak about necessity to breed new varieties and hybrids of cabbage crops, not represented in the state register, as well as missing types of varieties in order to expand the range of vegetables. The paper points out that cultivation in the Asian part of Russia requires the varieties and hybrids of all cabbage crops that combine high productivity and complex resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors, eco-friendly, high-quality, with a different period of vegetation, including for horticultural use. The authors focus on increasing the nutritional value of vegetables and higher number of biologically active matters for making functional products. It is important and necessary to search within each cabbage for forms that combine productivity, resistance to biotic and abiotic factors when being grown in different environmental and geographical areas with a valuable biochemical composition. This allows to use efficiently cultivated and recommended for cultivation in the Asian part of Russia types and forms of Brassica L. vegetables. It is necessary for dietetic nutrition and raw materials in medical industry. All varieties of cabbage plants are supposed to be significant and reliable basis for improving population health and life expectancy taking into account existing environmental problems in the regions of Asian Russia.

scholarly journals Mejoramiento de la resistencia a la sequía del frijol común en México.

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Acosta ◽  
Efraín Acosta-Gallegos ◽  
Saúl Padilla ◽  
María Antonieta Goytia ◽  
Rigoberto Rosales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Yield ◽  
Block Designs ◽  
Biological Cycle ◽  
Crop Phenology ◽  
Temporary Water ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Growth Habits ◽  
Similar Growth ◽  
Adaptation To Drought ◽  
Selection Of

Since its inception in 1980, the breeding project for adaptation to drought has been based on crop phenology (escape or matching between biological cycle and water availability), and seed yield in multilocational trials under water stress conditions. For yield evaluation, bean genotypes were grouped on the basis of similar growth habits and phenology. Selection of segregating families according to adaptation to drought was postponed up until the F4 generation or subsequent ones, using incomplete block designs. Selection in early generations was based on moderate to high heretability traits such as biological cycle, grain phenology (color, size, shine), and reaction to diseases. Eight improved Durango bean varieties that are tolerant to temporary water deficits (Pinto Villa, Pinto Mestizo, Pinto Bayacora, Negro Altiplano, Negro Sahuatoba, Negro Durango, Bayo Victoria, and Azufrado Namiquipa) have been given to bean producers from Mexico’s semi-arid highlands. In 1998 seeds of two new varieties (Pinto Zapata and Flor de Mayo 2000) will be increased and registered. Their main traits are: type III indeterminate growth habits, short biological cycle, fast transition from vegetative to reproductive phase, and high yield rates.

scholarly journals Primary source and selection of corn (maize)

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 04022
Author(s):  
Rikhsivoy Tellyaev ◽  
Kobuljan Azizov ◽  
Ilhom Mamatkulov
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Ripening Period ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Yield Determination ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
Adverse Environmental Conditions ◽  
Selection Of

In desert conditions, corn is one of the most promising crops due to its resistance to salinity, drought, heat, adverse environmental conditions, high productivity and versatility. Conducting field experiments, sowing, phonological observations, biometric measurements, plant care, yield determination new varieties of agricultural crops were performed. Samples were also evaluated on the length of the paniculo. In particular, it was 44.7 cm in the control K–521, followed by 40.8 cm in K-431, 49.9 cm in K-581 and 55.4 cm in K-538, whereas in the technical variants, it was 55.4 cm in K-538, 50 cm at K-368, and even it was 65 cm in K-494. Of the 57 samples studied, only 8, № 9, 15, 17, 26, 27, 31, 42, 46 samples were found suitable for future selection work. Valuable aspects of these samples were that flowering period was 75-108 days, milk-ripening period was 87-108 days, and full ripening period was 118-130 days. These indicators were 76 days of germination, 79 days of flowering, 91 days of milk ripening and 127 days of full ripening in the “Orange-160” maize. It was found that the repining period of “Orange” maize was 9 days earlier than the control varieties, 9, 15 and 17.

scholarly journals Penentuan Indeks Seleksi untuk Galur Dihaploid Padi Sawah Tadah Hujan Berdaya Hasil Tinggi

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Miftahur Rizqi Akbar ◽  
Bambang Sapta Purwoko ◽  
Iswari Saraswati Dewi ◽  
Willy Bayuardi Suwarno ◽  
Dan Sugiyanta
Keyword(s):  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
High Yield ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Index Model ◽  
Rainfed Rice ◽  
Selection Of

Rainfed rice breeding for high yield is an alternative to increase national rice production. The breeding can beaccelerated using anther culture technique. The selection of high productivity lines may be more effective if it also involvesthe traits contributing to or affecting the yield traits. This study aimed at determining suitable characters as selection criteriaand obtain a selection index model for high yielding doubled haploid rainfed rice lines. The experiment was conductedin a greenhouse of ICABOGRAD, Bogor and Sawah Baru Experimental Station, Bogor Agricultural University using arandomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Thirty doubled haploid lines derived from anther cultureand two check varieties namely Ciherang and Inpari 18 were used. The results showed that plant height (TT), number of filledgrain per panicle (GI), and productivity (PRD) could be used as suitable selection characters. The determination of selectionindex obtained a selection model which was Selection index = 0.48 PRD + 0.31 JGI - 0.31 TT. This model can be used toselect high yielding doubled haploid rainfed rice lines.

scholarly journals Increase of oil content as an urgent task for hemp breeding

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
V. H. Vyrovets ◽  
I. M. Layko ◽  
H. I. Kyrychenko ◽  
I. V. Vereshchahin ◽  
S. V. Mishchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oil Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Hemp Seed ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Systematic Selection ◽  
Industrial Hemp ◽  
Drug Free ◽  
Selection Of

Aim. An unusually long stay in the shade outside the breeding was such an important economic feature as the content of oil in the hemp seed. Preliminary data attempts to start a study in this direction, under various circumstances, were postponed for some time until the healing properties of the oil were discovered, hidden in the hemp seed. Methods. The third attempt of such researches is based on new high-fibered and high-yield varieties stable on the sign of monoeciousness non-narcotic hemp, the method of research of which is based on traditional breeding developments. Also, on examples of local varieties of ranges of folk selection, samples of world selection of dioecious and monoecious hemp and breeding new varieties, it was established that this feature is subject to systematic selection against the background of improving other varietal features. Results. On the example of restoring breeding to preserve the content of oil, a new population with a high oil content was created, which became the result of changes in the genotype of the Hliana variety by selection. Glutinous oil is characterized by a good ratio of unsaturated linoleic and linolenic acids as 3:1, which opens the prospects for the creation of new medicines. Conclusions. The conducted researches give rise to the hope that, over time, hemp will be added to many traits, and the new varieties will be different by high oil content also. Keywords: monoecious drug-free industrial hemp, breeding, oil content, fatty acid composition.

scholarly journals Risk Analysis and Management Strategies of Sugarcane Producer in Selecting Varieties: Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 06008
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zainuddin ◽  
Illia Seldon Magfiroh ◽  
Intan Kartika Setyawati ◽  
Rena Yunita Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
Production Risk ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Selection Of

The composition of sugar cane varieties which planted are not balanced especially in the nursery sector that caused the efficiency of the sugar industry on national scale low. This condition happens because there are risks faced by farmers in determining the varieties of sugarcane that will be planted. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk of production and strategies to overcome the risks due to the selection of sugar cane varieties. Samples used in the study were 30 people (12 sugarcane farmers, 6 managers, and assistant plant managers, and 12 people from APTR / KPTR. Data were analyzed using the method of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA). Research Results indicate that the risks classified as very high categories that can be caused by the selection of certain sugar cane varieties are production risk, sugar quality risk and sugar price-output risk Risk management that can be applied to reduce the risk due to variety selection is to use superior varieties, the development of new varieties which has high productivity, increase cultivation technology by farmers, and unloads ratoon after 2 times harvesting.

scholarly journals The state and main directions of onion crop breeding of FSBSI FSVC

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
L. V. Krivenkov ◽  
A. F. Agafonov ◽  
V. V. Logunova ◽  
T. M. Seredin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
The State ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Early Maturation ◽  
Keeping Quality ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents information about the research directions, the results of work and achievements in the selection of onion crops in the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Vegetable Center". Brief historical information is given about the work of the outstanding scientists who headed the laboratory – V.V. Ordynsky, A.D. Plinka, I. I. Yershov, A.F. Agafonov. At present, new varieties and hybrids of onion crops of domestic selection that meet all the requirements are required for industrial production.The FSBSI FSVC is working on studying the breeding material of onion crops and identifying promising ones with a complex of economically valuable characteristics for creating fundamentally new, competitive varieties and hybrids for various zones of the Russian Federation. Selection of individual types of bows is carried out: onions – for early maturation, consistently high yield, high dry matter content (17-22%), keeping quality, resistance to peronosporosis, cervical and bacterial rot, with a different rate of reaction to the length of the day, for winter and spring crops, in sowing culture – with a cold method of storing sowing, good keeping quality; perennial onions – winter hardiness, high productivity of green mass, high content of biologically active substances and high resistance to diseases; winter garlic – winter hardiness, yield, resistance to fusarium and bacteriosis, keeping quality during storage; spring garlic – high yield of large cloves, high shelf life; shallots –ultra-fast ripeness, high productivity, keeping quality during storage. The results of the long-term work of the FSVC were 140 varieties of 16 types of onion crops of various uses. Modern varieties of onion for industrial cultivation were created and submitted to the State Variety Testing in 2020: F1 Drakon, AFBAK.

scholarly journals The New Competitive Soybean Varieties Created at Agricultural Research and

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugen MUREȘANU ◽  
Raluca MÄ‚RGINEAN
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Agricultural Research And Development ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
White Colour ◽  
Selection Of

The superiority of the next-generation of soybean varieties regarding the majority of the main characteristics among the old soybean varieties created at A.R.D.S. Turda, Romanian soybean varieties from the Official Catalogue of varieties of Agricultural and Vegetables species in Romania and even from the foreign soybean varieties registered in the Catalogue it is obvious. The new soybean varieties Darina TD, Cristina TD and Malina TD are the most recent creations of Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda in the field of soybean breeding. The new cultivars were obtained through individually repeted selection of hybrid population accomplished by crossing the cultivars T93- 8966 x Amurskaja, Zefir x Lena and Amurskaja x Simson. The new varieties are characterized by a growing season adequate to the ecological conditions of the area. Their growing season rank is appropriate with the needs of the area, with a maturity group OO, Darina TD, Cristina TD and Malina TD growing season is 122 days, 124 days and 123 days, respectively. Darina TD has a reddish pubescence easily distinguieshed from the eather soybean varieties whose pubescence is grey. At Cristina TD soybean variety the hilum colour is an important characteristic by which, at maturity, the Cristina TD variety may be distinguished from the rest of A.R.D.S. Turda soybean varieties whose hilum are brown, black and grey. Due to the white colour of flowers, during flowering Malina TD is easily distinguished from the others soybean varietie. A high yield potential as compared to the maturity group to which they belong, very high resistance to lodging, shattering, bacterial blight and mildew. This characteristics and features corroborated with high insertion of the basal pods, ensures suitable conditions for mechanized harvesting. Besides this features, the new soybean varieties have remarkable qualitative traits, high protein and oil content. The characteristics and features of the soybean cultivars Darina TD, Cristina TD and Malina TD created at A..R..D.S. Turda recommend them as the most adequate cultivars for the Transylvania Plain.

scholarly journals Promising varieties of fiber and oil flax plants for agricultural technologies of Trans-Urals

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00096
Author(s):  
Igor Porsev ◽  
Andrey Sozinov ◽  
Georgy Karpov ◽  
Ksenia Salomatina
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
High Yield ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Fiber Flax ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Processing Enterprise

Cultivation of fiber flax and oil flax in Kurgan region is of current interest due to the presence of flax seed and straw processing enterprise – SUE Len Zauralya, Kurgan. To increase the production of highquality flaxseed oil and flax products, the level of flax production should be increased via theoretically substantiated cultivation technologies. Propagating a new variety, plant breeders consider the needs of two categories of consumers – flax producers and flax processors. Some of them need fiber flax varieties of high yield (seed and fiber) and high fiber quality resistant to diseases and lodging, adapted to conditions of Trans-Urals and Siberia. Other consumers need fiber flax varieties that meet numerous requirements of textile, construction, automotive, aviation, medical, and other sectors of the economy, and are suitable for processing by state-of-the-art flax processing equipment. The approach to develop a variety has currently become targeted and customized. Varieties grown in the study area and used as a standard showed high fiber yields: Tomsky 17 – 0.68 t/ha, Tomsky 18 – 0.69 t/ha. The results of the three-year study showed high yields of new varieties: Tost 3 – 0.98 t/ha, Tost 4 – 0.86 t/ha, Tost 5 – 0.82 t/ha. The fiber yield of these varieties was also high: Tost 3 – 0.71 t/ha, Tost 4 – 0.68 t/ha, Tost 5 – 0.66 t/ha.

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