scholarly journals Frequency Distribution of Bacteria Isolated from Different Industrial Effluents

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Amna Ali ◽  
Fozia Naseem
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Diagnostic Characteristics ◽  
Metal Treatment ◽  
International University ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Industrial system involves physical and chemical treatment as well as biological processes. Therefore, waste treatment systems such as the industrial effluents depend on the activities of communities of living organism. In this study, an attempt was made on the identification of the bacterial population involved in different industrial effluents. A total of thirty bacterial strains were isolated from glass, textile and pharmaceutical effluent samples on L.B. agar plates. A few, however, were re-cultured on other recommended media for verification of diagnostic characteristics. Maximum numbers of bacterial species were isolated from textile effluent. The results showed that a gramnegative bacillus with a yellow pigment was considered as a major group of the population. These are also being used in different waste water and metal treatment plants all over the world. Keywords: Bacterial identification; industrial effluents; gram negative. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/diujst.v7i1.9644   Daffodil International University Journal of Science and Technology Vol.7(1) 2012 28-33

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization, and Identification of Bacterial Population from Textile and Tannery Effluents of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
A Hakim ◽  
S Hoque ◽  
SM Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Tannery Effluents ◽  
Bacterial Composition ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Diagnostic Characteristics ◽  
Metal Treatment

Ten effluent samples from two different sites located at Hazaribagh tannery belt and Dhaka EPZ, Savar were collected. This study aimed to compare the bacterial composition isolated from tannery and textile effluents and to investigate the occurrence of metal toxicity tolerant and dye degrading bacteria and to select the potential strains for the use in bioremediation. The average bacterial count of HT and DETDE varied in between 3.35×106 and 5.45×106 cfu/mL and 4.8×106 and 7.75×106cfu/mL, respectively. A total of 12 bacterial isolates were characterized as strains of Bacillus, Staphylococcus, and Pseudomonas. A few, however, were re-cultured on other recommended media for verification of diagnostic characteristics. Maximum numbers of bacterial species were isolated from textile effluent. The results showed that a Gram-positive bacillus with a yellow pigment was considered as a major group of the population. Among them three isolates were identified based on alignments of partial sequence of 16S rRNA gene. These are also being used in different wastewater and metal treatment plants all over the world.Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 29, Number 2, Dec 2012, pp 84-88

scholarly journals The Conservation of Low Complexity Regions in Bacterial Proteins Depends on the Pathogenicity of the Strain and Subcellular Location of the Protein

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Pablo Mier ◽  
Miguel A. Andrade-Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Subcellular Location ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Extracellular Proteins ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacterial Proteins ◽  
Protein Subcellular Location

Low complexity regions (LCRs) in proteins are characterized by amino acid frequencies that differ from the average. These regions evolve faster and tend to be less conserved between homologs than globular domains. They are not common in bacteria, as compared to their prevalence in eukaryotes. Studying their conservation could help provide hypotheses about their function. To obtain the appropriate evolutionary focus for this rapidly evolving feature, here we study the conservation of LCRs in bacterial strains and compare their high variability to the closeness of the strains. For this, we selected 20 taxonomically diverse bacterial species and obtained the completely sequenced proteomes of two strains per species. We calculated all orthologous pairs for each of the 20 strain pairs. Per orthologous pair, we computed the conservation of two types of LCRs: compositionally biased regions (CBRs) and homorepeats (polyX). Our results show that, in bacteria, Q-rich CBRs are the most conserved, while A-rich CBRs and polyA are the most variable. LCRs have generally higher conservation when comparing pathogenic strains. However, this result depends on protein subcellular location: LCRs accumulate in extracellular and outer membrane proteins, with conservation increased in the extracellular proteins of pathogens, and decreased for polyX in the outer membrane proteins of pathogens. We conclude that these dependencies support the functional importance of LCRs in host–pathogen interactions.

scholarly journals Isolation and efficacy of two bacterial strains antagonists of Erwinia amylovora and Pectobacterium carotovorum

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M’hamed BENADA ◽  
Boualem BOUMAAZA ◽  
Sofiane BOUDALIA ◽  
Omar KHALADI
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Abstract Background The development of ecofriendly tools against plant diseases is an important issue in crop protection. Screening and selection process of bacterial strains antagonists of 2 pathogenic bacterial species that limit very important crops, Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of the fire blight disease, and Pectobacterium carotovorum, the causal agent of bacterial potato soft rot, were reported. Bacterial colonies were isolated from different ecological niches, where both pathogens were found: rhizosphere of potato tubers and fruits and leaves of pear trees from the northwest region of Algeria. Direct and indirect confrontation tests against strains of E. amylovora and P. carotovorum were performed. Results Results showed a significant antagonistic activity against both phytopathogenic species, using direct confrontation method and supernatants of cultures (p<0.005). In vitro assays showed growth inhibitions of both phytopathogenic species. Furthermore, results revealed that the strains of S. plymuthica had a better inhibitory effect than the strains of P. fluorescens against both pathogens. In vivo results on immature pear fruits showed a significant decrease in the progression of the fire blight symptoms, with a variation in the infection index from one antagonistic strain to another between 31.3 and 50%, and slice of potato showed total inhibition of the pathogen (P. carotovorum) by the antagonistic strains of Serratia plymuthica (p<0.005). Conclusion This study highlighted that the effective bacteria did not show any infection signs towards plant tissue, and considered as a potential strategy to limit the fire blight and soft rot diseases.

In vitro evaluation of the effect of nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine on oral microorganisms

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 501-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Cogo ◽  
Michelle Franz Montan ◽  
Cristiane de Cássia Bergamaschi ◽  
Eduardo D. Andrade ◽  
Pedro Luiz Rosalen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Planktonic Cells ◽  
Susceptibility Tests

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine on the viability of some oral bacterial species. It also evaluated the ability of these bacteria to metabolize those substances. Single-species biofilms of Streptococcus gordonii , Porphyromonas gingivalis , or Fusobacterium nucleatum and dual-species biofilms of S. gordonii – F. nucleatum and F. nucleatum – P. gingivalis were grown on hydroxyapatite discs. Seven species were studied as planktonic cells, including Streptococcus oralis , Streptococcus mitis , Propionibacterium acnes , Actinomyces naeslundii , and the species mentioned above. The viability of planktonic cells and biofilms was analyzed by susceptibility tests and time-kill assays, respectively, against different concentrations of nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine. High-performance liquid chromatography was performed to quantify nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine concentrations in the culture media after the assays. Susceptibility tests and viability assays showed that nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine cannot reduce or stimulate bacterial growth. High-performance liquid chromatography results showed that nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine concentrations were not altered after bacteria exposure. These findings indicate that nicotine, cotinine, and caffeine, in the concentrations used, cannot affect significantly the growth of these oral bacterial strains. Moreover, these species do not seem to metabolize these substances.

Archaeal biofilms: widespread and complex

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Fröls
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Extracellular Polymeric Substances ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Surface Adhesion ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Archaeal Species ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Mixed Communities

Biofilms or multicellular structures become accepted as the dominant microbial lifestyle in Nature, but in the past they were only studied extensively in bacteria. Investigations on archaeal monospecies cultures have shown that many archaeal species are able to adhere on biotic and abiotic surfaces and form complex biofilm structures. Biofilm-forming archaea were identified in a broad range of extreme and moderate environments. Natural biofilms observed are mostly mixed communities composed of archaeal and bacterial species of various abundances. The physiological functions of the archaea identified in such mixed communities suggest a significant impact on the biochemical cycles maintaining the flow and recycling of the nutrients on earth. Therefore it is of high interest to investigate the characteristics and mechanisms underlying the archaeal biofilm formation. In the present review, I summarize and discuss the present investigations of biofilm-forming archaeal species, i.e. their diverse biofilm architectures in monospecies or mixed communities, the identified EPSs (extracellular polymeric substances), archaeal structures mediating surface adhesion or cell–cell connections, and the response to physical and chemical stressors implying that archaeal biofilm formation is an adaptive reaction to changing environmental conditions. A first insight into the molecular differentiation of cells within archaeal biofilms is given.

scholarly journals Polymeric Nanoparticles Active against Dual-Species Bacterial Biofilms

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4958
Author(s):  
Jessa Marie V. Makabenta ◽  
Jungmi Park ◽  
Cheng-Hsuan Li ◽  
Aritra Nath Chattopadhyay ◽  
Ahmed Nabawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Polymeric Nanoparticles ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Biofilm infections are a global public health threat, necessitating new treatment strategies. Biofilm formation also contributes to the development and spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains. Biofilm-associated chronic infections typically involve colonization by more than one bacterial species. The co-existence of multiple species of bacteria in biofilms exacerbates therapeutic challenges and can render traditional antibiotics ineffective. Polymeric nanoparticles offer alternative antimicrobial approaches to antibiotics, owing to their tunable physico-chemical properties. Here, we report the efficacy of poly(oxanorborneneimide) (PONI)-based antimicrobial polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs) against multi-species bacterial biofilms. PNPs showed good dual-species biofilm penetration profiles as confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity was observed, with reduction in both bacterial viability and overall biofilm mass. Further, PNPs displayed minimal fibroblast toxicity and high antimicrobial activity in an in vitro co-culture model comprising fibroblast cells and dual-species biofilms of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study highlights a potential clinical application of the presented polymeric platform.

scholarly journals Physical and Chemical Technologies of Metal Mining and Water Resources

2021 ◽  
pp. 175-186
Author(s):  
Vladimir I. Golik ◽  
Maria Yu. Liskova ◽  
Yadviga G. Nebylova ◽  
Chainesh B. Kongar-Syuryun
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Water Migration ◽  
Metal Mining ◽  
Underground Leaching ◽  
Mining Enterprise ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Mining Regions

The article is devoted to minimizing the negative impact of mining on the water resources of the mining regions. An assessment is made of leaching technologies with the involvement of non-conventional reserves for traditional methods of mining, reducing costs and lowering the level of environmental impact, including water resources. A reference is given on the use of leaching technologies for the development of natural and technogenic deposits in Russia. The mechanism of contamination of water resources with reagents and products of ore mining and processing is described. The typification of the processes of water migration of substances and components of underground leaching solutions is proposed. The zones of interaction between mineral deposits and water resources are differentiated. Fundamental differences of technology are formulated by the criterion of impact on water resources. An example of preventing the mixing of clean water and industrial effluents by creating a barrier in practice of a mining enterprise is given. It is concluded that the use of technologies with leaching of metals from ores at the place of their localization is promising

scholarly journals ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC RHIZOME EXTRACT OF ALPINIA CALCARATA ROSC. (ZINGIBERACEAE)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-66
Author(s):  
Arumugasamy K ◽  
Nantha Kumar R ◽  
Abdul Kaffoor H ◽  
Shalimol A
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition

The methanolic rhizome extract of A. calcarata was evaluated for its antibacterial activities against five bacterial strains Pseudomonas aeuroginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella paratyphi, Bacillus thurungiensis and Staphylococcus faccealis. The extract has inhibited all the tested bacterial species with different manner at various concentration. However the higher level zone of inhibition in 400 (mg/ml) is significant against all the above said bacterial strains of these Salmonella paratyphi. Based on the present study it can be conculuded that the plant rhizome possess potent anti bacterial activity.

scholarly journals Improvement Salt Tolerance of Safflower Plants by Endophytic Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 38-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khulod A. Hemida ◽  
Amany M.M. Reyad
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Symbiotic Association ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Plant Salt Tolerance

Salinity is one of the most dangerous environmental limiting factors of the plant productivity. A wide range of adaptation strategies is required to overcome salinity stress. However, such strategies seem to be long drawn and cost-intensive. It has been confirmed in recent years that plant growth promoting endophytes (PGPEs) that have the ability to further build a symbiotic association with their host to improve host plant salt tolerance. In our investigation try to improve plant salt tolerance using different species of endophytic bacteria. From the total eight endophytic bacterial species were isolated from root, stem, and leaf of Carthamustinctorius (safflower) plant, two isolates were capable of using 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) as a sole nitrogen source, and they are of positive results for (ACC) deaminase activity and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production. The bacterial isolates were identified using 16S ribosomal DNA technique as Bacillus cereus and Bacillus aerius and had accession numbers MG708176 and MG711593 respectively, by submitting their sequences in GenBank database. This study showed that the bacterial strains B. cereus and B. aerius are valuable biological plant growth promoters that could enhance salt tolerance in Safflower plants under 100, 200, and 300mMNaCl levels resulting in an increase in plant growth and ascorbate-glutathione redox cycle, in comparison with the non-inoculated controls. Our findings reported that the co-inoculation of the two selected endophytic bacteria strains were successfully isolated from Safflower seedlings significantly alleviated the harmful effects of salt stress, promoted plant growth and biomass yield.

scholarly journals A tunable multicellular timer in bacterial consortia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Toscano-Ochoa ◽  
Jordi Garcia-Ojalvo
Keyword(s):  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Intracellular Space ◽  
Bacterial Consortia ◽  
Robust Implementation ◽  
Time Encoding ◽  
Stationary Conditions ◽  
Molecular Components

Processing time-dependent information requires cells to quantify the durations of past regulatory events and program the time span of future signals. Such timer mechanisms are difficult to implement at the level of single cells, however, due to saturation in molecular components and stochasticity in the limited intracellular space. Multicellular implementations, on the other hand, outsource some of the components of information-processing circuits to the extracellular space, and thereby might escape those constraints. Here we develop a theoretical framework, based on a trilinear coordinate representation, to study the collective behavior of a three-strain bacterial population under stationary conditions. This framework reveals that distributing different processes (in our case the production, detection and degradation of a time-encoding signal) across distinct bacterial strains enables the robust implementation of a multicellular timer. Our analysis also shows the circuit to be easily tunable by varying the relative frequencies of the bacterial strains composing the consortium.

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