scholarly journals УЧАСТИЕ ДЕТЕЙ В ПРАЗДНИЧНОЙ КУЛЬТУРЕ МОРДОВСКИХ ПЕРЕСЕЛЕНЦЕВ СИБИРИ ВО ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ XX – НАЧАЛЕ XXI вв.

2021 ◽  
pp. 294-303
Author(s):  
Л.Н. Щанкина
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Festive Culture ◽  
Xix Century

Статья посвящена участию детей в праздничной культуре мордовских переселенцев на территории Сибири. Мордва переселялась сюда с территорий мордовского, чувашского, самарского и пензенского краев со второй половины XIX в. по 1970-е гг. Материалом для статьи служат полевые исследования автора и научная литература по изучаемой проблематике. Дается характеристика наиболее важных религиозных праздников мордовских переселенцев. Отмечается, что одной из особенностей праздничной культуры мордовского крестьянства являлось участие в религиозно-праздничных действиях детей и молодежи. При проведении большинства обрядов взрослых дети нередко привлекались в качестве зрителей. Их помощь использовалась и при подготовке к проведению обрядов, например, при сборе продуктов питания; дров, ненужных вещей для рождественских и масленичных костров. Кроме того, дети привлекались для информирования местного населения о предстоящих церемониях (например, посиделках, различных помочах и т. д.). В ряде случаев, в частности при обходе домов поселения на Пасху, Рождество и Новый год, дети и подростки наделялись самостоятельной обрядовой ролью. Их присутствие считалось в народе магически благоприятным средством для достижения определенных целей. Делается вывод о стремлении мордовских переселенцев к сохранению религиозно-праздничной культуры и на иноэтничной территории. Установлено, что на территории Сибири мордовским населением отмечались такие же праздники, как и в исконных территориях выхода переселенцев. The article aims to study how children participated in the festive culture of Mordovian immigrants in Siberia. Mordva had been moving here from Mordovia, Chuvashia, Samara, and Penza from the second half of the XIX century to the 1970s. The article is based on the author's field studies and scientific literature. It describes the most important religious holidays of the Mordovian immigrants. It was typical of the festive culture of the Mordovian peasantry that children and youth participated in religious and festive acts. In most adult rites, children were often involved as spectators. They also assisted in the preparation of rites, for example, collecting food, firewood, unnecessary objects for Christmas and Maslenitsa fires. Apart from that, children informed the local population about upcoming ceremonies. Sometimes, children and adolescents were endowed with an independent ritual role, particularly when knocking on doors on Easter, Christmas, and New Year. Their presence was considered a magical means to achieve certain goals. The author concludes that the Mordovian population aimed to preserve their religious and festive culture in the new territory. In Siberia, the immigrants celebrated the same holidays as in their original territories.

scholarly journals Comparing self-perceived global self-esteem and physical self-esteem among children and adolescents in Southeastern Sweden, investigated in 2000 and 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Raustorp ◽  
Andreas Fröberg
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Grade 5 ◽  
Grade 8

AbstractObjectivesTo compare self-perceived global self-esteem (GSE) and physical self-esteem (PSE) among children and adolescents aged 11 and 14 years in Southeastern Sweden, investigated in 2000 and 2017.MethodsThe present study consists of two independent cross-sectional study-cohorts from Southeastern Sweden, investigated in 2000 and 2017. The same protocol, procedures, and instruments were used in 2000 and 2017. In October 2000, data for self-perceived GSE and PSE, and anthropometry were collected from 11-years old children (Grade 5) (n=74) and 14-years old adolescents (Grade 8) (n=84). In October 2017, children (n=186) and adolescents (n=140) from the same grade-levels, schools and classrooms provided data for the same variables as in 2000. GSE and PSE were assessed with the Children and Youth Physical Self-Perception Profile (CY-PSPP).ResultsSelf-perceived GSE was higher in 2017 as compared to 2000 among both 11-years old boys (p<0.001) and girls (p<0.001) and 14-years old boys (p=0.008) and girls (p<0.001). Similarly, self-perceived PSE was higher in 2017 as compared to 2000 among both 11-years old boys (p<0.001) and girls (p=0.023) and 14-years old boys (p=0.025) and girls (p=0.002).ConclusionsSelf-perceived GSE and PSE among children and adolescents aged 11 and 14 years in Southeastern Sweden were higher in 2017 as compared to 2000. These results are not in agreement with the increased psychological ill-health as being reported among children and adolescents during the last decade in Sweden.

Physical factors in medical rehabilitation of children with spinal osteochondropathies

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Irena Vladimirovna Pogonchenkova ◽  
Maya Alekseevna Khan ◽  
Alina Vyacheslavovna Chervinskaya ◽  
Evgeniy Maksimovich Talkovskiy ◽  
Dmitriy Yurievich Vybornov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Pain Syndromes ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
Electrical Muscle

The article is devoted to a targeted search of scientific literature sources aimed at compiling a review of data on the use of physiotherapy methods in the medical rehabilitation of children with spinal osteochondropathy. One of the most urgent and socially significant issues of modern medicine is the widespread prevalence of orthopedic pathology, among which the leading positions are taken by diseases of the spine. Recently, in the population of children and adolescents, there has been a steady increase in pain syndromes of a vertebrogenic nature, leading to impaired physical functioning. According to various population studies, the prevalence of this nosological form ranges from 0.42 to 37% among the child population. The prevalence of Scheuermann — Mau disease in the general population of children and adolescents ranges from 0.4–8.3%. This pathology is the most common among all children osteochondropathies. To date, the etiology of spinal osteochondropathy is still unclear. Due to the asymptomatic course, the disease is not always diagnosed in the early stages of development, which creates certain difficulties in diagnosing and prescribing an effective treatment for the disease. Medical rehabilitation of children with osteochondropathy of the spine is aimed at preventing further progression of deformity, improving posture, respiratory function and cardiovascular system and includes: a rational exercise regime and nutrition, bracing and cold water treatment procedures, conservative orthopedic measures (wearing a corset, staying in a plaster bed), active correction of deformity (kinesiotherapy), hydrokinetic therapy, massage, passive correction of deformity (treatment by position), physiotherapy (electrical muscle stimulation), sports (skiing, swimming).

Trajectories of Sport Participation Among Children and Adolescents Across Different Socio-Economic Categories: Multilevel Findings From the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-268
Author(s):  
Tom Perks
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
National Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Over Time

Building upon prior theoretical and empirical work, this study explores the sport participation trajectories of children across different socio-economic status (SES) categories to assess the possibility of changes in the SES-sport participation relationship as children age. Using representative panel data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, a multilevel analysis of 4,858 children aged 6 to 9 suggests that as children age the SES effect on sport participation persists over time. However, the SES effect on sport participation appears to have relatively small predictive import compared to other factors.

scholarly journals Geographical vocabulary of the Shilan dialect of the Erzya-Mordovian language

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-367
Author(s):  
Nikolai V. Belenov
Keyword(s):  
Original Composition ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
The One ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
First Time ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Made In

Introduction. The article presents the results of research of the geographical vocabulary of the Shilan dialect, one of the Erzya-Mordovian dialects of the Samara region, common among Erzya population of Shilan village in Krasnoyarsk region. The dialect belongs to rare Mordovian dialects of the Samara Volga region that were formed in the region since the middle of the XIX century, and therefore its research is of extra interest. Materials and Methods. The research methods are determined by the purpose and objectives of the study. The analysis of the geographical vocabulary of the Shilan dialect is carried out with the involvement of relevant items made in other Mordovian dialects of Samara region, adjacent territories of neighboring regions, as well as other territories of settlement of the Mordovians. Data on geographical vocabulary of the dialect introduced into research for the first time. The main source materials for the article is based on field studies in Silane village during the field seasons in 2017 and 2020, as well as in other Erzya-Mordovian and Moksha-Mordovian villages of Samara region and adjacent territories in 2015 – 2020. Results and Discussion. The study showed that the geographical vocabulary of the Shilan dialect of the Erzya-Mordovian language is significantly different from the corresponding lexical clusters in other dialects of the Mordovian region, which can be explained by natural geographical conditions surrounding Shilan village and the original composition of this lexical cluster of Erzya immigrants who founded this village. Conclusion. The analysis of the geographical vocabulary of the Shilan dialect allowed, on the one hand, to identify specific features of this cluster that distinguish it from the corresponding materials of other Mordovian dialects of the region, and, on the other hand, to identify common isoglosses between it and a number of the Erzya-Mordovian dialects of the Samara Volga region.

scholarly journals Estimation of percentage of body fat in field studies – a method based on relative elbow breadth (Frame Index) and BMI

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekka Mumm ◽  
Anna Reimann ◽  
Christiane Scheffler
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Robusticity

Background Over the last 20 years, a decreasing trend in external skeletal robusticity and an increasing trend in overweight and obesity was observed worldwide in adults and children as modern lifestyles in nutritional and activity behavior have changed. However, body mass index (BMI) as a measure for overweight is not an ideal predictor of % body fat (%BF) either in children and adolescents or in adults. On the contrary, it disguises a phenomenon called “hidden obesity”. Objectives We aim to approximate %BF by combining skeletal robusticity and BMI and develop an estimation-based tool to identify normal weight obese children and adolescents. Sample and Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data on height, weight, elbow breadth, and skinfold thickness (triceps and subscapular) of German children aged 6 to 18 years (N=15,034). We used modified Hattori charts and multiple linear regression to develop a tool, the “%BF estimator”, to estimate %BF by using BMI and skeletal robusticity measured as Frame Index. Results Independent of sex and age an increase in BMI is associated with an increase in %BF, an increase in Frame Index is associated with a decrease in %BF. The developed tool “%BF estimator” allows the estimation of %BF per sex and age group after calculation of BMI and Frame Index. Conclusion The “%BF estimator” is an easily applicable tool for the estimation of %BF in respect of body composition for clinical practice, screening, and public health research. It is non-invasive and has high accuracy. Further, it allows the identification of normal weight obese children and adolescents.

scholarly journals The first Russian nomenclature of diseases and diagnostics of causes of death in the XIX century: a particular case

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
Irina Troitskaia ◽  
Alexander Avdeev
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Medical Society ◽  
Information Base ◽  
Moscow Province ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this article is to analyze changes in the diagnosis of causes of death of the local population and to study the relationship of these changes with the development of medicine and unification of the definition of causes of death in Russia. The information base of the study is the registers of the two parishes in the Moscow County in the period from 1815 to 1918. The obtained results show a significant improvement in the diagnosing of causes of death in the second half of the XIX century, connected with the expansion of the network of medical institutions in the Moscow Province and the activity of the medical society in the development of the Russian nomenclature of diseases.

scholarly journals Profiles of Active Transportation among Children and Adolescents in the Global Matrix 3.0 Initiative: A 49-Country Comparison

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia A. González ◽  
Salomé Aubert ◽  
Joel D. Barnes ◽  
Richard Larouche ◽  
Mark S. Tremblay
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Human Development Index ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Active Transportation ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Development Index ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Definition Of

This article aims to compare the prevalence of active transportation among children and adolescents from 49 countries at different levels of development. The data was extracted from the Report Cards on Physical Activity for Children and Youth from the 49 countries that participated in the Global Matrix 3.0 initiative. Descriptive statistics and a latent profile analysis with active transportation, Human Development Index and Gini index as latent variables were conducted. The global average grade was a “C”, indicating that countries are succeeding with about half of children and youth (47–53%). There is wide variability in the prevalence and in the definition of active transportation globally. Three different profiles of countries were identified based on active transportation grades, Human Development Index (HDI) and income inequalities. The first profile grouped very high HDI countries with low prevalence of active transport and low inequalities. The second profile grouped low and middle HDI countries with high prevalence of active transportation and higher inequalities. And the third profile was characterized by the relatively high prevalence of active transportation and more variability in the socioeconomic variables. Promising policies from countries under each profile were identified. A unified definition of active transportation and contextualized methods for its assessment are needed to advance in surveillance and practice.

scholarly journals The association between depression and later educational attainment in children and adolescents: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e031595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Wickersham ◽  
Sophie Epstein ◽  
Holly Victoria Rose Sugg ◽  
Robert Stewart ◽  
Tamsin Ford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Date Estimate

IntroductionDepression represents a major public health concern for children and adolescents, and is thought to negatively impact subsequent educational attainment. However, the extent to which depression and educational attainment are directly associated, and whether other factors play a role, is uncertain. Therefore, we aim to systematically review the literature to provide an up-to-date estimate on the strength of this association, and to summarise potential mediators and moderators on the pathway between the two.Methods and analysisTo identify relevant studies, we will systematically search Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Education Resources Information Centre and British Education Index, manually search reference lists and contact experts in the field. Studies will be included if they investigate and report on the association between major depression diagnosis or depressive symptoms in children and adolescents aged 4–18 years (exposure) and later educational attainment (outcome). Two independent reviewers will screen titles, abstracts and full texts according to eligibility criteria, perform data extraction and assess study quality according to a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. If sufficiently homogeneous studies are identified, summary effect estimates will be pooled in meta-analysis, with further tests for study heterogeneity, publication bias and the effects of moderators using meta-regression.Ethics and disseminationBecause this review will make use of already published data, ethical approval will not be sought. The review will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal, presented at practitioner-facing conferences, and a lay summary will be written for non-scientific audiences such as parents, young people and teachers. The work will inform upcoming investigations on the association between child and adolescent mental health and educational attainment.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019123068

Sexual Abuse and Assault in a Large National Sample of Children and Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ateret Gewirtz-Meydan ◽  
David Finkelhor
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Children And Youth ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Police Reports ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Victimization Questionnaire ◽  
Children’S Exposure

The present study sought to examine features of sexual abuse cases among a U.S. nationally representative sample of 13,052 children and adolescents, ages 0–17 years. The National Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence was collected in three different years (2008, 2011, and 2014) via telephone interviews. Information about sexual abuse and assault was obtained from youth themselves (ages 10–17) or caregivers (for children ages 0–9) using the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire. Results indicate most offenses are at the hands of other juveniles (76.7% for males and 70.1% for females), primarily acquaintances, and occurring more frequently for adolescents aged 14–17. Whereas girls are mostly abused by males (88.4%), boys are abused by both males (45.6%) and females (54.4%). In 15% of cases, penetration is part of the abuse. Victims report being very afraid in 37.5% of episodes but not at all afraid in 19.8%. Among 10- to 17-year-olds, 66.3% of episodes are not reported to parents or any adult. Police reports occur for 19.1% of all cases. The results in the present study indicate that children and youth are exposed to sexual abuse and assault in varied ways, which require moving beyond conventional stereotypes of the problem.

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