scholarly journals Deep Eutectic Solvents as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Delivery Systems in the Treatment of Metabolic Related Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cixin Huang ◽  
Xiunian Chen ◽  
Chao Wei ◽  
Hongwei Wang ◽  
Hua Gao
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Drug Solubility ◽  
Low Toxicity

Metabolic related diseases such as cancer, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis are major challenges for human health and safety worldwide due to their associations with high morbidity and mortality. It is of great significance to develop the effective active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) delivery systems for treatment of metabolic diseases. With their unique merits like easy preparation, high adjustability, low toxicity, low cost, satisfactory stability and biodegradation, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are unarguably green and sustainable API delivery systems that have been developed to improve drug solubility and treat metabolic related diseases including cancer, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Many reports about DESs as API delivery systems in the therapy of cancer, diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis exist but no systematic overview of these results is available, which motivated the current work.

scholarly journals The Utility of Exosomes in Diagnosis and Therapy of Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Complications

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoxiang Sun ◽  
Qing Tao ◽  
Xueqin Wu ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Physiological Status ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Cell Type Specificity ◽  
Oral Hypoglycemics

Diabetes mellitus and the associated complications are metabolic diseases with high morbidity that result in poor quality of health and life. The lack of diagnostic methods for early detection results in patients losing the best treatment opportunity. Oral hypoglycemics and exogenous insulin replenishment are currently the most common therapeutic strategies, which only yield temporary glycemic control rather than curing the disease and its complications. Exosomes are nanoparticles containing bioactive molecules reflecting individual physiological status, regulating metabolism, and repairing damaged tissues. They function as biomarkers of diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications. Considering that exosomes are bioactive molecules, can be obtained from body fluid, and have cell-type specificity, in this review, we highlight the multifold effects of exosomes in the pathology and therapy of diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications.

scholarly journals Effects of Berberine on the Gastrointestinal Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichao Zhang ◽  
Xiaoying Wu ◽  
Ruibing Yang ◽  
Fang Chen ◽  
Yao Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Endocrine Diseases ◽  
Extensive Search ◽  
Clinical Benefits ◽  
Low Toxicity

The gastrointestinal microbiota is a multi-faceted system that is unraveling novel contributors to the development and progression of several diseases. Berberine has been used to treat obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and metabolic diseases in China. There are also clinical trials regarding berberine use in cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and endocrine diseases. Berberine elicits clinical benefits at standard doses and has low toxicity. The mechanism underlying the role of berberine in lipid‐lowering and insulin resistance is incompletely understood, but one of the possible mechanisms is related to its effect on the gastrointestinal microbiota. An extensive search in electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Sciences, Science Direct) was used to identify the role of the gastrointestinal microbiota in the berberine treatment. The aim of this review was to summarize the pharmacologic effects of berberine on animals and humans by regulation of the gastrointestinal microbiota.

scholarly journals Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus type-2 and their association with intake of dairy and legume in Andean communities of Ecuador

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254812
Author(s):  
Manuel E. Baldeón ◽  
Camilo Felix ◽  
Marco Fornasini ◽  
Federico Zertuche ◽  
Carolina Largo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Protein Rich

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are metabolic alterations associated with high morbidity and mortality, particularly in low and middle-income countries. Diet has a significant impact on the risk to develop MetS and T2D; in this regard, consumption of fruits, vegetables, and protein rich foods (from plant and animals) are important to prevent and manage these pathologies. There are limited studies regarding the potential association between Andean foods rich in proteins and the presence of cardio-metabolic conditions in Ecuador. It is necessary to develop new low-cost, local-culturally acceptable strategies to reduce the burden of cardio-metabolic diseases. We describe the prevalence (baseline data) of MetS and T2D in the Ecuadorian cohort of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study and their potential association with the consumption of protein rich foods, including beef, white meat, dairy and legumes. In this cross-sectional study, we assessed 1,997 individuals aged 35–70 years (mean age 51 years, 72% women), included in the Ecuadorian cohort of the PURE study, from February to December 2018. The prevalence of MetS was 42% for male and 44% for female participants; the prevalence of T2D was 9% for male and 10% for female. Metabolic syndrome and T2D were more common in women older than 50 years of age with primary education or less, low economic income, and with obesity; MetS was more frequent in the rural area while T2D was more frequent in the urban area. Using logistic regression analysis, we observed a significant protective effect of higher consumption of dairy and legumes in the prevalence of MetS and T2D compared with low consumption. It will be important to develop policies for ample production and consumption of protein rich foods such as legumes and dairy, part of traditional diets, to reduce the burden of cardio-metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Identification of Flavonoids (Quercetin, Gallic acid and Rutin) from Catharanthus roseus Plant Parts using Deep Eutectic Solvent

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Nisar ◽  
Awang Soh Mamat ◽  
Md Irfan Hatim ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad Aslam ◽  
Muhammad Syarhabil Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Flower Petal ◽  
Plant Parts

Green technology is the most important topic in the pharmaceutical field because it reduces the cost of medicines and minimizes the environmental impact of the field and is better for human health and safety. Green chemistry emphasizes that the solvent should be nontoxic, safe, cheap, green, readily available, recyclable, and biodegradable. Deep eutectic solvents, a new type of green solvent, have some renowned properties—for instance, high thermal stability, low vapor pressure, low cost, biodegradability, and high viscosity. In this study, deep eutectic solvents made up of choline chloride-glycerol (1:2) were used for the extraction and isolation of flavonoid (rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin) from Catharanthus roseus plant parts, flower petal, leaves, stem, and root. The amounts of rutin and quercetin in flower petal are 29.46 and 6.51%, respectively, whereas, rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin amounts in leaves are 25.16, 8.57, and 10.47%, respectively. In stem the amounts of rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin are 13.02, 5.89, and 7.47%, respectively. In root, only quercetin has been obtained that is 13.49%. The HPLC is an analytical method, which was found to be an excellent technique for determination of rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin using deep eutectic solvent extraction from plant parts of Catharanthus roseus.

scholarly journals Identification of Flavonoids (Quercetin, Gallic acid and Rutin) from Catharanthus roseus Plant Parts using Deep Eutectic Solvent

2017 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asma Nisar ◽  
Awang Soh Mamat ◽  
Md Irfan Hatim ◽  
Muhammad Shahzad Aslam ◽  
Muhammad Syarhabil Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Catharanthus Roseus ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Flower Petal ◽  
Plant Parts

Green technology is the most important topic in the pharmaceutical field because it reduces the cost of medicines and minimizes the environmental impact of the field and is better for human health and safety. Green chemistry emphasizes that the solvent should be nontoxic, safe, cheap, green, readily available, recyclable, and biodegradable. Deep eutectic solvents, a new type of green solvent, have some renowned properties—for instance, high thermal stability, low vapor pressure, low cost, biodegradability, and high viscosity. In this study, deep eutectic solvents made up of choline chloride-glycerol (1:2) were used for the extraction and isolation of flavonoid (rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin) from Catharanthus roseus plant parts, flower petal, leaves, stem, and root. The amounts of rutin and quercetin in flower petal are 29.46 and 6.51%, respectively, whereas, rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin amounts in leaves are 25.16, 8.57, and 10.47%, respectively. In stem the amounts of rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin are 13.02, 5.89, and 7.47%, respectively. In root, only quercetin has been obtained that is 13.49%. The HPLC is an analytical method, which was found to be an excellent technique for determination of rutin, gallic acid, and quercetin using deep eutectic solvent extraction from plant parts of Catharanthus roseus.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents for Extraction

Separations ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amos K. Dwamena
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Polar Compounds ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
The Past ◽  
Aqueous Environments ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Inorganic Molecules ◽  
First Time ◽  
Toxic Organic Solvents

In the over 1,800 articles published since their inception in 2001, most deep eutectic solvents (DES) synthesized have been hydrophilic. The low cost, low toxicity, and bioavailability of DES make the solvent ‘green’ and sustainable for diverse applications. Conversely, the hydrophilicity of DES limits their practical application to only polar compounds, which is a major drawback of the solvent. For the past three years, hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDES) have emerged as an alternative extractive media capable of extracting non-polar organic and inorganic molecules from aqueous environments. Due to the infancy of HDES, for the first time, this mini-review summarizes the recent developmental advances in HDES synthesis, applications, challenges, and future perspectives of the solvent. In the future, it is believed HDES will replace the majority of toxic organic solvents used for analytical purposes.

Renal Failure after Coronary Bypass Surgery and the Associated Risk Factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 006
Author(s):  
Hasan Reyhanoglu ◽  
Kaan Ozcan ◽  
Murat Erturk ◽  
Fatih İslamoglu ◽  
İsa Durmaz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Factors Associated

<strong>Objective:</strong> We aimed to evaluate the risk factors associated with acute renal failure in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> One hundred and six patients who developed renal failure after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) constituted the study group (RF group), while 110 patients who did not develop renal failure served as a control group <br />(C group). In addition, the RF group was divided into two subgroups: patients that were treated with conservative methods without the need for hemodialysis (NH group) and patients that required hemodialysis (HR group). Risk factors associated with renal failure were investigated.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> Among the 106 patients that developed renal failure (RF), 80 patients were treated with conservative methods without any need for hemodialysis (NH group); while <br />26 patients required hemodialysis in the postoperative period (HR group). The multivariate analysis showed that diabetes mellitus and the postoperative use of positive inotropes and adrenaline were significant risk factors associated with development of renal failure. In addition, carotid stenosis and postoperative use of adrenaline were found to be significant risk factors associated with hemodialysis-dependent renal failure (P &lt; .05). The mortality in the RF group was determined as 13.2%, while the mortality rate in patients who did not require hemodialysis and those who required hemodialysis was 6.2% and 34%, respectively.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Renal failure requiring hemodialysis after CABG often results in high morbidity and mortality. Factors affecting microcirculation and atherosclerosis, like diabetes mellitus, carotid artery stenosis, and postoperative vasopressor use remain the major risk factors for the development of renal failure.<br /><br />

GAMBARAN PENYAKIT PERIODONTAL PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELITUS DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM PUSAT PROF. DR. R. D KANDOU MANADO

e-GIGI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezra G. R. Tambunan ◽  
Karel Pandelaki ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Oral Health Problem ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Diabetes Melitus

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases with characteristic hyperglycemia that occurs due to insulin secretion, insulin action or both. This disease affects many societies and continuously growing in Indonesia. Periodontal disease is an oral health problem which has a relatively high prevalence in the community where periodontal disease in all age groups in Indonesia.The purpose of this study was to determine the periodontal disease in patients with diabetesmellitus in RSUP Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. This descriptive study has 68 sample taken with total sampling technique. The sample is examined using evaluation criteria gingival index and CPITN index. The result show that subjects with periodontitis with a score of 4 is the highest as many as 18 people (44%) and subject with a score of 2 is that at least as many as 8 people (19.5%). And subjects with bad gingivitis is the highest as many as 10 people (52.6%) and subject with the good gingivitis is the at least as many as 5 people (26.3%). Based on the result of this study, periodontal disease in patients with diabetes mellitus in RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou most that periodontitis with the number of 41 people (68.3%) compared to gingivitis which is just as many as 19 people (31.7%)Keywords: diabetes mellitus, periodontitis, gingivitis, periodontalAbstrak:Diabetes Melitus (DM) merupakan suatu kelompok penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia yang terjadi karena sekresi insulin, kerja insulin atau kedua-duanya. Penyakit ini merupakan penyakit yang banyak diderita kalangan masyarakat dan terus berkembang di Indonesia. Penyakit periodontal merupakan masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang memiliki prevalensi cukup tinggi di masyarakat dimana penyakit periodontal pada semua kelompok umur di Indonesia.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penyakit periodontal pada penderita diabetes mellitus di RSUP Prof. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan jumlah sampel 60 orang yang diambil dengan teknik total sampling. Sampel diperiksa dengan menggunakan kriteria penilaian indeks gingiva dan indeks CPITN. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa yang mengalami periodontitis dengan skor 4 adalah yang paling tinggi yaitu sebanyak 18 orang (44%), dan subjek yang mengalami skor 2 adalah yang yang paling sedikit yaitu sebanyak 8 orang (19.5%). Sedangkan yang mengalami gingivitis yang paling tinggi yaitu gingivitis buruk sebanyak 10 orang (52.6%) dan yang paling sedikit adalah yang mengalami gingivitis ringan yaitu sebanyak 5 orang (26.3%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyakit periodontal yang paling banyak ditemui pada penderita diabetes melitus di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado adalah penyakit periodontitis yaitu sebanyak 41 orang (68.3%) dan yang paling sedikit adalah gingivitis yaitu sebanyak 19 orang (31.7%)Kata kunci: diabetes melitus, periodontitis, gingivitis, periodontal

Diet and Nutritional Interventions with the Special Role of Myo-Inositol in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Management. An Evidence-Based Critical Appraisal

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 2467-2473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Reyes-Muñoz ◽  
Federica Di Guardo ◽  
Michal Ciebiera ◽  
Ilker Kahramanoglu ◽  
Thozhukat Sathyapalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Dose Frequency ◽  
Nutritional Interventions

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM), defined as glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy, represents one of the most common maternal-fetal complications during pregnancy and it is associated with poor perinatal outcomes. To date, GDM is a rising condition over the last decades coinciding with the ongoing epidemic of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Objective: The aim of this review is to discuss the role of diet and nutritional interventions in preventing GDM with the explanation of the special role of myo-inositol (MI) in this matter. Methods: We performed an overview of the most recent literature data on the subject with particular attention to the effectiveness of diet and nutritional interventions in the prevention of GDM with the special role of MI. Results: Nutritional intervention and physical activity before and during pregnancy are mandatory in women affected by GDM. Moreover, the availability of insulin-sensitizers such as different forms of inositol has dramatically changed the scenario, allowing the treatment of several metabolic diseases, such as those related to glucose dysbalance. Although the optimal dose, frequency, and form of MI administration need to be further investigated, diet supplementation with MI appears to be an attractive alternative for the GDM prevention as well as for the reduction of GDM-related complications. Conclusion: More studies should be conducted to prove the most effective nutritional intervention in GDM. Regarding the potential effectiveness of MI, further evidence in multicenter, randomized controlled trials is needed to draw firm conclusions.

Mutations of mtDNA in some vascular and metabolic diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita A. Sazonova ◽  
Anastasia I. Ryzhkova ◽  
Vasily V. Sinyov ◽  
Marina D. Sazonova ◽  
Tatiana V. Kirichenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Mtdna Mutations

Background: The present review article considers some chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis, the causes of which may be mitochondrial dysfunction. Very often, in the long course of the disease, complications may occur, leading to myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke and as a result, death.In particular, a large percentage of human deaths nowadays belongs to cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease (CHD), arterial hypertension, cardiomyopathies and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Objective: The aim of the present review was the analysis of literature sources, devoted to an investigation of a link of mitochondrial DNA mutations with chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis, Results: The analysis of literature indicates the association of the mitochondrial genome mutations with coronary heart disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and various types of cardiomyopathies. Conclusion: The detected mutations can be used to analyze the predisposition to chronic diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis. They can also be used to create molecular-cell models necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of drugs developed for treatment of these pathologies. MtDNA mutations associated withthe absence of diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis could be potential candidates for gene therapy of diseases of vascular and metabolic genesis.

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