Reprogramming of Tomato Leaf Metabolome by the Activity of Heat Stress Transcription Factor HsfB1

Plants respond to high temperatures with global changes of the transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome. Heat stress transcription factors (Hsfs) are the core regulators of transcriptome responses as they control the reprogramming of expression of hundreds of genes. The thermotolerance-related function of Hsfs is mainly based on the regulation of many heat shock proteins (HSPs). Instead, the Hsf-dependent reprogramming of metabolic pathways and their contribution to thermotolerance are not well described. In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), manipulation of HsfB1, either by suppression or overexpression (OE) leads to enhanced thermotolerance and coincides with distinct profile of metabolic routes based on a metabolome profiling of wild-type (WT) and HsfB1 transgenic plants. Leaves of HsfB1 knock-down plants show an accumulation of metabolites with a positive effect on thermotolerance such as the sugars sucrose and glucose and the polyamine putrescine. OE of HsfB1 leads to the accumulation of products of the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways, including several caffeoyl quinic acid isomers. The latter is due to the enhanced transcription of genes coding key enzymes in both pathways, in some cases in both non-stressed and stressed plants. Our results show that beyond the control of the expression of Hsfs and HSPs, HsfB1 has a wider activity range by regulating important metabolic pathways providing an important link between stress response and physiological tomato development.

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Quantitative Profiling of Arabidopsis Polar Glycerolipids under Two Types of Heat Stress

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9060693 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 693 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Feng Qin ◽

Liang Lin ◽

Yanxia Jia ◽

Weiqi Li ◽

Buzhu Yu

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Membrane Lipids ◽

Heat Acclimation ◽

Cellular Level ◽

Minor Effect ◽

Wild Type ◽

A Minor ◽

Shock Proteins ◽

Polar Glycerolipids

At the cellular level, the remodelling of membrane lipids and production of heat shock proteins are the two main strategies whereby plants survive heat stress. Although many studies related to glycerolipids and HSPs under heat stress have been reported separately, detailed alterations of glycerolipids and the role of HSPs in the alterations of glycerolipids still need to be revealed. In this study, we profiled the glycerolipids of wild-type Arabidopsis and its HSP101-deficient mutant hot-1 under two types of heat stress. Our results demonstrated that the alterations of glycerolipids were very similar in wild-type Arabidopsis and hot-1 during heat stress. Although heat acclimation led to a slight decrease of glycerolipids, the decrease of glycerolipids in plants without heat acclimation is more severe under heat shock. The contents of 36:x monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG) were slightly increased, whereas that of 34:6 MGDG and 34:4 phosphatidylglycerol (PG) were severely decreased during moderate heat stress. Our findings suggested that heat acclimation could reduce the degradation of glycerolipids under heat shock. Synthesis of glycerolipids through the prokaryotic pathway was severely suppressed, whereas that through the eukaryotic pathway was slightly enhanced during moderate heat stress. In addition, HSP101 has a minor effect on the alterations of glycerolipids under heat stress.

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A new adenylyl cyclase, putative disease-resistance RPP13-like protein 3, participates in abscisic acid-mediated resistance to heat stress in maize

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/eraa431 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hao Yang ◽

Yulong Zhao ◽

Ning Chen ◽

Yanpei Liu ◽

Shaoyu Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Disease Resistance ◽

Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate ◽

Adenosine Monophosphate ◽

Wild Type ◽

In Vivo Experiments ◽

In The Wild ◽

Shock Proteins

Abstract In plants, 3´,5´-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is an important second messenger with varied functions; however, only a few adenylyl cyclases (ACs) that synthesize cAMP have been identified. Moreover, the biological roles of ACs/cAMP in response to stress remain largely unclear. In this study, we used quantitative proteomics techniques to identify a maize heat-induced putative disease-resistance RPP13-like protein 3 (ZmRPP13-LK3), which has three conserved catalytic AC centres. The AC activity of ZmRPP13-LK3 was confirmed by in vitro enzyme activity analysis, in vivo RNAi experiments, and functional complementation in the E. coli cyaA mutant. ZmRPP13-LK3 is located in the mitochondria. The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments indicated that ZmRPP13-LK3 interacts with ZmABC2, a possible cAMP exporter. Under heat stress, the concentrations of ZmRPP13-LK3 and cAMP in the ABA-deficient mutant vp5 were significantly less than those in the wild-type, and treatment with ABA and an ABA inhibitor affected ZmRPP13-LK3 expression in the wild-type. Application of 8-Br-cAMP, a cAMP analogue, increased heat-induced expression of heat-shock proteins in wild-type plants and alleviated heat-activated oxidative stress. Taken together, our results indicate that ZmRPP13-LK3, a new AC, can catalyse ATP for the production of cAMP and may be involved in ABA-regulated heat resistance.

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Differential proteome–metabolome profiling of YCA1-knock-out and wild type cells reveals novel metabolic pathways and cellular processes dependent on the yeast metacaspase

Molecular BioSystems ◽

10.1039/c4mb00660g ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1573-1583 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maša Ždralević ◽

Valentina Longo ◽

Nicoletta Guaragnella ◽

Sergio Giannattasio ◽

Anna Maria Timperio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Stress Response ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Cell Metabolism ◽

Wild Type ◽

Knock Out ◽

Cellular Processes ◽

Metabolome Profiling ◽

Metabolomic Approach

A combined proteomic and metabolomic approach revealed new non-apoptotic roles of the metacaspaseYCA1gene inSaccharomyces cerevisiae, highlighting its involvement in the cell metabolism and stress response.

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Mining Heat Stress Induced Genes Encoding Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) and Heat Stress Transcription Factors (HSFs) in Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa)

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.446-447.936 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 446-447 ◽

pp. 936-941

Author(s):

Lee Fong Lin ◽

Shih Yi Liao ◽

Jui Hung Yen ◽

Shu Jiau Chiou ◽

Cheng Yu Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Stress Proteins ◽

Extreme Temperature ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Reading Frame ◽

Genes Encoding ◽

Stress Responsive Genes ◽

Heat Stress Proteins ◽

Shock Proteins ◽

Heat Stress Transcription Factors

Plants have developed a variety of responses to extreme temperature situation in order to minimize damage and maintain cellular homeostasis. Recent research has revealed the involvement of heat stress proteins in thermotolerance in Arabidopsis. However, it is still obscure in strawberry plants. To identify heat stress responsive genes in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa), we constructed a Transcriptome for strawberry and it was compared to Unigene annotated in several available proteomics, including Nr, COG, KEGC, and Swissport. Nineteen candidates with complete open reading frame (ORF) of 191 predicted genes encoding HSPs or HSFs were further analyzed. RT-PCR assays and heat stress induction analysis for these potential HSPs and HSFs were performed. Our data demonstrate that the prediction of potential heat stress responsive genes from our created Transcriptome for HSPs and HSFs, respectively, correlates well with the subsequent experimental results, indicating the Transcriptome we constructed could be translated into other scientific use.

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Enhanced Flavonoid Accumulation Reduces Combined Salt and Heat Stress Through Regulation of Transcriptional and Hormonal Mechanisms

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.796956 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Rahmatullah Jan ◽

Nari Kim ◽

Seo-Ho Lee ◽

Muhammad Aaqil Khan ◽

Sajjad Asaf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Transgenic Plants ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Ion Accumulation ◽

Wild Type ◽

Agricultural Plant ◽

Sodium Hydrogen Exchanger ◽

Shock Proteins ◽

Flavonoid Accumulation

Abiotic stresses, such as salt and heat stress, coexist in some regions of the world and can have a significant impact on agricultural plant biomass and production. Rice is a valuable crop that is susceptible to salt and high temperatures. Here, we studied the role of flavanol 3-hydroxylase in response to combined salt and heat stress with the aim of better understanding the defensive mechanism of rice. We found that, compared with wild-type plants, the growth and development of transgenic plants were improved due to higher biosynthesis of kaempferol and quercetin. Furthermore, we observed that oxidative stress was decreased in transgenic plants compared with that in wild-type plants due to the reactive oxygen species scavenging activity of kaempferol and quercetin as well as the modulation of glutathione peroxidase and lipid peroxidase activity. The expression of high-affinity potassium transporter (HKT) and salt overly sensitive (SOS) genes was significantly increased in transgenic plants compared with in control plants after 12 and 24 h, whereas sodium-hydrogen exchanger (NHX) gene expression was significantly reduced in transgenic plants compared with in control plants. The expression of heat stress transcription factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) in the transgenic line increased significantly after 6 and 12 h, although our understanding of the mechanisms by which the F3H gene regulates HKT, SOS, NHX, HSF, and HSP genes is limited. In addition, transgenic plants showed higher levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and lower levels of salicylic acid (SA) than were found in control plants. However, antagonistic cross talk was identified between these hormones when the duration of stress increased; SA accumulation increased, whereas ABA levels decreased. Although transgenic lines showed significantly increased Na+ ion accumulation, K+ ion accumulation was similar in transgenic and control plants, suggesting that increased flavonoid accumulation is crucial for balancing Na+/K+ ions. Overall, this study suggests that flavonoid accumulation increases the tolerance of rice plants to combined salt and heat stress by regulating physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms.

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CaHSP18.1a, a Small Heat Shock Protein from Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.), Positively Responds to Heat, Drought, and Salt Tolerance

Horticulturae ◽

10.3390/horticulturae7050117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 117

Author(s):

Yan-Li Liu ◽

Shuai Liu ◽

Jing-Jing Xiao ◽

Guo-Xin Cheng ◽

Haq Saeed ul ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽

Small Heat Shock Protein ◽

Wild Type ◽

Drought And Salt Tolerance ◽

Drought And Salt Stresses ◽

Shock Proteins ◽

Resistance To Heat

Pepper is a thermophilic crop, shallow-rooted plant that is often severely affected by abiotic stresses such as heat, salt, and drought. The growth and development of pepper is seriously affected by adverse stresses, resulting in decreases in the yield and quality of pepper crops. Small heat shock proteins (s HSPs) play a crucial role in protecting plant cells against various stresses. A previous study in our laboratory showed that the expression level of CaHSP18.1a was highly induced by heat stress, but the function and mechanism of CaHSP18.1a responding to abiotic stresses is not clear. In this study, we first analyzed the expression of CaHSP18.1a in the thermo-sensitive B6 line and thermo-tolerant R9 line and demonstrated that the transcription of CaHSP18.1a was strongly induced by heat stress, salt, and drought stress in both R9 and B6, and that the response is more intense and earlier in the R9 line. In the R9 line, the silencing of CaHSP18.1a decreased resistance to heat, drought, and salt stresses. The silencing of CaHSP18.1a resulted in significant increases in relative electrolyte leakage (REL) and malonaldehyde (MDA) contents, while total chlorophyll content decreased under heat, salt, and drought stresses. Overexpression analyses of CaHSP18.1a in transgenic Arabidopsis further confirmed that CaHSP18.1a functions positively in resistance to heat, drought, and salt stresses. The transgenic Arabidopsis had higherchlorophyll content and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase than the wild type (WT). However, the relative conductivity and MDA content were decreased in transgenic Arabidopsis compared to the wild type (WT). We further showed that the CaHSP18.1a protein is localized to the cell membrane. These results indicate CaHSP18.1a may act as a positive regulator of responses to abiotic stresses.

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Nutrient Loading, Temperature and Heat Wave Effects on Nutrients, Oxygen and Metabolism in Shallow Lake Mesocosms Pre-Adapted for 11 Years

Water ◽

10.3390/w13020127 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 127

Author(s):

Erik Jeppesen ◽

Joachim Audet ◽

Thomas A. Davidson ◽

Érika M. Neif ◽

Yu Cao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Wave ◽

Shallow Lake ◽

Nutrient Loading ◽

Global Changes ◽

Significant Positive Effect ◽

Mixed Effect ◽

Chl A ◽

Nutrient Loadings ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Oxygen Concentrations

Global changes (e.g., warming and population growth) affect nutrient loadings and temperatures, but global warming also results in more frequent extreme events, such as heat waves. Using data from the world’s longest-running shallow lake experimental mesocosm facility, we studied the effects of different levels of nutrient loadings combined with varying temperatures, which also included a simulated 1-month summer heat wave (HW), on nutrient and oxygen concentrations, gross ecosystem primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), net ecosystem production (NEP) and bacterioplankton production (BACPR). The mesocosms had two nutrient levels (high (HN) and low (LN)) combined with three different temperatures according to the IPCC 2007 warming scenarios (unheated, A2 and A2 + 50%) that were applied for 11 years prior to the present experiment. The simulated HW consisted of 5 °C extra temperature increases only in the A2 and A2 + 50% treatments applied from 1 July to 1 August 2014. Linear mixed effect modeling revealed a strong effect of nutrient treatment on the concentration of chlorophyll a (Chl-a), on various forms of phosphorus and nitrogen as well as on oxygen concentration and oxygen percentage (24 h means). Applying the full dataset, we also found a significant positive effect of nutrient loading on GPP, ER, NEP and BACPR, and of temperature on ER and BACPR. The HW had a significant positive effect on GPP and ER. When dividing the data into LN and HN, temperature also had a significant positive effect on Chl-a in LN and on orthophosphate in HN. Linear mixed models revealed differential effects of nutrients, Chl-a and macrophyte abundance (PVI) on the metabolism variables, with PVI being particularly important in the LN mesocosms. All metabolism variables also responded strongly to a cooling-low irradiance event in the middle of the HW, resulting in a severe drop in oxygen concentrations, not least in the HN heated mesocosms. Our results demonstrate strong effects of nutrients as well as an overall rapid response in oxygen metabolism and BACPR to changes in temperature, including HWs, making them sensitive ecosystem indicators of climate warming.

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An ER–Golgi Tethering Factor SLOH4/MIP3 Is Involved in Long-term Heat Tolerance of Arabidopsis

Plant and Cell Physiology ◽

10.1093/pcp/pcaa157 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kazuho Isono ◽

Ryo Tsukimoto ◽

Satoshi Iuchi ◽

Akihisa Shinozawa ◽

Izumi Yotsui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Heat Tolerance ◽

Secretory Proteins ◽

Wild Type ◽

Additional Function ◽

Transcript Levels ◽

Unfolded Protein ◽

In The Wild ◽

Protein Response

Abstract Plants are often exposed not only to short-term (S-) heat stress but also to diurnal long-term (L-) heat stress over several consecutive days. To reveal the mechanisms underlying L-heat stress tolerance, we here used a forward genetic screening for sensitive to long-term heat (sloh) mutants and isolated sloh4. The mutant was hypersensitive to L- but not S-heat stress. The causal gene of sloh4 was identical to MIP3 encoding a member of the MAIGO2 (MAG2) tethering complex, which is composed of the MAG2, MIP1, MIP2, and MIP3 subunits and is localized at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Although sloh4/mip3 was hypersensitive to L-heat stress, the sensitivity of the mag2-3 and mip1–1 mutants was similar to that of the wild type. Under L-heat stress, the ER stress and the following unfolded protein response (UPR) were more pronounced in sloh4 than in the wild type. Transcript levels of bZIP60-regulated UPR genes were strongly increased in sloh4 under L-heat stress. Two processes known to be mediated by INOSITOL REQUIRING ENZYME1 (IRE1)—accumulation of the spliced bZIP60 transcript and a decrease in the transcript levels of PR4 and PRX34, encoding secretory proteins—were observed in sloh4 in response to L-heat stress. These findings suggest that misfolded proteins generated in sloh4 under L-heat stress may be recognized by IRE1 but not bZIP28, resulting in initiation of the UPR via activated bZIP60. Therefore, it would be possible that only MIP3 in MAG2 complex has an additional function in L-heat tolerance, which is not related to the ER–Golgi vesicle tethering.

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Transcriptome and metabolome profiling provide insights into molecular mechanism of pseudostem elongation in banana

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-021-02899-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Guiming Deng ◽

Fangcheng Bi ◽

Jing Liu ◽

Weidi He ◽

Chunyu Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Cell Elongation ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Specific Gene ◽

Wild Type ◽

Banana Plant ◽

Cell Wall Modification ◽

Dwarf Cultivar ◽

Important Trait ◽

Metabolome Profiling

AbstractBackgroundBanana plant height is an important trait for horticultural practices and semi-dwarf cultivars show better resistance to damages by wind and rain. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling the pseudostem height remain poorly understood. Herein, we studied the molecular changes in the pseudostem of a semi-dwarf banana mutant Aifen No. 1 (Musaspp. Pisang Awak sub-group ABB) as compared to its wild-type dwarf cultivar using a combined transcriptome and metabolome approach.ResultsA total of 127 differentially expressed genes and 48 differentially accumulated metabolites were detected between the mutant and its wild type. Metabolites belonging to amino acid and its derivatives, flavonoids, lignans, coumarins, organic acids, and phenolic acids were up-regulated in the mutant. The transcriptome analysis showed the differential regulation of genes related to the gibberellin pathway, auxin transport, cell elongation, and cell wall modification. Based on the regulation of gibberellin and associated pathway-related genes, we discussed the involvement of gibberellins in pseudostem elongation in the mutant banana. Genes and metabolites associated with cell wall were explored and their involvement in cell extension is discussed.ConclusionsThe results suggest that gibberellins and associated pathways are possibly developing the observed semi-dwarf pseudostem phenotype together with cell elongation and cell wall modification. The findings increase the understanding of the mechanisms underlying banana stem height and provide new clues for further dissection of specific gene functions.

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Proteomic analysis of heat shock proteins in maize (Zea mays L.)

Bulletin of the National Research Centre ◽

10.1186/s42269-019-0251-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mahmoud Hussien Abou-Deif ◽

Mohamed Abdel-Salam Rashed ◽

Kamal Mohamed Khalil ◽

Fatma El-Sayed Mahmoud

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Heat Shock Proteins ◽

Proteome Analysis ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Heat Treatments ◽

Maize Plants ◽

Adverse Influence ◽

Shock Proteins

Abstract Background Maize is one of the important cereal food crops in the world. High temperature stress causes adverse influence on plant growth. When plants are exposed to high temperatures, they produce heat shock proteins (HSPs), which may impart a generalized role in tolerance to heat stress. Proteome analysis was performed in plant to assess the changes in protein types and their expression levels under abiotic stress. The purpose of the study is to explore which proteins are involved in the response of the maize plant to heat shock treatment. Results We investigated the responses of abundant proteins of maize leaves, in an Egyptian inbred line of maize “K1”, upon heat stress through two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) on samples of maize leaf proteome. 2-DE technique was used to recognize heat-responsive protein spots using Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CBB) and silver staining. In 2-D analysis of proteins from plants treated at 45 °C for 2 h, the results manifested 59 protein spots (4.3%) which were reproducibly detected as new spots where did not present in the control. In 2D for treated plants for 4 h, 104 protein spots (7.7%) were expressed only under heat stress. Quantification of spot intensities derived from heat treatment showed that twenty protein spots revealed clear differences between the control and the two heat treatments. Nine spots appeared with more intensity after heat treatments than the control, while four spots appeared only after heat treatments. Five spots were clearly induced after heat treatment either at 2 h or 4 h and were chosen for more analysis by LC-MSMS. They were identified as ATPase beta subunit, HSP26, HSP16.9, and unknown HSP/Chaperonin. Conclusion The results revealed that the expressive level of the four heat shock proteins that were detected in this study plays important roles to avoid heat stress in maize plants.

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