scholarly journals The Ursolic Acid-Rich Extract of Dracocephalum heterophyllum Benth. with Potent Antidiabetic and Cytotoxic Activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sodik Numonov ◽  
Farukh Sharopov ◽  
Muhammad Nasimullah Qureshi ◽  
Latofat Gaforzoda ◽  
Isomiddin Gulmurodov ◽  
...  

Pentacyclic triterpenoids are one of the main functional components in Dracocephalum heterophyllum. In this study the optimal process, the fairly simple and accessible extraction and purification of triterpenoids of D. heterophyllum, was developed by a remaceration method. Remaceration is characterized by minimal loss of biologically active compounds on diffusion, which contributes to the largest depletion of raw materials. The triterpenoid yield was 2.4% under optimal conditions which was enhanced to 98.03% after purification. The triterpenoid profiles and their anticancer and antidiabetic activities were further analyzed. GC-MS analysis of triterpenoidal extract of D. heterophyllum resulted ursolic acid (71.9%) and oleanolic acid (18.1%) as the major components. Additionally, total purified triterpenoid contents of D. heterophyllum and its main components were shown to possess significant cytotoxic activity against three human breast cancer cell lines (SK-Br-3, T47D, and MCF-7). The purification of triterpenoids influenced their biological activity. The antidiabetic effect, as measured by inhibition of protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP-1B), of the purified fraction of triterpenoids of D. heterophyllum increased by five-fold against the enzyme. The results provide important guidance for the industrial application of D. heterophyllum confirming the prospect of developing plant extracts into effective drugs and health foods for human applications.

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-241
Author(s):  
Sergey Urubkov ◽  
Svetlana Khovanskaya ◽  
Stanislav Smirnov

Introduction. Diet therapy is one of the main approaches to the treatment of various diseases of the digestive system. A strict lifetime diet is the main method of treatment for gluten intolerance. However, young patients, who are particularly sensitive to dietary restrictions, often fail to follow the diet due to the limited menu of recommended foods and dishes. The diet for children with gluten intolerance should include a sufficient amount of gluten-free grain-based products. They provide children with carbohydrates, dietary fibers, vegetable proteins, fats, B vitamins, and minerals, e.g. potassium, magnesium, selenium, etc. In this regard, it is urgent to develop new types of specialized gluten-free products to expand the diet both in terms of nutritional value and taste diversity. Study objects and methods. The research is part of a project on the development of dry gluten-free mixes based on buckwheat and amaranth with fruit, vegetable, and berry raw materials. The new formulations are intended for children older than three years of age with gluten intolerance. The research objective was to study the main nutrients in amaranth and buckwheat flours. The study involved the method of infrared spectroscopy using a SpectraStar 2500 analyzer. The data obtained made it possible to calculate the nutritional and energy value of products based on amaranth and buckwheat flours, as well as fruit, vegetable, and berry powders intended for children older than three years of age with gluten intolerance. Results and discussion. Amaranth flour proved to be rich in protein (13.4%), lipids (5.1%), and ash (2.8%). Native buckwheat flour contained 7.5% of protein, 3.6% of lipids, and 1.4% of ash. The carbohydrate content appeared approximately the same in both samples (56–58%). The dry gluten-free mixes can serve as an important source of vegetable protein (up to 9.44 g per 100 g of the finished product), carbohydrates (up to 40.08 g per 100 g of the finished product, and energy (from 158.12 to 221.85 kcal per 100 g of the finished product). Conclusion. The high nutritional and biological value of amaranth and buckwheat flours, as well as fruit, vegetable, and berry powders, confirmed the prospect of using them as the main components for functional foods. Amaranth and buckwheat contain no gluten but are rich in protein, amino acids, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, minerals, and biologically active elements, which makes them an important source of nutrition for children with gluten intolerance.


2019 ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. N. Bakova ◽  
O. M. Shevchuk ◽  
L. A. Logvinenko ◽  
L. A. Timasheva

Tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) is a spicy aromatic culture, perspective to use in the food and medical industry. In the collection of aromatic and medicinal plants of the Nikita Botanical Gardens, tarragon is represented by two varieties: Isumrud and Travnevy. The Isumrud variety is characterized by a high content of essential oil (0.6% of the wet weight) of the methylchavicol chemotype (the main component of the essential oil is methylchavicol, whose mass fraction is up to 91%) and is perspective to use not only as a spice, but also in medicine as a reducing facilities. The variety Travnevy contains only 0.1% of the essential oil from the wet mass of the sabineno-elemicin chemotype (the main components of the essential oil are sabinen (40.0%) and trans-from-iso-elemicin – 26.1%), characterized by high productivity of the aerial mass (12 kg/m2), the main direction of use in the food industry as a spice. Due to the lack of requirements for dry raw tarragon, we have developed a draft technical specifications for dry crushed tarragon raw materials TS 01.28.30-009-01579640-2018. Specifications apply to dried whole and crushed raw materials, intended for the manufacture of water and water-alcohol infusions, as a source of biologically active substances, as a component for seasonings to meat, fish dishes, for use in cooking, as well as in the production of alcohol and soft drinks. The main physicochemical indicators of whole and crushed tarragon raw materials (type, size, smell, taste, mass fraction of essential oil, impurities, moisture, ash) are presented.


Author(s):  
O. M. Shevchuk ◽  
S. P. Lukashuk ◽  
S. A. Feskov ◽  
S. L. Adzhiakhmetova ◽  
N. M. Chervonnaya ◽  
...  

The article provides data on a comparative study of the content and component composition of essential oil, the total content of antioxidants and flavonoids of two cultivars and two promising cultivar samples of Italian strawflower ( Helichrysum italicum (Roth) G. Don) grown on the Southern Coast of the Crimea in the collection of aromatic and medicinal plants of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens. It has been found that the content of essential oil in the green weight of top of H. italicum varies from 0.1% of the wet weight (‘Crystal’ cultivar) to 0.2 (cultivar No. 5). The main components of ‘VIM’ cultivar essential oil are α-pinene and D-limonene, of ‘Crystal’ cultivar is neril acetate, of the sample No. 5 is α-pinene and rosiforiol, of the sample No. 158 is neryl acetate and γ-turmeric. A significant relative content of β-diketones (38%) in the essential oil of ‘Crystal’ cultivar was noted. The greatest amount of antioxidants (2.59 mg / g (in conversion to quercetin) and flavonoids (0.366%) in the inflorescences of Italian strawflower ‘VIM’ cultivar is contained in the budding phase. The results of chromatographic analysis prove the presence of 4 phenolic substances in the inflorescences of Italian strawflower. UV-spectra of alcohol solutions of the studied raw materials had a maximum absorption at a wavelength of 418 ± 2nm. Quantitative determination of flavonoids by differential spectroscopy calculated as isosalipurposide showed that the content of flavonoids in inflorescences varies from 0.262% to 0.366% depending on a cultivar and a phase of vegetation.


2018 ◽  
pp. 209-214
Author(s):  
Эльдар (El'dar) Новруз (Novruz) Новрузов (Novruzov) ◽  
Закир (Zakir) Гусейн (Gusejn) Мамедов (Mamedov) ◽  
Латафат (Latafat) Ахад (Аkhad) Мустафаева (Mustafaeva) ◽  
Хураман (Khuraman) Миргасан (Mirgasan) Мирюсифова (Miryusifova) ◽  
Айдан (Аjdan) Мирза (Mirza) Зейналова (Zeynalova)

Seabuckthorn – Hippophae rhamnoides L. is a valuable food, vitamin and medicinal plant, various parts of which are used to treat diseases as a traditional medicine in many countries of the world. All parts of Hippophae rhamnoides L. are a rich source of biologically active substances, especially polyphenolic compounds, carotenoids, phytosterols and others. Extracts obtained from various sea buckthorn organs possess high antioxidant, antibacterial, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antikanserogenic, antiradiation properties. Analysis of leaves of H. rhamnoides on the content of flavonoids showed that they contain from 2.81 to 3.2% flavonoids. Chromatographic spectrophotometric methods were used to study the qualitative composition and content of the leaf flavonoids of male H. rhamnoides. Five individual flavonoids were isolated from the sum of flavonoids, the isolated flavonoids identified as quercetin, mirisetin, isoramnetin, quercetin-3-rutinoside (rutin) and isoramnetin-3-rutinoside (narcissine), on the basis of chromatographic data, UV spectra, and acid hydrolyses. Routine and narcissine are the main components of leaves of H. rhamnoides. It has been established that the content of flavonoids is significant, with the main components being biologically active flavonoids such as rutin and narcissine, thus the leaves of the male sea buckthorn are a promising source of raw materials for the production of P vitamins and food additives.


2021 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Сергей Александрович Иванов ◽  
Валерий Соломонович Штерман ◽  
Сергей Валерьевич Штерман ◽  
Михаил Юрьевич Сидоренко ◽  
Юрий Ильич Сидоренко

Одно из перспективных направлений в создании спортивных напитков заключается во включении в их состав биологически активных компонентов растений, произрастающих в экстремальных условиях вегетации. В настоящей работе на их основе была разработана рецептура спортивного напитка, характеризующегося высокими тонизирующими свойствами («Inka Jungle»). В качестве одного из функциональных компонентов напитка использовали экстракт корнеплодов маки перуанской, произрастающей на высокогорных плато Боливии, Перу и северо-запада Аргентины на высоте 3500-4500 м над уровнем моря в условиях резких перепадов температур, интенсивной солнечной радиации и сильных ветров. Совокупность этих условий наделяет данное растение уникальными биологическими свойствами. При потреблении маки перуанской усиливаются и стабилизуются процессы возбуждения в центральной нервной системе, и как результат - «просыпается» жизненная активность человека, улучшается настроение, повышаются работоспособность, а также физическая и умственная выносливость. В качестве другого функционального компонента в состав напитка «Inka Jungle» включен экстракт кустарника Тёрнеры раскидистой или дамианы, зона произрастания которого - Южная и Центральная Америка и страны Карибского бассейна. Установлено, что прием экстракта листьев дамианы снимает нервозность, дает энергию при наступлении физической усталости, возникающей, например, после интенсивных тренировок и соревнований, повышает общий тонус организма. В состав напитка «Inka Jungle» в качестве функциональных компонентов включены также аминокислоты группы BCAA - лейцин, изолейцин, валин и L-карнитин, а также вспомогательные компоненты, формирующие его необходимые потребительские характеристики - загуститель (камедь ксантановая), регулятор кислотности (лимонная кислота), пищевой ароматизатор («гранат-клубника»), пищевой краситель («кармин») и консервант (сорбиновая кислота). Наличие в составе напитка «Inka Jungle» ряда жизненно важных компонентов позволяет при его приеме существенно увеличить интенсивность тренировок спортсменов, повысить их эффективность, обеспечить психоэмоциональную устойчивость атлетов, достичь эффективной защиты их организма от свободных радикалов и ускорить процесс восстановления после перенесенных интенсивных физических и психологических нагрузок. A promising direction in the development of sports drinks is the inclusion in their composition of biologically active components of plants growing in extreme vegetation conditions. The aim of this work was to create on their basis a sports drink characterized by high tonic properties («Inka Jungle»). As one of the functional components of the drink, was used an extract of the root vegetables of Peruvian maca, which grows on the high plateaus of Bolivia, Peru and northwestern Argentina at an altitude of 3500-4500 meters above sea level in conditions of sharp temperature changes, intense solar radiation and strong winds. The combination of these conditions endows this plant with unique biological properties. Consuming Peruvian maka intensifies and stabilizes the processes of excitation in the central nervous system, and as a result, a person's vital activity «wakes up», his mood improves, his working capacity rises, and his physical and mental endurance increases. As another functional component of the «Inka Jungle» drink, it contains an extract of Turner shrub or damiana, which grows in South and Central America and the Caribbean. It was found that damiana leaf extract relieves nervousness, gives energy when physical fatigue occurs, for example, after intense training and competition, and increases the overall potential of the body. The composition of the «Inka Jungle» drink as functional components also includes amino acids of the BCAA group - leucine, isoleucine, valine and L-carnitine, as well as auxiliary components that form its necessary consumer characteristics - a thickener (xanthan gum), an acidity regulator (citric acid), food flavoring («pomegranate-strawberry») and food coloring («carmine») and preservative (sorbic acid). The presence in the composition of the drink «Inka Jungle» of a number of vital components allows, when taken, to significantly increase the intensity of training of athletes, to increase their efficiency, to ensure their psycho-emotional stability, to achieve effective protection of their body from free radicals and to accelerate the recovery process after suffering intense physical and psychological stress.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
N. K. Yuldasheva ◽  
S. D. Gusakova ◽  
D. Kh. Nurullaeva ◽  
N. T. Farmanova ◽  
R. P. Zakirova ◽  
...  

Introduction. Lipids are a widespread group of biologically active substances in nature, making up the bulk of the organic substances of all living organisms. They accumulate in plants in seeds, as well as in fruits and perform a number of vital functions: they are the main components of cell membranes and the energy reserve for the body.Aim. Study of neutral lipids of sown oats (Avena sativa L.).Materials and methods. The objects of the study were fruits (grains) of oats of the sown variety "Tashkent 1," harvested in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Results and discussions. Neutral lipids of oat grains have been found to contain 13 fatty acids with a predominance of the sum of oleic, linolenic and linoleic acids. The total degree of unsaturation was almost 78%. Absorption bands characteristic of these substances were observed in the IR spectrum of MEGC.Conclusion. According to the results of the NL analysis, oat grains consisted of triacylglycerides and free LCDs, which were accompanied by hydrocarbons, phytosterols, triterpenoids and tocopherols.


Author(s):  
Chernichkina A.D.

A large number of biologically active substances, organic acids, tannins, and pectin substances were detected during the study of fruits, leaves, and pulp of the fruits of mountain Ash. The content of these substances in leaves and pulp will significantly expand the arsenal of medicinal plant raw materials used. Given the wide distribution of mountain Ash in the territory of the Russian Federation, harvesting leaves from the same plants after harvesting the fruit and using pulp will make it possible to obtain new phytopreparations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
А. Trubnikova ◽  
О. Chabanova ◽  
S. Bondar ◽  
Т. Sharakhmatova ◽  
Т. Nedobijchuk

Optimization of the formulation of synbiotic yogurt ice cream low-lactose using lactose-free protein concentrate of buttermilk and yogurt with low lactose content is the goal of expanding the range of low-lactose dairy products and improving the functional and health properties of ice cream. Low-lactose ice cream formulation optimization was performed using a gradient numerical method, namely conjugated gradients (Conjugate Gradient). The optimization algorithm is implemented in Mathcad. An array of data with a set of indicators for the choice of a rational ratio of lactose-free protein concentrate of buttermilk and yogurt base and inulin content for ice cream mixtures is presented. The influence of the ratio of the main components of the mixtures on the foaming ability, which determines the quality of the finished product, has been studied. An important indicator is taken into account - the concentration factor of buttermilk, which is additionally purified from lactose by diafiltration. The graphic material presented in the work clearly demonstrates that the rational ratio of yogurt base and lactose-free protein concentrate of buttermilk, obtained by ultrafiltration with diafiltration purification at a concentration factor of FC = 5 is 40.6: 59.4. The content of additional components included in the recipe of a new type of ice cream is optimized in the work, the mass fractions of which were: inulin - 3.69 %; lactulose – 1 %; ginger - 0.3 %; citric acid - 0.15 %; stabilization system - 0.2 %. The chemical composition and quality indicators of the mixture for ice cream low-lactose synbiotic yogurt, consisting of raw materials in the optimal ratio, were determined. The lactose content in the test sample of the ice cream mixture was 0.99%, the antioxidant activity was 3.1 times higher than in the mixture for traditional yogurt ice cream. The most likely number of lactic acid microorganisms, CFU / cm3 is (2.8 ± 0.9) · 108, the number of bifidobacteria, CFU / cm3 is (2.5 ± 0.2) · 109. The results of the research will be implemented in dairy companies in the production of ice cream.


2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Fragis ◽  
Abdulmonem I. Murayyan ◽  
Suresh Neethirajan

Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among Canadian women. Cancer management through changes in lifestyle, such as increased intake of foods rich in dietary flavonoids, have been shown to decrease the risk associated with breast, liver, colorectal, and upper-digestive cancers in epidemiologic studies. Onions are high in flavonoid content and one of the most common vegetables. Additionally, onions are used in most Canadian cuisines.Methods: We investigated the effect of five prominent Ontario grown onion (Stanley, Ruby Ring, LaSalle, Fortress, and Safrane) extracts on two subtypes of breast cancer cell lines: a triple negative breast cancer line MDA-MB-231 and an ER+ breast cancer line MCF-7.Results: These onion extracts elicited strong anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, and cytotoxic activities on both the cancer cell lines. Flavonoids present in these onion extracts induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential at dose-dependent concentrations. Onion extracts were more effective against MDA-MB-231 compared to the MCF-7 cell line. Conclusion: In this study, we investigated the extracts synthesized from Ontario-grown onion varieties in inducing anti-migratory, cytostatic, and cytotoxic activities in two sub-types of human breast cancer cell lines. Anti-tumor activity of these extracts depends upon the varietal and can be formulated into nutraceuticals and functional foods for the wellbeing of cancer patients. Overall, the results suggest that onion extracts are a good source of flavonoids with anti-cancerous properties.Keywords: onion extracts; flavonoids; anti-proliferative; breast cancer; cytotoxic activity


2020 ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Luferov

The article provides brief information about cardiotonic, sedative, cytostatic, diuretic, and antibacterial effects of biologically active compounds of Adonis L. (Ranunculaceae) species. Chemical studies allowed to identify the cardiac glycosides, or cardenolides: or cardenolides: adontoxin, adonitol, adonitoxigenin, acetyldigitoxin and others. In scientific medicine, it is currently allowed to use Adonis vernalis L. Other types of Adonis have a similar chemical composition and are offered as substitutes for this official species, for example, Adonis apennina L. Many Adonis species have limited natural resources, and in some regions are rare, requiring conservation of their natural populations. The search for alternative sources of medicinal plant raw materials, based on this, is relevant. The experimental part of our research was carried out using the morphological and geographical method with the involvement of information on ecology and phenology. For the first time summarizes the diagnostic features of Adonis flora of Russian flora. Previously unknown structural features (shape and size of anthers) were identified that characterize the subgenera Adonanthe and Adonis. Taxonomic study of the genus Adonis of the Russian flora allowed us to determine its species composition, clarify its systematic affiliation, and nomenclature synonyms. 9 species were identified. Of these, 6 are perennials belonging to the subgenus Adonanthe, section Consiligo, which includes 2 subsections: Amurenses (2 species) and Vernales, which is differentiated into 2 rows: Apenninae (2 species) and Vernales (2 species). Subgenus Adonis is represented by 2 sections: Adonis (1 species) and Lophocarpa with sections Aestivales (1 species) and Dentatae (1 species). For all the considered species and varieties, the main distribution areas are given. A key has been compiled to determine the wild Adonis species distributed in Russia.


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