scholarly journals Triacyl Glycerols from Yeast-Catalyzed Batch and Fed-Batch Bioconversion of Hydrolyzed Lignocellulose from Cardoon Stalks

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Domenico Aiello ◽  
Ciro Sannino ◽  
Tommaso Giannoni ◽  
Giacomo Fabbrizi ◽  
Mattia Gelosia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Fed Batch ◽  
Intracellular Lipids ◽  
Fatty Acids Profile ◽  
Cell Biomass ◽  
Different Temperatures

The lipogenic ability of the yeast Solicoccozyma terricola DBVPG 5870 grown on hydrolyzed lignocellulose obtained from cardoon stalks was evaluated. Data on cell biomass, lipid production, and fatty acid profiles of triacylglycerols obtained in batch and fed-batch experiments were carried out at the laboratory scale in a 5L fermenter, and at two different temperatures (20 and 25 °C) were reported. The higher production of total intracellular lipids (13.81 g/L) was found in the fed-batch experiments carried out at 20 °C. S. terricola exhibited the ability to produce high amounts of triacylglycerol (TAGs) with a characteristic fatty acids profile close to that of palm oil. The TAGs obtained from S. terricola grown on pre-treated lignocellulose could be proposed as a supplementary source of oleochemicals. Indeed, due to the rising prices of fossil fuels and because of the environmental-related issues linked to their employment, the use of TAGs produced by S. terricola grown on lignocellulose could represent a promising option as a supplementary oleochemical, especially for biodiesel production.

scholarly journals Genetic engineering of microalgae lipid biosynthesis for sustainable biodiesel production

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 072-077
Author(s):  
Siti Zulaiha
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Lipid Biosynthesis ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Promising Alternative

Biofuel is one of the most promising alternative energy sources for reducing human reliance on fossil fuels. Microalgae has recently emerged as the most promising biofuel source. However, biofuels from microalgae are still not feasible to replace fossil fuels because of their high production costs, therefore, it is necessary to pick microalgae species with high growth rates and lipid content. Overexpression of lipid biosynthesis enzymes and inhibition of competitive metabolic pathways are two genetic engineering strategies that can be developed to assess microalgae lipid production. Malate and multienzyme enzymes (GPAT, LPAAT and DGAT) can be overexpressed in microalgae to boost lipid production. The strategy of blocking competitive metabolic pathways can be carried out through suppression of starch metabolism and lipid catabolism. The strategy of blocking competitive metabolic pathways has been carried out in several microalgae and is effective for enhancing lipid biosynthesis. Several mutations that block both the starch metabolic and lipid catabolic pathways can result in increased levels of microalgal lipid accumulation.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Solvent and Ratio Towards Microalgae Oil Production by Ultrasonic Assisted Soxhlet Extraction Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1377-1383
Author(s):  
Y.C. Wong ◽  
R. Shahirah
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Content ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Freshwater Algae ◽  
Algae Oil

Currently, the renewable feedstock is the most needed worldwide. Microalgae are promising raw materials for supplying biofuels due to the depletion of fossil fuels. The microalgae found were mostly consists of freshwater algae. The aim of this research is to study the effect of different solvents and ratio using Soxhlet extraction method. Many parameters were introduced in this study in order to enhance the lipid production of microalgae. Lipid content of algae oil production known as Fatty acid that found was being analyzed. Different solvents used and ratio was expected to have different highest in lipid content. Chloroform, ethanol, and hexane were chosen as the solvents used. The best solvent for lipid production was the combination of different solvents and ratio. Data showed that 8% is the highest total oil extraction yield obtained from combination of chloroform and ethanol with a ratio (1:2). The compound and lipid content in algae oil are analyzed through Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) analysis. Fatty acids have many benefits and also have interest preparation for health products. Green microalgae strain was being identified and cultured as future potential for biodiesel production. Significant of this study is to unveil the benefit of algae oil as sustainable future resources.

scholarly journals Selection of Indigenous Algal Species for Potential Biodiesel Production

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinaya Tiwari ◽  
Alok Das ◽  
Shallu Thakur ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Algal Species ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Algal Strain ◽  
Green Algal ◽  
Carbon Neutral ◽  
Selection Of

Currently, India utilizes an enormous amount of fossil fuels and a major quantity of fossil fuels are imported from other countries. It’s a giant load on the Indian Economy. The burning of fossil fuels causes global warming. Carbon neutral, renewable fuels are essential for environmental protection and it’s economically sustainable for India. Biofuels attention day by day due to a rise in energy demands and environmental concerns. Biodiesel produced from algal oil a possible renewable and carbon-neutral substitute to fossil fuels. The feasibility of the algal-based biodiesel industry depends on the selection of adequate species regarding commercial oil yields and oil quality. Present research work to bioprospecting and screening of 19 algal and blue-green algal species, the oil percentage and the fatty acid profiles, used for analyzing the biodiesel fuel properties. Oil from Tolypothrix phyllophila algal strain and compared it with another eighteen algal and blue-green algal strains from different literature. Tolypothrix phyllophila algal strain contains approximately 12.6% lipid on a dry weight basis. We also compared the FAME profile of 19 algal and blue-green algal strains and calculated and compared the fuel properties such as cetane number, Iodine Value, etc. of the biodiesel derived from these algal and blue-green algal oils based on chain length and saturation. We also investigated the 19 algal and blue-green algal fatty acid profiles and its suitability for biodiesel production and strains selection through PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations) and GAIA (geometrical analysis for interactive aid) analysis.

scholarly journals Two-Stage Cultivation of Dunaliella tertiolecta with Glycerol and Triethylamine for Lipid Accumulation: a Viable Way To Alleviate the Inhibitory Effect of Triethylamine on Biomass

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Hua Liang ◽  
Lu-Lu Xue ◽  
Jian-Guo Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Algal Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dunaliella Tertiolecta ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Cell Biomass

ABSTRACT Microalgae are promising alternatives for sustainable biodiesel production. Previously, it was found that 100 ppm triethylamine greatly enhanced lipid production and lipid content per cell of Dunaliella tertiolecta by 20% and 80%, respectively. However, triethylamine notably reduced biomass production and pigment contents. In this study, a two-stage cultivation with glycerol and triethylamine was attempted to improve cell biomass and lipid accumulation. At the first stage with 1.0 g/liter glycerol addition, D. tertiolecta cells reached the late log phase in a shorter time due to rapid cell growth, leading to the highest cell biomass (1.296 g/liter) for 16 days. However, the increased glycerol concentrations with glycerol addition decreased the lipid content. At the second-stage cultivation with 100 ppm triethylamine, the highest lipid concentration and lipid weight content were 383.60 mg/liter and 37.7% of dry cell weight (DCW), respectively, in the presence of 1.0 g/liter glycerol, which were 27.36% and 72.51% higher than those of the control group, respectively. Besides, the addition of glycerol alleviated the inhibitory effect of triethylamine on cell morphology, algal growth, and pigment accumulation in D. tertiolecta. The results indicated that two-stage cultivation is a viable way to improve lipid yield in microalgae. IMPORTANCE Microalgae are promising alternatives for sustainable biodiesel production. Two-stage cultivation with glycerol and triethylamine enhanced the lipid productivity of Dunaliella tertiolecta, indicating that two-stage cultivation is an efficient strategy for biodiesel production from microalgae. It was found that glycerol significantly enhanced cell biomass of D. tertiolecta, and the presence of glycerol alleviated the inhibitory effect of triethylamine on algal growth. Glycerol, the major byproduct from biodiesel production, was used for the biomass accumulation of D. tertiolecta at the first stage of cultivation. Triethylamine, as a lipid inducer, was used for lipid accumulation at the second stage of cultivation. Two-stage cultivation with glycerol and triethylamine enhanced lipid productivity and alleviated the inhibitory effect of triethylamine on the algal growth of D. tertiolecta, which is an efficient strategy for lipid production from D. tertiolecta.

scholarly journals Strategies for Improvement of Lipid Production by Yeast Trichosporon oleaginosus from Lignocellulosic Biomass

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Marina Grubišić ◽  
Katarina Mihajlovski ◽  
Ana Marija Gruičić ◽  
Sunčica Beluhan ◽  
Božidar Santek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Hydrolysis Rate ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Fed Batch ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Lipid Yield

Microbial lipids have similar fatty acid composition to plant oils, and therefore, are considered as an alternative feedstock for biodiesel production. Oleaginous yeasts accumulate considerable amounts of lipids intracellularly during growth on low-cost renewable feedstocks such as lignocellulosic biomass. In this study, we cultivated yeast Trichosporon oleaginosus on hydrolysate of alkaline pretreated corn cobs. Different process configurations were evaluated and compared, including separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) with cellulase recycle and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) in batch and fed-batch mode. At low enzyme loading, the highest lipid concentration of 26.74 g L−1 was reached in fed-batch SSF fed with 2.5% (g g−1) substrate. Batch SHF was conducted for four rounds with recycling the cellulase adsorbed on unhydrolyzed lignocellulosic biomass. Thirty percent of cellulase saving was achieved for rounds 2–4 without compromising productivity and lipid yield. The addition of Tween 80 to lignocellulosic slurry improved the hydrolysis rate of structural carbohydrates in pretreated lignocellulosic biomass. Furthermore, supplementing the growth medium with Tween 80 improved lipid yield and productivity without affecting yeast growth. Oleaginous yeast T. oleaginosus is a promising strain for the sustainable and efficient production of lipids from renewable lignocellulosic feedstock.

scholarly journals Utilization of Clarified Butter Sediment Waste as a Feedstock for Cost-Effective Production of Biodiesel

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Patel ◽  
Km Sartaj ◽  
Parul A. Pruthi ◽  
Vikas Pruthi ◽  
Leonidas Matsakas
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Lipid Production ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Lipid

The rising demand and cost of fossil fuels (diesel and gasoline), together with the need for sustainable, alternative, and renewable energy sources have increased the interest for biomass-based fuels such as biodiesel. Among renewable sources of biofuels, biodiesel is particularly attractive as it can be used in conventional diesel engines without any modification. Oleaginous yeasts are excellent oil producers that can grow easily on various types of hydrophilic and hydrophobic waste streams that are used as feedstock for single cell oils and subsequently biodiesel production. In this study, cultivation of Rhodosporidium kratochvilovae on a hydrophobic waste (clarified butter sediment waste medium (CBM)) resulted in considerably high lipid accumulation (70.74% w/w). Maximum cell dry weight and total lipid production were 15.52 g/L and 10.98 g/L, respectively, following cultivation in CBM for 144 h. Neutral lipids were found to accumulate in the lipid bodies of cells, as visualized by BODIPY staining and fluorescence microscopy. Cells grown in CBM showed large and dispersed lipid droplets in the intracellular compartment. The fatty acid profile of biodiesel obtained after transesterification was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS), while its quality was determined to comply with ASTM 6751 and EN 14214 international standards. Hence, clarified sediment waste can be exploited as a cost-effective renewable feedstock for biodiesel production.

Biodiesel production from non-edible oils: A review

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-159
Author(s):  
Jatinder Kataria ◽  
Saroj Kumar Mohapatra ◽  
Amit Pal
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
The World

The limited fossil reserves, spiraling price and environmental impact due to usage of fossil fuels leads the world wide researchers’ interest in using alternative renewable and environment safe fuels that can meet the energy demand. Biodiesel is an emerging renewable alternative fuel to conventional diesel which can be produced from both edible and non-edible oils, animal fats, algae etc. The society is in dire need of using renewable fuels as an immediate control measure to mitigate the pollution level. In this work an attempt is made to review the requisite and access the capability of the biodiesel in improving the environmental degradation.

Utilization of pomegranate waste-peel as a novel substrate for biodiesel production by Bacillus cereus (MF908505)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1199-1207
Author(s):  
Amruta P. Kanakdande ◽  
Chandrahasya N. Khobragade ◽  
Rajaram S. Mane
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Energy Needs

The continuous rising demands and fluctuations in the prices of fossil fuels warrant searching for an alternative renewable energy source to manage the energy needs.

scholarly journals Bio-Derived Catalysts: A Current Trend of Catalysts Used in Biodiesel Production

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 812
Author(s):  
Hoang Chinh Nguyen ◽  
My-Linh Nguyen ◽  
Chia-Hung Su ◽  
Hwai Chyuan Ong ◽  
Horng-Yi Juan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis ◽  
Alkali Catalysts ◽  
A Current

Biodiesel is a promising alternative to fossil fuels and mainly produced from oils/fat through the (trans)esterification process. To enhance the reaction efficiency and simplify the production process, various catalysts have been introduced for biodiesel synthesis. Recently, the use of bio-derived catalysts has attracted more interest due to their high catalytic activity and ecofriendly properties. These catalysts include alkali catalysts, acid catalysts, and enzymes (biocatalysts), which are (bio)synthesized from various natural sources. This review summarizes the latest findings on these bio-derived catalysts, as well as their source and catalytic activity. The advantages and disadvantages of these catalysts are also discussed. These bio-based catalysts show a promising future and can be further used as a renewable catalyst for sustainable biodiesel production.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on Oil Extraction and Biodiesel Production Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 788
Author(s):  
Zulqarnain ◽  
Muhammad Ayoub ◽  
Mohd Hizami Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Muhammad Hamza Nazir ◽  
Imtisal Zahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Waste Oils ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis ◽  
Production Technologies

Dependence on fossil fuels for meeting the growing energy demand is damaging the world’s environment. There is a dire need to look for alternative fuels that are less potent to greenhouse gas emissions. Biofuels offer several advantages with less harmful effects on the environment. Biodiesel is synthesized from the organic wastes produced extensively like edible, non-edible, microbial, and waste oils. This study reviews the feasibility of the state-of-the-art feedstocks for sustainable biodiesel synthesis such as availability, and capacity to cover a significant proportion of fossil fuels. Biodiesel synthesized from oil crops, vegetable oils, and animal fats are the potential renewable carbon-neutral substitute to petroleum fuels. This study concludes that waste oils with higher oil content including waste cooking oil, waste palm oil, and algal oil are the most favorable feedstocks. The comparison of biodiesel production and parametric analysis is done critically, which is necessary to come up with the most appropriate feedstock for biodiesel synthesis. Since the critical comparison of feedstocks along with oil extraction and biodiesel production technologies has never been done before, this will help to direct future researchers to use more sustainable feedstocks for biodiesel synthesis. This study concluded that the use of third-generation feedstocks (wastes) is the most appropriate way for sustainable biodiesel production. The use of innovative costless oil extraction technologies including supercritical and microwave-assisted transesterification method is recommended for oil extraction.

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