scholarly journals How Election Process is Rent-Seeking in Pakistan? A Case Study of Local Bodies Election in District Pakpattan

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-116
Author(s):  
Anwar Shah ◽  
Nasrullah Habib ◽  
Muhammad Zeeshan Younas
Keyword(s):  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Limit Set ◽  
Monetary Cost ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The People ◽  
Election Process ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Election Commission

This study examines the difference between the total spending on the election campaign in 54 Union councils during local bodies’ election and the expected developmental fund for the same area. The study is based on primary data collected from 324 contesting candidates for the chairmanship/vice-chairmanship of 54 union councils (UCs) in district Pakpattan during the local bodies’ election of 2015 in Punjab, Pakistan. Per local bodies council rules, a winning chairman of UC has to allocate developmental funds in the area. So, the whole process of local bodies’ election is for the finalization of a person among the people, who could be given the mandate to use the developmental funds. In this regard, we assume that the prevailing process of election is rent-seeking for society, in the sense that the total cost of the election process for society is greater than the developmental funds for which the same process is conducted. Candidates consume more than the allowed limit set by the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP). Hence, society bears the monetary cost of spending more than the set limit and non-monetary costs like rivalry, foes, conflicts, etc. The analysis of data shows that the total amount of campaign spending is 473.27 million rupees which are significantly more than the allowed limit, set by ECP as well as the total allocated developmental funds (128 million) of 54 union councils. The study shows that the whole process of local bodies’ election is putting rent of 345 million on society. Apart from monetary cost, this process brings those people to the power corridors who themselves break ECP rules. The study suggests comprehensive reforms in the process of the election campaign for saving society from its associated cost.

Problematika Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Calon Tunggal Dalam Demokrasi Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurfaika Ishak
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Government Administration ◽  
The People ◽  
Election Process ◽  
Commission Regulation ◽  
Election Commission

<p><em>This study aims to explain the arrangements for a single candidate regional head election and how people's sovereignty is channeled into the democratic process of regional head elections. This type of research is a descriptive normative juridical study. The data used are secondary data in the form of primary legal materials and secondary legal materials obtained through literature study. The results showed that the regulation of regional head elections with only 1 (one) pair of candidates began with the issuance of the Constitutional Court decision Number 100 / PUU-XIII / 2015 which was subsequently followed by the issuance of General Election Commission Regulation Number 14 of 2015 and Law Number 10 of 2016. Whereas the people are the determinants of government administration power through the regional head election process so that the people as the main activator of the wheel of democracy should not be hindered in choosing candidates for regional head leaders even though there is only one pair of candidates involved in the election. Election of heads must be carried out honestly and fairly so that political awareness by all citizens can be realized.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Local Elections; Sovereignty; Democracy.</em></p>

scholarly journals Authority of General Election Commission for the Electoral Constitutional Rights

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Nasruddin Nasruddin ◽  
Galang Asmara ◽  
RR. Cahyowati
Keyword(s):  
House Of Representatives ◽  
State Institution ◽  
Vice President ◽  
General Election ◽  
Constitutional Rights ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
The People ◽  
Election Process ◽  
Legal Concepts ◽  
Election Commission

Indonesia is a country that adopts a democratic system that puts sovereignty in the hands of the people. As a manifestation of people's sovereignty, there is a direct election process, in which the people can determine their choices in electing the House of Representatives, the Regional Representative Council, the Regional People's Representative Council, the President and Vice President, the Governor and Deputy Governor, the Regent and Deputy Regent, as well as the Mayor and Deputy Mayor. The purpose of the study was to analyze the discretionary authority of the National Election Commission as a state institution. Research methods, this type of research is normative research, using a statutory approach, and conceptual. Sources of legal materials use primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. After the legal materials are collected and identified, the analysis of legal materials is carried out using analytical prescrisive methods, namely studying the purpose of the law, the values of justice, the validity of the rule of law, legal concepts, and legal norms. In conclusion, the General Election Commission is a supporting state institution or an auxiliary institution or an independent institution that is of a national, permanent and independent nature which holds elections in Indonesia. The General Election Commission in safeguarding the constitutional rights of voters has the authority to make discretionary decisions on issues if the laws and regulations do not regulate, are incomplete or unclear so that it causes stagnation at some stages, especially in the preparation and determination of the Voter List in the Data Upgrading Stages.

scholarly journals On the Problem of Preclusive Character of Electoral Terms

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
Yurii Kliuchkovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
National Elections ◽  
Great Practical Importance ◽  
Election Process ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Election Commission ◽  
Legal Consequences

The article considers one of the aspects of the temporal measure of the election process: the preclusive nature of the terms of electoral procedures (electoral terms).Determining the legal nature of electoral terms is of great practical importance. It is generally accepted that terms are preclusive if they must be strictly adhered to, i.e. these terms cannot be extended or renewed. Any actions that were to be committed during such a period have no legal consequences if they are committed after its expiration. Some election terms are recognized as preclusive by the law. The lack of a normative provision on the possibility of extending or renewing other election terms, together with the awareness that the election process is fast-paced and irreversible as well as the analogy with the terms recognized as preclusive, provides grounds for law enforcement bodies to extend this feature to all election terms. The article considers one of the aspects of the temporal measure of the election process: the preclusivenature of the terms of electoral procedures (electoral terms).Determining the legal nature of electoral terms is of great practical importance. It is generally acceptedthat terms are preclusive if they must be strictly adhered to, i.e. these terms cannot be extended or renewed.Any actions that were to be committed during such a period have no legal consequences if they are committedafter its expiration. Some election terms are recognized as preclusive by the law. The lack of a normativeprovision on the possibility of extending or renewing other election terms, together with the awareness thatthe election process is fast-paced and irreversible as well as the analogy with the terms recognized aspreclusive, provides grounds for law enforcement bodies to extend this feature to all election terms.Judicial practice demonstrates various approaches to understanding the nature of different election terms. Although their preclusive nature is declared, it is not followed in all cases. Therefore, there exists a problem to search for a criterion that would allow to divide the terms of the implementation of certain election procedures by the relevant subjects of the election process into preclusive ones and those being mandatory but extendable. To find such a criterion, we used a comparison of two similar situations related to passive suffrage during the national elections – the nomination of a candidate and deciding regarding his registration.The difference between the conditions of the corresponding procedures is that the candidate being he holder of passive suffrage acts on his own initiative, i.e. at his own discretion submits documents for registration, while the opposite party (election commission), registering the candidate, acts on duty, having imperative power to consider these documents and make decisions on them in accordance with the requirements of the law. This is the reason for the difference in the nature of the terms for the corresponding procedures.Thus, the election terms are preclusive if they are related to the actions taken by the subjects of the election process at their own discretion, including for the exercise of their own rights. At the same time, the terms set for the obligatory actions aimed at ensuring the rights of other entities, although mandatory (violation of which is qualified as being illegal), but they cannot be considered preclusive.  

scholarly journals Public Participation in Reforestation (Case at Gunungkidul Regency, Yogyakarta Special Province)

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Ritohardoyo ◽  
B S Prakosa
Keyword(s):  
Economic Condition ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Popular Participation ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
The People ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Popular participation is a determinant indicator of reforestation. The important of it is due to the fact, that the people who will take the conservation innovation, adopt the technology, and bear the impact of conservation. However, there are many cases indicate the failure of reforestation project because of low popular participation. In this regard, this research is conducted to expose spatially the people knowledge, perception, and participation on reforestation. This research is carried out in the Gunungkidul district employing survey method primary data is collected from 180 rspondents are households who as participant of reforestation project, and household who are classified as self sufficient. The respondent sample is selected on the basis of stratified random sampling, according to physiography and the existing of forestation programme of the area. Three villages sample selected in this research are 1) Tegalrejo, in the physiography of Baturagung Range; 2) Gedangrejo, in the physiography of Wonosari Plateau; 3) Banjarejo, in the physiography of Gunungsewu Mountain. The measurement of people knowledge, perception, and participation on reforestation is performed through Likert Scale technique. Data analysis makes use of tabulation statistic technique espeially t test, variance, and rank correlation.The result of research shows that most people gain the reforestation knowledge from Foresty Extension Service or RLKT, whereas the knowledge of the larger part of self sufficient household comes from village officers. Though the category of their degree of knowledge are high, however there are quiet different according to physiography area. This fact determines the level of popular participation in the perspective physiography unit. It means that the higher the degree of knowledge on reforestation leads to the higher the perception on forestation. Moreover, the different in physiography of the area, or participation in the project determines also the difference in perception. The degree of popular participation on self sufficient reforestation or reforestation project is high. Popular participation is varied to either physiography condition or among participant of reforestation project. Participation of participant of reforestation project is higher than participation of self sufficient group.  The difference in the involvement of every reforestation of ativities (planning, implementation, and the use of out come) is  a direct consequence of the different in physical as well as socio – economic condition of the community. Physical constraints of up land area, and low level of socio – economic condition, have stimulated popular participation on reforestation. In addition, the level of popular participation is very much influenced by knowledge on reforestation and perception on reforestation. This means that, the higher the knowledge of farmer on implementation and utilization of reforestation and the higher the farmer perception on reforestation programme, then the higher the level of farmer participation on reforestation in eah different physiography.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS PENYELESAIAN PELANGGARAN ADMINISTRATIF PEMILIHAN UMUM BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 7 TAHUN 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Evi Noviawati ◽  
Mamay Komariah
Keyword(s):  
General Election ◽  
Political Education ◽  
The Political ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
The People ◽  
National Leaders ◽  
Commission Regulation ◽  
Election Commission

The Elections (Elections) in Indonesia is a process of democratization to elect national leaders and people's representatives who are elected directly by the people. The process of organizing the General Election is carried out through the stages stipulated in the Election Commission Regulation. One of the stages that must be passed in the holding of elections is the implementation of campaigns that are part of the political education of the community. In the implementation of an election campaign, election participants can form a campaign team that is responsible for the technical implementation of the campaign. Election administrative violations often occur in the stages of the campaign carried out by election participants which can consequently be detrimental to the election organizers and fellow election participants. Every settlement of election administrative violations can be decided by the Election Supervisory Body (Bawaslu) no later than 7 (seven) working days after the findings and reports are received and registered and then recommended to the KPU for further action. In reality on the ground, there are still many cases of election administrative violations that cannot be resolved due to several obstacles faced, namely the difficulty of finding the reporting party and the limited time in the process of filing reports and findings

scholarly journals Partisipasi Pemilih dalam Pemilihan Umum Bupati/Wakil Bupati Langkat Tahun 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Suhardi Suhardi ◽  
Muhammad Arif Nasution ◽  
Heri Kusmanto
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
General Election ◽  
Voter Participation ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The People ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
General Elections ◽  
Election Commission

This study describes the participation of voters in regional head elections. The form of research used is descriptive qualitative method. The researcher conducted research directly at the Langkat Regency General Election Commission and the people who became voters in the simultaneous Regional Head General Elections especially the Langkat Regent and Deputy Regent General Elections in 2018. The informants in this study were the Langkat Regency General Election Commissioner. The main informants were the Voters namely the Langkat Regency Population who were at least 17 years and above. Primary data collection, carried out by interview and observation. Secondary data collection is done by library research. The methods of data analysis in this study are as follows: Data Collection, Data Reduction, Data Presentation and Conclusion Withdrawal of Research Results: The level of voter participation in the Election of Regional Heads (Case Study of Election of Regent and Deputy Regent of Langkat in 2018) which holds 2019- 2024 is 66.48% (or is in the Medium category). Kuala Subdistrict (89.99%) is the highest percentage of voter participation in polling stations in the Langkat District and Deputy Regent Election, while Pangkalan Susu District is the lowest at 55.25%.

scholarly journals Smart Voting System Using Facial Recognition

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 308-313
Author(s):  
Abbas Behrainwala
Keyword(s):  
Facial Recognition ◽  
Biometric Authentication ◽  
The People ◽  
Election Process ◽  
Voting System ◽  
Online Voting ◽  
The Government ◽  
Authentication Security ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Election Commission

Abstract: In this paper a new authentication technique is discussed i-e; facial recognition verification for online voting system. It aims to develop a computerized voting system to make the election process more secure and user friendly. The electorate want to visit distinct locations like polling cubicles and stand in an extended queue to cast their vote, because of such reasons most of the people skip their chance of voting. The voter who isn't eligible also can forged its vote via way of means of faux way which can also additionally cause many problems. That's why in this project we have proposed a system or way for voting which is very effective or useful in voting. This system can also save money of the government which is spent in the election process. Overall this project is being developed to help staff of election commission of India and also reduce the human efforts. Keywords: Online Voting, Biometric Authentication, Security System.

PENGARUH TRANSPARANSI PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DANA DESA DAN PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT DESA SIDOHARJO

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Dewi Kusuma Wardani ◽  
Ratih Ranika Putri Utami
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Community Members ◽  
The People ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to determine the effect of transparency in financial management of village funds and community empowerment on community welfare in Sidoharjo Village, Tepus District, Gunungkidul Regency. This research method uses quantitative descriptive methods and primary data using questionnaires. This study took a sample of residents who were divided into 11 hamlets in Sidoharjo Village, Tepus District, Gunung kidul Regency. The sampling technique is stratified random sampling. Data collection is done by distributing questionnaires directly to people’s homes, attending social gatherings and routine meetings held by community members. It aims to obtain more data from respondents directly. The number of questionnaires processed was 120 questionnaires. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that community empowerment has a positive effect on the welfare of the people of Sidoharjo Village, Tepus District, Gunungkidul Regency, while transparency in financial management of village funds does not affect the welfare of the community in Sidoharjo Village, Tepus District, Gunungkidul Regency.

Retail Mix Dan Kepuasan Konsumen Minimarket

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Siti Maryama ◽  
Yayat Sujatna
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Retail Industry ◽  
Location Data ◽  
Store Design ◽  
Customer Services ◽  
The Difference

The purpose of this study is to (1) analyzing the level of retail mix consumer satisfaction; (2) analyze the dominant variable in retail mix consumer satisfaction; (3) analyze the difference of retail mix consumer satisfaction performed. The observed of the retail industry is Alfamidi and Indomaret. The study was designed into a descriptive-quantitative method. The source of primary data obtained from the questionnaire of 100 respondents. The formulating variable of retail mix includes: merchandise assortments, pricing, customer services Store design and display, communication mix, and location. Data analyze by using descriptive, analysis of factors, and t-test. The result confirmed that the level of retail mix consumer satisfaction in both industry is relatively similar. However, it can be stated that the respondents were more satisfied to Indomaret compared with Alfamart.

A Problem of Long - Term Digital Preservation: Difference in Humanities and Natural Sciences

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 183-195
Author(s):  
Elena Macevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Digital Preservation ◽  
Dynamic Activity ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Time Line ◽  
Digital Documents ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Technological Science

The article deals with the requirements and needs for long-term digital preservation in different areas of scholarly work. The concept of long-term digital preservation is introduced by comparing it to digitization and archiving concepts and defined with the emphasis on dynamic activity within a certain time line. The structure of digital preservation is presented with regard to the elements of the activity as understood in Activity Theory. The life-cycle of digitization processes forms the basis of the main processing of preserved data in preservation archival system.The author draws on the differences between humanities and social sciences on one hand and natural and technological science on the other. The empirical data characterizing the needs for digital preservation within different areas of scholarship are presented and show the difference in approaches to long-term digital preservation, as well as differences in selecting the items and implementing the projects of digital preservation. Institutions and organizations can also develop different understanding of preservation requirements for digital documents and other objects.The final part of the paper is devoted to some general problems pertaining to the longterm digital preservation with the emphasis of the responsibility for the whole process of safe-guarding the cultural and scholarly heritage for the re-use of the posterior generations. It is suggested that the longevity of the libraries in comparison with much shorter life-span of private companies strengthens the claim of memory institutions to playing the central role in the long-term digital preservation.

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