scholarly journals Humanities Studies and Jesuit Principles of Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (56) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Martin Šarkan
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Jesuit Education ◽  
Moral Dimension ◽  
Important Condition ◽  
Renaissance Humanism ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Educational Paradigm ◽  
Contemporary Education ◽  
Conceptual Core

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE:The objective of the study is to identify key features of the concept of analysing humanitarianism and, eventually, humanity as an important sociogenic factor and its meaning for contemporary education. RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: This work focuses on recognizing the conceptual core in the humanist tradition through the analysis of the ancient and Renaissance idea of the study of humanitarianism  that dominated in the educational paradigm in the period of the Renaissance humanism and in the development of Jesuit education. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The study indicates interpretative inconsistency in the concept of modern humanism. Trying to explain what is unclear in the humanistic discourse, the author will, first of all, focus on the origin of the Renaissance humanism with its outdated concept of the study of humanitarianism, and then he will present the analysis of the concept of the original, ancient understanding of the study of humanitarianism in the inspiring text of the Renaissance humanistic movement Pro Archia Poeta Oration by Cicero. Finally, the author presents the connection between the analysis of humanitarianism and the Renaissance educational system of Societas Jesu, as well as the perspectives of this tradition and its influence on the present time. RESEARCH RESULTS: In the research, the author identified the ancient and Renaissance concept of studying humanitatis as a key sociogenic factor necessary for the morphogenesis of cultural identity. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS: Humanistic studies, as a lifelong process of cultivating cura personalis according to Jesuit principles, are an important condition for upgrading humanity which is characterized by the fulfillment of the moral dimension of an individual integrated with social and cultural processes of the society. The study indicates the meaning of the epideictic approach to analysing humanitarianism in its function of articulating the cultural identity of the polis.  

Monitored Lives: Writing Indigenous Land Management and the State (Part One)

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-35
Author(s):  
Jim Birckhead
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Land Tenure ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Contract Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Indigenous Land Management ◽  
Expert Input ◽  
Management Issues ◽  
Indigenous Land

Anthropologists in Australia are becoming increasingly involved in government contract work on Indigenous land tenure and management issues, most of which require some ‘expert’ input to help authenticate cultural identity and establish connection to ‘country’. In this paper I have reviewed some issues and themes drawn from my uneven and serendipitous work as an anthropologist. This work has been done as both an academic and practitioner, over the past couple of decades on Indigenous land tenure, hunting, management, and ranger training at this dynamic and contentious interface between Indigenous cultural processes and government agencies. My aim is to raise questions of both ethics and epistemology and to reflect on the work of the anthropologist in these domains, without attempting to systematically cover all of the possible issues.

scholarly journals NAMA MARGA SEBAGAI IDENTITAS BUDAYA MASYARAKAT ETNIS ARAB

LITERA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dita Kafaabillah
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Ethnic Community ◽  
Semantic Concept ◽  
Advanced Technique ◽  
Basic Technique ◽  
Cultural Relativity ◽  
Kinship System ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
Cultural Pattern ◽  
Clan Identity

Relativitas budaya dan bahasa memiliki hubungan yang berkesinambungan. Marga merupakan hasil dari proses kebudayaan secara turun-temurun. Suatu marga dapat menyimpan harapan, doa, cita-cita leluhur, peristiwa, dan sejarah kehidupan seseorang Artikel ini menjelaskan konsep penamaan dan pemaknaan marga masyarakat etnis Arab yang berupaya mengungkap proses pelambangan suatu marga yang mengacu kepada suatu referen dan konsep makna yang terefleksikan di dalamnya. Data penelitian ini dijaring dengan metode simak dan cakap. Adapun analisisnya memanfaatkan metode padan referensial dengan teknik dasar Pilah Unsur Penentu (PUP)dan teknik lanjutan Hubung Banding Menyamakan (HBS). Pada nama marga masyarakat etnis Arab tercermin corak budaya yang kuat dalam sistem kekerabatan sebagai identitas yang dilestarikan turun-temurun. Kata kunci: antropolinguistik, masyarakat etnis Arab, marga, identitas CLAN NAMES AS A CULTURAL IDENTITY OF THE ARAB COMMUNITY Abstract Cultural relativity and language have a continuous relationship. Marga is the result of hereditary cultural processes. A clan can store one’s hopes, prayers, ancestral ideals, events, and life history. This article explains the concept of naming and interpreting Arab ethnic community clans and attempts to reveal the process of symbolizing a clan that refers to a referent and semantic concept reflected in it. The data were collected through observations and interviews. The analysis used the referential correspondence method with the basic technique of the Immediate Constituent Analysis (ICA) the advanced technique of Equal Comparative Relation (ECR). In the Arabethnic community, a clan name reflects a strong cultural pattern in the kinship system as an identity that has been preserved from generation to generation. Keywords: anthropolinguistics, Arabethnic community, clan, identity

scholarly journals Literary canon in Maksim Bogdanovich’s poetic heritage: genealogy, reception, semiosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-485
Author(s):  
V. A. Maksimovich
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Cultural Integration ◽  
Literary Canon ◽  
Important Condition ◽  
Spiritual Integration ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Symbolic World

On the example of works of the classic of Belarusian literature Maksim Bogdanovich, there is studied the role of literary canon in aesthetic self­identification of national literature. It is noted that the literary canon acts as a strategy of cultural identity, one of the effective forms, and important condition of formation of the cultural symbolic world of meanings funded by the general cultural values of humankind. It is stated that historical, cultural, artistic, ontological, existential values and meanings explicated in the poetic canon of Maksim Bogdanovich became an important part of spiritual dimension, cultural integration, harmonization of social relations. A distinctive feature of the poet’s appeal to the canonical art form is securing for it the role of a symbolic consolidating referential sign designed to form a “cultural consciousness”, to instill the sense of general aesthetized ethnocultural unity, to serve as a means of spiritual integration and national consolidation of society.

scholarly journals Liturgiese identiteitsvorming as antwoord op die invloed van die verbruikerskultuur

2000 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. De Klerk
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
African Culture ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
The New Testament ◽  
Show Business ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Point Of Departure

The formation of liturgical identity in response to the influence of a consumer culture Liturgy in South Africa is continually interacting with the Western cultural heritage on the one hand, and increasingly with African culture on the other hand. However, another powerful influence on the local liturgy springs from the so-called global consumer culture. A few characteristics of the latter are inter alia the following: The emphasis on what the “buyer”, the worshipper and “potential” worshipper prefer; a show business attitude resulting in transforming members of the congregation into spectators rather than participants. Furthermore the emphasis is on the pursuit of effectiveness and the utilisation of technology to attain it and the focus is specifically on the needs of the individual and not on those of the community. The continual formation of liturgical identity is the answer to the mainly detrimental cultural processes currently manifesting themselves. The point of departure in forming a cultural identity implies an in-depth study of the liturgical guidelines indicated in the Old and the New Testament and the historical development of liturgy, especially in the second, sixteenth and twentieth centuries. The following aspects should, however, also be taken into consideration: the contemporary characteristics of the local indigenous culture, beauty of God, relationship between liturgy and culture, multi-cultural enrichment of liturgy, missionary aim and eschatological focus of liturgy.

scholarly journals EKSISTENSI KAMPUNG ADAT DI SUMBA TENGAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Nyoman Arisanti
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The People

This study aims to see how traditional villages become a marker of the cultural identity of the people of Central Sumba, and also to determine the ideology that exists within traditional villages, and other factors that also lies behind that. The theory used to examine this research problem are semiotic theory, ideological theory, and theory practices. Data collection techniques were carried out by interviews, observations, documentation, and surveys. Data analysis techniques used contextual analysis and comparative analysis. The cultural identity of the peoples of Central Sumba are characterized by traditional houses, rituals of marapu, and megalithic traditions. The existence of traditional villages in Central Sumba is motivated by the ideology of marapu. Besides that, the Regional Government of Central Sumba Regency also gives efforts to preserve traditional villages. The way the indigenous community overcomes resistance and adaptation are the main points in maintaining the existence of traditional villages. Tradisi megalitik di Sumba tidak terlepas dari komunitas adat yang melangsungkan tradisi marapu. Komunitas adat di Sumba Tengah hidup dalam suatu kawasan yang disebut kampung adat. Perkembangan globalisasi telah menyebabkan agama-agama modern masuk ke dalam tatanan masyarakat Sumba. Meskipun demikian, komunitas adat tetap eksis ditengah pergulatan modernitas yang cenderung mengikis kebudayan-kebudayaan lokal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana kampung adat menjadi penanda identitas budaya masyarakat Sumba. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui ideologi dibalik tetap eksisnya kampung adat dan faktor-faktor lain yang melatar belakangi eksistensi kampung adat di Sumba Tengah. Teori yang digunakan untuk mengkaji masalah penelitian ini adalah teori semiotika, teori ideologi, dan teori praktik yang digunakan secara eklektik. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan survei untuk membandingkan tradisi dan tinggalan budaya antar kampung adat. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan analisis kontekstual dan analisis komparatif. Identitas budaya masyarakat Sumba Tengah ditandai dengan rumah adat, ritual marapu, dan tradisi megalitik. Eksistensi kampung adat di Sumba Tengah didukung oleh ideologi marapu. Selain itu, perkembangan industri pariwisata Sumba Tengah telah menjadikan kampung adat sebagai objek wisata handalan, yang berperan dalam menjaga eksistensi komunitas di kampung adat. Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Sumba Tengah, juga turut berperan dalam upaya pelestarian kampung adat dengan melakukan langkah-langkah pelestarian budaya. Cara komunitas adat mengatasi resistensi dan adaptasi terhadap perkembangan agama-agama modern menjadi kunci utama dalam menjaga eksistensi kampung adat di Sumba Tengah.

scholarly journals Jesuit Upbringing as Prevention Against Fundamentalism, Bigotry and Pharisaism

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (56) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
Lukáš Jeník
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Jesuit Education ◽  
Critical Education ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Humanist Education ◽  
Philosophical Criticism

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The objective of the work is presenting the pseudoreligion F hypothesis created by a Czech theologian, sociologist and philosopher Tomáš Halík. The second part of the text presents the challenges of Jesuit upbringing which can be understood as a possible strategy and prevention against the pseudoreligion F. RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS:Pseudoreligion F is a hypothesis through which Tomáš Halík interprets similarities among several pathological phenomena of the contemporary social culture as well as Christian religiosity. The key solution is the critical education and dialogue. It is the system of Jesuit education that can be understood as a tested preventive strategy. Critical analysis of the beginnings of Jesuit education shows that this is still a valid method of teaching and upbringing. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION:In the first part of the work, the pseudoreligion F hypothesis was presented, as well as some related theses. The objective of the first part is describing the sociological and philosophical criticism of contemporary religious pathologies. In the second part of the text, we will focus on the key tasks and challenges of Jesuit pedagogy. RESEARCH RESULTS:Contemporary religious pathologies threaten Christianity as they distort the ideals of the Gospel to achieve short-term goals. In the context of Christianity, such pathologies also include clericalism and, more broadly, pharisaism. Critical thinking about these issues encourages us to search for strategies that can help “extinguish the fire.” One of such strategies is integral humanist education which is also represented by Jesuit education. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS: Despite the ambiguity of this term, critical thinking is considered to be the key tool for preventing fanaticism, fundamentalism, extremism, etc. The research is to show that critical education mainly refers to the complexity and integral anthropological line. Education and Jesuit education has a rich tradition based on the Ignatian and Jesuit spirituality. 

. The importance of studying “Hfilosophy of science” in the master’s program of technical universities

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-133
Author(s):  
N.A. Tsareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
Master's Program ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Educational Paradigm ◽  
Contemporary Education

The review of the topic is based on rapidly growing technicalization of the world and necessity to include this aspect as a fundamental for engineering education. Technical reality changes attitude to engineer’ competences and knowledge, concept of «engineering thinking», and responsibility of the engineering community. An engineer, creating a technique, has technical power in a man-made society. The desire to overcome the technocratic nature of education resulted in the need for philosophical thoroughness of engineering and technical education. The educational paradigm is in line with the development of scientific knowledge. The article draws attention to the connection between modern paradigm of scientific development and humanitarian component of contemporary education system. The synergistic convergent paradigm of scientific knowledge of the postmodern era is characterized by an interdisciplinary direction of scientific research: the integration of scientific, technical, natural science and socio-humanitarian knowledge. The anthropological perspective of philosophy reinforces its importance in solving the problems of interaction between man and technology. The analysis of scientific literature helped the author to synthesize ideas about the role of philosophy in the modern paradigm of knowledge. The authenticity of the article lies in the author's justification of the most important reasons for studying the discipline «Philosophy of Science» in the master's program of technical universities.

scholarly journals On the pivotal basis of the educational paradigm of the 21st century

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-69
Author(s):  
Mikhail I. Mukhin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Educational Paradigm ◽  
Methodological Principles

Relevance. The modern world is special. Our country is not an exception. The domestic education has also become different. Besides, it is obvious that reliance only on the conventional theoretical and methodological principles does not always lead to the desired result. In this regard, the issue of changing the educational paradigm is becoming more acute. The goal-oriented functional basis of such paradigm can be humanization, since it is a solid foundation for the harmonious development of a person, the growth of his/her essential forces and abilities at the new historical stage of social evolution. The research problem is the following: Earthlings are faced with the daunting problem of building optimal relationships between a human and a human, a human and the society. This challenge impels pedagogical science and educational practice to search for foundations that will contribute to resolving the contradictions between separateness and wholeness, isolation and unity, chaos and harmony. The aim of the study is to reveal the essence of humanization as the pivotal basis of the educational paradigm corresponding to the peculiarities of the social evolution in the 21st century. The research methodology consists in the conceptual provisions of humanistic pedagogy, anthropological and learner-centered. The specific methodological tools involved the principles of historicism, integrity, consistency, movement from the general to the particular and unique. The study also considered content-structural, activity-based, sociocultural and system-functional principles. The research methods comprised the study of monographic and scientific-methodical works, educational practice, along with their analysis, identification of special phenomena at the new stage of historical development, substantiation of the findings and interpretation of the suggested ideas. Results and discussion. The article gives a brief review of creating educational paradigms at different stages of social evolution, reveals their essence and identifies groups of principles covering various aspects of school’s functioning. It is emphasized that the implementation of these principles will ensure the humanization of training and nurturing. The paper also defines the key characteristics of the pedagogical process, designed in accordance with the conceptual provisions of the humanistic paradigm, outlines the main sets of interrelated tasks facing the education of the 21st century and substantiates the idea that humanism is the pivotal basis for the educational paradigm of the present century. The most discussed aspects of the problem are practice-oriented issues related to developing the content of humanistic education which would contribute to the formation of the basic humanistic worldview of students. Conclusion. The presented work reveals, generalizes and interprets the ideas of the humanistic tradition that underlie the educational paradigm of the 21st century. Among the leading development trends of the modern education, humanization is proved to be its cornerstone, corresponding to the peculiarities of social evolution at the current historical stage.

scholarly journals FUNGSI RAGAM HIAS TEMPAYAN MARTAVAN PADA MASYARAKAT TIONGHOA JAKARTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-136
Author(s):  
Diyah Wara Restiyati
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Chinese Society ◽  
Chinese Community ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Anthropological Approach ◽  
Data Collection Technique

Tempayan martavan merupakan warisan budaya yang merepresentasikan identitas budaya Tionghoa terutama dengan ragam hias yang digambarkan pada permukaan wadah tersebut. Penelitian ini mengangkat permasalahan tentang fungsi ragam hias tempayan martavan. Apakah masyarakat Tionghoa memfungsikan tempayan martavan sesuai dengan makna nilai-nilai luhur dari ragam hiasnya? Berdasarkan dari pertanyaan tersebut, penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui fungsi dan makna ragam hias yang terkait dengan kepercayaan leluhur masyarakat Tionghoa di Jakarta. Penelitian mengenai tempayan martavan ini menggunakan pendekatan antropologi simbolik untuk mengetahui motif, pola, ragam hias, nilai filosofi dan fungsi martavan di dalam masyarakat Tionghoa di Jakarta. Teknik pengambilan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam dan pengamatan terlibat serta kajian pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada masyarakat Tionghoa di Jakarta, ragam hias ini mengandung makna nilai-nilai luhur dalam kepercayaan, yaitu Buddha, Khong Hu Cu dan Tao (disebut dengan Tridharma/Sam Kauw). Martavan as a cultural heritage represent cultural identity of Chinese, mostly with the motifs in its surface. This research problem appoint the function of ornamental variety on martavan jars. Did the Chinese put into function the martavan jars according to the meaning of the noble values of the decoration? Based on these questions, the research was conducted to determine the function and meaning of decorative styles associated with the ancestral beliefs of the Chinese community in Jakarta. This research used a symbolic anthropological approach to confirm the motives, patterns, decorations, philosophical values and functions of martavan in Chinese society in Jakarta. The data collection technique in this study used in-depth interview, observation and literature review. The results showed that in the Chinese community of Jakarta, this decoration contains the meaning of noble values in belief, namely Buddha, Confucianism and Taoism (called Tridharma/Sam Kauw).

scholarly journals Electronic learning at a university as a new educational paradigm

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
I.A. Udzhukhu ◽  
R.K. Meshvez
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Learning ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Teaching Aids ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Educational Paradigm

The main task of the state social policy is formation of a digital society, the development of the digital economy as an urgent sphere of people's life. This has led to the transition of many areas to digital technologies: education, healthcare, services, etc. Objective circumstances of the global scale of spring 2019, associated with the widespread spread of coronavirus infection has caused optimization of distant educational technologies. The implementation of the new idea of e-education is inextricably linked with the process of its digitalization. The research problem: what are the factors of e-learning as a new educational paradigm in a university? The purpose of the research is to reveal the essence of e-learning at a university, its goals, components and functions. The research methodology is composed of a set of methods of scientific knowledge: generalization, analysis, synthesis. The research results. Theoretical and methodological prerequisites for the digitalization of education as a new educational paradigm have been revealed; the functions of digital education have been defined; technology brands of e-education have been identified; the concept of «digital literacy» has been disclosed. Key findings: e-learning is an innovative educational paradigm based on the transformation of the educational process (change in guidelines, organizational and managerial forms, technologies, teaching aids) and the use of a digital educational environment; e-education serves as a tool, an environment that opens up new learning opportunities through the use of technology brands (cloud technologies, online courses, «mobile» learning, adaptive learning, artificial intelligence, behavioral analytics, gamification). The research results can be used for further theoretical and methodological substantiation of the problem of e-learning in higher education, and in activities of modern scientific and pedagogical workers in the context of digitalization of the educational space.

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