Decreasing Labor Pain through Sacralist Counter-pressure Therapy Using Tennis Ball in the Mother during the Labor Process

BACKGROUND: Labor pain is a physiological process caused by the contraction of uterus muscle as an effort to open the cervix and push the baby’s head toward the pelvis. One of the treatments giving by nurses to reduce the pain is by counter-pressure therapy. AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of counter-pressure therapy using tennis balls toward the pain level in the first stage during the active phase of labor. METHODS: It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest one group design. The population in this study was patients with active phase I delivery in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital of Temanggung. A total of 26 respondents were selected through purposive sampling technique. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon matched paired test. RESULTS: The pain intensity in 26 respondents (100%) in the first stage during the active phase of labor before the treatment was categorized as severe pain. However, after the implementation of the counter-pressure therapy using tenis ball, the pain intensity was categorized as moderate in 18 respondents (69.2%) and severe in the rest of the respondents (30.8%). CONCLUSION: Counter-pressure massage therapy using a tennis ball was effective in reducing the level of pain in the first stage during the active phase of labor with a p = 0.000 (α < 0.05).

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Efektivitas Latihan Birth Ball Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif pada Primigravida

Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan Indonesia ◽

10.21927/jnki.2017.5(1).1-10 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Ade Kurniawati ◽

Djaswadi Dasuki ◽

Farida Kartini

Keyword(s):

Pain Intensity ◽

Family Support ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Active Phase ◽

Labor Pain ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

First Stage Of Labor

Some problems may appear due to childbirth, such as discomfort, fear and pain. Particularly for pain in the first stage of labor, it can be severe and takes place a longer time, thus, pain management is necessary. Birth ball exercise is one of nonpharmacological methods to reduce labor pain.This was a quasi-experimental study to determine the effectiveness of birth ball exercise isone of nonpharmacological methodstowards the reduction of labor pain in the active phase of the first stage of labor in primigravida. Thirty eight women were recruited with consecutive sampling technique, divided into 2 groups, the treatment group given ball birth exercise in active phase of the first stage for 30 minutes for two times and the control group not given the exercise. The bivariable analysis was conducted with correlation and t-test, while the multivariable analysis used linear regression. The results showed that the mean labor pain in the group given birth ball exercise was lower 4.5 than that in the control group at 5.4 with a p-value of 0.01. The extraneous variables that influenced labor pain were anxiety, husband and family support with a p-value of <0.05. The multivariate analysis using Model 4 obtained an R² value of 0.49, which means that the birth ball exercise and husband and family support contributed to labor pain equal to 49%.There were significant differences in pain intensity in active phase of the first stage of labor between primigravida who practiced birth ball exercise and those who did not. The pain intensity was lower in women practicing birth ball exercise than that in those who did not.

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MASSAGE COUNTER PRESSURE AND MASSAGE EFFLEURAGE EFFECTIVELY REDUCE LABOR PAIN

Jurnal Ilmiah Perawat Manado (Juiperdo) ◽

10.47718/jpd.v7i1.797 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 20-32

Author(s):

Matilda Paseno ◽

Rosmina Situngkir ◽

Heny Pongantung ◽

Febriana Wulandari ◽

Desi Astria

Keyword(s):

Alternative Hypothesis ◽

Sample Selection ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Labor Pain ◽

P Value ◽

Tennis Ball ◽

Test Results ◽

Mother And Child ◽

Post Test ◽

Special Hospital

Background: Untreated pain can cause death in both mother and baby because pain can cause breathing and the mother's heart rate to increase which causes blood flow and oxygen to the placenta to be disrupted. Counterpressure massage which is a strong pressure massage by putting the heel of the hand or a flat part of the hand, or also using a tennis ball. Aims: of this study was to determine the differences in the effectiveness of counterpressure massage with massage effleurage against first stage labor pain in the Special Hospital of the Mother and Child Pertiwi Makassar area. Method: This study uses a Quasi Experiment research method with a pre-test post-test control design approach. The sample selection is done by consecutive sampling technique, the number of samples is 20 respondents (10 respondents for counterpressure massage and 10 respondents for massage effleurage). Data were processed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: From the data analysis, the results obtained p-value = 0.009. Discussion: This shows that the value of p <α, then the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. Conclusion: counterpressure massage is more effective than massage effleurage to reduce labor pain in the first stage.

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TERAPI ENDORPHIN MASSAGE UNTUK MENURUNKAN INTENSITAS NYERI KALA 1 FASE AKTIF PERSALINAN

Jurnal SMART Kebidanan ◽

10.34310/sjkb.v4i2.117 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Rr. Catur Leny W ◽

Machfudloh Machfudloh

Keyword(s):

Pain Intensity ◽

Active Phase ◽

Labor Pain ◽

Rank Test ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Spearman Rank ◽

Group Design ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Scale 8

ABSTRAK Nyeri persalinan dapat menimbulkan stres yang menyebabkan pelepasan hormon yang berlebihan seperti katekolamin dan steroid. Endorphin Massage merupakan sebuah terapi sentuhan/pijatan ringan yang cukup penting diberikan pada wanita hamil, di waktu menjelang hingga saatnya melahirkan. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh Endorphin Massage terhadap intensitas nyeri kala I fase aktif pada persalinan. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif quasi eksperimental design, dengan rancangan yang digunakan adalah posttest only control group design dengan sampel 30 responden diambil dengan menggunakan teknik Acidental sampling di BPM Wilayah Puskesmas Demak. Data yang digunakan data primer dengan instrument berupa lembar checklist. Analisa data menggunakan uji Spearman Rank. Hasil Penelitian ada pengaruh pemberian Terapi Endorphin Massage terhadap intensitas nyeri kala I fase aktif persalinan yaitu didapatkan hasil p<0,05 yaitu p=0,004. Simpulan intesitas nyeri responden sebelum dilakukan Endorphin Massage sebagian besar responden mengalami nyeri berat dengan skala 8-9, Intesitas nyeri responden setelah dilakukan Endorphin Massage sebagian besar responden mengalami nyeri sedang dengan skala 6-7. Ada pengaruh Endorphin Massage terhadap intensitas nyeri kala I fase aktif pada persalinan. Kata kunci : Endorphin massage; Intensitas nyeri; Persalinan ENDORPHIN MASSAGE THERAPY TO REDUCE THE INTENSITY OF PAIN DURING THE ACTIVE PHASE OF LABOR ABSTRACT Birth pain may cause stress that lead tobring out excessive hormones such as catecholamines and steroids. Endorphin massage is a touch therapy orgentlemassage which is important enough for pregnant women before giving birth. The aim of this research is to know the effect of Endorphin Massageonpain intensity during active phase of first stage in labor. This research uses quantitative quasi experimental design, with the design used is posttest for control group design. Independent variable is endorphin massage.Variable dependent is pain intensity of acitivephase of first stage in labor, with 30 respondents of sample wich is taken by using technique of Acidental sampling. This research took a place in BPM area of public health center Demak. The data was gathered through observation using checklist form. The data was analyzed using Spearman Rank test. The result of the research is there is an effect of Endorphin Massage onpain intensity of acitivephase of first stage in labor withp <0,05, p = 0,004. The conclusion is most of respondents had severe pain with scale 8-9before Endorphin Massage, and most of the respondentshad moderate pain with scale 6-7after Endorphin Massage. There is an effect of Endorphin Massage on pain intensity of acitivephase of first stage in labor. Keywords: Endorphin massage; Labor; Pain Intensity

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EFFECT OF EFFLEURAGE TECHNIQUES TO INTENSITY PAIN ON DELIVERING BABY AT 1st PERIOD ACTIVE PHASE Of MOTHERS DELIVERING BABY IN BPM Hj.NINIK ARTINGSIH.,SST.M.Kes BLOOTO DISTRICT MOJOKERTO

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCIENCE (IJNMS) ◽

10.29082/ijnms/2017/vol1.iss2.50 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 104-110

Author(s):

Ariu Dewi Yanti ◽

Rina Mardiyana Mardiyana

Keyword(s):

Pain Intensity ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Active Phase ◽

Labor Pain ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

P Value ◽

Test Design ◽

Post Test ◽

Experimental Type ◽

First Stage Of Labor

The pain on delivering baby was experienced by most women, this pain is unique and different for every individual. Non-pharmacological pain control becomes cheaper, simple, and effective and without adverse effects, one of which is the technique effleurage. Effleurage of the abdomen is one of the non-pharmacological methods which are usually used in the Lamaze method to reduce pain in normal labor. This research aimed to determine the effect of effleurage technique on active phase of the first stage of labor pain intensity on maternal in private midwife Hj.Ninik Artiningsih.,SST.M.Kes Blooto District Mojokerto Regency. Research design was pre experimental type one group pre-test post test design. Its population were all women giving birth in BPM Hj.Ninik Artiningsih.,SST.M.Kes, SST Blooto distric Mojokerto Regency amount 17 people. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling to obtain 15 samples. Data analysis used was Wilcoxon test with P value <0.05. It means that there was effect of effleurage technique on active phase of the first stage of labor pain intensity on maternal in private midwife Hj.Ninik Artiningsih.,SST.M.Kes Blooto District Mojokerto Regency. Gently cares the abdomen effected in pain that transmitted will be inhibited, it effected in the cerebral cortex does not receive the response message so that the pain decreased pain

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Touch and Massage on Labor Pain Intensity During First Stage of Active Phase

INDONESIAN NURSING JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND CLINIC (INJEC) ◽

10.24990/injec.v5i1.282 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 76

Author(s):

Irna Nursanti ◽

Dewi Anggraini ◽

Ari Purwaninigsih

Keyword(s):

Pain Intensity ◽

Massage Therapy ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Active Phase ◽

Nursing Intervention ◽

Labor Pain ◽

Verbal Description ◽

Control Group ◽

Significant Difference

Introduction: Labor pain is a challenging issue for nurses designing intervention protocols. Touch and massage therapy is one of non-pharmacology approaches that they could do during labor process. The study was conducted to assess the effectiveness in reducing pain intensity scale on the labor during first stage of active phase. Methods: A quasi-experimental approach was conducted and a purposive sampling technique was used to recruit 56 women who expected to have normal childbirth at a public hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. They randomly assigned to either received touch and massage intervention (experiment) or not (control). The labor pain intensity was using Verbal Description Scale (VDS) with descriptive statistics, paired, and independent t-test. Results: The result showed that touch and massage therapy had a significant impact on the experimental group (tcalI 2.839, p<0.05). A significant difference also showed among the experimental dan control group during pre-test (tcalI 1.817, p>0.05) and post-test (tcalI 10.77, p<0.05). The study found that a combination of touch and massage therapy was effective to reduce labor pain during active stage. Conclusions: Touch and massage therapy can reduce labor pain intensity, and at the same time serve as closeness and encouragement during the first stage of active phase. It is a cost-effective nursing intervention and can positively influence the quality of women’s birth experiences.

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The Effect of Sundanese Instrumental Music Therapy and The Provision of Spicy Drinks on Pain Intensity and Labor Duration

Journal of Midwifery ◽

10.25077/jom.6.1.23-34.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Ni Gusti Made Ayu Agung Budhi ◽

Ni Nyoman Sasnitiari

Keyword(s):

Music Therapy ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Instrumental Music ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Active Phase ◽

Labor Pain ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental

The pain in labor due to contractions and the process of expelling the baby cannot be avoided by the mother. One way to reduce pain intensity non-pharmacologically is music therapy and the provision of spice drinks. music therapy can reduce stress and anxiety levels, especially during childbirth, while herbal drinks derived from ginger are analgesic, as well as cinnamon and cloves, can relieve pain. The research method is “Quasi experimental pre-post test with control group design. The intervention group was Sundanese instrumental music therapy with spice drinks and the control group was only given spice drinks, which was carried out on mothers giving birth during an active phase. The population is all mothers giving birth in BPM Bogor area. The sample size of the average difference test of two paired groups is 15 respondents in each group. The results showed a decrease in labor pain in the active phase of the first stage in the intervention group with p = 0.016. This shows that there is an effect of giving music therapy and spice drinks on the intensity of labor pain as assessed by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and there is no significant change in the decrease in labor pain during the active phase of labor, in the control group (p>0.05). There was no significant result on the length of labor with p = 0.439 (p > 0.05). This means that both the control and intervention groups did not show a difference in the time/length of labor

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EFFECT OF EFFLEURAGE TECHNIQUES TO INTENSITY PAIN ON DELIVERING BABY AT 1st PERIOD ACTIVE PHASE Of MOTHERS DELIVERING BABY IN BPM Hj.NINIK ARTINGSIH.,SST.M.Kes BLOOTO DISTRICT MOJOKERTO

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY SCIENCE (IJNMS) ◽

10.29082/ijnms/2017/vol1/iss2/50 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 104-110

Author(s):

Ariu Dewi Yanti ◽

Rina Mardiyana Mardiyana

Keyword(s):

Pain Intensity ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Active Phase ◽

Labor Pain ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

P Value ◽

Test Design ◽

Post Test ◽

Experimental Type ◽

First Stage Of Labor

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Pengaruh Teknik Relaksasi Nafas Dalam terhadap Intensitas Nyeri pada Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif di PMB Y Karawang

Jurnal Akademika Baiturrahim Jambi ◽

10.36565/jab.v10i2.388 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 385

Author(s):

Imelda Diana Marsilia ◽

Nina Tresnayanti

Keyword(s):

Pain Intensity ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Active Phase ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

P Value ◽

Relaxation Techniques ◽

Deep Breath ◽

Signed Rank ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental

Mothers who are facing the labor process will feel pain related to uterine contractions, various ways have done to reduce pain, namely by non-pharmacological techniques, including deep breathing relaxation, massage, changes in the mother's position so that labor can run safely and comfortably. This study aims to determine the effect of deep breath relaxation techniques on pain intensity in the active phase of labor. This research is a quasi-experimental design approach method pre test and post test. The sampling technique used accidental sampling as many as 28 mothers had birth in July - August BPM Y Karawang. The results of the data normality statistical test used the Shapiro-Wilk test. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon test obtained signed rank p value 0.0000 <0.05. The conclusion are that there are an effect of deep breath relaxation techniques on decreasing the pain intensity of the active phase of labor. The suggestion of this study is that deep breath relaxation techniques can be recommended as a complementary tearpie and applied to relieve pain during labor, so that labor can run smoothly

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Massage Counterpressure, Massage Effleurage dan Murothal Efektif Menurunkan Nyeri Persalinan Primigravida Kala 1 Fase Aktif

SIMFISIS Jurnal Kebidanan Indonesia ◽

10.53801/sjki.v1i1.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 44-52

Author(s):

Safinatul Ummah

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Active Phase ◽

Labor Pain ◽

P Value ◽

Birth Process ◽

Face Scale ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Fear And Anxiety ◽

Stage 1 ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Labor pain is a physiological condition experienced by the mother during the birth process. The impact of labor pain if left untreated will cause fear and anxiety then it will cause stress and the delivery time will be long. Counterpressure massage, effleurage and murottal are non-pharmacological measures to reduce labor pain. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is an effectiveness of Counterpressure Massage, Massage Effleurage, Murohlah Against the Reduction of Primigravida Stage 1 Labor at BPM “M”.Method: This research method is quantitative using a quasi- experimental research design. The population in this study were all primigravida mothers in the first phase of labor in the active phase of the Midwife M BPM, amounting to 30 respondents. sample in this study were 30 . The sampling technique uses total sampling because the number of population is relatively small, 30. The instrument used is a face scale sheet. Data processing using computerized, with univariate and bivariate data analysis.Result: T-dependent massage counterpressure test results obtained p- value = 0,000 <0.05, massage effect p-value 0.001 <0.05, and for murothal p-value 0.010 <0.05. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the counterpressure, effleurage and murothal at BPM Midwife M affect labor pain. With this research, it is expected that BPM will further increase efforts to reduce the level of pain with this research.Conclution: It is expected that in midwives M midwives will perform counterpressure massage treatments for each delivery patient so as to improve the quality of service.

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REDUCING LABOR PAIN WITH WARM COMPRESS ON THE 1ST STAGE LABOR OF ACTIVE LABOR PHASE

Indonesian Midwifery and Health Sciences Journal ◽

10.20473/imhsj.v4i4.2020.295-305 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 295

Author(s):

Talitha Aslamiyah ◽

Gatut Hardiato ◽

Kating Kasiati

Keyword(s):

Sampling Technique ◽

Active Phase ◽

Pain Scale ◽

T Test ◽

Labor Pain ◽

Physical Contact ◽

P Value ◽

Test Results ◽

Active Labor ◽

Pharmacological Method

AbstractBackground: Labor pain is a visceral nociceptive pain caused by contraction and dilatation of the cervix. This condition affects the mother physically and psychologically. Pain that cannot be handled alone will cause anxiety and stress. Various techniques have been used to reduce pain during labor, which reduce emotional stress, increase calm, and physical contact while reducing pain. Warm compresses are a non-pharmacological method that can reduce labor pain. In addition, warm compresses are also a method that is cheap, simple, safe, and effective, without adverse side effects, and in accordance with the competence of midwives. This study aims to determine the effect of warm compresses in the first stage of the active phase on reducing labor pain. Methods: This research method is pre experimental designs with one group pretest-posttest research design. The number of samples as many as 10 maternity with purposive sampling sampling technique. This research was conducted in September-October 2019. Data analysis used the dependent T test. Results: The results showed that based on the results of the dependent t-Test test, the p value / Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.005, <0.05, thus there is a significant (significant) decrease between the average labor pain before which is 8.12 and after warm compresses is 6.86. Thus, there is an effect of warm compresses during the first stage of the active phase on reducing labor pain. Conclusion: There is an effect of warm compresses on decreasing labor pain scale.

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