Effects of the Additives and Current Density on the Electrodeposition Behavior and Mechanical Properties of the Ni-SiC Composite Coatings

2007 ◽  
Vol 345-346 ◽  
pp. 1533-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teck Su Oh ◽  
Jae Ho Lee ◽  
Ji Young Byun ◽  
Tae Sung Oh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sic Particles ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Sulfamate Bath

In Ni-SiC composite coating, the SiC content is dependent on the surface properties of SiC particles. As sulfuric acid has a strong dehydration force, addition of sulfuric acid in the Ni sulfamate bath changed the surface properties of SiC particles, affecting the codeposition behavior of SiC particles. Also the additives such as SDS affect the electrodeposition behavior of the Ni-SiC composite coating. In this study, effects of the HSO4 ‾ and the current density on the electrodeposition behavior of the Ni-SiC composite coating have been investigated. The Ni-SiC composite coatings were electrodeposited at current densities of 50~200mA/cm2. The surface and cross-sectional morphologies of the Ni-SiC composite coatings were observed using SEM, and their mechanical properties were characterized with micro-Vikers hardness.

Preparation and Numerical Simulation of Ni-SiC Composite Coatings Deposited by Electrodeposition

2014 ◽  
Vol 543-547 ◽  
pp. 3707-3710
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Composite Coating ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Pulse Current ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Duty Ratio ◽  
Sic Particles ◽  
Ultrasonic Parameters ◽  
Steel Substrates ◽  
Sic Coatings

In order to investigate and predict effects of preparation parameters on wear mass loss of Ni-SiC composite coatings, Ni coatings and Ni-SiC composite coatings were prepared on steel substrates by electrodeposition process. The results showed that the contents of SiC particles increased with density of pulse current and on-duty ratio of pulse current increasing. The predictive curves of wear mass losses predicted by ANN had the similar shapes with the measured curve, and the maximum error was 9.7%. When the current density was between 30 A/dm2 and 50 A/dm2, the wear losses of Ni coatings and Ni-SiC coatings decreased with the increase of current density. SiC particles in a composite coating electrodeposited by ultrasonic parameters were much greater in number and were dispersed homogeneously in the deposit, and the Ni-SiC composite coating exhibited a dense structure.

Effect of variation in SiC loading, current density and bath temperature on coating thickness and tensile strength of Ni-SiC nanocomposite coatings

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-522
Author(s):  
K. Sharma ◽  
A. Seethagirisha
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Coating Thickness ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Bath Temperature ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Sic Particles ◽  
Sic Coatings

The mechanical properties like hardness, tensile strength, wear resistance of electro-co-deposited Ni-SiC coatings are dependent on factors like bath temperature, current density, duration of deposition, amount of SiC particles etc. Ni-SiC nano composite coatings were prepared on a mild steel substrate by electro-co-deposition process. In this study, the effect of electrochemical bath parameters such as bath temperature, current density and SiC loading were varied and effect of this variation on the coating thickness and tensile strength of Ni-SiC composite coating was studied. The experimental results showed that, a uniform deposit thickness was obtained for 3 A/dm2 current density, temperature of 55°C and loading of 4 g/l. A peak value of coating thickness was observed at a current density of 4 A/dm2 from the experiment. The experimental results also showed that, the tensile strength of the composite coating containing SiC the is significantly higher than pure Ni coating and the tensile strength increases with an increase in the percentage of SiC particles in Ni-SiC coatings. The tensile strength of the composite coating increased by nearly about 52% with increasing SiC loading and then decreased.

scholarly journals Effect of Nanodiamond Concentration and the Current Density of the Electrolyte on the Texture and Mechanical Properties of Ni/Nanodiamond Composite Coatings Produced by Electrodeposition

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1105
Author(s):  
Meihua Liu ◽  
Hongnan Liu ◽  
Dongai Wang ◽  
Bing Liu ◽  
Yan Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Test System ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Plating Solution

An Ni/nanodiamond composite coating was deposited on carbon steel in a traditional Watt’s solution without additives via direct current (DC) electroplating. The effects of the nanodiamond concentration and current density in the plating solution on the morphology, grain size, and texture of the Ni/nanodiamond composite coating were observed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The distribution of the nanodiamond particles in the composite coating was investigated by Raman spectra and SEM. The mechanical properties of the composite coating, such as its elastic modulus and hardness, were examined using a Nano Indenter XP nanometer mechanical test system. The coefficient of friction was tested using a Universal Micro-Tribotester. The results demonstrated that the preferential orientation of the Ni/nanodiamond composite coating varied from the (111) crystal orientation of the pure nickel coating to the (200) crystal orientation. When the nanodiamond concentration in the plating solution was 8.0 g/L and the current density was 3.0 A/dm2, the hardness of the composite coating reached the maximum value of 5.302 GPa and the friction factor was maintained at around 0.1. The average grain size of the composite coating was reduced to 20.4 nm.

Study on Electrodeposition of Ni-Graphite Composite Coatings in Sulfamate Bath

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 1546-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Zhu He ◽  
Xiao Wei Zhang ◽  
Xin Li Zhou ◽  
Zhi Hong Fu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Graphite Particle ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Nickel Matrix ◽  
Graphite Composite ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Sulfamate Bath

This paper presented the composite coatings of nickel with graphite particle on the aluminum substrate using a nickel sulfamate bath. Effects of graphite particle concentration on the surface morphologies of the composite coatings were investigated. The inclusion of graphite particle into metal deposits was dependent on many process parameters, including particle concentration, current density, pH and temperature. Results of SEM and XRD demonstrated that graphite particle had successfully deposited on that nickel matrix; besides, the surface morphology of coatings obtained from sulfamate bath containing 2g/L graphite particle dispersed more uniformly than the ones with higher concentration.

scholarly journals Influence of Polyurea Composite Coating on Selected Mechanical Properties of AISI 304 Steel

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Duda ◽  
Joanna Pach ◽  
Grzegorz Lesiuk
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Glass Fabric ◽  
Coated Sample ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Aisi 304 Steel ◽  
The Impact

This paper contains experimental results of mechanical testing of the AISI 304 steel with composite coatings. The main goal was to investigate the impact of the applied polyurea composite coating on selected mechanical properties: Adhesion, impact resistance, static behavior, and, finally, fatigue lifetime of notched specimens. In the paper the following configurations of coatings were tested: EP (epoxy resin), EP_GF (epoxy resin + glass fabric), EP_GF_HF (epoxy resin + glass fabric hemp fiber), EP_PUA (epoxy resin + polyurea) resin, EP_GF_PUA (epoxy resin + glass fabric + polyurea) resin, and EP_GF_HF_PUA (epoxy resin + glass fabric + hemp fiber + polyurea) resin. The highest value of force required to break adhesive bonds was observed for the EP_PUA coating, the smallest for the single EP coating. A tendency of polyurea to increase the adhesion of the coating to the base was noticed. The largest area of delamination during the impact test was observed for the EP_GF_HF coating and the smallest for the EP-coated sample. In all tested samples, observed delamination damage during the pull-off test was located between the coating and the metallic base of the sample.

Electromigration in Solder Joints for High Temperature Flip-Chip Application

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 (DPC) ◽  
pp. 002481-002506
Author(s):  
Mathias Nowottnick ◽  
Andreas Fix
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Flip Chip ◽  
Solder Joints ◽  
Metallographic Analysis ◽  
Solder Alloys ◽  
Directed Movement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
And Migration

The electromigration effects in chip metallization and wire bonds are well known and detailed investigated. Current density could be extremely high because of the small size of the cross sectional area of conductors. This can cause a migration of metal atoms toward the electrical field, so current densities up to 106 A/cm2 are possible. In comparison with chip structures are the usual solder joints of flip chips relatively thick. But the homologue temperature of solder alloys, typically based on tin, is also much higher than for gold or aluminum wires. For instance a SAC solder alloy is naturally preheated up to 0.6 homologue temperature, for high temperature application with 125 °C operating temperature even more than 0.8. This means, that atoms are very agile and a directed movement needs only lower field strength. Additionally is the specific resistance of solder alloys tenfold higher than for aluminum, copper or silver. So is the self-heating of solder joints not negligible. This contribution shows the test results of flip-chip assemblies, loaded with different current densities and stored at 125 °C ambient temperature. At the end of life of a significant number of test chips, a metallographic analysis shows the causing failure effects and weak spots of assemblies. Accompanying simulations help to explain the interaction between current density and migration effects.

scholarly journals Effect of Brazing Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of WC-10Ni + AgCuTi Composite Coatings

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
Xiangping Xu ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Chi Liu ◽  
Jiasheng Zou ◽  
Chunzhi Xia
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Vickers Hardness ◽  
Transition Layer ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Interface Structure ◽  
Copper Surface ◽  
Vacuum Brazing

WC-10Ni + AgCuTi composite coating with WC mass fraction of 40% was prepared on the copper surface by vacuum brazing. The brazing temperatures were 830 °C, 860 °C, 890 °C, and 920 °C. The microstructure, interface structure, and hardness of the coating section were studied. The results showed that the composite coatings obtained at different brazing temperatures were better combined. As the brazing temperature increased, the Ni transition layer wrapped around the WC gradually decreased until it disappeared. The brazing seam gradually thickened, the reaction between the coating and the substrate became more and more intense, and more and more Cu was formed on both sides of the brazing seam. Scanning analysis of the interface between the coating and the substrate showed that the elements W and Ti hardly diffused into the brazing seam and the substrate, and the elements Ag and Cu diffused into the substrate. Finally, the interface between the brazing seam and the substrate was metallurgically bonded. The Vickers hardness results and bond strength results of the composite coatings show that the mechanical properties of the coatings are best when the brazing temperature is 890 °C.

scholarly journals Study on Electromigration Effects and IMC Formation on Cu–Sn Films Due to Current Stress and Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 8893
Author(s):  
Zhao-Ying Wang ◽  
Nhat Minh Dang ◽  
Po-Hsun Wang ◽  
Terry Yuan-Fang Chen ◽  
Ming-Tzer Lin
Keyword(s):  
Intermetallic Compound ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Defect Formation ◽  
Copper Substrate ◽  
Signal Delay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Densities

In this study, the effects of electromigration on a solder/copper substrate due to temperature and current density stress were investigated. The copper–tin (Cu–Sn) film samples were subjected under a fixed current and various heating conditions (130 °C and 180 °C) and current densities (different cross-sectional areas). The micro-structural changes and intermetallic compound (IMC) formation were observed, and failure phenomena (brittle cracks, voids, bumps, etc.) on the structures of samples were discussed. The results showed that the IMC thickness increased as the temperature and current density increased. Moreover, it was found that the higher the temperature and current density was, the greater the defects that were observed. By adjusting the designs of sample structures, the stress from the current density can be decreased, resulting in reduced failure phenomena, such as signal delay, distortion, and short circuiting after long-term use of the material components. A detailed IMC growth mechanism and defect formation were also closely studied and discussed.

Improvement of microstructure and properties of Ni–Al2O3 composite coating via jet electrodeposition

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (27) ◽  
pp. 2050243
Author(s):  
Hui Fan ◽  
Jie Jiang ◽  
Yangpei Zhao ◽  
Shankui Wang ◽  
Zhijing Li
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Coating Structure ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Al2o3 Composite ◽  
Jet Electrodeposition

Ni–Al2O3 composite coatings were prepared with a modified Watt’s bath by using jet electrodeposition method. As the key process parameter, current density and the addition of Al2O3 nanoparticles in electrolyte were studied about the effect on the surface morphology and co-deposition of Al2O3 nanoparticles of composite coating. The mechanical and tribological properties of the composite coating were also tested. The results show that properly increasing the current density and Al2O3 addition can increase the co-deposition of nanoparticles in the coating and promote the formation of a dense and refined coating structure. Using the optimized process parameters of current density (300 A/dm2) and Al2O3 addition (30 g/L), the co-deposition of Al2O3 in the composite coating can reach a maximum of 13.1 at.%. The hardness of the coating reaches the peak at 623 HV. The wear rate of the composite coating is also greatly reduced with optimized parameters.

SURFACE PROPERTIES OF THE IN SITU FORMED CERAMICS REINFORCED COMPOSITE COATINGS ON TI-3AL-2V ALLOYS

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 1250009 ◽  
Author(s):  
PENG LIU ◽  
WEI GUO ◽  
DAKUI HU ◽  
HUI LUO ◽  
YUANBIN ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Composite Coating ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Reinforced Composite

The synthesis of hard composite coating on titanium alloy by laser cladding of Al/Fe/Ni+C/Si3N4 pre-placed powders has been investigated in detail. SEM result indicated that a composite coating with metallurgical joint to the substrate was formed. XRD result indicated that the composite coating mainly consisted of γ- (Fe, Ni) , FeAl , Ti3Al , TiC , TiNi , TiC0.3N0.7 , Ti2N , SiC , Ti5Si3 and TiNi . Compared with Ti-3Al-2V substrate, an improvement of the micro-hardness and the wear resistance was observed for this composite coating.

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