scholarly journals In vivo study of Rasa Bhasma on CCL4 induced Hepato-toxicity in Albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 918-921
Author(s):  
Abhiram S P ◽  
Oorvi Kulkarni ◽  
Chinky Goyal ◽  
Amrit Malik
Keyword(s):  
Medical Science ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Liver Disorders ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Group I ◽  
Serum Glutamate

India stands 27th in rank with 25.8% of death rate due to Liver diseases in 2016. In spite of scientific advancement in the field of Hepatology, Bio-medical science is clueless in finding out an effective drug against Hepatic Disorders. Detailed description on liver disorders and their management are given by all the three prominent Acharyas of Ayurveda. Rasa Bhasma is one such preparation that can be used to treat Hepatic Disorders. In present work an attempt has been made to evaluate the efficacy of Rasa Bhasma in the management of liver disorders. 24 animals were allocated into 4 groups having six animals in each group namely Group I (Normal/Control), Group II (Intoxicated Control) Toxicated Group, Group III (lower dose of Rasa Bhasma) and Group IV (Higher dose of Rasa Bhasma). All the four group were assessed for various biochemical Parameters viz. Alkaline phosphatase, SGOT (Serum glutamate oxalacetate transaminase)/AST, SGPT (Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase)/ALT, Total Bilirubin, Direct Bilirubin and Total Proteins. Finally, the animals from all the four groups were sacrificed for Histo-pathological studies. The results were expressed as mean ± SE and One way ANOVA by using statistical software SPSS version 16.0. Results revealed that the values of Group 4 are closer to the Normal Group1 than Group 3 meaning Rasa Bhasma in Higher dose is more effective than that in lower dose. Therefore, it can be concluded that Rasa Bhasma is a potent Herbo-mineral formulation for protection of hepatic cells.

A Study on the Effect of Samoa Extract (Cleome droserifolia) on Sperm Quality in Male Albino Rats Exposed to Pyrethroid

2021 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Nura I. Al-Zail ◽  
Salah F. Kamies
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Induced Changes

Pyrethroid cyhalothrin (PC) is an insecticide that is used worldwide for pest control in agriculture and household use. Samoa extract (SE) is a potent antioxidant protecting cells from oxidative stress. The present study investigates the protective and therapeutic effect of SE on PC-induced changes in sperm quality in male rats. Fifty adult male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I: served as control; group II: received PC i.p. only (6.2 mg/kg b.wt.); group III: received SE only (100 mg/kg b.wt., p.o.) for eight weeks; group IV: received SE as a protective agent daily for eight weeks, then followed by the administration of PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks; group V: exposed to PC (i.p.) three times a week for two weeks, then treated with the SE daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that PC caused markedly impaired sperm quality (a count, viability, motility, and abnormality). Compared to PC-treated animals, SE in the protective group markedly restored the alteration of sperm indices. However, SE in the curative group was found to be less effective in restoring PC-induced alterations. In conclusion, the data of this study revealed that the SE as a protective agent is more effective than as a therapeutic agent. Keywords: Samoa; Pyrethroid; Sperm quality; Rat

scholarly journals BONE INDUCTION BY BMP-2 EXPRESSING ADENOVIRAL VECTOR IN RATS UNDER TREATMENT WITH FK506

2002 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junya Sonobe ◽  
Kazuhisa Bessho ◽  
Shinji Kaihara ◽  
Yasunori Okubo ◽  
Tadahiko Iizuka
Keyword(s):  
Adenoviral Vector ◽  
Host Immunity ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
The Right

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) expressing adenoviral vector in vivo. The day before vector injection, immunosuppressant FK506 was given subcutaneously to each rat at doses of 12 mg/kg (Group I), 6 mg/kg (Group II) and 3 mg/kg (Group III). FK506 was not administered to the six rats of the control group. Twenty-five liters of AXCAOBMP-2 (3.93 × 109pfu/ml) were injected into the right calf muscle of all rats. On day 21 after vector injection, all groups were investigated radiologically, histologically, and biochemically. Osteoinduction was seen in the AxCAOBMP-2-injected groups with immunosuppression. However, no bone formation was observed in the control group. These findings suggest that AxCAOBMP-2 has the potential of osteoinduction under transient immunosuppression. AxCAOBMP-2 may be useful for future clinical application in bone reconstruction, if host immunity response can be regulated.

scholarly journals Differential Expression of CD3, TNF-α, and VEGF Induced by Olanzapine on the Spleen of Adult Male Albino Rats and the Possible Protective Role of Vitamin C

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Sahar Youssef ◽  
Marwa Salah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
White Pulp ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group Ii

Olanzapine is an antipsychotic drug effective in the treatment of stress-associated psychiatric illnesses, but its effect on the spleen remains unclear. Vitamin C is essential for the optimum function of the immune system. We aim to investigate the effect of Olanzapine on spleen structures and to assess the protective effect of vitamin C. Forty adult male albino rats were divided into four groups: group (I), a control; group (II), rats were given vitamin C at 40 mg/kg body weight; group (III), rats were given Olanzapine at 2 mg/kg body weight; and group (IV), rats were given vitamin C and Olanzapine at the same dose of group (II) and group (III) for one month. The hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) of the olanzapine treated group showed focal areas of cellular depletion and a decrease in the size of the white pulp. The red pulp was expanded and showed marked congestion and dilatation of blood sinusoids. Cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) was significantly reduced, however both tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly higher. The administration of vitamin C repaired structural and immunohistochemical changes via increased CD3 and decreased TNF-α and VEGF. Therefore, the oxidative and the inflammatory pathways may be the possible mechanisms underlying olanzapine immunotoxicity. Vitamin C exerted immune modulator and antioxidant effects against olanzapine.

scholarly journals Effect of Sofosbuvir Administration and Its Withdrawal on the Submandibular Salivary Gland of Adult Male Albino Rats: A Histological and Ultra-Structural Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 4101-4109
Author(s):  
Asmaa Mahmoud Abdeen ◽  
Tarik Essawy ◽  
Saher Sayed Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Submandibular Salivary Gland ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Histological Results

BACKGROUND: Sofosbuvir (SOF) was published in 2013 as a part of first-line treatments for hepatitis C virus (HCV); it has activity against all genotypes with extrahepatic adverse effects have recently arisen. AIM: Investigating sofosbuvir-induced alterations in the rat submandibular salivary gland (SMSG). METHODS: A group of 80 adult albino rats weighing about ± 150 gm were used in the experiment. The rats were divided into 3 groups: Group I (control group) received distilled water, Group II (experimental group) divided into 2 subgroups and received SOF 40 mg/kg/day dissolved in distilled water for 1 and 3 months and Group III (recovery group) allowed for 1 month of recovery after SOF withdrawal. All animals were sacrificed; the SMSG was dissected, and specimens were examined histologically and ultra-structurally. RESULTS: Compared to Group I, Group II subgroup (1) showed acinar and ductal vacuolisation, discontinuity of the epithelial lining associated with retained secretion and congested blood vessels. These changes were found to be exaggerated in the subgroup (2) accompanied by acinar and ductal shrinkage, interstitial oedema, haemorrhage, chronic inflammatory cells infiltration and loss of gland compactness. Amelioration of the histological changes was detected in Group III after SOF withdrawal. The ultrastructural examination confirmed the histological results. CONCLUSION: SOF had induced apparent alterations in the structure and ultrastructure of SMSG. The SOF-induced alterations were time-dependent, attributed mainly to mitochondrial toxicity and partially ameliorated by its withdrawal.  

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effects of Fenugreek Seeds and Curcumin on Hematotoxicity induced by Nicotine in Male Albino Rats

2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Azab Elsayed Azab ◽  
Mohamed Omar Albasha ◽  
Manal Abuelkasem Elnaif
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group V ◽  
Fenugreek Seeds ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I

The present study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of fenugreek seeds and curcumin on hematotoxicity induced by nicotine in male albino rats. 30 male F-344/NHsd Fischer rats, weighing from 180 to 200g were used in the present study. The animals were divided into five groups (6 rats for each); Group I (control group), Group II (nicotine treated group), Group III (nicotine/fenugreek seeds co-administered), Group IV (nicotine/curcumin co-administered), and Group V (nicotine/curcumin& fenugreek seeds co-administered). At the end of the experimentation and 24 hours after the last dose, all animals were anaesthetized with ether and blood samples were collected by heart puncture. The samples were collected in clean dry tubes containing the anticoagulant substance EDTA and used for the hematological studies. The results showed that the animals treated with nicotine for 4 weeks showed a significant decrease in RBCs count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value, MCH, MCHC, and platelets count, and increased MCV and WBCs count as compared to the control group. Co-administration of nicotine with fenugreek and/or curcumin caused improvement in all hematological parameters when compared with nicotine group. It can be concluded that nicotine had a strong effect on the hematological parameters. The ingestion of fenugreek and/or curcumin prevent the hematoxicity induced by nicotine. The current study suggests that fenugreek and curcumin may be useful in combating free radical-induced hematotoxicity induced by nicotine.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN Lactobacillus TERHADAP GAMBARAN MIKROSKOPIS MUKOSA USUS HALUS TIKUS WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINFEKSI DENGAN Escherichia coli

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steviany Towoliu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group I ◽  
Microscopic Features

Abstract: E. coli is part of the normal flora of the human and animal intestine and is commonly non pathogenic. However, one of the serotypes of this bacteria, which is enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), can cause primary infection on the intestine such diarrhea.  The growth of pathogenic bacteria in diarrheal patients can be inhibited by Lactobacillus.  Lactobacillus can function as probiotic which can affect the immune system of the digestive canals.  In addition, Lactobacillus also produce mucus  which can act as barrier to the pathogens.  The objective of this study was to reveal the effects of the administration of Lactobacillus on the microscopic features of the mucosa of the intestine of wistar rats infected by Escherichia coli.  This study was a laboratory experimental research employing 16 wistar rats divided into the control group (4 rats) and three treatment groups (12 rats) consisting of 4 rats each.  Results showed that; in group I the histological features were normal, in group II part of the epithelium of the mucosa showed erosion, dilatation of the capillary vessels, and many lymphosites were observed, in group III the epithelium of the mucosa was intact and the number of lymphosites was liitle, and in group IV the surface of the epithelium was intact, the presence of cell regeneration indicated by the increase number of goblet cells and a small number of  lymphocyes. Conclusions: The administration of after infection by E. coli has benefial effects indicated by the improvement of epithelial cells and the absence of denudation of the epithelium of the intestine. Keywords: E.coli, Lactobacillus, intestinal mucosa.   Abstrak: E.coli merupakan flora normal usus halus manusia dan hewan umumnya tidak menyebabkan penyakit.  Namun salah satu serotipe E.coli yaitu E.coli Enteropatogenik (EPEK) bersifat patogen dan dapat menyebabkan infeksi primer pada usus misalnya diare.  Pertumbuhan bakteri patogen pada pasien diare dapat dihambat oleh Lactobacillus. Lactobacillus merupakan probiotik yang akan mempengaruhi sistem imun saluran cerna serta memproduksi mukus yang berfungsi sebagai penghalang saluran cerna terhadap bakteri patogen.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efek pemberian Lactobacillus terhadap gambaran mikroskopis mukosa usus halus tikus wistar yang diinfeksi dengan Escherichia coli.  Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratorik.  Subjek penelitian terdiri dari 16 ekor tikur wistar yang dibagi dalam kelompok kontrol (4 ekor) dan kelompok  perlakuan (12 ekor) dibagi dalam 3 kelompok masing-masing 4 ekor.  Hasil penelitian kelompok I dengan gambaran histologik jaringan usus normal, kelompok II sebagian epitel mukosa usus halus terlihat erosi,  ada pelebaran pembuluh darah kapiler, dan banyak limfosit, kelompok III dengan permukaan epitel mukosa yang utuh dan jumlah limfosit sedikit, dan kelompok IV dengan permukaan epitel yang utuh, adanya regenerasi sel ditandai dengan bertambahnya sel goblet, dan sedikit limfosit.  Simpulan: Pemberian Lactobacillus setelah diberikan E.coli memberi efek yang baik berupa perbaikan sel epitel permukaan dan tidak terlihat denudasi epitel permukaan usus halus. Kata Kunci: E.coli, Lactobacillus, mukosa usus halus.

scholarly journals Effect of Amomum subulatum seeds against cypermethrin induced haematological changes in wistar albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 604
Author(s):  
Goutham Sagarkatte Puttanna ◽  
Purushotham K. ◽  
Swarnalatha Nayak ◽  
Eesha B. Rao ◽  
Ravi Mundugaru
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Test Drug ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Amomum Subulatum ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Cypermethrin is a well know agricultural pesticide used in the developing countries. It is associated with significant toxic potential on human health. Hence the present study was aimed to evaluate the protective role of Amomum subulatum against cypermethrin induced haematalogical changes in Wistar albino rats.Methods: The albino rats were divided into five different groups of six rats each. Group I considered as normal control, group II cypermethrin control (25mg/kg body weight p.o.), group III only test drug and group IV and V administered with cypermethrin 25mg/kg body weight along test drug 1.08 and 2.16mg/kg body weight for 28 consecutive days. At the end of 28th day blood was withdrawn and total haematalogical parameters were estimated.Results: In the cypermethrin control there was significant reduction in the WBC, Platelet, MCHC and considerable reduction in the haemoglobulin concentration in comparison to normal control. The test drug administered at both dose levels was significantly reversed the cypermethrin induced changes in haematalogical parameters.Conclusions: Authors can conclude that the Amomum subulatum has potency to reverse the cypermethrin induced haematalogical changes.

PSVI-1 Evaluation of the synergistic effect of iron and an aqueous extract of oak bark on rumen microbiome of cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 231-232
Author(s):  
Kseniya Atlanderova ◽  
Galimzhan Duskaev
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract The search for new substances, alternatives to feed antibiotics in animal husbandry, is relevant in connection with the development of antibiotic resistance of pathogenic microorganisms. Substances of plant and mineral origin including nanoforms are of particular interest. The experiment studied the synergistic effect of iron (Fe; d = 80 nm) and an aqueous extract of oak bark (Ex; 1:10) on the microbiome of ruminal fluid of bulls (age 14 months, n = 5). Group I - control; Group II - Ex (0.6 ml / kg / lm); Group III - Fe (0.1 mg/kg/FM) with Ex in the same dosage. The collection of ruminal fluid was performed through a chronic ruminal fistula. Metagenomic analysis of cicatricial fluid was performed on a MiSeq device (Illumina, USA). Analysis of the data showed that the Bacteria domain is more influenced by Ex, there is a decrease by 27.0% (P ≤ 0.05), while in group III by 3.0% relative to the control. At the phylum level, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes had the greatest importance, in group I their ratio was 39.3 and 54.7%, in group II - 37.7 and 56.4%, in group III - 46.1 and 47.0% of the total the number of bacteria. The use of Ex increases the amount of Bacilli by 14.7 and 13.4 (P ≤ 0.05) % relative to groups I and III. The introduction of the composition Ex and Fe increases Lachnospiraceae - 15.0% and Ruminococcaceae - 8.1% of the total number of microorganisms and reduces Streptococcus relative to other groups by 1.3 and 14.9% (P ≤ 0.05). Thus, the combined use of Ex and Fe affects the numerical value of microorganisms, as well as their ratio in the rumen through inhibition. At the same time, the data obtained require further research, including in vivo experiments. This research was performed with financial support from the RSF (20-16-00088).

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND BIOMECHANICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA ON FRACTURE HEALING, KIDNEY, AND LIVER: AN EXPERIMENTAL RAT MODEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 2150019
Author(s):  
BURHAN OZTURK ◽  
SERMET INAL ◽  
T. CIHAN DULGEROGLU ◽  
A. OKTAR UZUMCUGIL ◽  
AYSENUR DEGER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Fracture Union ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

Momordica charantia (MC) is a plant belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae. MC has antidiabetic, antibacterial, antioxidant, antimutagenic, antiulcerative, antiinflammatory and antilipidemic effects. However, information on the effect of MC on fracture union is lacking. This study aimed to examine the effect of MC on fracture union histopathologically and biomechanically. A total of 42 male Wistar-Albino rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, 14 in each group. A diaphyseal fracture was created on the right tibia of all rats. All fractures were fixed with a Kirschner (K) wire. The rats in Group I did not undergo any further procedures (Control group). Group II rats were treated with 0.9% saline oral gavage at a dose of [Formula: see text]L/day for 28 days [Saline (S) group]. The rats in Group III were given 300[Formula: see text]mg/kg MC extract per day, dissolved in [Formula: see text]L 0.9% saline by oral gavage for 28 days [MC (Extract) group]. After 28 days, all rats were sacrificed. Each group was randomly divided into two subgroups. The histopathological examination was performed on the right tibia of rats in the first subgroup and the biomechanical examination in the second subgroup. The kidneys and livers of all rats were evaluated histopathologically. Fracture union was significantly better in the Extract group compared with the Control and S groups histopathologically. The fracture inflammation values were lower in the Extract group than in the other groups. No statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of possible side effects to kidneys and livers. In terms of biomechanics, fracture union was significantly better in the Extract group compared with the Control and S groups except yield displacement values. MC had a positive effect on fracture union histopathologically and biomechanically.

scholarly journals Chemotherapeutic Efficacy of Indigofera aspalathoides on 20-Methylcholanthrene-Induced Fibrosarcoma in Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selva Kumar Sivagnanam ◽  
Mudiganti Ram Krishna Rao ◽  
Maruthaiveeran Periyasamy Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Liver And Kidney

The present study was undertaken to test the chemopreventive effects of one herbal medicinal plant, Indigofera aspalathoides, on chemically induced carcinogenesis in rats. A well-known polyaromatic hydrocarbon, namely, 20-methylcholanthrene, which is a known carcinogenic substance, was used to induce fibrosarcoma in Wistar strain of male albino rats. Fibrosarcoma rats were treated with aqueous extracts of Indigofera aspalathoides. The rats were divided into four groups, each consisting of six animals. Group I served as normal control, Group II served as fibrosarcoma-induced animals, Group III were fibrosarcoma-bearing animals treated with aqueous extracts of Indigofera aspalathoides, and Group IV animals, which were normal healthy animals treated with Indigofera aspalathoides aqueous extract, served as drug control set. Group III and Group IV animals were treated with aqueous extract of Indigofera aspalathoides intraperitoneally at a dose of 250 mg/kg. b.w. for 30 days. The fibrosarcoma was proved by pathological examinations. The activity levels of nucleic acids such as total DNA and RNA and hexose, hexosamine, and sialic acid in liver and kidney of treated rats were used to monitor the chemopreventive role of the plant extract. The observed increase in the levels of DNA, RNA, hexose, hexosamine, and sialic acid in liver and kidney tissues of fibrosarcoma-bearing animals reached near normal state after the treatment with aqueous extracts of Indigofera aspalathoides, suggesting that Indigofera aspalathoides does have a chemotherapeutic role.

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