Consumption of Hidden Sugars and Fats in Snacks by Adolescents

Adolescent obesity is a leading global problem in the 21st century. It is increasing due to excess snack consumption, low physical activity, not following mindful eating. Objectives of the research were (1) To study consumption of hidden sugars and fats in snacks by adolescents, (2) To conduct market survey of packaged foods and to assess hidden sugar and fat content, (3) To assess dietary pattern and somatic status of subject. Methodology followed was Purposive random sampling of adolescents both girls and boys of age 16-18 years (N=100), questionnaire was constructed and validated, general information, anthropometric measurements and dietary information was collected, data was analysed statistically. Results and findings of this study were as follows, Majority (87) respondents were non-vegetarians and consumed snacks atleast twice daily. 47 respondents skipped breakfast always. 41 percent of respondents overate when hungry due to skipping previous meal. Mean consumption of fat (26 grams) and sugar (28 grams) from snacks. Body mass index reveals that 37 respondents were in normal category, 21 respondents were underweight, waist hip ratio revealed 89 adolescents were obese. 45 respondents were involved in physical activity every day. 21 respondents binged on snacks at midnight as an effect of disturbed sleep. Skipping breakfast, increased the intake of snacks and low physical activity are contributing factors to increased BMI and abdominal obesity which leads to insulin resistance, diabetes, ischemic heart disease, high cholesterol levels and early morbidity in adulthood. There is a dire need for nutrition awareness among adolescence to make healthy food choices. Key words: adolescent, obesity, snacking, Hidden sugars, fat consumption.

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The Consumption, Physical Activity, And Nutrition Status to Blood Cholesterol of Participants in Posbindu Anggrek Rosalina, Cibodas Baru, Tangerang

SANITAS : Jurnal Teknologi dan Seni Kesehatan ◽

10.36525/sanitas.2018.12 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 105-117

Author(s):

Nanang Prayitno ◽

Nila Dania Nardhiana ◽

Ahmad Faridi ◽

Meilinasari Meilinasari ◽

Sugeng Wiyono

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Energy Consumption ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Nutrition Status ◽

Total Blood ◽

Consumption Level ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Fat Consumption ◽

Total Blood Cholesterol

One of the changes with increasing age is the increase in total blood cholesterol levels. The purpose of this research is to know the relationship of the consumption level of (energy, fat, and cholesterol), physical activity, and nutritional status with total blood cholesterol of the participants of Posbindu Anggrek Rosalina 45-59 years old in Kelurahan Cibodas Baru Tangerang City 2015.This research use cross sectional design with population of all participants Posbindu Anggrek Rosalina age 45-59 years Kelurahan Cibodas Baru Tangerang City Year 2015. Sampling using purposive sampling technique and obtained 41 respondents. The results showed that average energy consumption was 1806.38 Calories / day, fat consumption level 71.84 gr / day, cholesterol consumption 238.87 mg / day, physical activity 1.49, nutritional status (BMI) 25.70 (overweight), and total blood cholesterol 212.66 mg / dl.Pearson correlation test showed that there was a significant correlation between energy consumption level (p = 0.045 <α = 0.05), fat consumption level (p = 0.039 <α = 0.05), and cholesterol consumption level (p = 0.016 <α = 0.05) with total blood cholesterol levels. There was no significant relationship between physical activity (p = 0.273> α = 0.05), whereas there was no correlation between nutritional status (p = 0.597> α = 0.05) with total blood cholesterol level.

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The Arkansas Active Kids Study: Identifying contributing factors to metabolic health and obesity status in prepubertal school-age children

Nutrition and Health ◽

10.1177/0260106020975571 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 026010602097557

Author(s):

Shasha Bai ◽

Anthony Goudie ◽

Elisabet Børsheim ◽

Judith L Weber

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Vital Signs ◽

Statistical Analysis Plan ◽

Metabolic Health ◽

Environmental Data ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Activity Data ◽

Obesity Status

Background: We report the design, protocol and statistical analysis plan for the Arkansas Active Kids (AAK) Study. The study investigates the complex relationships between factors that contribute to metabolic health and obesity status in prepubertal school-age children in the state of Arkansas. Aim: We aim to identify modifiable behavioral and environmental factors and phenotypes related to metabolic health that are associated with obesity status that, if addressed effectively, can aid in designing effective intervention strategies to improve fitness and reduce obesity in children. Methods: We analyzed dietary and physical activity data from two national surveys (National Survey of Children’s Health and Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System). We then conducted detailed surveys to collect dietary, physical activity, socio-demographic, and environmental data from a sample of 226 prepubertal Arkansas children. In the same sample of prepubertal children, we also collected extensive physiologic data to further study associations between physical activity and metabolic health. Results: All study visits included detailed measures of vital signs, energy expenditure, components of physical fitness, body composition and the collection of biological samples for determination of metabolic analytes. Conclusion: The observational, environmental and physiological results will be used to craft multivariate statistical models to identify which variables define ‘phenotype signatures’ that associate with fitness level and obesity status.

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Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Its Association with the Level of Physical Activity in Fitness Center Users: Croatian-Based Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13114038 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 4038

Author(s):

Dinko Martinovic ◽

Daria Tokic ◽

Lovre Martinovic ◽

Marko Kumric ◽

Marino Vilovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Short Form ◽

Well Being ◽

General Information ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fitness Center ◽

Balanced Diet ◽

The Mediterranean

The Mediterranean diet (MD) is based on the traditional cuisine of south European countries, and it is considered one of the healthiest dietary patterns worldwide. The promotion of combined MD and physical activity has shown major benefits. However, the association between physical activity and the MD in regular fitness center users is still insufficiently investigated. This cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted on 1220 fitness center users in Croatia. The survey consisted of three parts: general information, the Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (MDSS) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). The results showed that 18.6% of fitness center users were adherent to the MD, and there was a significant positive correlation between the level of physical activity and the MDSS score (r = 0.302, p < 0.001). Moreover, after dividing the sample into tertiles based on the IPAQ-SF score, the third tertile (MET > 3150 min/wk) had the most fitness center users (34.4%) adherent to the MD, while the first tertile (MET < 1750 min/wk) had the least (6.1%). These outcomes emphasize the importance of physical activity as they imply that, with higher levels of physical activity, people are also possibly more aware of the importance that a healthy and balanced diet has on their well-being.

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Pola Kehidupan yang Baik bagi Penderita Diabetes Melitus

10.31227/osf.io/eyvgr ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

aura widad al addawiyah hamzah

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Food Attitudes ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Sugar Levels ◽

The Relationship ◽

Diabetes Melitus

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an increase in blood glucose (hyperglycemia). Physical activity has an impact on insulin action in people at risk for diabetes mellitus.Lack of activity is one of the contributing factors that causes insulin resistance in type II diabetes mellitus and diet is the behavior of humans or a group of humans in meeting their dietary needs which include food attitudes, beliefs and choices. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between patterns of physical activity and diet with blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes melitustipe II. The research method used is a qualitative method. The results of the study showed that there was a relationship between patterns of physical activity and diet with blood sugar levels. Conclusions there is a relationship between patterns of physical activity and diet with blood sugar levels in patients with diabetes melitustipe II

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Adolescent Obesity and its association with socio-demographic profile, lifestyle factors, dietary and physical activity patterns; findings from southwestern Nigeria

10.21203/rs.3.rs-40677/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Adeleye Abiodun Adeomi ◽

Monday Daniel Olodu ◽

Sodiq Yaya ◽

Adediti Ademiju ◽

Raphael Ajibade

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Adolescent Obesity ◽

Lifestyle Factors ◽

Southwestern Nigeria ◽

Demographic Profile ◽

Physical Activity Patterns ◽

Number Of Children ◽

The Family

Abstract BackgroundThe prevalence of adolescent obesity is rising in all parts of the world, but only very few studies have considered factors influencing obesity among Nigerian adolescents. This study therefore aimed to determine the prevalence of obesity and its association with socio-demographic profile, lifestyle factors, dietary patterns and physical activity patterns among in-school adolescents in Southwest, Nigeria.MethodA total sample size of 400 in-school adolescents was selected through a multi-stage sampling technique from secondary schools in Ile-Ife. The dietary patterns were assessed using a 92-item QFFQ, while the activity patterns were assessed using the physical activity questionnaire for older children and adolescents. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS.ResultThere were 211 (52.8%) males and 189 (47.3%) females, with mean ages of 14.8 ± 2.1 and 14.4 ± 1.9 years respectively. The prevalence of overweight/obesity was 12.8%, and the associated factors were age, sex, class, the number of children in the family, birth orders and the dietary pattern dominated by starchy foods, roots and tubers (p < 0.05). However, no significant relationship existed between adolescents’ obesity and lifestyle factors, as well as physical activity patterns (p > 0.05). After controlling for confounders, age, number of children and birth orders remained significant.ConclusionThe prevalence of overweight/obesity was relatively high among the respondents, and this was associated with the age, number of children in the family and the birth order of the adolescents. The findings of this study underscore the importance of family planning to the control of the obesity epidemic in Nigeria.

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The cardiovascular system during sleep

ESC CardioMed ◽

10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0028_update_001 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 146-150

Author(s):

Naima Covassin ◽

Virend K. Somers

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Cardiovascular System ◽

Sleep Stage ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Diurnal Pattern ◽

Sleep Period ◽

Sleep Quantity ◽

Disturbed Sleep

The majority of molecular, physiological, and behavioural processes undergo substantial variations across a 24 h period. The health implications of such fluctuations, whether they are expressions of an intrinsic circadian rhythmicity or are secondary to changes in physical activity, posture, and/or sleep, are increasingly recognized. Similar to other biological functions, the cardiovascular system exhibits a prominent day–night profile, with profound haemodynamic, autonomic, and hormonal oscillations occurring during the sleep period. These time-dependent and sleep stage-dependent patterns of function have important clinical significance. The cardiovascular downregulation achieved throughout the night while asleep may be restorative and protective against adverse events, while the morning physiological activation coincident with awakening facilitates resumption of daytime activities. Nevertheless, rather than beneficial, these activity configurations may be pathogenic in individuals with a vulnerable substrate and may favour onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular complications may also arise as a consequence of abnormal day–night periodicity and disturbed sleep quantity and quality. Hence, consideration of the diurnal pattern of cardiovascular activity is critical in the clinical setting.

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Protocol for a scoping review to identify and map intervention components of existing school-based interventions for the promotion of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness among school children aged 6–10 years old

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037848 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. e037848

Author(s):

Berit Brandes ◽

Heide Busse ◽

Louisa Sell ◽

Lara Christianson ◽

Mirko Brandes

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Scoping Review ◽

School Environment ◽

Sports Medicine ◽

School Setting ◽

General Information ◽

Hand Search ◽

School Based ◽

School Based Interventions

IntroductionPhysical inactivity is known as a leading cause of mortality and tracks from childhood to adulthood. Many types of school-based single-component and multicomponent interventions to promote physical activity (PA) have been undertaken and evaluated, with mixed findings overall. Enlarging the intervention areas beyond the school setting is a promising approach. WHO’s Health Promoting School (WHO HPS) framework is a holistic, setting-based approach where health is promoted through the whole school environment with links to other settings such as the home environment and wider community. In this paper, we outline our scoping review protocol to systematically review the published literature from the last 10 years to identify existing school-based interventions to promote PA and cardiorespiratory fitness among children aged 6–10 years old and to map intervention components according to the features of this framework.Methods and analysisArksey and O’Malley’s scoping review methodology framework will guide the conduct of this review. We will search Medline, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Sports Medicine & Education Index, Education Resources Information Centre and CENTRAL and hand search the reference lists of key studies to identify studies appropriate for inclusion. Any empirical study that evaluated the effectiveness of a school-based intervention promoting PA and/or cardiorespiratory fitness in children aged 6–10 years old will be included. Two reviewers will independently screen all abstracts and full texts for inclusion. One reviewer will extract general information, study characteristics and intervention contents to classify them according to the features of the WHO HPS framework. Results will be synthesised narratively.Ethics and disseminationFindings will be disseminated in conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications. A condensed version of the results will be made available for the public. Stakeholder meetings will be arranged to discuss and disseminate the findings.

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Semiparametric Estimation of the Impacts of Longitudinal Interventions on Adolescent Obesity using Targeted Maximum-Likelihood: Accessible Estimation with the ltmle Package

Journal of Causal Inference ◽

10.1515/jci-2013-0025 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 95-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Anna L. Decker ◽

Alan Hubbard ◽

Catherine M. Crespi ◽

Edmund Y.W. Seto ◽

May C. Wang

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Maximum Likelihood ◽

Causal Inference ◽

Semiparametric Estimation ◽

Child And Adolescent ◽

Adolescent Obesity ◽

Health Concern ◽

Longitudinal Impact ◽

Targeted Maximum Likelihood ◽

Longitudinal Treatment

AbstractWhile child and adolescent obesity is a serious public health concern, few studies have utilized parameters based on the causal inference literature to examine the potential impacts of early intervention. The purpose of this analysis was to estimate the causal effects of early interventions to improve physical activity and diet during adolescence on body mass index (BMI), a measure of adiposity, using improved techniques. The most widespread statistical method in studies of child and adolescent obesity is multivariable regression, with the parameter of interest being the coefficient on the variable of interest. This approach does not appropriately adjust for time-dependent confounding, and the modeling assumptions may not always be met. An alternative parameter to estimate is one motivated by the causal inference literature, which can be interpreted as the mean change in the outcome under interventions to set the exposure of interest. The underlying data-generating distribution, upon which the estimator is based, can be estimated via a parametric or semi-parametric approach. Using data from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study, a 10-year prospective cohort study of adolescent girls, we estimated the longitudinal impact of physical activity and diet interventions on 10-year BMI z-scores via a parameter motivated by the causal inference literature, using both parametric and semi-parametric estimation approaches. The parameters of interest were estimated with a recently released R package, ltmle, for estimating means based upon general longitudinal treatment regimes. We found that early, sustained intervention on total calories had a greater impact than a physical activity intervention or non-sustained interventions. Multivariable linear regression yielded inflated effect estimates compared to estimates based on targeted maximum-likelihood estimation and data-adaptive super learning. Our analysis demonstrates that sophisticated, optimal semiparametric estimation of longitudinal treatment-specific means via ltmle provides an incredibly powerful, yet easy-to-use tool, removing impediments for putting theory into practice.

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