scholarly journals Perfil hematobioquímico e produção de leite de vacas mestiças Girolando suplementadas com resíduo de caju desidratado

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 3329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leison Rocha Bezerra ◽  
Ricardo Loiola Edvan ◽  
Ronaldo Lopes Oliveira ◽  
Aderbal Marcos de Azevedo Silva ◽  
Geraldo Fábio Viana Bayão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Plasma Protein ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Different Levels

<p>This paper aims to evaluate the influence of different levels of supplemental product-dehydrated cashew in the feed for crossbred Girolando cows on milk production and hemato-biochemical profile. The experiments were conducted using eight cows that were randomly distributed in a Latin square design (4×4), in which treatments consisted of four supplementation levels with product-dehydrated cashew (PDC) in animal diets, namely: 0% PDC (control diet), 1.0 kg of DCP, 1.5 kg of PDC and 2.0 kg of PDC in total dry matter . The milk and animals were weighed and the body condition of the animals were evaluated within seven days of milk collection during each experimental period. To determine the serum biochemistry and blood count of cows, three blood samples were taken in each period, at 7, 14 and 21 days before the daily supply of supplementation with samples collected from 5 ml of blood by puncturing the jugular vein. Supplementation with 2 kg of PDC reduced milk production and the levels of glucose and total plasma protein compared to the control group, due to the higher level of tannin in this group. Supplementation with PDC raised the total count of the erythrocytes, reduced the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and non-changed number of leukocytes. Increased levels of phenolic compounds in the diet inhibited the absorption of dietary proteins, which decreased milk production.</p>

scholarly journals The long-term administration of a clinoptilolite-supplemented feed to layers and its effect on performance, haematological parameters and metabolic profile

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 212-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Straková ◽  
P. Suchý ◽  
I. Herzig ◽  
V. Šerman ◽  
N. Mas
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Period ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Total Plasma Protein ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

120 selected layers (Bovans Goldline hybrid) aged 19 weeks with an average weight of 1 735 g were divided into two balanced groups: control group (Group C) and experimental (Group E). Layers were reared in three-tier cages with automatic watering, manual feeding, and at controlled light and temperature regimens. One cage accommodated two layers, the floor surface area was 0.1125 m<sup>2</sup> per layer. The experiment started after a 20-day adaptation period with layers aged 22 weeks (Week 22) and ended when layers were 68 weeks old (Week 68). In a period of initiation (i.e. Weeks 19–38), layers were fed the complete feeding mixture N1. Then they received the feeding mixture N2 until the end of the experiment. Feeding mixtures in both groups (C and E) had the same composition; the only difference between mixtures was that the feeding mixture in the experimental group was enriched with 1% clinoptilolite (i.e. the commercially available additive ZeoFeed). Layers received feeding mixtures and drinking water <I>ad libitum.</I> In the course of the experimental period, control layers laid 16 289 eggs while experimental layers laid 16 474 eggs. It follows from the results that the laying intensity in experimental layers was 1.7% higher as compared to control layers, i.e. the number of laid eggs in experimental layers increased by 5.6 eggs per layer. The mean weight of all laid eggs was 66.3 ± 6.25 g in the control group and 65.6 ± 5.44 g in the experimental group (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.01). Such performance was achieved at the consumption of feeding mixture being 141.7 g per laid egg in the control group and 137.6 g per laid egg in the experimental group. The consumption of feeding mixture in the experimental group was 4.1 g lower than that in the control group. The mean values of parameters monitored in blood plasma such as uric acid, cholesterol, glucose, lactose, calcium, phosphorus, ALP, and LDH in both groups of layers ranged within reference intervals, with no significant differences being detected between both groups.However, statistically significant differences between both groups were found in total plasma protein (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.01), triacylglycerol levels (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.05), and magnesium (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.01), which were elevated in the control group, and in AST (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.05) whose level in the control group was significantly lower than that in the experimental group. The results of haematological tests performed with layers’ blood revealed statistically significant changes in parameters such as the erythrocyte count (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.01), haemoglobin level (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.01), and MCHC (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.05), which were elevated in the experimental group, and in the leukocyte count (<I>P</I> ≤ 0.05), which was lower in the experimental group, as compared with the control. However, the values found varied within physiological ranges.

scholarly journals Influence of Glutamine and Glutamate Supplementation in the Blood Levels of Horses

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Emília Cavalcanti da Costa Cordeiro Manso ◽  
Deyvson Ferreira De Oliveira ◽  
Monica Miranda Hunka ◽  
Hélio Cordeiro Manso Filho
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Glutamine Metabolism ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Total Plasma Protein

Background: The most abundant free amino acid in mammals is glutamine (GLN). Little research has focused on GLN supplementation for horses, but GLN levels in this species are known to decline after exercise and during lactation. Under physiological conditions, the body produces Gln in sufficient quantities for general metabolism, and a small part of this amino acid comes from dietary protein. Little research has so far focused on equine dietary supplementation with free glutamine or combined with other amino acids during catabolic states or in highly stressful situations. This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of equine dietary supplementation using a combination of glutamine and glutamate.  Materials, Methods & Results: The study involved four Arabian mares, not in training (~380 kg; ~12 years old) and four treatments (control, and inclusions of 1, 2 and 4% of GLN+GLU) in a Latin square model. A 7-day washout period was established between each phase. Fifty percent of the mares’ maintenance energy requirements came from concentrate and 50% from hay and grazing. The other 50% came from Tifton hay (Cynodon dactylon), which was supplied ad libitum. After 7 weeks of nutritional supplementation (once a day, in the morning). In the experimental model, the mares were distributed in a Latin square design comprised of four treatments: control (without inclusion) and inclusions of 1%, 2% and 4% of supplement (AminoGut®, Ajinomoto do Brazil), and four animals. Blood was collected in five stages (fasting, and 60, 120, 240 and 360 min after feeding) in each treatment. The blood samples were analyzed to determine GLN, GLU, urea, creatinine, uric acid, total plasma protein, hematocrit and glucose levels. Glutamine and Glutamate concentrations were analyzed using the enzymatic spectrophotometric method. The results were analyzed statistically using one- and two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test with P set at 5%. The results indicated that GLN differed in both the group (P < 0.001) and between the phases of supplementation (P < 0.001), but no interaction occurred between them (P > 0.05). Significant changes in GLN levels were also observed in the 4% inclusion treatment compared to all the treatments in the fasting phase and in the + 60 min and +240 min phases of the control group (P < 0.05). All the other biomarkers analyzed here were unchanged (Glutamate, Urea, Creatinine, Urea, TPP, Glucose and Hematocrit) (P > 0.05) during the period under analysis, and remained within the normal range for the species in their current stabling conditions. The mares presented no clinical problems nor did they change their feeding behavior during the supplementation period or on the days blood was collected.Discussion: Glutamine metabolism in horses has yet to be extensively studied.  However, it has been shown that, when supplied to horses in its free form, this amino acid causes Gln levels to rise rapidly within the first 90 min of the postprandial period.  This indicates that an extra amount of this amino acid may increase Gln blood levels despite intense degradation of enterocytes. This study found that supplementation with a combination of Gln+Glu can increase blood Gln levels after 6 h in the treatment involving 4% Gln+Glu included in the concentrate (P < 0.05) In conclusion, supplementation with GLN+GLU raised the mares’ GLN levels after 360 min when 4% of GLN+GLU was included in their diet. These results may be used to establish GLN supplementation models for horses. 

Effect of dietary probiotic, antibiotic or combination on broiler performance, cecum microbial population and ileal development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
Ahmed Elbaz ◽  
Said El-sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Broiler Performance

Objective: To investigate the effect of antibiotics and/or probiotics on broiler performance, some serum metabolites, cecum microflora composition, and ileum histomorphology under the Egyptian conditions. Design: Randomized controlled experimental study. Animals: Two hundred forty 1-day-old Ross (308) chicks were reared till 35 days of age. Procedures: The birds were randomly allocated into four main groups: a control diet without additives (CON); probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus) supplemented diet (PRO); antibiotic (Avilamycin) supplemented diet (ANT) and a mix group (AP) that received antibiotic in the diet form 1 to 4 days of age and treated during the rest of the experimental period with probiotics. Results: Chickens fed on probiotic or antibiotic diets had linear improvement in live body weight (LBW) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared with the control group, while the best LBW and FCR were in the AP group. An improvement in the nutrient digestibility was observed in the probiotic added groups (PRO and AP). Serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents decreased when antimicrobial (probiotic or antibiotic) supplementations were used, while there was an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol contents, serum total protein, and albumin levels. Among all groups, cecum Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli counts decreased; however, there was an increase in Lactobacillus count compared to the control group. In probiotic supplemented groups (PRO and AP), a significant (P<0.05) improvement in ilea architecture. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Using probiotic after initial treatment with an antibiotic in broiler diets had a positive effect on broiler growth performance, gut health (improved cecum microbial populations and ileum histomorphology), and nutrient digestibility.

Effect of High Plane of Nutrition on Blood Biochemical Profile and Onset of Puberty in Prepubertal HF X Kankrej Crossbred Heifers

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
K K Hadiya ◽  
A J Dhami ◽  
D V Chaudhari ◽  
P M Lunagariya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
The Body ◽  
Monthly Interval ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Lower Protein ◽  
The Mean

This study was initiated on 24 prepubertal Holstein x Kankrej crossbred heifers of nearly identical age (7-9 months) and body weight (130-140 kg) at University farm to evaluate the effect of high plane of nutrition on blood biochemical and minerals profile and the age at puberty. Twelve heifers were managed under routine farm feeding (control) and the rest 12 under ideal optimum feeding regime (treatment) that included extra 1 kg concentrate, 30 g min mix and ad-lib dry fodder. The body weight and ovarian ultrasonography together with blood sampling was carried out at monthly interval from 10 to 18 months of age to study the ovarian dynamics and blood biochemical changes. High plane of nutrition to growing heifers was beneficial in reducing the age of onset of puberty (by 2-3 months) compared to routine farm fed group. The mean plasma total protein and cholesterol concentrations showed a rising trend with significant variations from 10 to 16 months of age, where it got mostly stabilized indicating adult profile. The activity of enzymes GOT and GPT also rose gradually and significantly from 10 months till 14-15 months of age, and thereafter it remained more or less static till 18 months of age. The levels of both these enzymes were higher, with lower protein and cholesterol, in control than the treatment group from 15-16 months of age onwards. The mean plasma levels of both calcium and phosphorus increased gradually and significantly with advancing age till 16-17 months of age, with little higher values in supplemented than a control group. The plasma levels of zinc, iron, copper, and cobalt also showed rising trend with significant differences between 10th and 12th-14th months of age, and from 15th to 18th months of age the levels were statistically the same in all the groups with slightly higher values in the treatment group.

Serum immunoglobulins in patients with chronic tonsillitis

1984 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
pp. 1213-1216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harbans Lal ◽  
O. P. Sachdeva ◽  
H. R. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antigenic Stimulation ◽  
Chronic Tonsillitis ◽  
Serum Immunoglobulin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune System ◽  
The Mean

AbstractSerum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA and IgM) levels were determined in patients with chronic tonsillitis before and one month after tonsillectomy. The preoperative levels of serum IgG, IgA and IgM were significantly higher when compared with the controls. The increase may be due to repeated antigenic stimulation. The post-operative levels for the three immunoglobulins were decreased; however, a significant reduction was observed for IgG only where the mean value was comparable with the control group. The data confirm that tonsillectomy does not disturb the humoral immune system of the body.

scholarly journals The Effect of Propanolol on C-Reactive Protein in Patients with Severe Burns at Dr Soetomo Hospital Surabaya

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aulia U H ◽  
Iswinarno Doso Saputro ◽  
Magda Rosalina Hutagalung
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Severe Burns ◽  
Hypermetabolic State ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean

Background: The incidence of burns in Indonesia progressively increases with the increase in its population and industries. From January to September 2000, 158 patients were treated in the burn unit of Dr Soetomo Hospital with a mortality rate reaching 5,8%. Burns have a direct effect in causing both local and systemic changes in the body, not occurring in other injuries. In severe burns, a hypermetabolic state can occur, which increases cardiac workload and causes muscle atrophy and other morbidities. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of propranolol on the hypermetabolic state in severely burned patients by measuring various clinical & laboratory parameters.Methods : This is an experimental study using pre and post test control group design with the objective of assessing the treatment outcome with oral propranolol given in 15 consecutive days for burn patients involving 25%- 60% TBSA. Measurements were taken three times, on day 0, 7 and 14.Results : Obtained 16 samples divided into 2 groups. In the treatment group, there was a significant decrease in CRP levels on days 0, 7 and 14 (p <0.05). The Mid Arm Circumference variable did not obtain a significant decreasing on days 0, 7 and 14. The albumin level studied showed a significant decreasing on day 0 & 7 days with a value of p = 0.045. From the comparison between the two groups, there were significant differences in CRP levels on days 0 & 14, with the mean value of the treatment group -5.12 + 2.88 and the mean value of the control group 2.86 + 7.37, and the value of p = 0.019.Conclusions: This study successfully proved that the administration of propranolol can overcome the effects of hypermetabolism which is characterized by decreasing in CRP levels.

scholarly journals Health, body condition and blood metabolites in reindeer after submaintenance feed intake and subsequent feeding

Rangifer ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 187 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nilsson ◽  
Ö. Danell ◽  
M. Murphy ◽  
K. Olsson ◽  
B. Åhman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feeding Period

The transition from experimentally induced poor nutritional conditions to feeding was studied with 69 eight-month-old female reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). During a pre-experimental period, all reindeer were fed a simulated winter diet with 80% lichens Cladina spp. and 20% Vaccinum myrtillus shrubs and Salix spp. leaves (lichen diet) ad lib. The reindeer were divided into five groups. A control group (group C) was fed the lichen diet ad lib. throughout the experiment. Four groups were fed half of that ration for eight days and were then totally deprived of feed for one day (restriction period). During the following 34 days (feeding period) the groups were re-fed the lichen diet (group L), fed pelleted reindeer feed combined with either lichen (group PL) or grass silage (group PS), or fed silage with a gradually increasing addition of pellets (group SP). Weekly measurements of blood samples and body weighr showed that the control group remained clinically healthy and had stable blood plasma concentrations of protein, urea, glucose and insulin throughout the experiment, but they lost weight. At slaughter, before and after the restriction period, all animals had lost rumen-free body weight, but the reindeer fed a restricted amount of feed lost more than the control group. Also the plasma metabolites were affected by the restricted feeding, with increased concentrations of urea and decreased concentrations of glucose. Group L responded immediately to the ad lib. feeding with blood metabolite levels rapidly approaching those of group C. The body weight developments were similar in groups L and C. Although the feed rations were increased gradually, diarrhoea occurred in some animals belonging to groups PL and PS within the first week of the feeding period. All reindeer recovered, after antibiotic treatment of the worst affected animals. The PL and PS groups, which had high contents of metabolisable energy and crude protein in their diets, showed increased con-centtations of plasma protein, urea and insulin. At the end of the feeding period, these groups had increased their body and carcass weights and gained fat, whereas reindeer fed the lichen diet had lost weight. Severe health problems (malnutrition and so-called wet belly) occurred in group SP during the first weeks of feeding and led to loss of animals, and consequently the SP group was excluded from the remainder of rhe experiment. The general conclusion is that the lichen diet did not cause any digestive problems, but resulted in a continuous decline in body weight and small or deficient fat reserves. After the initial diarrhoea, feeding with diets comprising pellets from the start resulted in improved condition, expressed as increased body weight, fat gain and higher concentrations of plasma protein, urea and insulin in relation to the control group. The diet initially based on grass in the form of silage of the given quality seemed insufficient as feed to reindeer calves in a poor nutritional state.

scholarly journals The effect of Ocimum basilicum and Cuminum cyminum seeds on the weight gain and rumen activity and fermentation in Awassi rams

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-113
Author(s):  
Tamara N. Dawood
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cuminum Cyminum ◽  
The Third ◽  
Animal Farm

     This study was carried out at Animal Farm, College of Veterinary Medicine, Baghdad University from April up to July 2013. The animals were fed on concentrate diet and freely grazed for 3-6 hours/ day at College Field, rams were used in a Latin square design (4*4) and trans located biweekly intervals, respectively to different concentrate diets, the first diet 2% of the body weight which was free from any addition  and considered as a control, the second diet was contain 3% Cuminum cyminum seeds (CU), while the third diet was contain 3% of Ocimum basilicom seeds (B) and the fourth concentrated diet was contain 1.5% of Cuminum cyminum and 1.5% Ocimum basilicom seeds (CU+B). Results revealed that there was significant (P<0.05) difference existed during the first two periods in the body gain compared with other periods, pH of rumen liquor of the control group 6.00±0.24 showed significantly (P<0.05) higher than all other animals during all periods 5.42±0.095, 5.40±0.14 and 5.65±0.11, while the volatile fatty acids were significantly lower in the control animal 8.25±0.75 compared with other animals, ammonia concentration in the rumen liquor, showed higher significant (P<0.05) difference 9.33±0.13 and 9.60±0.43 respectively in the third and fourth period than first period 7.52±0.28, on the other hand bacterial count of the control group was significantly (P<0.05) lower than other groups.

scholarly journals Cardiovascular and hematologic effects produced by chronic treatment with etoricoxib in normotensive rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilo César do Vale Baracho ◽  
Guilherme Pedrosa Guizelli ◽  
Beatriz Leone Carmello ◽  
Danielle de Souza Sanches ◽  
Felipe Moraes Costa Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Chronic Treatment ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hematological Effects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hematological Changes

PURPOSE: Evaluate the cardiovascular and hematological effects produced by chronic treatment with two dosis of etoricoxib in Wistar normotensive rats. METHODS: Thirty rats have been used and divided into one control group and two etoricoxib (10mg/kg and 30mg/kg) treatments groups for 60 days. The mean arterial pressure (MAP) was taken during the whole experimental period and at the end of this period, under anesthesia blood samples were taken, and further the withdrawn of the aorta, heart, brain, liver, and kidneys for the anatomopathologic study. RESULTS: The treatment with etoricoxib (30mg/Kg) produced a significant increase of the MAP from the 28th day of the experiment and from the platelets when compared to the control group and to the group treated with 10mg/Kg, besides producing a highly significant difference in hematocrit and in the red blood cells in relation to the control group. On the other hand the treatment with etoricoxib has not caused histopathological changes when compared to the control. CONCLUSION: These data show that the chronic treatment with etoricoxib leads to increase of the MAP, and to important hematological changes which seem to be associated to the hemoconcentration although not producing anatomopathological significant changes.

Maintenance rations for Merino sheep. IV. The performance of adult Merino ewes fed daily and weekly at three levels of energy intake

1957 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Briggs ◽  
MC Franklin ◽  
GL McClymont
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Mean

Dry adult Merino ewes were fed at daily or weekly intervals on oat grain at levels which provided 4.0, 3.0, or 2.0 lb starch equivalent (S.E.) per sheep per week. The experimental periods were 223, 223, and 181 days respectively. Differences between the mean body weights of the ewes a t the three levels of feeding were highly significant (P < 0.001). Body weight varied only slightly and no losses occurred in ewes fed weekly at the rate of 4.0 lb S.E. per head. Ewes fed daily a t this level had a significantly greater mean body weight (P < 0.001) a t the conclusion of the 223-day experimental period. The addition of a sodium chloride supplement did not improve the body weight or wool production of ewes fed weekly a t the level of 4.0 lb S.E. The mean body weight of ewes fed at the levels of 3.0 or 2.0 lb S.E. per head declined over the first 12 and 18 respectively and thereafter remained relatively constant. There were no significant differences at these levels of feeding between groups fed daily and weekly in respect of body weight, wool production, or survival rates. Ewes fed a t the level of 4.0 lb S.E. grew significantly more wool than those given 3.0 lb S.E. (P < 0.001). Losses were negligible in all groups except those fed a t the level of 2.0 lb S.E. In these groups there were few deaths in the first 16 weeks, but in the subsequent 10 weeks losses totalled 17.1 per cent. Ewes fed a t the level of 2.0 lb S.E. consumed their rations at a significantly slower rate (P < 0.01) than did those fed a t the level of 4.0 lb S.E.

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