Plato’s Sun and Descartes’s Stove: Contemplation and Control in Cartesian Philosophy

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN COTTINGHAM
Keyword(s):  
Moral Theory ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Modern Conception ◽  
A Value ◽  
And Control ◽  
Divine Order

This chapter examines contemplation and control in Cartesian philosophy and sets out some of the Platonic strands in Descartes’ cosmology, metaphysics and moral theory. It argues that Descartes’ philosophy is deeply imbued with ancient and medieval views of humanity’s place in the divine order, and yet is also the harbinger of a modern conception of a value-neutral and impersonal natural universe. It considers the tension between Descartes’ natural philosophy and account of physical law and suggests that these two mindsets represent a certain opposition within people’s thinking that still needs a resolution.

scholarly journals A Novel Approach for Tuning the Physicochemical, Textural, and Sensory Characteristics of Plant-Based Meat Analogs with Different Levels of Methylcellulose Concentration

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 560
Author(s):  
Allah Bakhsh ◽  
Se-Jin Lee ◽  
Eun-Yeong Lee ◽  
Nahar Sabikun ◽  
Young-Hwa Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Texture Profile ◽  
Crude Fiber Content ◽  
A Value ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Meat Analog ◽  
And Control ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Different Levels

This study assessed the effects of Methylcellulose (MC) at different concentrations on plant-based meat analog (PBMA) patties, comprised of commercial texture vegetable protein (C-TVP) and textured isolate soy protein (T-ISP) as key ingredients, and compared to beef patty control. A significantly higher difference was observed in moisture content in control with increasing MC concentration than the C-TVP and T-ISP patties. However, protein varied significantly among three different protein sources, with control had higher protein content than PBMA patties. Crude fiber content recorded higher values in C-TVP as compared to control. Significantly lower pH values were recorded in control than C-TVP and T-ISP respectively. Regardless, with the addition of MC or ingredient PBMA and control patties tend to reduce lightness (L*) and redness (a*) value after cooking. Although control sample before cooking exhibits lighter and redder than PBMA patties (C-TVP and T-ISP). Likewise, water holding capacity (WHC) decreases as the concentration of MC increases (1.5–4%) in control and PBMA patties. Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) and texture profile analysis (TPA), including hardness, chewiness, and gumminess of control, were significantly higher than C-TVP and T-ISP. Consequently, panelists’ in the sensory analysis presented that C-TVP patties containing 3% of MC had better sensory properties than T-ISP. Hence, PBMA patties with C-TVP and incorporation of 3% MC are considered ideal for manufacturing of meat analog as related to control (beef).

scholarly journals Effects of Camu-Camu (Myrciaria dubia) Powder on the Physicochemical and Kinetic Parameters of Deteriorating Microorganisms and Salmonella enterica Subsp. enterica Serovar Typhimurium in Refrigerated Vacuum-Packed Ground Beef

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 252
Author(s):  
Jorge Luiz da Silva ◽  
Vasco Cadavez ◽  
José M. Lorenzo ◽  
Eduardo Eustáquio de Souza Figueiredo ◽  
Ursula Gonzales-Barron
Keyword(s):  
Ground Beef ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
B Value ◽  
Kinetics Parameters ◽  
Psychrotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
A Value ◽  
Spoilage Bacteria ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
And Control

This study aims to evaluate the effects of camu-camu powder (CCP), Amazonian berry fruit with documented bioactive properties, physicochemical meat parameters, and the growth kinetics parameters of S. enterica ser. Typhimurium, psychrotrophic bacteria (PSY), and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in vacuum-packed ground beef. Batches of ground beef were mixed with 0.0%, 2.0%, 3.5%, and 5.0% CCP (w/w), vacuum-packed as 10 g portions, and stored at 5 °C for 16 days. Centesimal composition analyses (only on the initial day), pH, TBARS, and color were quantified on storage days 1, 7, and 15, while PSY and LAB were counted on days 0, 3, 6, 9, 13, and 16. Another experiment was conducted with the same camu-camu doses by inoculating S. enterica ser. Typhimurium microbial kinetic curves were modeled by the Huang growth and Weibull decay models. CCP decreased TBARS in beef from 0.477 to 0.189 mg MDA·kg−1. No significant differences in meat pH between treated and control samples were observed on day 15. CCP addition caused color changes, with color a* value decreases (from 14.45 to 13.44) and color b* value increases (from 17.41 to 21.25), while color L* was not affected. Higher CCP doses caused progressive LAB growth inhibition from 0.596 to 0.349 log CFU·day−1 at 2.0% and 5.0% CCP, respectively. Similarly, PSY growth rates in the treated group were lower (0.79–0.91 log CFU·day−1) compared to the control (1.21 log CFU·day−1). CCP addition at any of the investigated doses produced a steeper S. enterica ser. Typhimurium inactivation during the first cold storage day, represented by Weibull’s concavity α shape parameter, ranged from 0.37 to 0.51, in contrast to 1.24 for the control. At the end of the experiment, however, S. enterica ser. Typhimurium counts in beef containing CCP were not significantly different (p < 0.05) from the control. Although CCP affects bacterial kinetics, it does not protect ground beef against spoilage bacteria and Salmonella to the same degree it does against lipid peroxidation.

Der energieflexible und effiziente Energiewertstrom/The efficient and flexible energy value stream

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (05) ◽  
pp. 313-318
Author(s):  
F. Feder ◽  
K. Erlach ◽  
F. Hosak ◽  
H. Lepple
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Value Stream ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
A Value ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Low Energy Consumption ◽  
And Control

Die wachsende Volatilität im deutschen Energiesektor bietet jenen Unternehmen zukünftig einen Wettbewerbsvorteil, die ihren Energieverbrauch kontinuierlich senken und flexibel anpassen können. Als Werkzeug dafür wurde die Energiewertstrom-Methode um weitere Energieflüsse aus der Gebäude- und Versorgungstechnik sowie um Aspekte der Energieflexibilität erweitert. Dies erlaubt die Gestaltung eines energiekostenoptimalen Wertstroms. &nbsp; In the light of the increasing volatility in the German energy sector, companies that are able to constantly reduce and control their energy consumption will gain a competitive advantage. Therefore, the Energy Value Stream Method has been extended by adding further energy flows in building technology as well as aspects of flexible energy usage. This enables the design of a value stream that results in low energy consumption and costs.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Terapi AIUEO terhadap Kemampuan Bicara Pasien Stroke yang Mengalami Afasia Motorik

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Afnijar Wahyu ◽  
Liza Wati ◽  
Murad Fajri
Keyword(s):  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Motor Aphasia ◽  
A Value ◽  
And Control

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of AIUEO therapy on the speech ability of stroke patients who have motor aphasia in Raja Ahmad Thabib Hospital Tanjungpinang. The research design used was quasi experiment with the Nonequivalent Control Group Design approach to 9 respondents who were divided into 9 treatment groups and 9 control groups. The results showed that there were significant differences in the functional ability of communication between the control and treatment groups with a value of p <0.05 (p = 0.007 at a = 0.05) using the Wilcoxon Test statistical test. Conclusion, the influence of AIUEO therapy on the speech ability of stroke patients with motor aphasia in the treatment and control groups at Ahmad Thabib Hospital Tanjungpinang.   Keywords: Speech Ability, Motor Aphasia Stroke, AIUEO Therapy

On The Threshold of Democratic Fragility

2016 ◽  
pp. 328-348
Author(s):  
Asiru Hameed Tunde ◽  
Daniel Ochieng Orwenjo
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Election ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Media Representation ◽  
Value Judgments ◽  
News Reports ◽  
A Value ◽  
Political Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Election News

The recent events in the Nigerian political space are clear indications of a match towards the ‘unwanted'. These political events, such as the 2011 presidential elections resulted into the most violent post-elections killings in the history of Nigeria. In the light of this, media representation of that election may not be a value-free exercise but one imbued with value judgments or opinions which conveyed certain ideological leanings. It is against this background that the author examines the macrospeech acts which characterize the discourse of the 2011 post-presidential election news reports with a view to identifying and interpreting the prominent acts and their ideological imports. The study is situated within the broad frame of pragmatics and operationalises Searle Speech Act model in order to uncover the macrospeech acts in the news reports and how the acts covertly convey instances of prejudice and control.

An In vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Nine Root Canal Sealers

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Leena Smadi ◽  
Azmi Mahafzah ◽  
Ameen Khraisat
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
A Value ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test ◽  
Ah Plus ◽  
Microbial Strains ◽  
And Control ◽  
Root Canal Sealers

Abstract Aim The purpose of this in vitro study was to analyze the antimicrobial activity of root canal sealers by using the agar diffusion test (ADT). Methods and Materials Three categories of root canal sealers were included in the study: resin-based sealers (4), zinc oxide-based sealers (3), and calcium hydroxide-based sealers (2). The microbial strains used were: S. aureus (2 strains), C. albicans (2 strains), and E. faecalis (1 strain). Statistical analysis was conducted using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Tests of differences were analyzed using the Tukey's test with a value of p < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results The antimicrobial activity of root canal sealers was ranked in descending order as follows: Sealite Regular, Cortisemol, Dentalis KEZ, AH26, Sealapex, Acroseal/Topseal, and Endorez/AH plus. Conclusion Root canal sealers showed different inhibitory effects depending on their types and the bacterial strains tested. Root canal sealers containing formaldehyde and eugenol proved to be effective against the microorganisms studied. Clinical Significance The incorporation of antimicrobial components into root canal sealers may become an essential factor in preventing the re-growth of residual bacteria and control of bacteria re-entry into the root canal system. Citation Smadi L, Mahafzah A, Khraisat A. An In vitro Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Nine Root Canal Sealers. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 July; (9)5:060-067.

Effect ofEchinococcus multilocularison the origin of acetyl-CoA entering the tricarboxylic acid cycle in host liver

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kepron ◽  
M. Novak ◽  
B.J. Blackburn
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid ◽  
Meriones Unguiculatus ◽  
Host Liver ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Acid Cycle ◽  
A Value ◽  
Alveolar Hydatid Disease ◽  
And Control

AbstractCarbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was employed to investigate alterations in hepatic carbohydrate metabolism inMeriones unguiculatusinfected withEchinococcus multilocularis. Following portal vein injections of an equimolar mixture of ]#x005B;1,2-13C2]acetate and [3-13C]lactate, perchloric acid extracts of the livers were prepared and NMR spectra obtained. Isotopomer analysis using glutamate resonances in these spectra showed that the relative contributions of endogenous and exogenous substrates to the acetyl-CoA entering the tricarboxylic acid cycle differed significantly between infected and control groups. The mole fraction of acetyl-CoA that was derived from endogenous, unlabelled sources (FU) was 0.50±0.10 in controls compared to 0.34±0.04 in infected animals. However, the fraction of acetyl-CoA derived from [3-13C]lactate (FLL) was larger in livers of infected animals than those from controls with values of 0.27±0.04 and 0.18±0.04, respectively. Similarly, the fraction of acetyl-CoA derived from [1,2-13C2]acetate (FLA) was larger in livers of infected animals compared to those in controls; the fractions were 0.38±0.01 and 0.32±0.07, respectively. The ratio of FLA:FLLwas significantly smaller in the infected group with a value of 1.42±0.18 compared to 1.74±0.09 for the controls. These results indicate that alveolar hydatid disease has a pronounced effect on the partitioning of substrates within the pathways of carbohydrate metabolism in the host liver.

scholarly journals Influence of pilates and quick massage on depression, anxiety and fatigue in banking sector workers: a randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Danillo Barbosa ◽  
Renata Michele Angelo de Oliveira ◽  
Ivo I. Kerppers ◽  
Gabriela Xavier ◽  
Mônica Beatriz Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Public ◽  
A Value ◽  
Massage Group ◽  
Health Objectives ◽  
And Control

Background: The health of the worker is inserted within the public health, and comprises a link between production, work and health. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the influence of quick massage and pilates on the level of depression, anxiety and fatigue in employees of a bank. Method: This is a clinical, controlled, randomized, blind study. The study had 70 subjects, but only 50 were included. They were divided into 3 groups: quick massage group (n= 20), pilates group (n= 20) and control group (n= 10). They were evaluated in 3, 6 and 9 months and the protocol was applied 3 times per week. Results: the results were expressed as mean and standard deviation, followed by the univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA), obtaining a value of p<0.0198. However, it was observed, when presenting the detailed data of each group (mean and standard deviation), that the quick massage group presented a small advantage with 4.03 ± 0.82 (6 months) and 3.43 ± 1.15 (12 months), whereas the pilates group were 6.21 ± 1.98016 (3 months), 4.26 ± 0.57873 (6 months) and 4.14 ± 0.63 (9 months). Conclusion: it is concluded that the quick massage techniques and the Pilates protocol have shown great potential in the reduction of anxiety, depression and fatigue.

scholarly journals Highland amphibians - Recalculation of data from 1990 to 2010 on the effects of extremely diluted thyroxine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (37) ◽  
pp. 311-324
Author(s):  
Peter Christian Endler ◽  
Gehard Lingg
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Rana Temporaria ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Full Detail ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control

Experiments on amphibian metamorphosis can vary considerably in duration. The authors had set themselves the task of defining a generally applicable pooling method for metamorphosis experiments. The problem of artificial differences in variability when comparing and pooling data from several experiments was approached by normalization with respect to time based on the development of both test and the control animals. The range from 0% to 100% over which the fraction of four-legged animals progresses in the course of an experiment is divided into 10%-intervals and the 10% reference points are mapped on a corresponding scale. Each measurement is then assigned to the point on the time scale to which it is closest. In this way each reference point is assigned a value giving the number or percentage of four-legged animals at that point on the scale. Subsequent analysis was then based on the individual values for the test and control groups that corresponded to the joint 10% reference point. Normalization respect to time was done on the assumption that differences in metamorphosis speed attributable to treatment would override differences in duration between experiments. The results of experiments performed over the course of two decades (1990 - 2010) on highland Rana temporaria treated with a homeopathically prepared high dilution of thyroxine (“30x”) are presented in full detail based on this normalization method. Differences found between treatment groups thus calculated were in line with those obtained with other pooling methods. Thyroxine 30x does slow down metamorphosis in inert highland amphibians. This was observed by five researchers in 20 sub-experiments, and it seems to be the most reliable bio-assay found in amphibian research on homeopathy so far. When experiments were performed with highland animals pretreated by hyperstimulation with molecular thyroxine, slowing down of metamorphosis was again observed (by three out of four researchers) in most of 10 sub-experiments.

Estimators of R0 derived from mechanistic models

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odo Diekmann ◽  
Hans Heesterbeek ◽  
Tom Britton
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Final Size ◽  
Control Effort ◽  
Transmission Potential ◽  
A Value ◽  
Age Structured ◽  
And Control ◽  
First Time

This chapter presents a selection of methods to estimate a value of the basic reproduction number R₀ from a variety of available data. The estimation of R₀ is important, as these play a major role, for example, in gauging outbreak potential, and in public health decisions on prevention and control effort. The chapter focuses on three topics: (i) generalizing estimators presented earlier in the book based on final-size epidemic data or age-structured endemic data; (ii) controlled (transmission) experiments performed to estimate transmission potential and duration of infectivity; and (iii) the infectious agent is emerging, either for the first time or for the first time in a particular host population, so very little is known and outbreak data are becoming available “in real time,” as the epidemic progresses.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document