The Role of Women in the Yakan Weaving the Maintenance and Preservation of Cultural Heritage

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Q. Salang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Community Control ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
The Village

The study was conducted in Highland Village, Upper Calarian Zamboanga City to analyze the role of women in the Yakan weaving particularly in the maintenance and preservation of cultural heritage. Specifically the study aimed to describe the role of women in the Yakan weaving, describe the Yakan weaving as it relates to the culture of the people in the Yakan village of Upper Calarian, Zamboanga City, determine the factors that preserve the Indigenous knowledge that is unique to the Yakan culture. Dtermine the perceived contribution of Yakan weaving to the social, economic and environmental aspects of the Yakan community; and Reommend development strategies and policies to ensure the sustainability of the weaving industry. Survey was used with a total enumeration of 52 household respondents in assessing the preservation of cultural heritage. An FGD with 15 weavers residing in the village was conducted. Questionnaire was administered on the Samal settlement to test the reliability of the instrument. Data was processed and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software. Results of the study revealed that the continuous weaving activities of the local people developed the trait of the next generation. It developed a shared responsibility of maintaining the knowledge and preserving the endogenous craft in the Yakan tribe. Weaving portrays the condition and relevance of community life as well as understanding the nature and cultural characteristics of the Yakan people. Keywords - Cultural technology, Social capital, Cultural Heritage, Indigenous knowledge Cooperation and collaboration, self reliance and community control, Capacity building and Living with ecological limits

scholarly journals SEJARAH DESA TALAGA BESAR KECAMATAN TALAGA RAYA KABUPATEN BUTON TENGAH (1977-2017)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dade Prat Untarti
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Historical Criticism ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
The Village ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRAK: Permasalahan pokok dalam penelitian ini adalah: (1) Apa latar belakang terbentuknya Desa Talaga Besar Kecamatan Talaga Raya Kabupaten Buton Tengah? (2) Bagaimana berkembangan Desa Talaga Besar Kecamatan Talaga Raya Kabupaten Buton Tengah Tahun 1977-2017? Metode sejarah tersebut adalah: (a) Pemilihan topik (b) Heuristik (Pengumpulan Data) (c) Verifikasi (Kritik Sejarah) (d) Interpretasi (e) Historiografi (kritik sejarah). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: (1) Desa Talaga Besar awalnya hanya dijadikan tempat untuk berkebun atau bercocok tanam, misalnya menanam jagung dan ubi kayu sebagai makanan pokok masyarakat setempat dan pada umumnya masyarakat Buton. Karena seiring berjalannya waktu dan peradaban serta jumlah penduduk semakin bertambah banyak. Pemerintah daerah berinisiatif memekarkan desa Talaga Besar menjadi desa definitif. Faktor-faktor yang mendukung terbentuknya Desa Talaga Besar ini ialah: (a) Adanya peranan pemimpin yang selalu memberikan motivasi kepada warga untuk aktif dalam setiap kegiatan yang sifatnya membangun. (b) Faktor pendukung diantaranya faktor geografis (wilayah), faktor demografi (penduduk), dan faktor ekonomi. (2) Perkembangan Desa Talaga Besar dalam bidang ekonomi, sebagian besar masyarakat Talaga Besar menggantungkan hidupnya di bidang pertanian dan perdagangan yang telah dilakukan dan dikembangkan secara turun temurun. Di bidang sosial, hubungan sosial kemasyarakatan antara warga Desa Talaga Besar cukup harmonis. Di bidang pendidikan, perkembangan pendidikan di Desa Talaga Besar pada khususnya dan Kecamatan Talaga Raya pada umumnya mengalami perkembangan pendidikan yang boleh dikatakan sudah cukup baik dan infrastruktur lebih baik bila dibandingkan dengan keadaan sebelumnya. Kata Kunci: Sejarah, Desa, Talaga BesarABSTRACT: The main problems in this study are: (1) What is the background of the formation of Talaga Besar Village, Talaga Raya District, Buton Tengah Regency? (2) How did the development of Talaga Besar Village, Talaga Raya District, Buton Tengah Regecy Year 1977-2017? The historical methods are: (a) Selection of topics (b) Heuristics (Data Collection) (c) Verification (Historical Criticism) (d) Interpretation (e) Historiography (historical criticism). The results of this study indicate that: (1) Talaga Besar Village was originally only used as a place for gardening or farming, for example planting corn and cassava as a staple food for the local community and in general the Buton people. Because over time and civilization as well as the population increases. The regional government took the initiative to split the village of Talaga Besar into a definitive village. The factors that support the formation of the Talaga Besar Village are: (a) There is a role of leaders who always motivate citizens to be active in any constructive activity. (b) Supporting factors include geographical factors (region), demographic factors (population), and economic factors. (2) The development of Talaga Besar Village in the economic field, most of the Talaga Besar people depend their lives on agriculture and trade which have been carried out and developed for generations. In the social field, social relations between the people of Talaga Besar Village are quite harmonious. In the field of education, the development of education in the village of Talaga Besar in particular and the Talaga Raya sub-district in general experienced a development of education which was arguably quite good and the infrastructure was better when compared to the previous situation. Keywords: History, Village, Great Talaga

scholarly journals PERUBAHAN PERAN PEMUKA ADAT PUNYIMBANG PADA MASYARAKAT ADAT PEPADUN

SOSIETAS ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saras Sarita ◽  
Siti Nurbayani
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Public Response ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
The Village

This study is about the changing role of traditional leaders called punyimbang in pepadun community. This research was conducted in the village of Terbanggi Besar, Terbanggi Besar District of Central Lampung regency. This research was motivated by the social and cultural changes taking place in society. The research is a qualitative research method of case study that compares difference conditions punyimbang role ago and today. The results of this study are firstly the social and cultural changes that occurred in the community so that the role punyimbang the first switch and always involved in every aspect of community life is starting at left, second, the factors that cause changes in this role is the modernization that began touching indigenous peoples pepadun village Terbanggi great so that people began to leave things that are traditional, third, these changes have an impact on the conflict in the community, due to the people lost figure punyimbang that exemplifies the good things that people are starting to do a lot of irregularities such as conflict between villages, spoliation, and the conflict between generations, fourth, related to the changing role of public response punyimbang happens is people still assume the existence punyimbang needed as long as there customary held by the public but does not bind as before.

scholarly journals PERAN OBJEK WISATA AGUSEN DALAM MENAMBAH PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT (STUDI DI GAMPONG AGUSEN KECAMATAN BLANGKEJEREN KABUPATEN GAYO LUES)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakdiah ◽  
Zulfadli ◽  
Sulaimasyah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Shared Responsibility ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Inhibiting Factor ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village

The Role of Agusen Tourism Objects in Increasing Community Income (Study in Agusen Village, Blangkejeren District, Gayo Lues Regency). Tourism is an activity that directly touches and engages the community, thus bringing various impacts on the local community. As for the problems in this paper are (1) How the role of the agusen tourist attraction in increasing the income of the people who are in the Agusen Village, Blangkejeren District, Gayo Lues Regency. (2) What factors support and hinder Agusen tourism objects in increasing the people's income in Agusen Village, Blangkejeren District, Gayo Lues Regency. This study aims to determine the role of Agusen attractions in increasing community income in the Agusen Village, Blangkejeren Subdistrict, Gayo lues Regency, and also to find out the supporting factors and inhibiting the role of attractions in increasing the income of Agusen Gampong Subdistricts, Blangkejeren District, Gayo Lues Regency. To obtain the data the author uses a qualitative method, with a descriptive analysis approach, while the data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. From the results of the study it can be that: the existence of attractions in increasing community income is a shared responsibility. The existence of attractions can be said to be quite successful in increasing the income of the community in the Agusen Village, Blangkejeren District, Gayo Lues Regency. The supporting factors for Agusen attractions are the good cooperation between the community, the government and the village apparatus. As for the inhibiting factor is due to the absence of specific regulations either from the village or the government so that there are still irregularities in carrying out the task of adding to the community's income in the Agusen Village, Blangkejeren District, Gayo Lues Regency.Keywords: Role, Tourism Objects, Community Income.

scholarly journals Peningkatan Peran Pendakwah Perempuan di Masyarakat di Desa Sananwetan Kecamatan Sananwetan Kota Blitar Analisis Teori Kelompok Bungkam (Muted Group Theory) dan Teori Feminisme

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Nurliya Ni’matul Rohmah
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Village Community ◽  
Women Preachers ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Village ◽  
Research Recommendations

Abstrak:   Fokus penelitian ini adalah bagaimana nilai seorang pendakwah perempuan dalam dakwah Islam serta peran pendakwah perempuan dalam peningkatan dakwah Islam di desa Sananwetan kecamatan Sananwetan kota Blitar? Untuk mengidentifikasi permasalahan tersebut secara mendalam dan menyeluruh, peneliti menggunakan paradigma penelitian fenomenologi. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif, karena penelitian ini berusaha menangkap dan memahami realitas sosial ataupun fenomena yang ada. Selain itu tujuan penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah ingin mengetahui nilai seorang pendakwah perempuan serta perannya dalam peningkatan dakwah Islam di desa Sananwetan yang dianalisis menurut teori kelompok bungkam dan feminisme. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh melalui 3 cara, yakni dengan metode wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumentasi serta didukung dengan menggunakan teknik sosiometri. Syari’at Islam memberikan kewajiban yang sama kepada laki-laki dan perempuan untuk menjalankan dakwah. Meskipun dalam stratafikasi tanggung jawab berbeda. Perjuangan pendakwah perempuan di desa Sananwetan untuk meningkatkan perannya dalam dakwah agar seimbang dengan para pendakwah laki-laki di masyarakat desa Sananwetan, pada awalnya kurang dapat diterima oleh masyarakat desa Sananwetan itu sendiri. Mereka terbungkam secara psikologis oleh suami dalam batasan waktu dan wilayah dakwah, serta budaya masyarakat yang kurang berkenan dengan adanya seorang pendakwah perempuan. Pada akhirnya, dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa setelah adanya gerakan feminisme pendakwah perempuan yang dikembangkan oleh Ibu Salamah dalam kegiatan khataman al-Qur’an dan peduli kasihnya serta Ibu Utami dalam kegiatan arisan qurbannya, menjadikan nilai mereka sebagai seorang pendakwah perempuan terangkat di mata masyarakat. Sehingga peranan mereka dalam dakwah sudah dianggap setara sebagai pendamping ataupun mitra bagi pendakwah laki-laki dan kaum laki-laki lainnya tidak hanya dalam dakwah, namun juga pada ranah yang lain. Penelitian ini belumlah sempurna, untuk itu peneliti membutuhkan saran-saran mendukung sebagai rekomendasi penelitian ke depan. Abstract :  Focus of this research is how the value of a women preachers in Islamic da'wah and the role of women preachers in increasing Islamic da'wah in Sananwetan village, Sananwetan sub-district, Blitar city? To identify the problems deeply and thoroughly, the researcher uses a phenomenological paradigm research. Approached used is a qualitative approach, because this research seeks to capture and understand the social reality or existing phenomena. In addition, the author's purpose in this research is to know the value of a women preacher and her role in increasing Islamic da'wah in the village of Sananwetan analyzed according to the theory of silence group and feminism. The data in this research is obtained through 3 ways ie by interview method, observation and documentation study and supported by using sociometric technique. Islamic Shari'ah gives the same obligation to men and women to carry out da'wah. Even though the stratafication of responsibilities is different. The struggle of women preachers in Sananwetan village to increase their role in da'wah to be balanced with male preachers in Sananwetan village community was initially less acceptable to the people of Sananwetan village itself. They are psychologically silenced by husbands within the timeframe and dakwah area, as well as the culture of the people who are less pleased with the presence of women preachers. In the end, in this research found that after the movement of feminism of women preachers developed by Mrs. Salamah in activity of khataman al-Qur'an with her caring and love and Mrs. Utami in arisan qurban activity, made their value as a woman preacher lifted in society eye. So, their role in da'wah is considered equal as a companion or partner for the preacher of men and not only in da'wah, but also in other realms. This research is not perfect yet, for that researchers need supportive suggestions as research recommendations in the future.

Popularitas Tari Piring sebagai Identitas Budaya Minangkabau

Panggung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrayuda
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Origin Area

ABSTRACT This article aims to explain the existence of Tari Piring dance as a culture identity of Minang- kabau people, both the people who live in the origin area and outside the area. Tari Piring dance is a traditional cultural heritage of Minangkabau people which is used and preserved by Minangkabau people in their life so that it becomes culture identity of Minangkabau people. As the identity of Minangkabau people, Piring dance is able to express attitudes and behaviors as well as the charac- teristics of Minangkabau people. The dance can serve as a reflection of social and cultural life style of Minangkabau society. Through Tari Piring performance, the outsider can understand Minangkabau people and their culture. Tari Piring, therefore, is getting more adhere to the social life of Minang- kabau people in West Sumatra and in the regions overseas. In the spirit of togetherness, Minang- kabau society preserves the existence of Piring dance as the identity and cultural heritage up to the present time. Keywords: Piring Dance, Minangkabau culture  ABSTRAK Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan keberadaan Tari Piring sebagai identitas bu- daya masyarakat Minangkabau, baik yang berada di daerah asal maupun di daerah peran- tauan. Tari Piring merupakan warisan budaya tradisional masyarakat Minangkabau yang digunakan dan dilestarikan oleh masyarakat Minangkabau dalam kehidupannya sehingga menjadi identitas budaya Minangkabau. Sebagai jati diri masyarakat Minangkabau, Tari Piring mampu mengungkapkan sikap dan prilaku serta karakteristik orang Minangkabau. Tari Piring dapat berperan sebagai cerminan dari corak kehidupan sosial budaya masyara- kat Minangkabau. Melalui pertunjukan Tari Piring, masyarakat luar dapat memahami orang Minangkabau dan budayanya. Oleh karena itu, sampai saat ini Tari Piring semakin melekat dengan kehidupan sosial masyarakat Minangkabau di Sumatera Barat maupun di daerah perantauan. Dengan semangat kebersamaan, masyarakat Minangkabau mampu mempertahankan keberadaan Tari Piring sebagai identitas dan warisan budayanya hingga masa kini. Kata kunci : Tari Piring, budaya Minangkabau

Mereka yang Tidak Dibayar Tinggi: Ibuisme, Taman Kanak-kanak, dan Kampung di Indramayu

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Mochammad Arief Wicaksono
Keyword(s):  
Kindergarten Teachers ◽  
New Order ◽  
The Family ◽  
Role Of Women ◽  
Community Pressure ◽  
The Village ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
The Ideal

The ideology of state-ibuism has always been interwoven with how the New Order regime until nowadays government constructing the “ideal” role of women in the family and community through the PKK (Pembinaan Kesejahteraan Keluarga) organization. However, in Cangkring Village, Indramayu, the ideology of ibuism works not because of the massive government regulating the role of women through the PKK organization, but it is possible because of the structure of the kampung community itself. Through involved observations and in-depth interviews about a kindergarten in the village, a group of housewives who dedicated themselves to teaching in kindergarten were met without getting paid high. From these socio-cultural phenomenons, this paper will describe descriptively and analytically that housewives in the Cangkring village are willing to become kindergarten teachers because of their moral burden as part of the warga kampung and also from community pressure from people who want their children to be able to read and write.

GERAKAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG LABALUBA DESA KONTUMERE KECAMATAN KABAWO KABUPATEN MUNA TAHUN 1960-1980

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurwan Nurwan ◽  
Ali Hadara ◽  
La Batia
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Movement Process ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

ABSTRAK: Inti pokok masalah dalam penelitian ini meliputi latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, Faktor-faktor yang mendorong gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna dan akibat gerakan sosial masyarakat Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna? Latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba yaitu keadaan kampungnya yang hanya terdiri dari beberapa kepala keluarga tiap kampung dan jarak yang jauh masing-masing kampung membuat keadaan masyarakatnya sulit untuk berkomnikasi dan tiap kampung hanya terdiri dari lima sampai dengan tujuh kepala keluarga saja. Kampung ini letaknya paling timur pulau Muna terbentang dari ujung kota Raha sekarang sampai kampung Wakuru yang saat ini. Kondisi ini juga yang menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab kampung ini kurang berkembang baik dibidang ekonomi, sosial politik, pendidikan maupun di bidang kebudayaan. Keadaan ini diperparah lagi dengan sifat dan karakter penduduknya yang masih sangat primitif. Faktor yang mendorong adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna adalah adanya ketidaksesuaian antara keinginan pemerintah setempat dan masyarakat yang mendiami Kampung Labaluba pada waktu itu. Sedangkan proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna bermula ketika pemerintah seolah memaksakan kehendaknya kepada rakyat yang menyebabkan rakyat tidak setuju dengan kebijakan tersebut. Akibat yang ditimbulkan dari adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna terbagi dua yaitu akibat positif dan akibat negatif.Kata Kunci: Gerakan Sosial, Factor dan Dampaknya ABSTRACT: The main issues in this study include the background of the social movement of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, Factors that encourage social movements of Labaluba Kampung Sub-village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, the social movement process of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District Muna Regency and due to Labaluba community social movements Kontumere Village Kabawo District Muna Regency? The background of the Labaluba Kampung community social movement is that the condition of the village consists of only a few heads of households per village and the distance of each village makes it difficult for the community to communicate and each village only consists of five to seven households. This village is located east of the island of Muna stretching from the edge of the city of Raha now to the current village of Wakuru. This condition is also one of the factors causing the village to be less developed in the economic, social political, educational and cultural fields. This situation is made worse by the very primitive nature and character of the population. The factor that motivated the existence of the social movement of Labaluba Village in Kontumere Village, Kabawo Subdistrict, Muna Regency was the mismatch between the wishes of the local government and the people who inhabited Labaluba Village at that time. While the process of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency began when the government seemed to impose its will on the people, causing the people to disagree with the policy. The consequences arising from the existence of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency are divided into two, namely positive and negative effects. Keywords: Social Movements, Factors and their Impacts

TOLERANSI DAN KERUKUNAN ANTARUMAT BERAGAMA (POLA KOMUNIKASI TOKOH AGAMA DESA ANGGRASMANIS, JENAWI, KARANGANYAR)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Noval Setiawan ◽  
Sarbini Sarbini
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Qualitative Description ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
The People ◽  
Direct Feedback ◽  
The Village

The people who live in Anggrasmanis village, consist of various kinds of religions. There are Islam, Christian, and Hinduism. The tolerance between religious communities in Anggrasmanis village was maintained even though it was often tinged with tension and suspicion. This encourages religious figure to build communication. This study aims to describe how the pattern of communication inter-religious figures in Anggrasmanis village, so attitude of tolerance is born. The type of research used  is a qualitative description method with qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. Researchers’ finding communication patterns of religious figures in Anggrasmanis village are linear communication patterns and circular communication patterns that occur in direct conversation between religious figures and direct feedback. The role of religious figures to building tolerance at Anggrasmanis village is by participating in activities at the village such as religious holidays.

scholarly journals A Systematic Literature Review of Historic Garden Management and Its Economic Aspects

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 10679
Author(s):  
Cassandra Funsten ◽  
Valeria Borsellino ◽  
Emanuele Schimmenti
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
The People ◽  
Clear Vision ◽  
The Social ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Recent Policy

Historic gardens are important parts of humanity’s built heritage within the designed landscape, providing many environmental, economic and socio-cultural benefits. Management is a key part of their conservation, perhaps the most difficult because it is costly, must be continual, and requires a skilled workforce. This systematic review looks at the literature addressing historic garden management, with special attention regarding the social, economic and environmental aspects of sustainability. Academic studies on this subject come from many different disciplines, making it both stimulating and fragmented. It is now time to consolidate these interdisciplinary efforts into a clear vision, including a framework of key themes and research methods so as to better coordinate efforts and make the information and innovation generated more accessible to the garden managers “in the trenches”. With this aim, reviewed studies are classified according to 10 criteria: supply or demand orientation; management phase involved; primary sustainability processes addressed; geographic criteria; number of sites covered; policy documents referred to; kind of data collected; study methods employed; possibility of bias specifically regarding historic gardens; garden use. An analysis of these criteria shows that historic garden management literature focuses on describing the gardens themselves, with few studies interested in the people supporting them. Future research should follow recent policy documents’ lead and pay more attention to community value and involvement.

The Role of Religious Force in the Wukan Incident

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hou Yuxin
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
The Political ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
Social Management ◽  
The Village

Abstract The Wukan Incident attracted extensive attention both in China and around the world, and has been interpreted from many different perspectives. In both the media and academia, the focus has very much been on the temporal level of the Incident. The political and legal dimensions, as well as the implications of the Incident in terms of human rights have all been pored over. However, what all of these discussions have overlooked is the role played by religious force during the Incident. The village of Wukan has a history of over four hundred years, and is deeply influenced by the religious beliefs of its people. Within both the system of religious beliefs and in everyday life in the village, the divine immortal Zhenxiu Xianweng and the religious rite of casting shengbei have a powerful influence. In times of peace, Xianweng and casting shengbei work to bestow good fortune, wealth and longevity on both the village itself, and the individuals who live there. During the Wukan Incident, they had a harmonizing influence, and helped to unify and protect the people. Looking at the specific roles played by religion throughout the Wukan Incident will not only enable us to develop a more meaningful understanding of the cultural nature and the complexity of the Incident itself, it will also enrich our understanding, on a divine level, of innovations in social management.

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