Implementación de herramientas de manufactura esbelta en una empresa de mantenimiento y servicio de locomotoras

Continuous improvement is a key element for the competitiveness of companies seeking to increase the quality of a process, product, or service. This project aims to apply continuous improvement in a locomotive service and maintenance process, which works for the railway industry in the country. Low efficiency and productivity were identified in the remanufacturing of axles and wheels in the Combos area, where the improvement project was carried out. The Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control (DMAIC) methodology was used through the application of lean manufacturing tools to eliminate or reduce activities that do not add value. As a result, reduced transport times, standardization of operations, and improved staff safety were achieved. The above together significantly impacted the time cycle of processes, managing to increase efficiency by 7.52%.

Sistema de Aseguramiento de Calidad (SAC), basado en la metodología Six Sigma para reducir la variabilidad de tono en los procesos de inyección-soplo de plástico

This application develops a Quality Assurance System (SAC), designed in accordance with the requirements of the injection-blow production process corresponding to the plastics industry, which contributes 2.6% of the national GDP. The objective raises the quantitative improvement of the Sigma level of the analyzed company, seeking a reduction of 20% in the costs generated by the problem called "tone variation", originated in the plastic injection-blow production line, based on the methodology Six Sigma (DMAIC). The methodology consists of five phases, which allow the achievement of the proposed objective: Phase 1. Define the problem, Phase 2. Data collection and analysis, Phase 3. Analysis of the causes and critical factors of the problem, Phase 4. Proposal for improvement of the implementation of tools to solve the problem, Phase 5. Control: design of a measurement system to ensure the stability of product quality. With the implementation of the tools derived from the analysis and the results obtained in each phase, a level of 3.7 σ is obtained, increasing by 0.3 σ, with respect to the initial Sigma level of 3.4, translated into an annual economic saving of $ 141,120.00.

Construcción de un sensor electroquímico para determinación de gases contaminantes en el aire (CO, CO2 y O3), empleado una tarjeta Arduino

As humanity evolves, air pollution has increased due to the various anthropogenic activities that man carries out, alienating emissions of gases and polluting particles to the environment, seriously affecting the health of living beings and the planet, since these cause Irreversible physical and chemical alterations in the environment, becoming a major problem worldwide. In Mexico there are meteorological stations that measure air quality and they are only found at fixed points, however, they do not cover all areas of the State of Mexico, the deterioration of air quality brings with it an increase in respiratory and cardiovascular diseases ; That is why this project's main objective is to build a portable electrochemical sensor using an Arduino board, using customizable software capable of quantifying and analyzing three polluting gases CO, CO2 and O3, especially in the municipality of Chimalhuacán located in the area East of the State of México.

Perfil del sector de alta tecnología en México: Una aproximación a la realidad

This article is the result of an exploratory research with the purpose of elucidating the profile of High Technology (TA) companies in Mexico, in relation to the processes of technological research and development, investment and cooperation. The information was obtained through a digital questionnaire that was sent to the companies via the internet. 112 companies from the Aerospace, Automotive, Manufacturing and IT sectors from seven states that have at least five sectors specialized in High Technology participated; Baja California, Chihuahua, the State of Mexico, Jalisco, Nuevo León, Puebla and Querétaro. Descriptive statistics techniques were used to process the data. One of the possibly known realities is that national companies are located in TA because of the company's line of work or activity, and not because of obtaining results as part of an intense Technological Research and Development process (TRD). These findings are a route for reflection and design of strategies that link various actors to jointly provide solutions: industry, society, academia, and government contribute to position México in the international framework of the knowledge economy and the achievement of better business economic results from the consequences obtained from innovation activities.

Control par calculado para seguimiento de trayectoria aplicado a la dinámica de un robot de 3gdl con propósitos didácticos

The article shows the needed procedure to obtain the dynamic model of a robot, with the purpose of being able to follow a planned path using the control law “CTC” Computed Torque Control. The robot was designed in a simple way for didactic reasons, this robot has three degrees of freedom, four links and three joints to move around in the work place. Two out of these joints are rotatory joints meanwhile the third one is a prismatic joint. The dynamic model of the robot is obtained using the Jacobians and Christoffel symbols of the center of mas of each link. Also including the Gravitational vector and the frictions of each joint. The objective of the dynamic model is to be able to simulate the robot in “Simulink” and test different paths using the computed torque control in which the gains of the control will be manipulated until a value that satisfies the desired path is found

Modelado Matemático de un Controlador PID de Ganancia Variable dependiente del Punto de Consigna en la Salida de un PID Convencional

A PID control structure was modified proposed by K. Ogata. It is proposed a structure Nonlinear PID control, implemented using analogical electronics. A mathematical model was obtained using conventional methods. It was proved the validity of the model obtained comparing against the response of the model proposed by K. Ogata. It was concluded that the proposed structure is stable.

Relación entre depresión y promedio escolar en estudiantes de la Facultad de Psicología y Terapia de la Comunicación Humana, UJED, campus Durango

Objective: to identify the relationship between depression and the school average in students of the Faculty of Psychology and Therapy of Human Communication, UJED. Depression was assessed by the Beck Test to 110 students. It is a quantitative, exploratory, non-experimental, observational and cross-sectional study, with descriptive and correlational statistical analysis, with non-probabilistic sampling for convenience. Chronbach's alpha of the analyzed data was 0.89. 50% of the students presented some level of depression, with a significant correlation between depression and the school average with r: -. 247 and p: .009. Contribution: the results indicate that, in a very weak, but statistically significant way, the higher the school average, the lower the level of depression among students. The high frequency of the incidence of depression in the sample studied plus the significant correlation, suggest the need to implement depression care programs concurrent to the educational process.

Análisis teórico de una chimenea solar con tres canales de flujo de aire

A solar chimney configuration consisting of three air flow channels divided by two metallic plate, placed in the center of the chimney between two acrylic covers, leading to symmetric air flow, is proposed as an alternative for the design of natural ventilation systems for buildings in tropical and subtropical climatic zones The solar chimney dimensions are 2.0 m height, 1.0 m width, and gap between channels of 0.30 m. These dimensions are appropriate for the design of ventilation systems for residential buildings in central México. A Numerical simulation using the global mass and energy balances in steady state was utilized to evaluate the efficacy of the proposed configuration. The temperature profiles, calculated for a typical hot day in a tropical region, reveal that the configuration is more efficient than the single channel chimney, achieving thermal efficiency values near 75%. This solar chimney configuration can be used with better results than the traditional design as an alternative for natural ventilation systems in residential buildings without a significant increase in the cost of the residence investment.

Manifestaciones y Capacidad de Afrontamiento del Estrés Académico en Estudiantes de la Facultad de Psicología y Terapia de la Comunicación Humana (FPYTCH) del Estado de Durango

In higher education, students are susceptible to the manifestation of stress. Objectives: to determine the presence of academic stress in psychology students of the FPYTCH; Identify the main stressors in the participants of the psychology career of the FPYTCH. Methodology: This investigation was non-experimental, exploratory, observational, by survey, cross-sectional and descriptive, in a non-probabilistic sample obtained by accident and for convenience, after signing an informed consent. Procedure: 122 students participated in the semesters of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 7th and 8th grade, to whom the academic stress questionnaire was applied. For statistical processing the spss software version 20.0 was used. Contribution: The Cronbach Alpha of the analyzed data was 0.94. Of the 29 variables analyzed, only two showed that there is almost always academic stress which are: 1) teacher evaluations and 2) the type of work requested by teachers. Therefore, it is considered that there is little presence of variables with academic stress, and therefore it can be considered that students have a good capacity to face the academic environment.

Aprendizajes clave y su impacto en el ámbito socioemocional del estudiante de nivel secundaria

The progressive advancement of societies as a result of globalization establishes a competitive scenario in which the individual must seek continuous improvement and compliance with professionalization standards. Therefore, the objective of this research is to know the repercussions of the application of the new educational model in secondary education institutions on educational quality. The sample consisted of 50 secondary school teachers, aged between 23 and 45 years. An instrument was applied with 4 signalitic variables and 36 variables of the study phenomenon, considered with a scale of decimal ratio; which were processed in the statistical programs SPSS and Statistica. The main results show that the evaluation of teaching performance is significant to highlight the application of didactic procedures that ensure student learning. In addition, as long as human development and socio-emotional education are promoted, satisfactory results will be obtained in the application of the new educational model. Therefore, it is proposed to carry out continuous improvement forums where students, teachers, executives, parents and social agents that derive in the creation of public policies participate.