scholarly journals Active antibacterial coating of cotton fabrics with antimicrobial proteins

Cellulose ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Y. Xu ◽  
Duncan J. McGillivray ◽  
Andrew J. Dingley
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antimicrobial Proteins

AbstractThe prevention of bacteria colonization by immobilizing proteins with antimicrobial activity onto cotton fabrics was investigated. Such coatings have potential applications in medical dressing materials used in wound care and healing. Two antimicrobial proteins lysozyme and hydramacin-1 (HM-1) were surface immobilized through two linkers (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) and citric acid in the presence of the water soluble carbodiimide coupling reagent 1-cyclohexyl-3-(2-morpholinoethyl)carbodiimide metho-p-toluenesulfonate. Surface composition analysis by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies confirmed formation of the protein-cellulose conjugates. Antimicrobial activities of the different functionalized surfaces were found to vary between APTES and citric acid directed coatings. Citric acid immobilized lysozyme treated samples demonstrated superior activity against Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, whereas APTES immobilized HM-1 treated samples demonstrated an advantage in inhibiting the growth of Gram-negative Escherichia coli. The antibacterial activity and stability of citric acid immobilized protein fabrics following sonication, boiling and chemical treatment were noticeably higher than that of the corresponding APTES immobilized protein fabrics. The dual coating of fibers with both antimicrobial proteins afforded efficient antimicrobial activities against both bacterial species. The results suggest that coating cotton fibers with antimicrobial proteins and peptides represents a feasible approach for developing active surfaces that prohibit growth and colonization of bacterial strains and can be potentially used in medical cotton-based fabrics.

scholarly journals Preparation and Mechanism of Flame-Retardant Cotton Fabric with Phosphoramidate Siloxane Polymer through Multistep Coating

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1538
Author(s):  
Denghui Xu ◽  
Shijie Wang ◽  
Yimin Wang ◽  
Yun Liu ◽  
Chaohong Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Siloxane Polymer ◽  
Coated Cotton

To improve the water solubility of phosphoramidate siloxane and decrease the amount of flame-retardant additives used in the functional coating for cotton fabrics, a water-soluble phosphoramidate siloxane polymer (PDTSP) was synthesized by sol-gel technology and flame-retardant cotton fabrics were prepared with a multistep coating process. A vertical flammability test, limited oxygen index (LOI), thermogravimetric analysis, and cone calorimetry were performed to investigate the thermal behavior and flame retardancy of PDTSP-coated fabrics. The coated cotton fabrics and their char residues after combustion were studied by attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). All results presented that PDTSP-coated cotton fabrics had good flame retardancy and char-forming properties. PDTSP coating was demonstrated to posess gas-phase flame-retardant mechanism as well as a condensed phase flame-retardant mechanism, which can be confirmed by thermogravimetric analysis-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR) and cone calorimetry test. Also, the preparation process had little effect on the tensile strength of cotton fabrics, although the air permeability and whiteness had a slight decrease. After different washing cycles, the coated samples still maintained good char-forming properties.

scholarly journals Essential Oils from Fruit and Vegetables, Aromatic Herbs, and Spices: Composition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1091
Author(s):  
Soumi De-Montijo-Prieto ◽  
María del Carmen Razola-Díaz ◽  
Ana María Gómez-Caravaca ◽  
Eduardo Jesús Guerra-Hernandez ◽  
María Jiménez-Valera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Food Preservation ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Agar Dilution Method ◽  
Bacterial Strains

In the field of food preservation, encapsulated Essential Oils (EOs) could be the best non-toxic and eco-friendly tool for food preservative applications substituting the chemicals ones that have several disadvantages for the environment and health. Thirteen commercial EOs from plants, fruits, and vegetables were characterized by GC-MS. The antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH and ABTS techniques. Antimicrobial activity was assessed by agar well-diffusion method and the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) by agar dilution method against six bacteria, Candida albicans, and Botrytis cinerea. All the EOs tested have demonstrated antioxidant activity in the range of IC50 0.01–105.32 mg/mL. Between them, cinnamon EOs were the best, followed by oregano and thyme EOs. Fennel EO showed the lowest radical scavenging. MIC values ranged from 0.14 to 9 mg/mL. C. cassia, thyme, and oregano EOs were the most effective against the bacterial species tested, and the yeast C. albicans. On the contrary, citric fruit EOs showed low or no inhibition against most bacterial strains. The percentages of inhibition of mycelia growth of B. cinerea ranged from 3.4 to 98.5%. Thyme, oregano, mint, and fennel EOs showed the highest inhibition.

scholarly journals Tetracycline Water Soluble Formulations with Enhanced Antimicrobial Activity

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 845
Author(s):  
A. Meretoudi ◽  
C. N. Banti ◽  
P. Siafarika ◽  
A. G. Kalampounias ◽  
S. K. Hadjikakou
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

The negligible water solubility of tetracycline (TC), a well-known antibiotic of clinical use, is the major disadvantage for its oral administration. With the aim to improve the water solubility of TC, the micelles of formulae SLS@TC and CTAB@TC (SLS = sodium lauryl sulphate and CTAB = cetrimonium bromide) were synthesized. The micelles SLS@TC and CTAB@TC were characterized by melting point (m.p.), thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), differential scanning calorimetry (DTG/DSC), attenuated total reflection spectroscopy (FT-IR-ATR), ultra-violet visible (UV/vis) spectroscopy, proton nucleus magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy, and the ultrasonically-induced biregringence technique. The antimicrobial activity of SLS@TC and CTAB@TC was evaluated, by means of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and inhibition zone (IZ), against the Gram negative bacterial strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) and the Gram positive ones of the genus of Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Generally, both micelles show better activity than that of TC against the microbial strains tested. Thus, the MIC value of CTAB@TC is 550-fold higher than that of free TC against S. epidermidis. Despite the stronger activity of CTAB@TC than SLS@TC against both Gram negative and Gram positive microbes, SLS@TC is classified as a bactericidal agent (in that it eliminates 99.9% of the microbes), in contrast to CTAB@TC, which is bacteriostatic one (inhibits, but does not kill the organisms). The toxicity of SLS@TC and CTAB@TC was evaluated against human corneal eukaryotic cells (HCECs). Moreover, SLS@TC and CTAB@TC exhibit low in vivo toxicity against Artemia salina, even at concentrations up to threefold higher than those of their MICmax. Therefore, SLS@TC and CTAB@TC can be candidates for the development of new antibiotics.

Impact of water-soluble zwitterionic Zn(II) phthalocyanines against pathogenic bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanya Mantareva ◽  
Cem Gol ◽  
Vesselin Kussovski ◽  
Mahmut Durmuş ◽  
Ivan Angelov
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
3T3 Cells ◽  
Zinc Phthalocyanines ◽  
Structural Differences

Abstract The photodynamic impact of water-soluble zwitterionic zinc phthalocyanines (ZnPc1–4) was studied on pathogenic bacterial strains after specific light exposure (LED 665 nm). The structural differences between the studied ZnPc1–4 are in the positions and the numbers of substitution groups as well as in the bridging atoms (sulfur or oxygen) between substituents and macrocycle. The three peripherally substituted compounds (ZnPc1–3) are tetra-2-(N-propanesulfonic acid)oxypyridine (ZnPc1), tetra-2-(N-propanesulfonic acid)mercaptopyridine (ZnPc2), and octa-substituted 2-(N-propanesulfonic acid)mercaptopyridine (ZnPc3). The nonperipherally substituted compound is tetra-2-(N-propanesulfonic acid)mercaptopyridine (ZnPc4). The uptake and localization capability are studied on Gram (+) Enterococcus faecalis and Gram (−) Pseudomonas aeruginosa as suspensions and as 48 h biofilms. Relatively high accumulations of ZnPc1–4 show bacteria in suspensions with different cell density. The compounds have complete penetration in E. faecalis biofilms but with nonhomogenous distribution in P. aeruginosa biomass. The cytotoxicity test (Balb/c 3T3 Neutral Red Uptake) with ZnPc1–4 suggests the lack of dark toxicity on normal cells. However, only ZnPc3 has a minimal photocytotoxic effect toward Balb/c 3T3 cells and a comparable high potential in the photoinactivation of pathogenic bacterial species.

scholarly journals Survival of Bacterial Strains on Wood (Quercus petraea) Compared to Polycarbonate, Aluminum and Stainless Steel

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Ju-Chi Chen ◽  
Muhammad Tanveer Munir ◽  
Florence Aviat ◽  
Didier Lepelletier ◽  
Patrice Le Pape ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Quercus Petraea ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Potential Reservoir ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Healthcare-associated infections (HAI) remain a burden in healthcare facilities, environmental surfaces being a potential reservoir for healthcare-associated pathogens. In this context, exploration of materials with potential antimicrobial activities represents a way forward for the future. Here, we explored the survival of four bacterial species commonly involved in HAI (Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus), on oak versus three other materials (aluminum, polycarbonate, stainless steel). Twenty microliters of each bacterial suspension (approximatively 107 bacteria) were deposited on each material. Bacterial counts were measured by grinding and culturing on day 0, 1, 2, 6, 7 and 15. Analyses were performed in triplicate for each material and each time evaluated. It appeared that the bacteria viable count decreased rapidly on transversal and tangential oak compared with the other materials for all bacterial species. Furthermore, no difference was noticed between transversal and tangential oak. These results underline the potential for use of oak materials in healthcare facilities, a consideration that should be supported by further investigations.

scholarly journals Acetan and Acetan-Like Polysaccharides: Genetics, Biosynthesis, Structure, and Viscoelasticity

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 815
Author(s):  
Janja Trček ◽  
Iztok Dogsa ◽  
Tomaž Accetto ◽  
David Stopar
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Acetic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Genetic Cluster ◽  
Water Release ◽  
Komagataeibacter Xylinus

Bacteria produce a variety of multifunctional polysaccharides, including structural, intracellular, and extracellular polysaccharides. They are attractive for the industrial sector due to their natural origin, sustainability, biodegradability, low toxicity, stability, unique viscoelastic properties, stable cost, and supply. When incorporated into different matrices, they may control emulsification, stabilization, crystallization, water release, and encapsulation. Acetan is an important extracellular water-soluble polysaccharide produced mainly by bacterial species of the genera Komagataeibacter and Acetobacter. Since its original description in Komagataeibacter xylinus, acetan-like polysaccharides have also been described in other species of acetic acid bacteria. Our knowledge on chemical composition of different acetan-like polysaccharides, their viscoelasticity, and the genetic basis for their production has expanded during the last years. Here, we review data on acetan biosynthesis, its molecular structure, genetic organization, and mechanical properties. In addition, we have performed an extended bioinformatic analysis on acetan-like polysaccharide genetic clusters in the genomes of Komagataeibacter and Acetobacter species. The analysis revealed for the first time a second acetan-like polysaccharide genetic cluster, that is widespread in both genera. All species of the Komagataeibacter possess at least one acetan genetic cluster, while it is present in only one third of the Acetobacter species surveyed.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Characterization of a Non-Polar Extract of Saffron Stamens in Food Matrix

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
Severino Zara ◽  
Giacomo L. Petretto ◽  
Alberto Mannu ◽  
Giacomo Zara ◽  
Marilena Budroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Food Matrix ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
By Products

The production of saffron spice generates large quantities of plant by-products: over 90% of the plant material collected is discarded, and a consideration fraction of this waste is plant stamens. This work investigated the chemical composition and the antimicrobial activities of the non-polar fraction extracted from four different saffron flower stamens. The chemical composition of ethereal extracts of the saffron stamens was qualitatively assessed by means of gas–chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses. These analyses revealed ethereal extracts to possess a high polyunsaturated fatty acid content. In vitro antibacterial activity of stamen extracts showed no large differences between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in terms of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). In food matrix microbial analysis of the bacterial strains belonging to the main foodborne pathogen species, including Staphylococcus aureus DSM 20231, Escherichia coli DSM 30083, and Listeria monocytogenes DSM 20600, using low-fat UHT milk, revealed a statistically significant reduction in the number of cells (particularly for E. coli and S. aureus with a complete elimination of the population of the two target bacteria following incubation in diethyl ether extracts of saffron stamen (DES) at high concentrations tested, both at 37 °C and 6 °C (for 48 h and 7 days, respectively). A synergic effect was observed when the pathogens were incubated at 6 °C with DES. This work shows these by-products to be excellent sources of bioactive compounds, which could be exploited in high-added-value products, such as food, cosmetics, and drugs.

scholarly journals The Conservation of Low Complexity Regions in Bacterial Proteins Depends on the Pathogenicity of the Strain and Subcellular Location of the Protein

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 451
Author(s):  
Pablo Mier ◽  
Miguel A. Andrade-Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Proteins ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Subcellular Location ◽  
Low Complexity ◽  
Extracellular Proteins ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Bacterial Proteins ◽  
Protein Subcellular Location

Low complexity regions (LCRs) in proteins are characterized by amino acid frequencies that differ from the average. These regions evolve faster and tend to be less conserved between homologs than globular domains. They are not common in bacteria, as compared to their prevalence in eukaryotes. Studying their conservation could help provide hypotheses about their function. To obtain the appropriate evolutionary focus for this rapidly evolving feature, here we study the conservation of LCRs in bacterial strains and compare their high variability to the closeness of the strains. For this, we selected 20 taxonomically diverse bacterial species and obtained the completely sequenced proteomes of two strains per species. We calculated all orthologous pairs for each of the 20 strain pairs. Per orthologous pair, we computed the conservation of two types of LCRs: compositionally biased regions (CBRs) and homorepeats (polyX). Our results show that, in bacteria, Q-rich CBRs are the most conserved, while A-rich CBRs and polyA are the most variable. LCRs have generally higher conservation when comparing pathogenic strains. However, this result depends on protein subcellular location: LCRs accumulate in extracellular and outer membrane proteins, with conservation increased in the extracellular proteins of pathogens, and decreased for polyX in the outer membrane proteins of pathogens. We conclude that these dependencies support the functional importance of LCRs in host–pathogen interactions.

scholarly journals Isolation and efficacy of two bacterial strains antagonists of Erwinia amylovora and Pectobacterium carotovorum

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M’hamed BENADA ◽  
Boualem BOUMAAZA ◽  
Sofiane BOUDALIA ◽  
Omar KHALADI
Keyword(s):  
Fire Blight ◽  
Erwinia Amylovora ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Soft Rot ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽  
Bacterial Strains

Abstract Background The development of ecofriendly tools against plant diseases is an important issue in crop protection. Screening and selection process of bacterial strains antagonists of 2 pathogenic bacterial species that limit very important crops, Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of the fire blight disease, and Pectobacterium carotovorum, the causal agent of bacterial potato soft rot, were reported. Bacterial colonies were isolated from different ecological niches, where both pathogens were found: rhizosphere of potato tubers and fruits and leaves of pear trees from the northwest region of Algeria. Direct and indirect confrontation tests against strains of E. amylovora and P. carotovorum were performed. Results Results showed a significant antagonistic activity against both phytopathogenic species, using direct confrontation method and supernatants of cultures (p<0.005). In vitro assays showed growth inhibitions of both phytopathogenic species. Furthermore, results revealed that the strains of S. plymuthica had a better inhibitory effect than the strains of P. fluorescens against both pathogens. In vivo results on immature pear fruits showed a significant decrease in the progression of the fire blight symptoms, with a variation in the infection index from one antagonistic strain to another between 31.3 and 50%, and slice of potato showed total inhibition of the pathogen (P. carotovorum) by the antagonistic strains of Serratia plymuthica (p<0.005). Conclusion This study highlighted that the effective bacteria did not show any infection signs towards plant tissue, and considered as a potential strategy to limit the fire blight and soft rot diseases.

scholarly journals Established an eco-friendly cotton fabric treating process with enhancing anti-wrinkle performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 155892502110034
Author(s):  
Xiongfang Luo ◽  
Pei Cheng ◽  
Wencong Wang ◽  
Jiajia Fu ◽  
Weidong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethane ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Wrinkle Resistance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Strength Retention

This study establishes an eco-friendly anti-wrinkle treating process for cotton fabric. Sodium hydroxide-liquid ammonia pretreatment followed by 6% (w/w) PU100 adding citric acid pad-cure-dry finishing. In this process, citric acid (CA) was used as the fundamental crosslinking agent during finishing because it is a non-formaldehyde based, cost-effective and well wrinkle resistance agent. Environmental-friendly waterborne polyurethane (WPU) was used as an additive to add to the CA finishing solution. Six commercial WPUs were systematically investigated. Fabric properties like wrinkle resistance, tensile strength retention, whiteness, durable press, softness, and wettability were well investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction spectra were also measured and discussed before and after adding waterborne polyurethane. Tentative mechanism of the interaction among the WPU, CA, and modified cotton fabrics is provided. The effect of cotton fabric pretreatment on fabric performance was also investigated. After the eco-process’s treatment, the fabric wrinkle resistant angle was upgraded to 271 ± 7°, tensile strength retention was maintained at 66.77% ± 3.50% and CIE whiteness was elevated to 52.13 ± 3.21, which are much better than the traditional CA anti-wrinkle finishing based on mercerized cotton fabrics. This study provides useful information for textile researchers and engineers.

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