scholarly journals Cellulase Enzyme Production From Rice Straw Using Solid State Fermentation and Fungi Aspergillus niger ITBCC L74

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 01010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Maftukhah ◽  
Abdullah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Enzyme Characterization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme

Rice straw is one of very abundant waste of agricultural and has not utilized maximally. This waste contain cellulose and potential in the manufacture of cellulase enzymes. Research on the production of cellulase enzyme from lignocellulose has been done a lot of enzyme activity is still low. This research using cellulose is 71.95% and conducted with 6 stages. First, the preparation of raw material. Second, the decrease of lignin content with alkali pretreatment. Third, the breeding of fungi Aspergillus niger ITBCC L74 . Fourth, incubation in the inoculum. Fifth, the production of cellulase enzyme by solid fermentation method. Finally, the analysis includes protein content, enzyme activity, enzyme characterization and kinetics of enzymatic reactions. The highest enzyme activity of this study is 3.12 U/ml and protein content is 0.34 mg/ml with fermentation time is 4 day and water content is 75%. In enzyme characterization obtained optimum pH and temperature are 4 and 60°C, respectively. And obtained paramatic kinetic are Vmax and Km for 40, 50, 60 and 70°C temperature are Vmax: 6.42; 4.7; 5.82 and 4.46 U/ml and Km : 1.32; 0.38; 0.32; and 0.12%, respectively.

scholarly journals Produksi Enzim Selulase olehAspergillus niger pada Ampas Sagu

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Idiawati ◽  
Elliska Murni Harfinda ◽  
Lucy Arianie
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Cellulase Enzymes ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme ◽  
Sago Waste ◽  
Solid Fermentation

Production of cellulase by Aspergillus niger was carried out by growing the cultureson sago waste. Sago waste containscellulose that has not been used optimally. Cellulose is a polysaccharide consisting of glucose monomers linked by β-1,4-glycosides bonds. Glycoside bonds in cellulose can be enzymatically hydrolyzed into glucose with cellulase enzymes. Solid fermentation used to produce cellulase on sago waste as substrate was influenced by pH (3 to 6), moisture content(40% to 85%), and fermentation time (4 to 10 days). Products of the cellulase enzyme activity was measured by phenolsulfuricacid method. The results showed that the highest cellulase enzyme activity was 0.172 U/mL obtained at 85%moisture content, pH 5, and 8 days of fermentation time.

scholarly journals Produksi Crude Selulase dari Bahan Baku Ampas Tebu Menggunakan Kapang Phanerochaete chrysosporium

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Sri Rulianah ◽  
Zakijah Irfin ◽  
Mufid Mufid ◽  
Prayitno Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cellulase Enzymes ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Acid Reagent ◽  
High Cellulose

Bagasse mengandung selulosa yang cukup tinggi sehingga berpotensi sebagai bahan baku produksi crude selulase menggunakan kapang Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Kapang ini memiliki kemampuan untuk memproduksi enzim selulase dari substrat yang mengandung selulosa dan juga menghasilkan enzim yang dapat memecah lignin sehingga tidak perlu dilakukan proses delignifikasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memanfaatkan limbah ampas tebu sebagai bahan baku pembuatan crude selulase menggunakan kapang Phanerochaete chrysosporium dan mengetahui pengaruh penambahan konsentrasi substrat dan waktu fermentasi terhadap aktivitas crude selulase yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mengeringkan dan memperkecil ukuran ampas tebu, meremajakan kapang Phanerocheate chrysoporium, membuat inokulum dalam media cair, memfermentasi ampas tebu sesuai dengan variabel, dengan media Nitrogen Limited Media (NLM) menggunakan kapang Phanerocheate chrysoporium. Hasil fermentasi disaring, dan filtratnya dianalisa aktivitasnya sebagai crude selulase. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah waktu fermentasi 9, 11, 13, 15 dan 17 hari dan konsentrasi ampas tebu sebagai media: 5, 6, dan 7 % b/v. Ekstrak kasar selulase (crude) yang dihasilkan disaring menggunakan filter vakum, dan aktivitas filtrat (crude cellulase) diuji dengan pereaksi DNS (dinitro salicylic acid) dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas selulase tertinggi diperoleh pada variabel konsentrasi ampas tebu sebesar 7% b/v dan waktu inkubasi selama 17 hari yaitu sebesar 91.304 U/mL.Bagasse contain high cellulose which potentially to be used to raw material for producing cellulase enzyme using fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium. This fungus has ability to produce cellulase enzymes from substrates which contain cellulose and also produce enzymes that can degrade lignin content so it didn’t need the delignification process. The objective of this study was to convert cellulose in bagasse to be crude cellulase enzymes by using Phanerochaete chrysosporium and determine the effect of substrate concentration and fermentation time to the enzyme activity. This research was conducted by drying and reducing the bagasse particle size, rejuvenating mold Phanerocheate chrysoporium, making inoculum in liquid medium, fermenting bagasse in accordance with the variable, with media NLM (nitrogen limited media) using Phanerocheate chrysoporium. Fermentation results were filtered, and it was analyzed the activity of crude cellulase. The variable in this study was the time of fermentation 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17 days and substrate concentration: 5, 6, and 7 % b/v. Crude cellulose was filtered and was analyzed the enzyme activity by DNS (dinitro salicylic acid) reagent, using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The best result of this study was the crude cellulase with highest activity 91,304 U/mL for 7 % substrate concentration with fermentation time 17 days.

scholarly journals The study of patterns of influence of alkali treatment on properties of organosolvent cellulose from straw of rice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. Вураско ◽  
Е.И. Симонова ◽  
А.Р. Минакова ◽  
Д.Д. Манойлович
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Alkaline Treatment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Color Determination ◽  
Visual Color

Получение доступных сорбентов на основе природных материалов, для визуального колористического определения содержания ионов металлов в загрязненных природных и сточных водах является актуальным направлением исследований. Сорбенты на основе технической целлюлозы удовлетворяют этим требованиям. В работе для получения технической целлюлозы предложено использовать биомассу соломы риса. Для удаления из соломы риса минерального компонента при проведении окислительно-органосольвентной варки используют стадию щелочной обработки, которая приводит к деструкции полисахаридов, снижая выход технической целлюлозы. В связи с этим целью работы является изучение закономерностей проведения щелочной обработки соломы риса для максимального сохранения высокого выхода технической целлюлозы, извлечения минеральной части и возможности применения данной целлюлозы в качестве колористического сорбента. С учетом предварительных исследований найдены оптимальные значения технологических факторов, обеспечивающих высокий выход волокнистого материала из соломы риса при минимальном содержании в нем минеральных компонентов. Последующая органосольвентная варка позволяет получить техническую целлюлозу с выходом – 48,8% от абсолютно сухого сырья (а.с.с), зольностью 0,05% от а.с.с., содержанием лигнина 2,5% от а.с.с., удовлетворительными прочностными характеристиками, высокими сорбционными свойствами, необходимой белизной и рН водной вытяжки. Выявлено, что техническая целлюлоза из соломы риса содержит металлы, накопленные биомассой за вегетативный период. Щелочная обработка и окислительно-органосольвентная делигнификация в большинстве случаев приводят к снижению концентрации металлов в технической целлюлозе. Исключение составляют алюминий, железо и свинец, содержание которых в технической целлюлозе увеличивается. Таким образом, целлюлоза, полученная в оптимальных условиях щелочной обработки и последующей окислительно-органосольвентной варки из соломы риса, с учетом содержащихся в ней металлов, пригодна для использования в качестве сорбента для визуального колористического определения содержания ионов металлов в загрязненных природных и сточных водах. Receive available sorbents based on natural materials for visual color determination of the content of metal ions in contaminated natural and waste waters is a topical area of research. Sorbents on the basis of technical cellulose satisfy these requirements. In the process of obtaining technical cellulose is proposed to use biomass straw rice. Removal of straw rice mineral component when carrying out the oxidation-organosolvent use the cooking stage alkali treatment, which leads to degradation of polysaccharides, reducing the output of technical cellulose. In this regard, the aim of this work is to study the regularities of the alkaline treatment of rice straw for maximum preservation of the high output technical cellulose, extracting the mineral and the possibility of using the cellulose as the colour of the sorbent. Taking into account the preliminary studies, optimal conditions of technological factors were found ensuring a high yield of fibrous material from rice straw with a minimum content of mineral components in it. Subsequent organosolvent pulping yields technical pulp with a yield of 48.8% bone dry raw material (BDRM), an mineral ash content of 0.05% of BDRM, a lignin content of 2.5% of BDRM, satisfactory strength properties, high sorption properties, the necessary whiteness and pH of aqueous extract. It is revealed that the technical cellulose from straw of rice contains metals accumulated biomass during the vegetation period. Alkaline treatment and oxidative-organosolvent the delignification in most cases leads to a decrease of metal concentrations in pulp technical. With the exception of aluminum, iron and lead, the content of which is technical cellulose increases. Thus, cellulose obtained in optimum conditions of alkaline treatment and subsequent oxidation-organosolvent pulping of straw of rice, taking into account the contained metals suitable for use as a sorbent for visual color determination of the content of metal ions in polluted natural and sewage waters.

scholarly journals Produksi Enzim Selulase Kasar dari Isolat Bakteri B2S8 menggunakan Substrat Brangkasan Jagung dengan Perlakuan Konsentrasi Inokulum dan Komposisi Media yang berbeda

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Nursatria Purba ◽  
Ida Bagus Wayan Gunam ◽  
I Made Mahaputra Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Bacterial Isolate ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Endoglucanase Activity ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme ◽  
The Media

The purpose of this study was determined the media and concentration of cellulolytic bacterial isolates to produce high cellulase enzyme activity. Production of crude cellulase enzyme in media and concentration of different bacterial isolate used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) which consist of two factors. The first factor was the media production of different cellulase enzyme consisting of 3 levels, namely media 1, 2 and 3. The second factor was the concentration of bacterial isolate consisting of 5 levels namely 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5%. This study used a B2S8 cellulolytic bacterial isolate that has the highest value of cellulase enzyme activity and the highest degradation rate of cellulose in previous studied and determined the ability of exoglucanase enzyme activity, endoglucanase enzyme and dissolved protein content produced from cellulolytic bacterial isolate. This study used Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) for enzyme activity test and 1% corn stover as a substrate on the media to produce crude cellulase enzyme. The result showed that the highest cellulase enzyme activity in the third media and 5% cellulolytic bacterial inoculum concentration resulted in endoglucanase activity of 0.0332 IU/mL, exoglucanases enzyme activity of 0.0060 IU/mL, dissolved protein content in the amount of 0.5670 mg/mL, the specific endoglucanase activity of 0.0807 IU/mg and the specific activity of exoglucanase of 0.0123 IU/mg. Keywords: Cellulolytic bacteria, Cellulase enzymes, Enzyme activity, Corn stover

scholarly journals PRODUCTION OF BIOETHANOL FROM RICE STRAW USING YEAST EXTRACTS PEPTONE DEXTROSE

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 296-301
Author(s):  
DY Tsunatu ◽  
KG Atiku ◽  
TT Samuel ◽  
BI Hamidu ◽  
DI Dahutu
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Substrate Concentration ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Pre Treatment

The production of bio-ethanol from Rice Straw (Oryza sativa) was carried out using rice straw as a feedstock and a combination of Yeast Extracts Peptone Dextrose (YEPD)at 0.2%(w/v) 0.4%(w/v), 0.6%(w/v), 0.8%(w/v) and 1%(w/v) concentrations and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) at 0.5% (w/v), 1%(w/v), 1.5%(w/v), 2%(w/v) and 2.5%(w/v) concentrations as cells for fermentation. The study determined the most suitable pre-treatment method from the following pretreatment methods; 1M NaOH and heating. IM NaOH pre-treatment gave the highest cellulose and lowest lignin content. The effects of substrate concentration values of 1g/l, 2g/l, 4g/l, 6g/l and 8g/l; with particle size of 300μm and cell loading combination of YEPD at 0.2%(w/v) 0.4%(w/v), 0.6%(w/v), 0.8%(w/v), 1%(w/v) concentrations and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) at 0.5% (w/v), 1%(w/v), 1.5%(w/v), 2%(w/v), 2.5%(w/v) on the fermentation process were investigated to obtain optimum conditions of fermentation. The optimum conditions of fermentation were obtained at temperature of 330C, pH value of 4.0, substrate concentration of 4g/l, particle size 300μm and YEPD to yeast ratio of 0.8/1.5 after 72 hours of fermentation time. Also substrate concentration of 4g/l, gave highest bioethanol yield of 49.50%. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v36i1.36

scholarly journals Effect Of Corn Straw Fermentation Time (Zea mays L) Using Aspergillus niger On Nutritional Concept

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dicky Kurniawan ◽  
Sri Sukaryani ◽  
Engkus Ainul Yakin
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This study aims to determine the optimal time of fermentation using Aspergillus niger on the pH value, dissolved protein and levels of ash content corn straw. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) of unidirectional pattern consisting of 4 treatments repeated 3 times namely P0 : corn straw fermented with Aspergillus niger for 0 days, P1 : corn straw fermented with Aspergillus niger for 4 days, P2 : fermented corn straw with Aspergillus niger for 8 days, P3 : corn straw fermented with Aspergillus niger for 12 days. The parameters observed were pH value, dissolved protein and ash content. The results showed that corn straw fermented with Aspergillus niger had a very significant effect (P <0.01) on the pH value, dissolved protein content and ash content. Corn straw fermentation using Aspergillus niger for 0 - 12 days has a very significant effect on the pH value, dissolved protein content and ash content (P <0.01). The average pH value of the treatment  P0: 5,00, P1: 6,13, P2: 6,51, P3: 6,84 The average value of dissolved protein content in the treatment P0: 27,09%, P1: 33,31%, P2: 24,14%, P3: 25,51%. The average value of ash content in the P0: 8,91%, P1: 11,34%, P2: 10,06%, P3: 9,22%,  As well as the optimal time achieved in fermentation for 4 days for dissolved protein content and ash content.  Keywords: Corn straw, Aspergillus niger, Fermentation, pH value, Dissolved protein content, Ash content

scholarly journals The Effect Of Cellulase Content On Phytoestrogens Formation (Genistein) Materials On Fermented Soybean Waste Aspergillus niger

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Vara Tassa Sutari ◽  
Nurliana Nurliana ◽  
Sugito Sugito ◽  
Darmawi Darmawi ◽  
Rinidar Rinidar
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
T Test ◽  
Fermented Soybean ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme ◽  
The Relationship

The activity of the cellulase enzyme and the content of phytoestrogen (genistein) forming is determined during the fermentation of soybean waste with Aspergullus niger. The analysis is performed at fermentation incubation time of 0, 48, 96, 144 and 192 hours and treatment with addition of micro nutrient (V2) and without micro nutrient (V1). Data analysis on cellulase enzyme activity on phytoestrogen forming material is performed using T test. The average of cellulase content of fermented soybean waste increases from 0.032-0.139 IU / ml (V1) and 0.061-0.158 IU / ml (V2) after 48 hours into 0.238 IU / ml (V1) and 0.245 IU / ml (V2) after 192 hours The average of genestein levels in the fermented soybean waste increases as well from 0.101 - 0.573 mg / g (V1) and 0.114 - 0.587 mg / g (V2) after 48 hours and increase into 0.722 mg / g (V1) and 0.699 mg / g (V2) after 192 hours. Statistical analysis indicates that the treatment of V1 and V2 has an effect on the increase of cellulase enzyme content and genistein level (P <0.05). The correlation between enzyme activity of cellulase and genistein on soybean waste fermented with Aspergillus niger is significant (R2 = 0,949). The relationship between the enzyme performance and its formation material is running synergistic, cellulase enzyme activity and genistein level experience significant increase during the fermentation process.

scholarly journals PRODUKSI ENZIM KITINASE DARI Aspergillus niger MENGGUNAKAN LIMBAH CANGKANG RAJUNGAN SEBAGAI INDUSER

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purkan Purkan ◽  
Afaf Baktir ◽  
Arju Rohmah Sayyidah
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Crab Shell Waste ◽  
Dry Cell ◽  
Local Nature

AbstrakKitinase merupakan enzim hidrolitik yang dapat menghidrolisis kitin pada ikatan β-1,4-glikosidiknya dengan menghasilkan derivat-derivat kitin seperti oligomer kitin yang mempunyai banyak manfaat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengembangan produksi enzim kitinase dari sumber lokal yang melimpah di alamserta murah dengan melakukan optimasi substrat dalam hal ini digunakan substrat tetes tebu (molase) dan limbah cangkang rajungan untuk produksi enzim kitinase dari Aspergillus niger. Sebelumnya, dilakukan kultivasi isolat kapang Aspergillus niger dengan membuat kurva pertumbuhan menggunakan metode masa sel kering dimana dari hasil penelitian inokulasi optimal adalah 22 jam. Pada proses produksi, diperoleh waktu fermentasi optimal adalah 52 jam dengan menentukan uji aktivitasnya menggunakan metode turbidimetri. Hasil optimasi substrat menunjukkan bahwa enzim kitinase yang maksimal diperoleh pada penambahan molase 0,5% (b/v) dengan unit aktivitas enzim 0,14726 (U/mL) dan cangkang rajungan 2% (b/v) dengan unit aktivitas enzim yang dihasilkan 0,12826 (U/mL). Kitinase dari Aspergillus niger ini mempunyai pH optimal 6 dan suhu optimal 40 oC. Kata kunci: Aspergillus niger, kitinase, cangkang rajungan, molase   AbstractChitinase is a hydrolytic enzyme that hydrolyzes chitin on β-1,4-glycosidic bond and thereby producing chitin derivatives such as chitin oligomers that have multiple benefits. The purpose of this research was to develop the production of chitinase enzyme from cheap and are abundant local nature sources, by optimizations substrate in this case the substrate used molasses and crab shell waste for the production of chitinase enzyme from Aspergillus niger. Previously, isolates of Aspergillus niger cultivated by creating a growth curve using dry cell mass method which from the results of research inoculation optimal are 22 hours. In the production process, obtained the optimum fermentation time is 52 hours to determine the activity test using turbidimetry method. Result of substrate optimizations indicate that chitinase enzyme maximum by addition of molasses obtained in 0.5% (w/v) with enzyme activity units 0.14726 (U/mL) and crab shells 2% (w/v) with enzyme activity units 0.12826 (U/mL). Chitinase from Aspergillus niger has a pH optimum 6 and temperature optimum 40 oC. Keywords: Aspergillus niger, chitinase, crab shells, molasses

Production of Bioethanol from Rice Straw Assisted by Cellulosic Enzyme Oyster Mushroom Stem Using Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF)

2019 ◽  
pp. 193-199
Author(s):  
Tatang Shabur Julianto ◽  
M. Arsyik Kurniawan S ◽  
Ikhwan Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification And Fermentation ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Enzyme Extract ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Cellulase Enzyme ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification

Bioethanol is an alternative energy source to replace fossil fuels that can be produced from agricultural waste such as rice straw. The fermentation process can help hydrolyze lignocellulosic compounds in rice straw into simple sugars and convert them into bioethanol. This study aims to determine the effect of fermentation time and the amount of intracellular cellulase enzyme extract from oyster mushroom stem on the levels of biethanol produced. The method used in making bioethanol is Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF). The bioethanol produced was then analyzed by gas chromatography and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The result showed that the highest level of bioethanol was 14.52% obtained at 10 days fermentation time and the amount  of cellulase enzyme extract was 25 mL.

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