scholarly journals FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS ENGAGED IN A COOPERATIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT: EVALUATING THEIR ABILITY TO DETERMINE THE STATUS OF THEIR OWN CONCEPTIONS ABOUT MATTER

COSMOS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 167-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
DONNA M. LEWIS ◽  
DAVID F. TREAGUST ◽  
A. L. CHANDRASEGARAN
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
Conceptual Change ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Change Model ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
The Status ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Conceptual Change Model

This study integrated cooperative learning methods in classroom instruction to investigate the effects on achievement and conceptual change in matter concepts involving 70 fifth grade students after 10 weeks of instruction. Data obtained from the administration of two achievement tests indicated that there were significant differences between the pre-test and post-test mean scores on the Matter Unit Test as well as on the Matter Diagnostic Test. Since the notion of status is fundamental to the Conceptual Change Model (Posner, Hewson, Strike & Gertzog, 1982) this study also investigated the students' ability to determine the status of their own conceptions. Analysis of the students' use of written descriptors provided varied evidence of their ability to use technical language (intelligible, plausible, or fruitful) and effectively determine the status of their own conceptions.

scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL CHANGE ACTIVITIES ALLEVIATING MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT ELECTRIC CIRCUITS

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-315
Author(s):  
Achillefs Kapartzianis ◽  
Jeanne Kriek
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Change ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Change Model ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Electric Circuits ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Conceptual Change Model

This study contributes to a growing literature that investigates vocational students’ conceptual understanding of electricity by proposing a multidimensional and pragmatic approach to conceptual change. Conceptual change model-based activities were designed in a six-stage conceptual change model and were incorporated into a four-week course. The effectiveness of these activities was measured in terms of changing these students’ misconceptions about simple electric circuits towards scientifically accepted ideas in terms of their revolutionary versus evolutionary nature and the extent of transfer of learning. Transformative mixed methods research design was used consisting mainly of a one-group pre-test post-test design with DIRECT Test 1.2 as a research instrument. Paired samples t-test analysis for 15 students’ test scores indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between students’ pre- and post-test scores. The results of the frequency analysis in both pre- and post-tests show a significant percentage drop in the number of students having the identified misconceptions. The majority of students during post pre-test interviews justified their answers incorrectly, but more than 80% answered correctly in the post post-test interview. Key words: conceptual change, conceptual change model, electric circuits, misconceptions, vocational education.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN MODEL CONCEPTUAL CHANGE PADA INSTRUMEN THREE-TIER-TEST DAN LKPD

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-169
Author(s):  
Dwi Anggraeni Riswana ◽  
Rusmini Rusmini
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Conceptual Change ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Change Model ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Test Instrument ◽  
Buffer Material ◽  
Conceptual Change Model ◽  
D Model

There are still many misconceptions in the buffer solution material based on the results of pre-research that has been done. Therefore, it is necessary to to make efforts to reduce misconceptions. This research aims to determine the validity of the three-tier-test diagnostic test instrument and Student Worksheet (LKPD) to reduce student’s misconceptions through conceptual change model on buffer material. This research and development method uses a 3-D model which is a modification of the 4-D model, namely (1) define; (2) design; and (3) development. The validity of the instrument and LKPD in terms of content validity and construct validity. The content validity of the instruments and LKPD respectively obtained an average percentage of 94.00% and 92.44%. While the construct validity of the instruments and LKPD respectively obtained an average percentage of 91.00% and 86.47%. This results shows that the three-tier-test diagnostic test instrument and LKPD through conceptual change model developed were declared very valid.

scholarly journals The Effect of the 5E Learning Model Supported with Material Ensuring Conceptual Change on Science Achievement: The Example of “Heat and Temperature”

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-280
Author(s):  
Yılmaz Vahit Vahit Işcan ◽  
Hatice Güngör Seyhan
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Change ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

This study seeks to examine the effect of the 5E learning model, as one of the constructivist learning approach models, supported by conceptual change texts and enriched with relevant guidance materials on eliminating the fifth-grade students' (n=42) misconceptions about "Heat and Temperature". A quantitative research approach was employed by conducting the pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental design of the non-equivalent groups, namely the experimental and control groups. Before the implications, the Heat and Temperature Achievement Test (HTAT) was used to determine the academic achievement levels of the students in the experimental and control groups in the topic of heat and temperature. The pre-test results between both group students did not find a significant difference. There was a significant difference in favor of the experimental group between the HTAT post-test results. From the results obtained within the scope of the study, it was concluded that this learning model was effective in eliminating the fifth-grade students' misconceptions about the topic of heat and temperature.

The Effect of Realistic Mathematic Approach on Students’ Learning Motivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Shindy Lestari ◽  
Syahrilfuddin Syahrilfuddin ◽  
Neni Hermita ◽  
Zetra Hainul Putra
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Research Method ◽  
T Test ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Mathematical Approach ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Realistic Mathematic

This research is to determine the effect of realistic mathematical approach on students’ learning motivation. The research method is pre-experiment of one group pretest posttest design. This study was conducted with 34 fifth grade students from a public school in Pekanbaru, Indonesia. The results indicate that students’ learning motivation significantly increases. Among six indicators measuring students’ learning motivation, the indicator of interesting activities in learning is the most increase, from 80.76% in pre-test to 86.40% in post-test. The average score of pretest in form of students’ learning motivation questionnaire before applying treatment was 90.56 while score posttest after treatment was 95,09 and the results of the research hypotheses using the comparative t-test tcount (6.997) > ttable (2.039). This means that there is an effect of applying the realistic mathematical approach to students’ learning motivation.

PENERAPAN MODEL NUMBERED HEAD TOGETHER UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOSIAL PADA SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Tustiyana Windiyani
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Behavior Observation

ABSTRACTThe research is an action research aiming at improving the learning output of social science using cooperative learning model of Numbered Head Together. The subjects of the research are the fifth grade students of Sekolah Dasar Negeri Batu Kembar in the even semester, the year of 2015/ 2016 with the number of students of 21 consisting of 12 boys and 9 girls. The research used cycling procedure containing four steps of planning, doing, observing, and reflecting. The action research is done in two cycles. Each cycle is conducted in one meeting. After the implementation of Numbered Head Together, the learning output of students social science improves from the first to the second cycle. The result shows that the average score in the first cycle is 65, and the learning completion is 50.00%, while in the second cycle, the average score is 74 and the learning completion is 85.00%. The learning process score in the first cycle is 75.75%, and it improves in the second cycle to be 90.00%. The result of students behavior observation shows improvement of students discipline, cooperation, bravery which in the first cycle is 80.50% and it improves in the second cycle to be 85.50%. Therefore it can be inferred that the implementation of the cooperative learning model of Numbered Head Together is able to improve the learning output of the fifth grade students social science in an elementary school. Keywords: Learning Output, Social Science, Numbered Head Together.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif Numbered Head Together. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa Sekolah Dasar Negeri Batu Kembar kelas V semester genap tahun pelajaran 2015/ 2016 dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 21 siswa, terdiri dari 12 siswa laki-laki dan 9 siswi perempuan. Prosedur penelitian dilaksanakan bersiklus yang terdiri dari empat tahap, yaitu: perencanaan, pelaksanaan tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Pelaksanaan tindakan kelas ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus dilaksanakan satu kali pertemuan, setelah diterapkan model pembelajaran Numbered Head Together hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial siswa meningkat dari siklus pertama ke siklus kedua. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata hasil belajar pada siklus I memperoleh nilai 65, dengan ketuntasan hasil belajar sebesar 50,00%, sedangkan siklus II memperoleh nilai rata-rata 74 dengan ketuntasan belajar 85,00%. Begitu pula dengan penilaian pelaksanaan pembelajaran pada siklus I sebesar 75,75%, meningkat pada siklus II sebesar 90,00%. Sedangkan hasil observasi perilaku siswa menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pada sikap berupa disiplin, kerja sama dan keberanian yang diperoleh pada siklus I dengan persentase sebesar 80,50% dan meningkat pada siklus II sebesar 85,50%. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Numbered Head Together dapat Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Pada Mata Pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial di kelas V Sekolah Dasar.Kata Kunci: Hasil Belajar, Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, Numbered Head Together.

scholarly journals UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS V MATA PELAJARAN IPA MATERI EKOSISTEM DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Dwi Purnomo ◽  
Zuchrotus Salamah
Keyword(s):  
Student Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Science Learning ◽  
Mastery Learning ◽  
Student Learning Outcomes ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Discovery Learning ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Post Test

This research is based on the problem of the low student learning outcomes in science learning at Muhammadiyah Elementary School Klepu, Sleman Regency. The teacher still uses a conventional learning model so that the learning atmosphere becomes rigid and ultimately makes student learning outcomes lower. Therefore the teacher seeks to use the Discovery Learning learning model to create an interesting and enjoyable learning atmosphere. This study aims to improve learning outcomes of science through the Discovery Learning learning model in fifth grade students of SD Muhammadiyah Klepu Sleman Regency Academic Year 2018/2019. This type of research is classroom action research. This research was conducted in 2 cycles. This research was conducted on fifth grade students of SD Muhammadiyah Klepu Sleman Regency. Data was collected using observation sheets and test questions. The data analysis technique in this study is descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that learning through the Discovery Learning learning model can improve student science learning outcomes. The average value of post-test Cycle I is 62.2 and the percentage of mastery learning is 9.5%. In the second cycle the average score of the post-test increased to 80.91 and the percentage of mastery learning was 76.2%. Based on data obtained from the study, it can be concluded that learning through the Discovery Learning learning model can improve student learning outcomes.

scholarly journals Arabic Video Lyric Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Kosakata Bahasa Arab Siswa

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Kudsiyah Kudsiyah ◽  
Lailatul Mauludiyah ◽  
Murdiono Murdiono
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Online Game ◽  
Test Question ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Related Sample

Video song media was a medium that presents material in the form of text and images as well as monologue sound about the material so that students can watch and listen to videos in the learning process. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the video song media in increasing understanding of Arabic vocabulary. This research was a quantitative research. This research was conducted at SD Muahmmadiyah 8 KH Mas Mansur Malang. The subjects taken from this study were the VA class, which amounted to 25 students from a population of 79 students using purposive sampling technique. In this study, data collection techniques were carried out in the form of interviews, questionnaires, tests and documentation. The instrument used in the interview is the interview sheet, while the questionnaire instrument sheet is a questionnaire sheet consisting of several questions related to the video song media, the instrument sheet used in the test is a test question in the form of an interactive online game, the tests used are pretest and posttest. To find out the results of the data in this study the researcher used the T test for the related sample, while to determine the effectiveness of the video media, the researcher used the N-gain formula. The collected research data is presented with descriptive statistics in the calculation of processing using SPSS 20.               As for the results and testing of the hypothesis, "the video song media was effective for improving understanding of Arabic vocabulary. This is evidenced by the results obtained from the pre-test value which is smaller than the post-test value or 85.08 <93.20. Based on the output table "Paired Samples Test" it is known that the Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.000 <0.05, meaning that the video song media can improve the understanding of Arabic vocabulary for the fifth grade students of SD Muhammadiyah 8 KH Mas Mansur Malang

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS TEKNIK MANGKUK IKAN ATAU AKUARIUM (FISH BOWL) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS PADA SISWA KELAS V A SDN 16 CAKRANEGARA TAHUN PELAJARAN 2016/2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-94
Author(s):  
Siti Istiningsih ◽  
Ni Komang Sri Widari ◽  
Nur Hasanah
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Active Learning ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Card Sort ◽  
Fish Technique ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Teacher Centered

Background of this research is the low social learning outcomes on students fifth grade at SDN 16 Cakranegara, it is caused by learning process focus on teaccher (Teacher Centered) and they used monoton method. Teacher usually teach only usuhg speech method and they didn’t support by the appropriate facilities. The problem in this research is how the efectivness of bowl fish teachnique could improve social learning outcomes on fifth grade students at SDN 16 Cakranegara in 2016 to 2017 ? The purpose is to improve social learning outcomes on fifth grade students in 2016 to 2017 by using bowl fish technique or aquarum. This is a base calssrom research in two cydes each cycle consist of planning, implementation, action, observation,and evaluation, reflection as well. The method collecting data are observation, documentation and test. In the frist cycle the result is on average 75,375 with percentage 70,83% and the scores for activities of students are 53 categories active enough. In second cycle the students having an increase on average 82,791 categories active. The conelusion is the efectivness of bowl fish technique could improve social learing outcomes on fifth grade students at SDN 16 Cakranegara in 2016 to 2017. Key Word : The efectivness, techniques of “bowl fish technique or aquarium”, and social learing out comes.   Abstrak Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi rendahnya hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas V A di SDN 16 Cakranegara. Hal ini disebabkan pembelajaran masih terpusat pada guru (Teacher Centered) dan teknik serta metode yang digunakan monoton. Guru biasanya hanya mengajar dengan metode ceramah saja, dan tidak di dukung dengan sarana dan prasarana yang memadai. Masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah Efektivitas Teknik Mangkuk Ikan atau Akuarium (Fish Bowl) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas V A SDN 16 Cakranegara Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017?. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas V A SDN 16 Cakra Negara Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017 dengan menerapkan teknik Mangkuk Ikan Atau Akuarium (Fish Bowl). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan evaluasi serta refleksi. Metode yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini adalah metode observasi, dokumentasi dan tes. Pada siklus I diperoleh nilai rata-rata 75,375 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 70,83% dan skor rata-rata aktivitas siswa 53 dengan kategori cukup aktif. Pada siklus II data hasil belajar dan aktivitas siswa mengalami peningkatan yakni rata-rata 82,791 dengan ketuntasan klasikal 87,5% dan skor rata-rata aktivitas belajar siswa 58,5 dengan kriteria aktif. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Efektivitas Teknik Mangkuk Ikan atau Akuarium (Fish Bowl) dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas V A SDN 16 Cakranegara Tahun Pelajaran 2016/2017. Kata Kunci: Efektivitas, Teknik “Mangkuk Ikan atau Akuarium (Fish Bowl)”, hasil belajar IPS.   References Asmani, M. Jamal. 2011. 7 Tips Aplikasi Pakem. Jogjakarta: DIVA Press. Aries, E. 2011. Assesmen Dan Evaluasi. Yogyakarta: Adytia Media Publising. Arikunto, S. 2010. Prosedur Penelitian. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta. Azizah R. Anindita. 2014. Penggunaan Metode Active Learning Tipe Card Sort Untuk Meningkatkan Keaktifan dan Prestasi Belajar IPS Siswa Kelas IV SD Negeri Sendangsari. Skripsi. Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. https://www.google.com, di akses pada tanggal 25 januari 2017. Alma, Buchari, dkk. 2014. Guru Professional. Bandung: Alfabeta. Huda, Miftahul. 2015.Cooperative Learning. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Khotimah, Husnil. 2011. Penerapan Metode Pembelajaran Fishbowl Untuk Meningkatkan Aktivitas Belajar Sains Pada Siswa Kelas IV SDN 002 Pantai Cermin Kecamatan Tapung Kabupaten Kampar. Skripsi. Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Universitras Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. https://www.google.com, diakses tanggal 17 Desember 2016. Nurkancana, Wayan dan Sunartana. 1990. Evaluasi Hasil Belajar. Surabaya: Usaha Nasional. Qur’anni,E Afriliya. 2013. Pengaruh Metode Team Quiz Terhadap Minat Belajar          dan Pencapaian Kompetensi Menghadapi Situasi Darurat Pada Mata Pelajaran K3lh Di Smk Negeri 2 Godean. Skripsi. Program Studi Pendidikan Teknik Busana Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. https://www.google.com, diakses tanggal 25 januari 2017. Sanjaya, Wina. 2006. Strategi Pembelajaran. Jakarta: Kencana. Sari, Melda, Supriyadi, Dan Sudirman A. 2014. Penerapan Strategi Active Learning Tipe Everyone Is Ateacher Here Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar. Jurnal. Fakultas Keguruan Dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Lampung. https://www.google.com, diakses tanggal 25 januari 2017. Silberman, Mel. 2010. 101 Cara Pelatihan & Pembelajaran Aktif. Jakarta Barat: Indeks. Sudjana, Nana. 2014. Dasar-Dasar Proses Belajar Mengajar. Bandung: Sinar Baru Algensindo. Suprijono, Agus. 2014. Cooperative Learning. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar. Susanto. 2013. Teori Belajar & Pembelajaran Di Sekolah Dasar. Jakarta: Kencana. Trianto. 2011. Model Pembelajaran Inovatif Berorientasi Kontroktivis. Jakarta: Prestasi Pustaka Uno, B Hamzah dan Mohamad, Nurdin. 2012. Belajar dengan Pendekatan PAILKEM.Jakarta: Bumi Aksara. Utami, B. Rahmawati. 2012. Keefektifan Metode Fishbowl Terhadap Pembelajaran Berdiskusi  Pada Siswa Kelas Viii Smp Negeri 5 Sleman. Skripsi. Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta https://www.google.com, diakses tanggal 26 november 2016. Wahidah, S, Susan. 2014. Penerpan Metode “STEAVES BERHTO” (STUDENT TEAM-ACHIEVEMENT DIVISIONS DAN NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER) untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS siswa keas IVC SDN 1 kediri Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014. Skripsi. Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar. Universitas Mataram. Warsono dan Hariyanto. 2013. Pembelajaran Aktif. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.

scholarly journals Improving Ipa Students’ Achievement In Green Growth Materials At The Fifth Grade Students Through Cooperative Learning Method Type Stad In Sdn 06 Perawang Barat 2013/ 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-86
Author(s):  
Arianis Arianis
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Lesson Plan ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Green Plant ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Class V ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Plant Matter

Teachers make various efforts to improve student learning outcomes. Therefore, it is needed a learning action that can enliven the students' motivation in achieving good values, individually or in groups. One way is to implement cooperative learning. In this learning students are required to work together in small groups to solve a problem and the group's primary goal is toward success. STAD type cooperative learning is based on an idea where students work together in a group and participate personally in the learning activities of their group members. Based on the background of the problems can be formulated as follows: "if the implementation of cooperative learning model STAD can improve learning outcomes of students in class V SDN 06  IPA in Perawang Barat in green plant matter?"               The purpose of this research is to improve learning outcomes IPA fifth grade students of SDN 06 Perawang Barat on green plant material.The research method was classroom action research.This research was conducted at SDN 06 Perawang Barat.The research time is from February to May 2014. The subjects were students of class V SDN 06 Perawang Barat in academic year 2013/2014, amounting to 32 students consisting of 14 male - male and 18 female students.Instruments of the research areconsisting of syllabus, assessment system, lesson plan, and student work sheet. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the implementation of cooperative learning model STAD able to improve learning outcomes IPA class V SDN 06 in Perawang Barat. IPA students’ achievement

scholarly journals Investigating the Effects of Brain Respiration on Children’s Behavior

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-61
Author(s):  
Geoffrey K. Leigh ◽  
Cynthia Robinson ◽  
Steven Bernard Hollingsworth
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Teacher Observations ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Math Scores ◽  
Reading And Math ◽  
Post Test

Building on the increasing number of programs designed to enhance brain development, a program developed in Korea, Brain Respiration, was adapted to a school in Nevada. Classes were offered twice weekly to a class of fourth and fifth grade students with control group classes assessed in the same school. Self-report surveys, teacher observations, and standardized reading and math scores were used to determine effects of the program on the students. Some differences were found in the pretest for the survey and the observation, with control groups scoring higher. There were differences in some post-test scores, with treatment group children scoring higher when differences did occur. There also were differences in the reading and math scores, with control groups scoring higher than the overall treatment group, but not higher when compared to those actively participating in the program. Such differences are discussed as well as other issues possibly influencing the effects.

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