Effect of Intensive Instruction on Elementary Students’ Memory for Culturally Unfamiliar Music

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Morrison ◽  
Steven M. Demorest ◽  
Patricia Shehan Campbell ◽  
Sarah J. Bartolome ◽  
J. Christopher Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Fifth Grade ◽  
General Music ◽  
Music Culture ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Instructional Unit ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Intensive Instruction ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
And Control ◽  
Music Classrooms

Previous researchers have found that both adults and children demonstrate better memory for novel music from their own music culture than from an unfamiliar music culture. It was the purpose of this study to determine whether this “enculturation effect” could be mediated through an extended intensive instructional unit in another culture’s music. Fifth-grade students in four intact general music classrooms (two each at two elementary schools in a large U.S. city) took part in an 8-week curriculum exclusively concentrated on Turkish music. Two additional fifth-grade classes at the same schools served as controls and did not receive the Turkish curriculum. Prior to and following the 8-week unit, all classes completed a music memory test that included Western and Turkish music examples. Comparison of pretest and posttest scores revealed that all participants ( N = 110) were significantly more successful overall on the second test administration. Consistent with previous findings, participants were significantly less successful remembering items from the unfamiliar music culture, a result that was consistent across test administrations and between instruction and control groups. It appears that the effect of enculturation on music memory is well established early in life and resistant to modification even through extended instructional approaches.

scholarly journals The Effect Of The Fink Model In The Achievement Of The Psychology Principles of The Fifth Grade Students And Their Mental Motivation

2018 ◽  
Vol 227 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-122
Author(s):  
Dr.Ahlam Jami
Keyword(s):  
Female Students ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Independent Data ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Psychometric Characteristics ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The research aims at identifying the effect of the Fink model in the achievement of the psychology principles of the fifth grade students and their mental motivation. The experimental design of the experimental and control groups was used. The researcher randomly selected Division B to represent the experimental group that is taught according to the Fink model, (A) The control group studying the traditional method, the number of female students (60) students by (30) students in each division. The two groups were equalized in the variables: age, intelligence, mental motivation. The researcher prepared the research tool which is the achievement test and verified the validity and reliability of the test, the adoption of the mental motivation scale and the testing of the psychometric characteristics. The researcher used the T-test for two independent data processing , The results showed the superiority of the experimental group in achievement and mental motivation via the control group

scholarly journals The Effect of the 5E Learning Model Supported with Material Ensuring Conceptual Change on Science Achievement: The Example of “Heat and Temperature”

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-280
Author(s):  
Yılmaz Vahit Vahit Işcan ◽  
Hatice Güngör Seyhan
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Change ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

This study seeks to examine the effect of the 5E learning model, as one of the constructivist learning approach models, supported by conceptual change texts and enriched with relevant guidance materials on eliminating the fifth-grade students' (n=42) misconceptions about "Heat and Temperature". A quantitative research approach was employed by conducting the pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental design of the non-equivalent groups, namely the experimental and control groups. Before the implications, the Heat and Temperature Achievement Test (HTAT) was used to determine the academic achievement levels of the students in the experimental and control groups in the topic of heat and temperature. The pre-test results between both group students did not find a significant difference. There was a significant difference in favor of the experimental group between the HTAT post-test results. From the results obtained within the scope of the study, it was concluded that this learning model was effective in eliminating the fifth-grade students' misconceptions about the topic of heat and temperature.

scholarly journals The impact of using the strategy of self-questioning in the achievement of students in the fifth grade in mathematics: أثر استخدام استراتيجية التساؤل الذاتي في تحصيل طلاب الصف الخامس الابتدائي في مادة الرياضيات

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Latif Al-Zakri
Keyword(s):  
Achievement Test ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aimed to examine the impact of the use of self-questioning in the understanding of fifth grade students in mathematics material. The researcher used the experimental methodology for independent groups to investigate the impact of the independent variable, which is a self-questioning strategy on the dependent variable, which is understanding. The study sample consisted of 42 students from the fifth grade students from Khubayb bin Udai School in Riyadh; equally divided into two groups of 21 students in each group (experimental and control), and after making sure from groups' equivalence by applying the tools of the study, having been taught the experimental group by using self-questioning strategy, while the control group has been studied the unit by using the traditional method. After the completion of the study of prescribed content study, study tools (achievement test) were applied then. The results indicated to the presence of a statistically significant difference (at the significance level <0. 05) between the mean scores of the two groups' students (experimental and control) in achievement test posttest for the experimental group. Since the results of the study were positive in increasing the achievement, the researcher recommended the need to use self-questioning to raise the level of achievement of learners in mathematics material

scholarly journals Investigating the Effects of Brain Respiration on Children’s Behavior

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-61
Author(s):  
Geoffrey K. Leigh ◽  
Cynthia Robinson ◽  
Steven Bernard Hollingsworth
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Teacher Observations ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Math Scores ◽  
Reading And Math ◽  
Post Test

Building on the increasing number of programs designed to enhance brain development, a program developed in Korea, Brain Respiration, was adapted to a school in Nevada. Classes were offered twice weekly to a class of fourth and fifth grade students with control group classes assessed in the same school. Self-report surveys, teacher observations, and standardized reading and math scores were used to determine effects of the program on the students. Some differences were found in the pretest for the survey and the observation, with control groups scoring higher. There were differences in some post-test scores, with treatment group children scoring higher when differences did occur. There also were differences in the reading and math scores, with control groups scoring higher than the overall treatment group, but not higher when compared to those actively participating in the program. Such differences are discussed as well as other issues possibly influencing the effects.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MULTICULTURAL APPROACH IN WRITING ACHIEVEMENT OF INDONESIAN LANGUAGE AMONG ISLAMIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 366-376
Author(s):  
Noor Alfulaila ◽  
Haryadi Haryadi ◽  
Ajat Sudrajat ◽  
Nashrullah Nashrullah
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Students ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Writing Achievement ◽  
School Students ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
And Control

Multicultural approach in Indonesian language has become an absolute necessity over the last years. This research highlights the role of multicultural culture as a means to improve writing achievement of Indonesian Language among elementary school students. This study aims at determining the effectiveness of the multicultural approach in the writing achievement of Indonesian language among fifth grade students of islamic elementary school who are grouped based on their learning motivation. This study can be catagorized as an experimental study with 2x2 factorial design. The independent variable consists of two categories, multicultural and conventional approaches. The population was  60 fifth grade students of at two private islamic schools. The data was collected using learning achievement tests and learning motivation questionnaires, and analyzed using two-way ANOVA and sheffe test. The results showed that (1) there were a gap in learning achievement between students in the experimental group and control group students; (2) there were differences in learning achievement between students with high motivation between both groups; (3) there were differences in learning achievement between low motivated students between both groups; (4) the multicultural approaches proved to be more effective than the conventional one; and (5) there was no interaction between the approaches and the learning motivation.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN ALAT PERAGA PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA SMP

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Sofia Sa’o
Keyword(s):  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Learning Achievement ◽  
High Category ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Mastery Level

This research was aimed to describe the effectiveness of the use of aids in mathematics instruction in SMP, with: 1) compare the mathematics learning achievement of students who were taught using real aids with that of students who were taught using half-real aids.; 2) compare the mathematics learning mastery of the students from both schools categories.This research is a quasi-experiment with pretest-postest design with non-equivalent groups. This research used two experiment groups and two control groups. Population of this research was fifth grade students of state SMP in Detusoko. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select the sample. From the population, the researcher took two schools and every school consisted of two classes as a sample. The total of the sample are 100 people. Data were collected using test. The test were tried out to two groups of students. To compare the mathematics learning achievement of students, data were analyzed by descriptive statistic and inferential statistic by analysis of covariant  (α =0.05) and was continued with Tukey-Kramer test (α =0.05), while to compare the mathematics learning mastery of the students, data were analyzed by Chi-Square test.The result of this research showed that: 1) from both schools categories the mathematics learning achievement of students who were taught using real aids is higher than that of students taught using half-real aids; 2) the mathematics learning mastery of high category school students who were taught using real aids is higher than that of high category school students who were taught using half-real aids;3) the mathematics learning mastery of low category school students who were taught using real aids is not higher than that of low category school students who were taught using half-real aids; 4) from both schools categories the students who were taught using real aids, reach the mathematics learning mastery level, while the students who were taught using half-real aids, do not reach the learning mastery level.

scholarly journals The Effect of Using Word Family Game on The Vocabulary Mastery of The Fifth Grade Students at SD Negeri 1 Astina in Academic Years of 2017/2018

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 122
Author(s):  
Ni Komang Amelia Kartadi
Keyword(s):  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Fifth Grade Students ◽  
Conventional Teaching ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Better Than

This study aimed at investigating of the effect of using word family game committed by the fifth grade student in SD Negeri 1 Astina in mastering the English vocabulary. This study was True-Experimental with post-test only control group design. The population was 59 students of the fifth grade and the sample was selected by using cluster random sampling. The sample of this research study was 22 students in 5A as an Experimental Group while 22 students in 5B as a Control Group. The experimental group was taught by using Word Family Game and control group was taught without using Word Family Game. The data was analyzed descriptively and inferentially through SPSS 16.0 Program. Descriptively, the students in experimental group were achieved better than the students in control group. It was proven by the result of the mean score of the experimental group was 90.45, while the mean score of control group was 83.18. The result of the t-test also showed that the score of the (tobs) was 3.393 which the score of (tcv) was 1.682 which based on the degree of freedom was 42. It showed that the (tobs) > (tcv), where: 3.393 > 1.682. It could be concluded that the word family game had a significant effect on the students’ vocabulary mastery rather than using conventional teaching. 

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of Demodex-associated recurrent hordeola: an observational, comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Yeon Jun ◽  
Yeon Jung Choi ◽  
Bo Ram Lee ◽  
Sang Un Lee ◽  
Sung Chul Kim
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Common Presentation ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
And Control ◽  
Eyelid Lesions

AbstractOur study evaluated the association between Demodex infestation and recurrent hordeola and examined the clinical features associated with these eyelid lesions. This was an observational, comparative study. We reviewed 250 patients and divided them into the recurrent hordeolum (n = 153) and control (n = 97) groups. Demodex infestation was detected by epilating eyelashes around the lesion/s and viewing them under a light microscope. Patient medical records and photographs were retrospectively analyzed to identify the clinical characteristics of Demodex-associated recurrent hordeola. Demodex was detected in 91 (59.5%) and 17 (17.5%) patients in the recurrent hordeolum and control groups (p < 0.001), respectively. In the recurrent hordeolum group, Demodex mites were found in 74 (68.5%) and 17 (37.8%) of the adult and pediatric patients (p < 0.001), respectively. Among patients with recurrent hordeola, patients in their 20s were most likely to have concomitant Demodex infestation. Patients with Demodex infestations were also more likely to develop recurrent lesions within a shorter period of time from the primary incision and curettage. The most common presentation of Demodex-associated recurrent lesions was external hordeola (67%) (p = 0.002). Demodex infestation may cause recurrent hordeola in adults and children. These mites may play a greater role in the development of lesions in adult patients. The strongest association between Demodex infestation and recurrent lesions was seen in patients in their 20s. Our results suggest that if the hordeola recur within a short period of time with the clinical characteristics of external location of eyelid, multiple numbers of lesions, or anterior blepharitis, eyelash epilation should be performed to identify the presence of Demodex mites.

The Effect of the Power of Thinking Strategy on Achievement and Development of Life Skills to Start Fifth-Grade Literary Students in History

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 1275-1288
Author(s):  
Hanaa Ibrahim Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
American History ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

The current research aims to know the impact of the strategy of thinking power in achievement and development of life skills for fifth-grade literary students in history, by verifying the validity of the following null hypotheses. First, there is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average grades of the experimental group students who study modern and contemporary European and American history according to the thinking power strategy and the average scores of the control group students who study the same subject in the usual way in the post-achievement test.Furthermore, there is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average grades of the experimental group students who study modern and contemporary European and American history according to the strategy of thinking power in the pre- and post-life skills scale. Finally, there is no statistically significant difference at a significance level (0.05) between the average scores of the control group students who study modern and contemporary European and American history according to the usual method in the pre- and post-life skills scale. To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher adopted a partial controlled experimental design for the experimental and control groups, as well as the pre- and post-tests. The researcher applied the research experiment on a sample of fifth grade literary students in (Thuaiba Al-Islamiya Girls High School) affiliated to the General Directorate of Diyala Governorate Education for the academic year (2018/2019), which was randomly selected. The number of female students in the research sample was (66), of which (32) female students were for the experimental group that would be studied according to the strategy of thinking power, and (34) female students for the control group that would be taught according to the regular method. The researcher conducted equivalence between the two research groups with the following variables: (parents' academic achievement, first course scores for the academic year (2018/2019), IQ test scores, and pre-life skills scale scores.After the researcher determined the scientific subject that she will study for the students of the experimental and control groups in the experiment, namely the chapters (the fifth, sixth and seventh) of the modern and contemporary European and American history curriculum to be taught to the fifth grade literary students for the study year 2018/2019, the researcher formulated (131) behavioural goals according to the six levels for BLOOM classification of the cognitive domain (knowledge, understanding, application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation), daily instructional plans were prepared for the experimental and control groups.

UK Blood Lead Monitoring Programme 1984—1987: Protocol and Results For 1984

1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 459-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Quinn ◽  
H.T. Delves
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Blood Lead ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Environmental Lead ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
And Control

The Department of the Environment (DOE) has undertaken an extensive programme to monitor blood lead concentrations annually over the period 1984 to 1987 in the context of the reduction in the maximum permissible lead content of petrol from 0.4 to 0.15 g/l from 1st January 1986. The study includes adults living in heavily trafficked urban areas and in occupational groups particularly exposed to petrol lead; children aged 6—7 years attending schools in heavily trafficked urban areas; and control groups of adults and children in rural areas. The surveys are planned to cover about 1500 adults and 1000 children in total each year. Cohorts of adults are being followed, with replacement where necessary owing to moving, etc. For ethical reasons, no child will be sampled more than once, although the schools concerned will be revisited each year; children's blood is also being examined for antibodies to measles and poliomyelitis. Blood samples are being analysed for lead by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS); considerable efforts are being made to ensure the validity of the analytical results during the period of the study. Results for 1984 indicated that average blood lead concentrations in both adults and children were generally low and were in line with levels expected on the basis of earlier surveys; only a very small proportion of individuals had raised levels. A detailed statistical analysis has confirmed the results of the EEC Blood Lead Surveys (carried out in 1979—1981) that blood lead concentrations were related to a range of personal, social and environmental factors including age, sex and smoking and drinking habits. Comparisons of any trends during the survey period in blood level concentrations in the exposed and control groups, together with results from the monitoring of sources of environmental lead should enable a broad assessment to be made of the effect of the reduction in petrol lead.

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