KINEMATIC ANALYSIS AND SUBSTANTIATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF A SPIRAL-SCREW WORKING UNIT OF A SOIL PROCESSING MACHINE

To improve the quality of pre-sowing soil tillage in the Republic of Tatarstan, a tillage implement has been developed, which, unlike other designs, contains a helical spiral and needle ellipsoid disks coaxially mounted on a horizontal shaft. Passive helix creates a compacted seed bed at the depth of seed placement; needle ellipsoidal disks are active and provide mulching of the surface soil layer. A preliminary analysis of the processes of interaction of the working unit with the soil is possible on the basis of the parametric equations of motion of individual points of the cutting edges of the helical spiral, as well as expressions for determining their speeds and accelerations. The design parameters selected during the calculation and design of the proposed rotary combined tool should ensure that the helical spiral enters the soil with sliding. Otherwise, the traction resistance of the unit increases. To justify the basic design parameters of a spiral-screw working unit, preliminary construction of theoretical dependences is also necessary. According to the calculation results, the points of the cutting edge of the helical spiral make a complex movement in space when the gun moves. The components of the speed and acceleration of these points are variable parameters, which contributes to the active crumbling of the soil and the destruction of its lumps. The optimal design parameters of the working unit of the gun: the diameter of the helical spiral is 0.470 m; the angle of inclination of the helical spiral (the angle of the helix) - 10 ° ... 25 °; the angle of inclination of the large side of the strip to the generatrix of the cylindrical surface that describes the helical spiral is 25 ° ... 30 °

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Influence of basic soil tillage methods on fresh yield and quality of winter rape cultivars

RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries ◽

10.22363/2312-797x-2020-15-4-335-342 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 335-342

Author(s):

Anvar Sh. Gadzhikurbanov

Keyword(s):

Crop Yields ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Flowering Stage ◽

Winter Rape ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Weed Infestation ◽

The Republic

The development of rational system of basic soil tillage results in formation of sufficiently high crop yields. A two-factor field experiment was carried out to address these issues when cultivating winter rape cultivars on light chestnut soils of the Primorsko-Caspian sub-province of the Republic of Dagestan. VEM (standard), Elvis and Meteor winter rape cultivars were studied in the experiment. The following methods of soil tillage were studied: real tillage (control), subsoil tillage. The research revealed that there was no significant difference in agrophysical indicators between the soil cultivation variants. Data on weed infestation of winter rape fields showed that the number of weeds and their weight increased significantly after subsoil tillage. At the budding stage, the number of weeds increased 2.1-fold compared to the control (real tillage), and the weight of weeds increased 1.88-fold. During flowering stage, these indicators were 2.2 times higher. The maximum yield in all variants of the experiment was formed by Elvis cultivar - 44.9 and 41.4 t/ha, respectively, which is more than VEM (standard) and Meteor cultivars by 20.4 t/ha (7.9 %) and 20.0 t/ha (8.7 %), respectively. The yield of Meteor cultivar in these variants was also high and amounted to 41.6 and 38.1 t/ha, respectively, which was higher by 11.5 and 10.4 % compared with the standard. The greatest increase in the fresh yield was provided by real tillage. On average, the yield increased by 8.7 % for varieties in comparison with subsoil cultivation. Elvis cultivar formed the best quality indicators, followed by Meteor cultivar.

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Substantiation of the parameters of the disk-knife working body and the study of its work

Research in Agricultural Engineering ◽

10.17221/87/2017-rae ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 195-201

Author(s):

Savelii Kukharets ◽

Gennadii Golub ◽

Viktor Biletskii ◽

Oleksandr Medvedskii

Keyword(s):

Analytical Model ◽

Equations Of Motion ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Comparative Test ◽

The Body ◽

Geometrical Parameters ◽

Plant Remains ◽

Working Bodies ◽

The Individual

The work is devoted to the issue of improving the quality of cultivating of root-bearing soil layer and optimizing its agrotechnological properties. Improving the quality of cultivation is due to the application of soil cultivating tools equipped with disk-knife working bodies. They are provided theoretical and experimental study of the work of the disk-knife working body, and it is substantiated its rational parameters. The basis of the substantiation of the parameters of the cultivating tool is the original analytical model, which reflects the process of interaction of the working body with the soil. To study the performance of the process, on the basis of kinematic equations of motion of the individual points of the working bodies, it is developed the analytical model of the motion of the battery of the working bodies. On the basis of the provided analytical researches, they were determined geometrical parameters and developed experimental samples of the disk-knife working body. It was carried out a comparative test in the field of tools equipped with disk-knife working bodies and with standard spherical cut-off discs, which confirmed the effectiveness of the use of disk-knife working bodies. The use of disk-knife working bodies ensures: the burying of plant remains and fertilizers into the root-bearing soil layer, improving the quality of soil cultivation, preserving of its structure, reducing the traction resistance of the body.

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Substantiation of the Lattice Ripper Parameters of the Carrot Digger in Conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Agricultural machinery and technologies ◽

10.22314/2073-7599-2020-14-3-15-19 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 15-19

Author(s):

R. N. Norchaev ◽

D. R. Norchaev ◽

R. Kh. Chorshanbiev

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Physicomechanical Properties ◽

Separation Process ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Kinematic Parameters ◽

Carrot Root ◽

Soil Layers ◽

Root Crops ◽

The Republic

The authors showed that during carrot harvesting by diggers, strong soil lumps were formed that were poorly separated from root crops and complicated the separation process, which leaded to machines overloading, due to the variability of the physical and mechanical soil properties. A lattice loosening working body was developed that improved the digger elevator separating ability.(Research purpose) To substantiate lattice ripper parameters of the carrot digger, which provides intensive loosening of the soil and thereby increases the impurities separation completeness with minimal root crops damage.(Materials and methods) The authors researched geometric, kinematic parameters of lattice ripper of the carrot digger. They theoretically substantiated the design parameters of the mechanism and its kinematic parameters after they studied the physicomechanical properties of the carrot bed.(Results and discussion) The authors found that during the interaction of the lattice ripper with soil layers on the elevator, soil lumps were destroyed, the soil was loosened with the following parameters: the ripper radius was not more than 9.5 centimeters, the height of the shaft was 20 centimeters, the blade submerged part was 6 centimeters, the width of the lattice ripper was 47 centimeters.(Conclusions) It was revealed that lattice ripper promoted intensive separation of the soil layer without damage and loss of carrot root crops. The authors proved that the peripheral speed of the lattice ripper should be no more than 2.5 meters per second, the kinematic mode of the separation intensification means should be 2.5, and the radius of the ripper should be no more than 9.5 centimeters.

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Influence of drop irrigation and ways of primary tillage on yield and quality of fruits of sweet pepper in the conditions of the Republic of Dagestan

VEGETABLE CROPS OF RUSSIA ◽

10.18619/2072-9146-2020-6-14-18 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 14-18

Author(s):

D. S. Magomedova ◽

S. A. Kurbanov ◽

D. M. Ramazanov

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Steppe Zone ◽

Sweet Pepper ◽

Resistance Coefficient ◽

Small Scale ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

The Republic

Relevance. In the conditions of the dry-steppe zone of lowland Dagestan, the beneficial effect of drip irrigation in combination with dump cultivation on the yield and quality of sweet pepper fruits from Moldova proved. Results. It experimentally established that maintaining moisture in the active 0.5 m soil layer during the growing season within 80- 100% of LMC against the background of dump processing to a depth of 0.23-0.25 m led to an increase in yield and biochemical composition of sweet pepper fruits. Differences in the influence of dump and small (0.10-0.12 m) tillage on agrophysical and phytosanitary indicators of fertility of meadow medium loamy soil were revealed. The data showing the inappropriateness of using small-scale cultivation under conditions of irrigated vegetable growing, which leads to a deterioration in the agrophysical indicators of fertility: increase in soil density by 0.05-0.08 t/m3, decrease in the number of water-resistant units by 7,0%, water permeability reduction by 22.0% and water resistance coefficient by 12.9%, 2.1 times increase in planting weed and 212.6% potential soil weed. Of the three studied thresholds of soil moisture (70, 80 and 90% LMC), it was established that the best conditions for plant growth and development, optimization of their photosynthetic activity are created at a humidity threshold of 80% LMC, at which the most efficient use of irrigation water is noted. Drip irrigation with maintaining the pre-irrigation threshold for soil moisture not lower than 80% of against the background of dump processing leads to an increase in the number of fruits on 1 plant, an increase in the mass of 1 fruit, which contributed to an increase in yield to 62 t/ha.

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Agrobiological basis of wheat yield formation Dicoccum Schrank (spelt) in the ancestral domain of the Republic of Tatarstan

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20201700072 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

pp. 00072

Author(s):

Farit Shaikhutdinov ◽

Igor Serzhanov ◽

Albina Serzhanova ◽

Abdulsamat Valiev ◽

Venera Aksakova

Keyword(s):

Humus Content ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Middle Volga Region ◽

Layer 4 ◽

Seed Placement ◽

The Republic ◽

Phosphorus And Potassium ◽

Yield Formation

The article presents the results of a three-year (2016–2018) study on the role of seeding rates taking into account the depth of seeding on different backgrounds of mineral nutrition in the conditions of gray forest soils in the middle Volga region. Experiments were conducted on the pilot field of the Department of Plant Industry and Horticulture of Kazan State Automobile University. Soil of the experimental site is characterized by the following agrochemical indicators: humus content – 2.9–3.2 % (according to Tyurin), the sum of the absorbed bases – 27 mg.-per 100 g of soil, light hydrolysable nitrogen – 79.0...110 mg/1000 g (according to Corinth), mobile phosphorus and potassium (according to Kirsanov) – 105...184 and 79...149 mg/1000 g of soil, pHsol.– 5.6–5.7. Research material – double-grain wheat Triticum Dicoccum Schrank (spelt) grade Runo. During all the years of research, the soil layer 4 and 6 cm was the most wetted during the sprouting phase. On average, for 3 years the best completeness of sprouting was provided by sowing rates of 4–5 million germplasm seeds per hectare at the depth of seed placement by 2 and 4 cm. Safety of plants to full ripeness at sowing of 6 million grains per hectare on both feeding backgrounds made up at planting of seeds on 2 cm – 414–423 pieces/m2, 4 cm – 411–432 and 6 cm – 356–374 plants on 1 m2. The highest yield for 3 years on average on both feeding grounds (1.93...2.55 t/ha) was provided by sowing 4 million grains per hectare when planting seeds by 4 cm.

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Estimates on poverty in Russia and the additional measures to reduce it at the regional level

Regional Economics Theory and Practice ◽

10.24891/re.18.4.739 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 739-752 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R.M. Sadykov

Keyword(s):

Poverty Rate ◽

Regional Level ◽

Living Standards ◽

Standard Of Living ◽

High Quality ◽

Social Standard ◽

Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽

The Republic ◽

Sociological Studies

Subject. This article deals with the issues of social justice and a high quality of life, creating favorable economic and social conditions. Objectives. The article aims to assess the rate and changes in poverty in Russia and the Republic of Bashkortostan and develop complementary measures to reduce it. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of logical, comparative, economic and statistical analyses, the results of sociological studies, and official statistics. Results. The article highlights additional measures to reduce poverty in the region, including the establishment of a minimum social standard of living in each particular region that determines the poverty rate. Conclusions. Various factors, such as economic sanctions, economic slowdowns, territorial and regional imbalances, lead to living standards decline and poverty rise.

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THE SPECIFICS OF TAXATION OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN

Innovation in the economy ◽

10.26739/2181-9491-2020-5-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 27-33

Author(s):

Alomatxon Abdullayeva ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Economic Activity ◽

Legal Basis ◽

The Republic ◽

Domestic Products

The article examines the legal basis, application and rates of taxes, customs duties and levies, such as excise and VAT, applied in the foreign economic activity of Uzbekistan.The study found that an increase in taxes, duties and levies on imported goods could also lead to a decline in the quality of domestic products

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DIAGNOSING QUALITY OF FRICTION SYSTEMS OF MECHANISMS OF DEVICES

Issues of radio electronics ◽

10.21778/2218-5453-2019-7-10-13 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (7) ◽

pp. 10-13

Author(s):

D. Yu. Ershov ◽

I. N. Lukyanenko ◽

E. E. Aman

Keyword(s):

Surface Defects ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Design Parameters ◽

Diagnostic Model ◽

Mechanical Assemblies ◽

Local Defects ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Production And Operation

The article shows the need to develop diagnostic methods for monitoring the quality of lubrication systems, which makes it possible to study the dynamic processes of contacting elements of the friction systems of instrument mechanisms, taking into account roughness parameters, the presence of local surface defects of elements and the bearing capacity of a lubricant. In the present article, a modern diagnostic model has been developed to control the quality of the processes of production and operation of friction systems of instrument assemblies. With the help of the developed model, it becomes possible to establish the relationship of diagnostic and design parameters of the mechanical system, as well as the appearance of possible local defects and lubricant state, which characterize the quality of friction systems used in many mechanical assemblies of the mechanisms of devices. The research results are shown in the form of nomograms to assess the defects of the elements of friction mechanisms of the mechanisms of the devices.

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FACTOR OF QUALITY FOR PASSIVE NON-TUNABLE BAND-STOP FILTERS

Issues of radio electronics ◽

10.21778/2218-5453-2019-4-71-74 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 71-74

Author(s):

N. I. Unru ◽

E. I. Ashcherbagin

Keyword(s):

Quality Criterion ◽

Physical Structure ◽

Electrical Characteristics ◽

Central Frequency ◽

Analytical Expression ◽

Notch Band ◽

Attenuation Level ◽

Calculation Results ◽

Design And Manufacture

The notion of a quality criterion for non-tunable band-stop filters is introduced, and on the basis of it a comparison of filters with different designs is performed. The quality criterion takes into account the electrical characteristics of the filter and its dimensions, including the volume, the central frequency of the notch band, the level of total losses in the passbands, the width of the notch band by the level of total losses, the width of the notch band by attenuation level. Thus, it allows you to compare the quality of design and manufacture of passive notch filters of various types. The necessary analytical expression is presented, and for a number of variants of filter execution, the corresponding calculation results are given. The stated materials allow us to estimate and optimize the system of interrelated parameters of filters of an arbitrary physical structure.

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Coordination of technology of railway operation of the Republic of Tajikistan and organization of railways in international traffic

Vestnik of the Railway Research Institute ◽

10.21780/2223-9731-2018-77-4-211-217 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 77 (4) ◽

pp. 211-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

P. N. Pulatov

Keyword(s):

Rolling Stock ◽

Railway Transport ◽

Transport Services ◽

Railway Infrastructure ◽

External Conditions ◽

The Republic ◽

Railway Operation ◽

Required Quality

Current geopolitical and economic conditions for the functioning of railway transport in most post-Soviet states are such that it is extremely difficult to provide required quality of transport services and break-even operations at high expenses for maintaining the railway infrastructure and rolling stock. Dynamics of transportation of the Tajik Railway (TSR) is shown, which displays that most of its sections are classified as low-intensity ones. The paper proposes methodical principles, setting and qualitative analysis of the task of rationalization of operational work and organization of car flows for international transportation, taking into account the specifics of the Tajik Railway. There is a problem of complex maintenance of the efficiency of operational work in modern conditions based on the synthesis of the tasks of self-management (rational internal operational technology of the Tajik Railway) and coordination tasks (technological interaction with railway administrations of other states). Author substantiated the necessity of solving this problem. Proposed classification of technological restrictions and controlled variables in the performance of transport takes into account methods for changing external conditions for the functioning of the railway landfill and methods for increasing internal efficiency of its operation. The search for the solution of the problem involves direct search of variants along its ordered set with clipping of groups of variants that do not correspond to constraints, with the subsequent finding of compromise control over a set of effective alternatives.

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