scholarly journals Effects of stress factors on the performance of non-specific resistance and per-formance of piglets

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (74) ◽  
pp. 114-118
Author(s):  
V. O. Rud
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Mixture ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Group 1

Feeding «feed mixture STO HA» piglets had a positive impact on their resistance and performance in the early postnatal period and the first week after weaning. Research has established that the content of total protein in pigs 4 day age 2nd and 3rd groups did not significantly different from the control group, while their peers from the 4th group born from sows that received «feed mixture STO HA» specified an indicator was higher by 2.8%. The level of total protein in piglet 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th groups of 16-day age was higher by 5.8, 6.2, 8.8% (P < 0.05), respectively, in the control group, the 40th day age – significantly (P < 0.05) higher than same indicator 9.9, 8.6, 9.6% respectively. The difference in levels of immunoglobulin A in pigs receiving «feed mixture STO HA» (2nd and 4th groups) in 16 aged and performance of piglets 1st (control) group was 54.5 – 81.8% and was statistically significant (P < 0.05 – P < 0.01). The 28-day age and concentration of Ig A serum pigs 2nd and 4th groups significantly exceeded by 72.2 and 77.7% rate in the control group, the 40th day age at 60.6 and 54,5%, respectively (P < 0.05). The bactericidal activity of blood serum piglets 40 days old all research groups significantly (P < 0.05 – P < 0.01) greater than 15.9, 11.3, 14.8% performance of their peers in the control group. Lysozyme activity of blood serum pigs 2nd, 3rd, 4th groups and 28 days old dominated his peers likely group 1 15.3, 11.7, 15.6% in the 40-day age – to 19.0; 16.7; 19.8% respectively. Phagocytic activity of leukocytes in pigs 4 days old 4th group born from sows that received «feed mixture STO HA» was higher by 5.7, 9.5, 10.4% compared to piglets 1 – 3rd groups. Phagocytic activity of leukocytes pigs 2nd, 3rd, 4th groups 16 days old and has been above 18.3 (P < 0.05); 11.5; 16.8% (P < 0.05), respectively group 1, the 28-day age – 17.4 (P < 0.05); 12.9 (P < 0.05); 15.2%. Phagocytic activity of leukocytes in piglets 40th age of daily study groups was significantly (P < 0.05) higher respectively pigs in the control group. The difference between the performance of piglets second and the first group was 20.5%, the first and third – 16.0%, fourth and first – 18.6%. The intensity of phagocytosis (FI) in pigs 16-day age 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th group was significantly higher at 16.5 (P <0.05), 12.9, 22.4% (P < 0.01), the 40th day age – to 23.6, 20.1, 21.3%, respectively (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) compared with the control group. The average daily gain  of the piglets 4th group of from 31 th to 40 th day of life superior piglets of group 1 to 58.3%, and body weight in 40-day age – 15.5% (P < 0.01). 

scholarly journals Determination of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) Levels in Kangal Dogs with Maternal Cannibalism

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1493
Author(s):  
Nazlı Ercan ◽  
Mustafa Koçkaya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Difference

Oxidative stress, which plays an active role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, continues to be relevant in assessing the condition changes such as aggression. Some of Kangal dogs have been found to eat their own puppies during their first 24 hours following birth, as a case called maternal cannibalism. The present study aims to determine the levels of serum malondialdehyde (MDA), which is a product of lipid peroxidation, and serum glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, which are the parameters of antioxidant defense system, and total protein and albumin levels and to show their relationship with cannibalism. The study material consists of blood and blood serum of 30 Kangal dog breed in total, 15 of which have maternal cannibalism and 15 haven’t observed maternal cannibalism as a control group. Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde levels were investigated by means of spectrophotometric method in blood serum of these animals. The difference between the mean values of total protein, GPx, SOD, MDA and albumin was statistically significant in the results obtained. These findings conclude that oxidative stress and antioxidative metabolism plays a role in the pathogenesis of cannibalism in dogs.

scholarly journals The cell protection of weated pigs for probiotics

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-119
Author(s):  
L. Bondarenko
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Lysozyme Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Phagocytic Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Experimental Group

The immune system is central to ensuring the consistency of the body's homeostasis. The state of the body's natural resistance is determined by a set of non-specific protective mechanisms. Lymphocytes and phagocytes are actively involved in maintaining immunity. Lymphocytes recognize the antigens of pathogenic microorganisms, and phagocytes absorb and destroy the pathogens themselves. During the weaning of piglets from sows there is a decrease in the protective forces of their body. During this period, the natural resistance of the piglets is reduced due to the stressful situation caused by changing conditions of confinement, the transition to full feed and lack of sows. The immune system of weaning pigs is relatively weak, so when exposed to environmental and technological stressors, they become susceptible to various diseases. The use of probiotic drugs stimulates the activity of the immune system, prevents stress and immunodeficiency. One of these probiotics is the probiotic of domestic production Protecto-active. It w observed the the influence of the probiotic Protecto-active on the indices of nonspecific resistance of the young pigs organism to the growth. An increase in bactericidal activity of blood serum by 12.10% (P <0.05) and lysozyme activity of blood in the piglets of the experimental group was increased by 3.71% compared to control, which indicates the activation of the body's defenses and the increase in adaptive capacity. An important step in the study of the influence of the probiotic Protekto-active on the state of the immune system is to determine the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, phagocytic index and phagocytic number. In the experimental group of piglets that were fed the probiotic Protecto-active, we found an increase in leukocyte phagocytic activity by 9.0% (P <0.001), a phagocytic index by 51.7% (P<0.001) and a phagocytic number by 24.8% ( P <0.01) compared with the control group. Thus, using a probiotic Protecto-active, all indicators of phagocytosis increase: the number of phagocytes increases, their ability to capture microorganisms and increases their digestive capacity, it increases the bacterial and lysozyme activity of blood serum, which is positively reflected in the immunobiosity. Key words: probiotic, phagocytosis, phagocytic index, phagocytic number, phagocytic activity of leukocytes, cellular immunity, piglets

Cytomorphometric and Morphological Analysis in Women with Trichomonas vaginalis Infection: Micronucleus Frequency in Exfoliated Cervical Epithelial Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zehra Safi Oz ◽  
Banu Doğan Gun ◽  
Mustafa Ozkan Gun ◽  
Sukru Oguz Ozdamar
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the cytomorphometric and morphological effects of Trichomonas vaginalis in exfoliated epithelial cells. Study Design: Ninety-six Pap-stained cervical smears were divided into a study group and two control groups as follows: T. vaginalis cases, a first control group with inflammation, and a second control group without inflammation. Micronucleated, binucleated, karyorrhectic, karyolytic, and karyopyknotic cells and cells with perinuclear halos per 1,000 epithelial cells were counted. Nuclear and cellular areas were evaluated in 70 clearly defined cells in each smear using image analysis. Results: The frequencies of morphological parameters in the T. vaginalis cases were higher than the values of the two control groups, and the difference among groups was found to be significant (p < 0.05). The nuclear and cytoplasmic areas of epithelial cells were diminished in patients with trichomoniasis. The mean nucleus/cytoplasm ratio in T. vaginalis patients was higher than the value in the control groups, and the difference between the study group and control group 1 was significant. However, there was no statistically significant increase between the study group and control group 2. Conclusions:T. vaginalis exhibited significant changes in the cellular size and nuclear structure of the cells. The rising frequency of micronuclei, nuclear abnormalities, and changing nucleus/cytoplasm ratio may reflect genotoxic damage in trichomoniasis.

scholarly journals The effect of camel milk curd masses on rats blood serum biochemical parameters: Preliminary study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0256661
Author(s):  
Fatima Dikhanbayeva ◽  
Elmira Zhaxybayeva ◽  
Zhuldyz Smailova ◽  
Arman Issimov ◽  
Zhechko Dimitrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Camel Milk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group I ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Group Ii

This study aimed to assess potential feeding effect of camel milk curd mass and its mixes to experimental rat’s blood serum biochemical parameters, enzymatic activity and the peptide toxicity. Fifty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups (n = 10 each). Each group was fed with camel milk pure curd mass and its mixes for 16 days. At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed to collect the samples from the blood serum. Blood serum biochemical parameters total protein, cholesterol, glucose, albumin, triglycerides; the enzymatic activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase were determined on the A25 automatic analyser, and peptide toxicity analysed by the reference method. The statistical data have shown no significant differences in body weight gain in all groups. Total protein decreased in group II, IV, and V; however, it increased in group III compared to the control group. Cholesterol grew up in group II and it slightly increased in group V, dropped in groups III and IV compared to group I result. Glucose increased in groups II, III, IV compared to group I; still, group V results show a slight decrease. Albumin decreased in group IV, yet in group V it increased than the group I result. Simultaneously, groups II and III results were changed with less percentage. Triglyceride grew up in groups II, V, and it dropped significantly in groups III, IV compared to the control group. De Ritis ratio of enzymes in groups II, III, and IV fluctuated between 1.31 and 0.98 IU/L; however, group V demonstrated significant data versus group I. Diets peptide toxicity in all groups was lower than control group data. The experimental results indicated that curd mass from camel milk could be used as a pure or with additives and it did not discover the observed side effects.

scholarly journals Вплив клозаверму А та катозалу на показники протеїнсинтезувальної функції печінки корів за експериментального фасціольозу, сенсибілізованих атиповими мікобактеріями

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (73) ◽  
pp. 122-125
Author(s):  
O. Kulyaba ◽  
V. Stybel ◽  
B. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
A Value ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Physiological Values ◽  
The Impact

The article contains the results of research the impact of Fasciolosis and mycobacteriosis,the indicators of protein synthesizing function of cows liver. Fasciola and mycobacteria inhibit protein synthesizing function of liver, as indicated by the reduction in their blood level of total protein and albumin fraction. The data indicate hepatotropic of the toxin F. Hepatica and mycobacteria, because namely liver serves as a support of dynamic substances equilibrium of blood plasma. Increasing the level of globulin in the blood serum of cows by association of fasciolosis and mycobacteriosis reflects the intensity of inflammatory processes in animal organism caused by infection of these diseases.Application of closaverm A and catosal to research cows promotes restoration protein synthesizing function of liver. It was found that after application to cows from the first research group for the treatment of closaverm A by 14 and 21 days of level of total protein in the blood serum was gradually increased, but did not reach physiological values. Applying both closaverm A and catosal, was set a slightly higher level of total protein, that at the 28th day of the experiment reached physiological values and therefore amounted to 70.30 ± 1.5 g/l. For the study the level of albumin in the blood of research group, which were used drugs combined, was set its increase already from 7 day of experiment. Significant increase of albumin level in the blood of experimental animals is seeing on the 14th day of the experiment, where appropriate it was within 41.90 ± 1.5 g/l. On the 28th day of the experiment the levels of globulin in the blood of experimental group of animals, which were used closaverm A and catosal, was lower by 11% compared to the control group of animals in specified period of the experiment.Cows treated with closaverm A, value of the coefficient A/T was gradually returned to normal. However, at the 28th day of the experiment has remained at 16% less than the initial values, taken before infestation. Application of closaverm A and catosal to experimental animals contributed to increasing the coefficient of A/T. So at 21st and 28th days of the experiment it was higher than in the control group of cows at 60 and 46%.

scholarly journals Arterial hypertension in combination with atrial fibrillation and extracardiac diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 894-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
L D Khidirova ◽  
D A Yakhontov ◽  
S A Zenin
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To evaluate the character of the course and to determine the features of biochemical manifestations in patients with atrial fibrillation and arterial hypertension combined with extracardiac diseases. Methods. To study the features of the course of persisting form of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) stage 3 combined with extracardiac diseases. 374 patients aged 45 to 65 years were examined. Among them chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; n = 37), diffuse toxic goiter (DTG; n = 33), hypothyroidism (HT; n = 69), diabetes mellitus (DM; n = 49) and abdominal obesity (AO; n = 64) of mild and moderate degree were detected. 5 groups were formed: group 1 - AH + AF + COPD, group 2 - AH + AF + HT, group 3 - AH + AF + DTG, group 4 - AH + AF + DM, group 5 - AH + AF + AO. The control group included 56 patients with AH and AF without concomitant diseases, and the comparison group included 36 patients with AF without AH and 30 patients with AH without AF. The study evaluated clinical, anthropometric and laboratory parameters, the results of instrumental diagnostic investigation. The level of galectin-3 was determined in the serum by ELISA. The concentration of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was measured with a panel “NT-proBNP - ELISA - Best”. Multiple comparisons of the groups were performed with Kruskal - Wallis test. To compare binary and categorical parameters, exact two-tail Fisher’s test was used. Optimal multivariate regression models were developed directly and reversely. Verification of statistical hypotheses was carried out with critical value of significance p = 0.05 i.e. the difference was considered statistically significant if p < 0.05. All statistical calculations were performed with the use of R-Studio soft. Results. When assessing the lipid profile in the studied groups, significant differences were detected for HDL (high density lipoprotein) the values of which were the highest in the control group; TC (total cholesterol) was significantly lower in group 1 and 2; LDL (low density lipoprotein) and TG (triglycerides) - in group 3. The level of uric acid in the serum in all clinical groups was higher compared to those of the control group but significance was reached only in group 3. The concentration of K+ in the blood was significantly higher in all groups compared to the control group. The study of NT-proBNP and galectin-3 as markers reflecting the processes of remodeling and myocardial fibrosis in patients with atrial fibrillation combined with arterial hypertension, demonstrated that the average level of NT-proBNP in all groups was higher than in the control group but the difference was significant only in group 5. The level of galectin-3 in the serum of patients with arterial hypertension and atrial fibrillation combined with comorbid extracardiac pathology was significantly higher in the groups compared to the control group (except for group 3 where the number of patients was the lowest) and significantly lower in the comparison group of patients with atrial fibrillation without arterial hypertension. Conclusion. The course of arterial hypertension and atrial fibrillation with concomitant extracardiac diseases is characterized by the changes of biochemistry, which manifest as the changes of lipid profile, electrolyte content and factors inducing fibrosis. The obtained data confirm the possible role of galectin-3 as a biological marker of fibrosis and myocardial remodeling in patients with AF and AH and comorbid extracardiac pathology.

scholarly journals Influence of Different Feeding Ratio of Pomegranate Peels Powder on Testicular Dimensions, Body Weight and Testosterone Concentration in Karadi Male Lambs

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Daily Gain

The current study was presented to conclude the influence of different ratio of pomegranate peel powder (PP) in feed of Karadi male lambs, they divided to 4 groups (0% as a control, 1% treatment 1, 2% treatment 2 and 4% as treatment 3), on scrotal circumference (SC), scrotum height (SH), body weight (BW) and blood serum testosterone concentration (T). In this study, sixteen (16) of Karadi male lambs used with 24.30 ± 0.40 kg weight and with 4-5 months old, all lambs have been randomly divided equally into four (4) groups and individually penned in a box for during 63 days. Results in our study showed that SC was significantly different and recorded higher 17.875±0.54 cm in group that fed on 1% PP, also SH recorded higher and significant different in group fed on 1% PP compared with other groups 10.000±0.32 cm. Average blood serum testosterone reduces in all groups compared to control group that fed on 0% of PP (11.418±0.15 n.mol/L). Final body weight in our study had significantly different (P < 0.05) between groups, 1% PP recorded higher weight (34.9 ± 0.58) kg. Each average daily gain, total body gain and initial body weight had not significant different in all groups. Correlation coefficient between SC, SH, blood serum testosterone concentration and final BW computed and ranged between (-0.397 to + 0.914).

scholarly journals Effects of Progressive Muscle Relaxation on Concentration and Performance Scores of 10m Shooters

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novrizal Achmad Novan ◽  
Nandya Indriana Adha Irianto ◽  
Komarudin Komarudin ◽  
Patriana Nurmansyah Awwaludin
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Progressive Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Performance

Shooting skills are complex. Athletes often have to face a situation requiring one shot to get a perfect score and maintain concentration and the trigger pull. This study aimed to analyze the difference in progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) exercise on increasing concentration and performance scores of 10-meter shooting. A total of 12 athletes (seven female dan five males) in Purwakarta were recruited for this study. They were randomly assigned to the PMR group (n = 6) and the control group (n = 6). The instruments used were the Concentration Grid Test for measuring concentration and the scores of 60 shots of the 10-meter shooting of both men and women for a performance test. Data analysis using MANCOVA was performed using shooting and concentration scores as the dependent variables and covariates to determine their performance. They can be differentiated based on conventional training methods, progressive muscle relaxation, and the interaction of these factors. The results of the MANCOVA indicated a significant main effect for exercise methods. It was revealed that differences in exercise methods had a significant effect on concentration and shooting scores. When athletes face the demands of top performance, PMR training is an economical but efficient and effective strategy for dealing with the problems. It helps athletes to do the self-control and focus their attention during stressful situations. It also can be used to maintain physical, technical, and mental balances.

scholarly journals Effects of glutamine supplementation on innate immune response in rats with gut-derived sepsis

2004 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Ling Yeh ◽  
Yu-Ni Lai ◽  
Huey-Fang Shang ◽  
Ming-Tsan Lin ◽  
Wei-Jao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Phagocytic Activity ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Lymphocyte Subpopulation ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Caecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Caecal Ligation

The present study examined the effect of glutamine (Gln)-enriched diets before sepsis or Gln-containing total parenteral nutrition (TPN) after sepsis, or both, on the phagocytic activity and blood lymphocyte subpopulation in rats with gut-derived sepsis. Rats were assigned to a control group or one of four experimental groups. The control group and groups 1 and 2 were fed a semipurified diet; groups 3 and 4 had part of casein replaced by Gln. After feeding the diets for 10d, sepsis was induced by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP); TPN was maintained for 3d after CLP. The control group and groups 1 and 3 were infused with conventional TPN and groups 2 and 4 were supplemented with Gln in the TPN solution. All rats were killed 3d after CLP or sham operation to examine their immune responses. The results showed that compared with the control group, the phagocytic activities of peritoneal macrophages were enhanced in groups 3 and 4, but not in groups 1 and 2. The proportion of CD3+ cells in group 1 was significantly lower (P<0·05) than that of the control group, whereas no differences were observed among the control and Gln-supplemented groups. The CD4+ cell proportion was significantly lower (P<0·05) in group 1 compared with the control group and groups 3 and 4. These findings suggest that Gln-enriched diets before CLP significantly enhanced peritoneal macrophage phagocytic activity, preserved CD4+ cells and maintained blood total T lymphocytes in gut-derived sepsis. However, parenteral Gln administration after caecal ligation and puncture had no favourable effects on modulating immune response in septic rats.

scholarly journals Pengaruh model collaborative learning terhadap peningkatan motivasi dan hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas IV SD

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Ika Dewi Primadiati ◽  
Djukri Djukri
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Learning ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Difference Test ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Motivation And Achievement

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pengaruh penerapan model collaborative learning terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA SD Negeri se-Gugus I Caturtunggal. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan pretest-posttest control design. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model collaborative learning berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar  dan motivasi siswa pada mata pelajaran IPA daripada menggunakan model cooperative script. Hasil analisis uji beda hasil belajar siswa antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok eksperimen 1 diperoleh perbedaan rata-rata sebesar 4,51. Hasil analisis uji beda motivasi belajar siswa antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok eksperimen diperoleh perbedaan rata-rata sebesar 4,76. Hasil analisis uji beda hasil belajar siswa antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok eksperimen 2 diperoleh perbedaan rata-rata sebesar 1,19. Hasil analisis uji beda motivasi belajar siswa antara kelompok kontrol dengan kelompok eksperimen 2 diperoleh perbedaan rata-rata sebesar 2,68. Hasil penelitian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model collaborative learning dapat digunakan siswa pada pembelajaran IPA SD untuk meningkatkan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa.Kata Kunci: collaborative learning, motivasi, dan hasil belajar The effects of collaborative learning model on increasing student’s motivation and achievement of the fourth grade of elementary schoolAbstractThis research aimed to describe the effects of collaborative learning model to increase motivation and achievement of the fourth grade students of Elementary School se-Gugus I Caturtunggal. This research was a quasi-experimental study using the pretest-posttest control design. The results of the research show that the model of collaborative learning has more positive and significant effects on the increasing of student’s motivation and achievement on  science subjects than using a cooperative script model. The analysis results show a different increasing of student’s motivation and achievement between the control group and the experimental group 1, with the difference in average of 4.5. The results of the analysis of student’s learning motivation difference test between the control group and experimental group 1 with the average difference of 4.76. The analysis results show a different increasing of student’s motivation and achievement between the control group and the experimental group 2 with the difference in average of 1.19. The results of the analysis of student’s learning motivation difference test bet ween the control group and experimental group 1 with the average difference of 2.68. From the results of the research it can be concluded that the application of the model of collaborative learning can be used in the sciece learning process for elementary schools to enhance students motivation and achievement.Keywords: collaborative learning, learning motivation, and learning achievement

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