Clinico mycological study of tinea capitis

Background: Tinea capitis is a superficial fungal infection of the scalp and scalp hair that is caused by dermatophytes most commonly in children. It is caused by genera Trichophyton and Microsporum.The aims and objectives of the study were to study the epidemiological aspects, various etiological agents, clinical types, clinic etiological correlation and to note the changing trends.Methods: All new patients with tinea capitis were included for the study after KOH positivity. For total 98 patients in all age groups, fungal culture was performed from scalp scrapings. The epidemiological factors and the clinic etiological correlation were also assessed.Results: Tinea capitis was found most commonly in the 5-10 years age group with a male preponderance (69%). Non inflammatory types were more commonly observed in 66.3% of cases, with grey patch being the most common type. Kerion was most common in inflammatory group. T. tonsurans (31.1%) was the most frequently isolated fungus followed by T. violaceum and T. mentagrophytes in 25.7% each. In previous studies T. violaceum was the most common agent isolated in South India, whereas T. tonsurans is the most common agent in this study, showing a changing scenario. The clinic mycological correlation revealed that a single pathogen may give rise to various clinical types. Conclusions: In any location, the pathogenic species may change with time. A single pathogen may give rise to various clinical types.

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A community study of alcohol consumption in a rural area in South India

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20172197 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 2172 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rajeev A. ◽

Sherin B. Abraham ◽

Thushara G. Reddy ◽

Celin M. Skariah ◽

Indiradevi E. R. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South India ◽

Problem Drinking ◽

Age At Onset ◽

Age Groups ◽

Age Group ◽

Adult Males ◽

Potential Health ◽

Middle Income ◽

The Past ◽

Identification Test

Background: Alcohol is reaping a socio-psychological cost from the lesser educated and poor of Kerala. Its prevalence varies from 33-50%, with the age of initiation decreasing recently. The type of liquor and the manner, in which it is consumed, make it a risk factor for many health hazards. This study aimed to find out the age at onset of the habit and the potential side effects in a rural population of Thiruvalla, Kerala, India. Methods: A house to house survey of adult males was carried out using the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) questionnaire in Thiruvalla, Kerala. The age at initiation and potential health effects of the habit was inquired and the drinkers were grouped into 3 based on dose and frequency of drinking, in addition to the teetotalers. Results: The sample studied was heavily dominated by the middle income, pre-university males. Prevalence of problem drinking was 12.8% across the age groups with the highest drinking prevalence in the age group under 40. AUDIT subscore adequately revealed the amount of drinking and extent of addiction. About 3/4th to 2/3rd regular drinkers suffered from adverse effects of drinking in the past. Only less than a third of occasional drinkers had these associated histories. Higher degrees of drinking were associated with lower incomes. Age at initiation influenced the extent of present drinking and the occurrence of adverse events. Conclusions: The study points to the necessity of delaying the age of initiation of drinking among youngsters in Kerala.

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Alopecia in Children: The Most Common Causes

Pediatrics in Review ◽

10.1542/pir.12.1.25 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 25-30

Author(s):

Andrew V. Atton ◽

Walter W. Tunnessen

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Tinea Capitis ◽

Scalp Hair ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Careful Examination ◽

Age Group ◽

Pediatric Age ◽

Pediatric Age Group ◽

Common Causes ◽

Historical Pattern

The differential diagnosis of alopecia in the pediatric age group is simplified by the fact that 90% to 95% of the cases are caused by four major entities: alopecia areata, telogen effluvium, tinea capitis, and trichotillomania. Careful examination of the scalp, hair, and historical pattern of the loss will usually be rewarded by the correct diagnosis.

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Study on epidemiological trends of canine rabies between2011 and 2014 in Chennai city, South India

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.11424 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Sukumar Bharathy ◽

Lakshmanasami Gunaseelan

Keyword(s):

South India ◽

Retrospective Data ◽

Age Group ◽

Prospective Data ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Canine Rabies ◽

Epidemiological Factors ◽

Epidemiological Trends ◽

Chennai City ◽

Rabies Vaccination

The objective of present study was to identify various epidemiological factors associated with canine rabies in Chennai city. Data were collected from a total of 169 canine rabies suspected cases which included, retrospective data of 102 (September 2011 to March 2013) and prospective data of 67 that were collected from Under Observation for Rabies (UOR) ward, Teaching Hospital, Madras Veterinary College. The data compiled over 3 years from 169 suspected canine rabid animals were analyzed based on Seller’s staining, of which 125 dogs (91.2%) tested positive. Rabies positives were encountered at a higher level in non-descript dogs (77.6%) and males comprised a larger number of rabies positives (57.6%) with susceptible age group of 1 to 3 years. Greater incidence was reported in the month of February, May and October. Age, breed and sex had no significant effect on the occurrence of rabies in animals. Canine rabies appears to be concentrated around North and Central Chennai compared to other parts of Chennai, hence people in these areas may be considered to be at a higher risk for dog bites. Owned Non-descript dogs attributed to the higher incidence. Hence, educating owners about rabies vaccination is needed because they are closer source of rabies to human than stray dogs.

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Pattern of malignancies in geriatric patients

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.19650 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 19650-19650

Author(s):

L. S. Maddali ◽

S. Maddali

Keyword(s):

Solid Tumors ◽

Geriatric Patients ◽

Age Groups ◽

Work Load ◽

Hematologic Malignancies ◽

Background Information ◽

Age Group ◽

Colon 26 ◽

Male Preponderance ◽

Expanding Population

19650 Background: Information regarding pattern of malignancies in geriatric patients in India is not readily available. Methods: Between 1st January 1999 and 31st December 2006 we encountered 832 geriatric patients among a total of 3748 cases. Analysis was done with respect to age, sex and disease. Results: Geriatric patients constituted 832/3748 (22.20%) of our work load. Males 432 (51.92%) Females 400 (48.08%). Hematologic malignancies 214 (25.72%) Solid tumors 618 (74.28%). male preponderance in Hematologic malignancies 141/214 (66.89%); female preponderance in solid tumors 327/618 (52.91%). Top 7 malignancies: Males (432)-NSCLC 60 (13.89%) Prostate 57 (13.19%) NHL 48 (11.11%) Myeloma 39 (9.03%) CLL 31 (7.18%) HNSCC 30 (6.94%) Colon 26 (6.02%); Females (400)- Breast 147 (36.75%) Ovary 50 (12.50%) Uterus 44 (11.00%) NHL 25 (6.25%) Colon 20 (5.00%) NSCLC 11 (2.75%) CML 10 (2.50%). Age groups: (65–70) yrs-517 (62.13%) males 254, females 263; (71–80) yrs-264 (31.73%) males 152 females 112; (81–90) yrs-48 (5.78%) males 24, females 24; >91yrs-3 (0.36%) males 2 female 1. Top 5 malignancies in each age & sex group: Males, (65–70) yrs, 254: NSCLC 39 NHL 30 Prostate 29 Myeloma 24 Colon 19; (71–80) yrs, 152: Prostate 20 NSCLC 19 NHL 17 CLL 15 HNSCC 14; (81–90) yrs, 24: Prostate 7 Myeloma 2 CLL 2 CML 2 AML 2; Females, (65–70) yrs, 263: Breast 99 Ovary 37 Uterus 30 colon 13 NHL 13; (71–80) yrs, 112: Breast 41 Ovary 12 NHL 11 Uterus 10 CLL 9; (81–90) yrs, 24: Breast 7 Uterus 4 CLL 2 Renal cell carcinoma 2 Ovary 1. Conclusions: Solid tumors are the predominant malignancies in geriatric patients 618/832 (74.28%). B Cell neoplasms constitute bulk of the hematologic neoplasms 173/214 (80.84%). Sarcomas are uncommon 20/832 (2.40%). Important solid tumors: Prostate, NSCLC, Colon and HNSCC in males; Breast, Ovary, Uterus and colon in females. Age group (65–70) yrs is the major group 517/832 (62.13%) followed by significant age group (71–80) yrs 264/832 (31.73%). It is imperative to employ curative strategies for malignancies in this ever expanding population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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A clinical and mycological study of dermatophytosis in a tertiary care hospital

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20211704 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 429

Author(s):

Rajesh Munuswamy ◽

Pramodhini Subramanian

Keyword(s):

Clinical Diagnosis ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Skin Lesions ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Fungal Culture ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Male Preponderance ◽

Study Population

Background: With changing climatic conditions, socio-demographic profile, economic conditions and occupational profile of the population, the profile of the dermatophyte infections is also changing. Hence, the study was done to find out the prevalence of various clinical pattern of dermatophytosis and correlate the clinical diagnosis with KOH positivity and fungal culture positivity.Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital, Puducherry. The study included patients presenting to the dermatology outpatient department with skin lesions suggestive of dermatophyte infections between January 2016 to July 2017. The KOH test and fungal culture were done.Results: The mean age of the patients was 33.65±11.61 years, with the majority belonging to 16 to 30 years of age group. There was a high male preponderance 72% with male:female ratio of 2.57:1. The most common clinical diagnosis was Tinea corporis in 47.50% of the population., followed by Tinea Unguium in 28% and Tinea cruris in 19.50%. KOH positivity was seen in 86 (43%) out of 200 cases in the study population. The culture was positive in 55 (27.50%) of the study population. The most common organism isolated in culture was Trichophyton mentagrophyte (10%), followed by Trichophyton rubrum (9.5%) and Trichophyton tonsurans (5.5%). 55 (27.5%) of the people had both culture and KOH positive.Conclusions: Dermatophyte infections commonly affect the young and economically productive age group of 16 to 30-year, with high male preponderance. KOH tends to show a higher proportion of positivity as compared to culture.

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Profile of onychomycosis in dermatology outpatient department at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia periods 2016-2017

Bali Dermatology and Venereology Journal ◽

10.15562/bdv.v1i1.5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

IGAA Dwi Karmila ◽

Adeline Santoso

Keyword(s):

Fungal Infection ◽

General Hospital ◽

Secondary Infection ◽

Age Groups ◽

Outpatient Department ◽

Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis ◽

Fungal Culture ◽

Age Group ◽

Common Drug ◽

The Common

Introduction: Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nails that causes discoloration, thickening, and separation from the nail bed. Onychomycosis is caused by various organisms, most often dermatophytes of the genus Trichophyton. Other organisms include Candida, which is more common in fingernail infections and patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. Nondermatophyte molds are a less common cause in the general population. This study aimed to identify sex, age, classification, fungal culture, treatment, and incident of secondary infection in onychomycosis at Dermatology Outpatient Department at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar Periods January 2016 – December 2017.Methods: Study design using descriptive retrospective model done by taking data from medical record in Dermatology Outpatient Department at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar Periods 2016-2017.Result: There were 268 patients in Dermatovenereology Outpatient Department at Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar, 29 (10,82%) of whom were diagnosed with onychomycosis in Periods 2016-2017. According to age group, the most cases occur in 26-65 year age groups. Females were more frequently affected than males. The most classification finding is distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis and the most commonly isolated fungi were yeasts from the Candida species. The most commonly given therapy is a combination therapy of systemic antifungal with topical. Fluconazole is the most common drug that uses orally and ciclopirox as topical agent.Conclusions: Onychomycosis is one of the common fungal infection observed in patient attending dermatology outpatient department with the most classification finding is distal and lateral subungual onychomycosis. The most commonly isolated fungi were Candida sp.Keywords: onychomycosis, fungal, nail

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Changing trends in suicide rates in South Korea from 1993 to 2016: a descriptive study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-023144 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. e023144 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Sang-Uk Lee ◽

Jong-Ik Park ◽

Soojung Lee ◽

In-Hwan Oh ◽

Joong-Myung Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Korea ◽

Suicide Prevention ◽

Suicide Rate ◽

Age Groups ◽

Descriptive Study ◽

Age Group ◽

Prevention Policies ◽

Suicide Rates ◽

Changing Trends ◽

Almost All

ObjectivesThe South Korean government has recently implemented policies to prevent suicide. However, there were few studies examining the recent changing trends in suicide rates. This study aims to examine the changing trends in suicide rates by time and age group.DesignA descriptive study using nationwide mortality rates.SettingData on the nationwide cause of death from 1993 to 2016 were obtained from Statistics Korea.ParticipantsPeople living in South Korea.InterventionsImplementation of national suicide prevention policies (first: year 2004, second: year 2009).Primary outcome measuresSuicide was defined as ‘X60-X84’ code according to the ICD-10 code. Age-standardised suicide rates were estimated, and a Joinpoint regression model was applied to describe the trends in suicide rate.ResultsFrom 2010 to 2016, the suicide rates in South Korea have been decreasing by 5.5% (95% CI −10.3% to −0.5%) annually. In terms of sex, the suicide rate for men had increased by 5.0% (95% CI 3.6% to 6.4%) annually from 1993 to 2010. However, there has been no statistically significant change from 2010 to 2016. For women, the suicide rate had increased by 7.5% (95% CI 6.3% to 8.7%) annually from 1993 to 2009, but since 2009, the suicide rate has been significantly decreasing by 6.1% (95% CI −9.1% to −3.0%) annually until 2016. In terms of the age group, the suicide rates among women of almost all age groups have been decreasing since 2010; however, the suicide rates of men aged between 30 and 49 years showed continuously increasing trends.ConclusionOur results showed that there were differences in the changing trends in suicide rate by sex and age groups. Our finding suggests that there was a possible relationship between implementation of second national suicide prevention policies and a decline in suicide rate.

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Assessment of flat foot using plantar arch index in young adults

Biomedicine ◽

10.51248/.v41i3.649 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 535-538

Author(s):

Amith Ramos ◽

Shannon Fernandes ◽

. Pooja ◽

Pooja J. Panicker ◽

Pooja Krishnan

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Young Student ◽

Age Group ◽

Flat Foot ◽

Medical College ◽

Flat Feet ◽

Age Dependent ◽

Male Preponderance ◽

Arch Index ◽

A Prospective Study

Introduction and Aim: Flat foot or pes planus results from collapse of the arches of the foot. Etiology, however varies in different age groups. As anthropometric measurements are age dependent, their correlation with different foot postures should be age specific. Our study aimed at using Plantar arch Index (PAI) to identify prevalence of flat foot in a young student population and find any association of obesity with flat foot. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 150 medical students of a medical college. Staheli’s method was used to calculate PAI after collecting the footprints of students by ink method. Results: Prevalence of type III flat foot deformity was 6%, with a male preponderance. The PAI values ranged from 0 to 1.818. No association was found between obesity and PAI. Conclusion: Obesity was not associated with flat foot in the age group 18-25 years probably indicating different etiology for acquired flat foot in this age group. Our study also suggests that simple ink print method is a simpler method to diagnose flat feet deformity clinically using PAI.

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The Effect of Collagen Mediated Platelet Release on Plasma Prekallikrein Activation

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1661014 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 51 (01) ◽

pp. 037-041 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K M Weerasinghe ◽

M F Scully ◽

V V Kakkar

Keyword(s):

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Platelet Rich Plasma ◽

Age Groups ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Age Group ◽

Platelet Factor ◽

Activated Platelets ◽

Platelet Release ◽

Collagen Treatment

SummaryCollagen mediated platelet aggregation caused -5.6 ± 6.7% inhibition and +39.1 ± 15.2% potentiation of prekallikrein activation in plasma from normal healthy volunteers between 20–40 and 50–65 years of age, respectively (n = 15, p <0.01). The amouns of platelet factor-four (PF4) released in the two groups were not significantly different. Collagen treatment in the presence of indomethacin caused +11.5 ± 3.6% and +59.6 ± 19.5% potentiation in the 20–40 and 50–65 age groups respectively (p <0.02). Adrenaline mediated platelet aggregation caused -55.2 ± 7.1% and -35.2 ± 8.3% inhibition in the 20–40 and 50–65 age groups, respectively. Collagen treatment of platelet-deficient-plasma and platelet-rich-plasma in EDTA also caused potentiation of prekallikrein activation.The results indicate that the observed degree of prekallikrein activation after platelet aggregation is a net result of the inhibitory effect of PF4 and the potentiatory effect of activated platelets. The potentiatory effect was greater after collagen treatment as compared to adrenaline treatment, and in the 50–65 age group as compared to the 20–40 age group.

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Health and Nutritional Status of Orphan Children’s Living in Orphanages with Special Reference to District Anantnag of Jammu and Kashmir

International Journal of Indian Psychology ◽

10.25215/0302.191 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Mashkoor Ahmad Lone ◽

Dr. P. Ganesan

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Indian Academy ◽

Dental Enamel ◽

Nutritional Intake ◽

Age Group ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Jammu And Kashmir ◽

Material Resources ◽

Height For Age ◽

Weight For Age

The practice of placing deprived children having least or no emotional and material resources, in orphanages has since long been prevailing in socio -economically poor Asian countries. A sample of 30 children residing in orphanage in district Anantnag in the age group of 13-18 years was selected for the present study. Most of the children were found socially and psychologically disturbed. As per Indian Academy Paediatrics (IAP) classification with respect to weight for age the condition was not bad that as approximately 67% percent of the children were found to be normal. In the same way height for age as per Waterloo’s classification shown that more than half of the children were normal. On clinical examination approximately 47% of children were normal, while as rest were suffering from dispigmentation of hair, moon face, xerosis of skin cheilosis, magenta tongue, spongy bleeding gums, oedema, conjuctival xerosis, and mottled dental enamel. The findings indicated that nutritional intake was deficient for all nutrients when compared to, Recommended Daily Allowances Chart (RDA) for all age groups which may be linked to poor planning of menus in orphanages.

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