Pattern of Integrated System of Smallholder Beef Cattle Central in Tegal Regency

Purpose of this research is to focus on importance of knowing the activities of smallholder enterprise systems, types and trends in the patterns of integrated systems adopted, the impact of implementing integrated systems and the implications for sustainability of livestock systems. This research also emphasize the importance of opportunities in enhancing and increasing livestock productivity and increasing production in smallholder farms and developing the easiest formulation of strategies for sustainable livestock systems. A qualitative method using Soft System Methodology (SSM) from System Thinking was chosen to visualize the activities of smallholder enterprise systems and the pattern of integrated systems are presented descriptively. The next study method of quantitative is used to determine the impact of livestock productivity on each applied integrated systems presented comparatively. Soft System Methodology succeed to visualize smallholder enterprise systems at the level of individual and community level of farmer. Farmer’s group activity influence the pattern of integrated systems that impacted on beef cattle’s productivity. The ICLFS pattern promotes a way of optimally utilizing agroecosystems and it has potential and become candidate system that be able in enhancing and increasing productivity, increasing livestock production and farmer's income, and realize beef self-sufficiency.

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HANDLING OF COAL DUST AT COAL HANDLING FACILITY IN COAL POWER PLANT USING SOFT SYSTEM METHODOLOGY (SSM) APPROACH

SINERGI ◽

10.22441/sinergi.2019.3.006 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 223

Author(s):

Akhyar Zuniawan ◽

Iphov Kumala Sriwana

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Coal Dust ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Conveyor Belt ◽

Working Environment ◽

Soft System Methodology ◽

Coal Power ◽

The Impact ◽

System Methodology

Currently, many coal-fired powers plants are built to supply electrical energy needs in Indonesia due to relatively inexpensive raw materials and abundant in Indonesia. Handling of coal is mostly done at the power plant using coal handling facilities consisting of ship unloaders, conveyor belts, stock piles, silos or bunkers. The problem that arises in the coal handling facility is dust from coal that fells or hovers in the air so that it can interfere with the environment and health both for workers in the Coal Power and residents around the Coal Power. The purpose of writing this paper is to eliminate the spread of coal dust that arises due to coal handling equipment that is not precise and imperfect. The method used is the Soft System Methodology (SSM), which is a systematic approach used to analyze and solve problems in complex and messy situations. This paper examines the benefits of applying SSM to knowledge management issues in handling coal dust at a power plant. Improvement is done by upgrading coal handling equipment (ship unloader, conveyor belt, stock pile) with the addition of dust suppression, proper sealing system, dust bag, and training to operators on the impact and handling of coal dust and coal handling equipment maintenance, so resulting in a significant decrease in the spread of coal dust, creating a working environment and the environment becomes clean, healthy and safe.

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Impact of Weather on Crops in Few Northern Parts of Bangladesh: HCI and Machine Learning Based Approach

Australian Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology ◽

10.34104/ajeit.020.07015 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 7-15

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Food Security ◽

Crop Production ◽

Performance Metrics ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Production Level ◽

Soft System Methodology ◽

Average Production ◽

The Impact ◽

System Methodology

As Bangladesh is an agricultural country, the economy, as well as the food security of this country, mostly depends on the production level of different crops over the year. Therefore, there exists immense pressure on exaggerated crop production due to the fast growth of the population. But, the average production level is being hampered by the bad nature of the weather. We have conducted a survey on near about 100 farmers of two northern districts of Bangladesh: Pabna and Rajshahi and assessed the impact of rough nature on production. According to farmers and agriculturalists, it is noticed that rough weather causes about 30% to 70% production shortage than expectation with all other factors remaining constant. In this study, we have adopted Human-computer interaction (HCI) based approach (Soft System Methodology-SSM) to this aspect for efficacious collaboration with root-level farmers and agricultural trainers providing ease for understanding weather-related issues on the production of crops. Finally, some machine learning algorithms were also implemented on the obtained dataset to accurately classify the range of production level of rice and a comparison is made among the algorithms based on performance metrics. Moreover, an android based application is created to depict the summary of the study.

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SOFT SYSTEM METHODOLOGY APPROACH: TOURISM CONCEPTUAL MODEL AS THE IDENTITY OF BANDUNG, INDONESIA

Verslas teorija ir praktika ◽

10.3846/btp.2020.11038 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 282-292

Author(s):

Leo Aldianto ◽

Santi Novani ◽

Grisna Anggadwita ◽

Adi Asmariadi Budi ◽

Christina Wirawan

Keyword(s):

Conceptual Model ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

System Thinking ◽

Model Design ◽

Soft System Methodology ◽

City Tourism ◽

Tourism Sector ◽

The Government ◽

Tourism Potential ◽

System Methodology

The Indonesian tourism sector has become one of government’s focus points because of its significant contribution to economic development on all levels, district/city, province, or national. As an Indonesian city, Bandung has a lot of tourism potential with its local cultural diversity. The purpose of this research is to develop a conceptual model design of tourism, especially in Bandung city as one of the cultural identity cities in West Java. A system thinking approach with qualitative analysis, known as the Soft System Methodology (SSM), is used in this research. Qualitative data collection techniques were carried out by a purposive sampling technique which was obtained from the results of in-depth interviews with stakeholders that included academics, representatives of the government, communities, and businesspeople in the tourism sector. The result of this research is a conceptual model design for Bandung city tourism as the identity of a cultural city, called as Sunda Culture Center (Sunda Centrum).

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Impacts of windbreak shelter on crop and livestock production

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp17242 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (8) ◽

pp. 785 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

T. P. Baker ◽

M. T. Moroni ◽

D. S. Mendham ◽

R. Smith ◽

M. A. Hunt

Keyword(s):

Environmental Conditions ◽

Quantitative Data ◽

Agricultural Landscapes ◽

Pasture Production ◽

Farm Productivity ◽

Wide Range ◽

Livestock Productivity ◽

On Farm ◽

The Impact ◽

Livestock Systems

Agroforestry (the integration of trees into agricultural landscapes) has been promoted, in Australia and elsewhere, as a way to increase farm productivity by providing a wide range of benefits. Despite this, adoption of agroforestry in Australian agricultural systems remains low. To implement agroforestry, farmers must be convinced the benefits of including trees outweigh the costs. This review evaluates the available quantitative data on shelter benefits with emphasis on Australian conditions, identifies key research gaps and determines if there is sufficient knowledge to make accurate predictions about impacts on farm productivity. Availability of quantitative data on windbreak shelter benefits was examined in five key areas; water use and evaporation, crop/pasture production, livestock mortality, livestock productivity and the capacity to model impacts of windbreaks on crop/livestock systems. Good quantitative data exists for many areas, particularly for changes in environmental conditions following tree establishment, however there were many gaps in key areas. Importantly, the ability to predict crop growth under spatially and temporally variable environmental conditions and the impact of windbreaks on livestock productivity is not yet able to be meaningfully quantified. Thus modelling the profitability of windbreaks is difficult and existing models require additional quantitative data to validate and improve them.

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Memperkuat Daya Saing Bank Syariah Dengan Meningkatkan Kemampuan Teknologi Informasi

Liquidity ◽

10.32546/lq.v1i1.152 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 32-41

Author(s):

Amrizal Amrizal

Keyword(s):

Information System ◽

Credit Card ◽

Banking Industry ◽

Integrated System ◽

Integrated Systems ◽

Islamic Banks ◽

Electronic Money ◽

Electronic Transactions ◽

Excellent Service ◽

Debit Cards

Banking industry is very tight competition in all aspects. Results review from some literatures: journals and empirical data indicates that the banking industry has been applied information technology in order to provide excellent service to customers in the form of electronic transactions such as ATM, sms banking, e-commerce and so forth. Based on Bank Indonesia reports, the type of electronic transaction has been growing very rapidly between the transaction and Bilyetgiro Elekteronik Checks, ATM, Credit Card, Account Card Based (ATM and Debit Cards), Electronic Money, Delivery Chanel and RTGS. Those above transactions are relating to the Technology Information System and Integrated System. Integrated system is the combination of Hardskill which focus on knowledge and more to the integrity softskill (shidiq, trustworthy, tablig, fathonah). Islamic banks are ready to face competition both nationally and internationally, primarily face competition from the aspect of Integrated Systems. Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM) developed e-banking features on an ongoing basis, among others

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Combined soft system methodology and agent‐based simulation for multi‐methodological modelling

Systems Research and Behavioral Science ◽

10.1002/sres.2802 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alireza Moumivand ◽

Adel Azar ◽

Abbas Toloie Eshlaghy

Keyword(s):

Agent Based Simulation ◽

Soft System Methodology ◽

Agent Based ◽

System Methodology

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Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Cattle Dung and Nutrient Cycling in Integrated Crop–Livestock Systems

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10050672 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 672

Author(s):

Sandoval Carpinelli ◽

Adriel Ferreira da Fonseca ◽

Pedro Henrique Weirich Neto ◽

Santos Henrique Brant Dias ◽

Laíse da Silveira Pontes

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Cycling ◽

Temporal Distribution ◽

Nutrient Release ◽

Cattle Dung ◽

Total N ◽

Light Reduction ◽

Residue Decomposition ◽

Thiessen Polygon ◽

The Impact ◽

Livestock Systems

Residue decomposition from cattle dung is crucial in the nutrient cycling process in Integrated Crop–Livestock Systems (ICLS). It also involves the impact of the presence of trees exerted on excreta distribution, as well as nutrient cycling. The objectives of this research included (i) mapping the distribution of cattle dung in two ICLS, i.e., with and without trees, CLT and CL, respectively, and (ii) quantification of dry matter decomposition and nutrient release (nitrogen—N, phosphorus—P, potassium—K, and sulphur—S) from cattle dung in both systems. The cattle dung excluded boxes were set out from July 2018 to October 2018 (pasture phase), and retrieved after 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 56 and 84 days (during the grazing period). The initial concentrations of N (~19 g kg−1), P (~9 g kg−1), K (~16 g kg−1), and S (~8 g kg−1) in the cattle dung showed no differences. The total N, P, K and S released from the cattle dung residues were less in the CLT system (2.2 kg ha−1 of N; 0.7 kg ha−1 of P; 2.2 kg ha−1 of K and 0.6 kg ha−1 of S), compared to the CL (4.2 kg ha−1 of N; 1.4 kg ha−1 of P; 3.6 kg ha−1 of K and 1.1 kg ha−1 of S). Lesser quantities of cattle dung were observed in the CLT (1810) compared to the CL (2652), caused by the lower stocking rate, on average, in this system (721 in the CL vs. 393 kg ha−1 in the CLT) because of the reduced amount of pasture in the CLT systems (−41%), probably due to light reduction (−42%). The density of the excreta was determined using the Thiessen polygon area. The CL system revealed a higher concentration of faeces at locations near the water points, gate and fences. The CLT affects the spatial distribution of the dung, causing uniformity. Therefore, these results strengthen the need to understand the nutrient release patterns from cattle dung to progress fertilisation management.

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The effectiveness of weed regulation methods in spring wheat cultivated in integrated, conventional and organic crop production systems

Journal of Plant Protection Research ◽

10.2478/v10045-012-0078-4 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 486-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Beata Feledyn-Szewczyk

Keyword(s):

Spring Wheat ◽

Crop Production ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Production Systems ◽

Integrated System ◽

Integrated Systems ◽

Conventional System ◽

Weed Species ◽

Organic System ◽

Weed Communities

Abstract The research was conducted from 2008 to 2010, and compared the influence of different weed control methods used in spring wheat on the structure of the weed communities and the crop yield. The study was carried out at the Experimental Station of the Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation - State Research Institute in Osiny as part of a long-term trial where these crop production systems had been compared since 1994. In the conventional and integrated systems, spring wheat was grown in a pure stand, whereas in the organic system, the wheat was grown with undersown clover and grasses. In the conventional system, herbicides were applied two times in a growing season, but in the integrated system - only once. The effectiveness of weed management was lower in the organic system than in other systems, but the dry matter of weeds did not exceed 60 g/m2. In the integrated system, the average dry matter of weeds in spring wheat was 4 times lower, and in the conventional system 10 times lower than in the organic system. Weed diversity was the largest in spring wheat cultivated in the organic system. In the conventional and integrated systems, compensation of some weed species was observed (Viola arvensis, Fallopia convolvulus, Equisetum arvense). The comparison of weed communities using Sorenson’s indices revealed more of a similarity between systems in terms of number of weed species than in the number of individuals. Such results imply that qualitative changes are slower than quantitative ones. The yield of grain was the biggest in the integrated system (5.5 t/ha of average). It was 35% higher than in the organic system, and 20% higher than in conventional ones.

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Protection, economic war and structural change: the 1930s in Ireland

Irish Historical Studies ◽

10.1017/s0021121400010531 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 27 (107) ◽

pp. 250-266 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J. Peter Neary ◽

Cormac Ó Gráda

Keyword(s):

Economic Activity ◽

Trade Agreements ◽

Industrial Sector ◽

Home Market ◽

Self Sufficiency ◽

Political Controversy ◽

Cumann Na Ngaedheal ◽

Political Turmoil ◽

The Impact ◽

Economic Outlook

If I were an Irishman, I should find much to attract me in the economic outlook of your present government towards greater self-sufficiency. (J.M. Keynes)The 1930s were years of political turmoil and economic crisis and change in Ireland. Economic activity had peaked in 1929, and the last years of the Cumann na nGaedheal government (in power since the establishment of the Irish Free State in 1922) saw substantial drops in output, trade and employment. The policies pursued after Fianna Fáil’s victory in the election of February 1932 were therefore influenced both by immediate economic pressures and by the party’s ideological commitments. The highly protectionist measures associated with de Valera and Lemass — key men of the new régime — sought both to create jobs quickly and to build more gradually a large indigenous industrial sector, producing primarily for the home market.Political controversy complicated matters. De Valera was regarded as a headstrong fanatic by the British establishment. His government’s refusal to hand over to Britain the so-called ‘land annuities’ — a disputed item in the Anglo-Irish settlement of 1921 — led to an ‘economic war’, in which the British Treasury sought payment instead through penal ‘emergency’ tariffs on Irish imports. The Irish imposed their own duties, bounties and licensing restrictions in turn. The economic war hurt Irish agriculture badly; the prices of fat and store cattle dropped by almost half between 1932 and mid-1935. Farmers got some relief through export bounties and the coal-cattle pacts (quota exchanges of Irish cattle for British coal) of 1935-7, but Anglo-Irish relations were not normalised again until the finance and trade agreements of the spring of 1938, and the resolution of the annuities dispute did not mean an end to protection. The questions ‘Who won the economic war?’ and ‘What was the impact of protection on the Irish economy?’ are analytically distinct, but they are not that easy to keep apart in practice.

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