scholarly journals Combining Linguistic Methods of Studying Egocentric Units in Russian Translated Narratives

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 879-888
Author(s):  
A. V. Urzha

The present research featured a functional comparative analysis of egocentric language units in contemporary Russian translated narratives, namely six Russian translations of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. The study was based on parallel corpora within the Russian National Corpus and a set of digitized translations. The research objective was to present the classification of egocentric units applicable to the analysis of translations, as well as to describe the ways of combining various linguistic methods of studying egocentrics in translated narratives. Egocentric units were studied within several semantic clusters: actualizing (deictic), evaluative, epistemic, modal, and interactive. Using the heuristic method, the authors found and counted the contexts containing egocentric units of a certain type within the parallel corpora. The inductive method made it possible to reveal the trends based on the data obtained. The hypotheses were verified using the deductive method. The research was based on wide narrative contexts and took into the account the writing style, the genre and composition of the text, the use of egocentrics in the target language, and the individual translation strategies. The paper focuses on the lexical markers of uncertainty added by the Russian translators of Mark Twain. They are often used as additional markers of focalization in Russian translations. On the one hand, this phenomenon deals with specific ways of foregrounding subjectivity in the Russian language; on the other hand, it reveals the strategies of building-up suspense applied by individual translators.

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Sadaf Khosroshahi ◽  
Ahmad Sedighi

Translation of mystic terms or metaphors is a very important portion of rendering a text from a source language to a target language, because some of mystic terms do not exist in the target language and this point makes the translation harder. This paper aimed at identifying the translation strategies and procedures used by Darbandi and Davis (1984) in The Conference of the Birds of Attar Neishabouri. To achieve the objectives, Attar’s Persian original work (Shafiei Kadkani, 2010) was read carefully to extract mystical terms.  Then, the translated text by Darbandi, and Davis (1984) was carefully read and the corresponding English translations of Persian mystical term were found.  The original mystical terms and their Persian translation were analyzed based on Van Doorslaer’s (2007) map to find out translation strategies and procedures used by the translators on the one hand and indicate the dominant strategy and procedure in the whole work of translation on the other. The result showed that literal translation strategy (72.41%) was the most frequently used strategy and direct transfer procedure (68.96%) was the most frequently used procedure.  This paper may have some implications in literary translation and help translation instructors and translation trainees as well in translation classes.


2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
A. G. Voronova

The fixed meaning and the variability of symbolic language codes changing principle is inapplicable when translating certain football terms to denote footballers’ roles to play on the field. These social media football terms are not yet enshrined in English dictionaries; what is more, these terms tend to change their original meaning when translated from English into Portuguese and Russian. The reluctance of the target languages to accept the given football terms leads to the use of Russian and Portuguese local traditional football terminology instead. Therefore, as distinct from the original, this terminology lacks semantic precision, leading to distortion and further confusion. With regard to structure and meaning, the Russian language has two translation patterns to render the meaning of the given football terms. These are neutral word collocations which narrow down the given English terms and professional football jargon which can be compared to the meaning of the term as enshrined in the English-English dictionary entry. Conversely, the Portuguese language has only one pattern to translate the given terms, i.e. neutral football terms that also distort the original meaning of the terms in English. Surprisingly, this distortion is different from the one in the Russian translations of them. The disparity in meaning caused by artificially adapted terms denoting footballers’ roles to play on the field in the way they exist in the target languages of translation is apparent when translating the terms from one target language to the other. The pattern leads to distortion in translation and consequent communication failure. Such a shortcoming can be avoided if all the four dimensions of such football terms are taken into consideration. The latter include player location, function, role to play on the field and personality. The research findings may have practical application for students of Russian and Portuguese as well as interpreters and translators.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Yu. Naumov

Introduction. The task of forming of the personality of an officer who possesses not only the sum of knowledge, skills and abilities, but a developed system of values, and, ultimately, intelligence is relevant for modern higher and military schools. To solve this problem, it is necessary not only to properly organize and direct teaching and educational activities, but also to establish the psychological structure of the intelligence of the future officer, as well as the peculiarities of its functioning. The author tackles the issues of researching the concept and structure, as well as identifying the features of the mental functioning of intelligence, based on the use of systemic and interdisciplinary analysis, by studying the array of literature from various areas of social and humanitarian knowledge, while revealing the psychological laws of the real life of intelligence.The study presents the main scientific results of the theoretical and systemic analysis of the psychological structure of the officer's intelligence, in which the formal, meaningful as well as functional and activity aspects are revealed.Materials and Methods. As the main research methodology, the authors use axiological, historiographic, systematic, cultural-historical and activity approaches adapted for solving problems. The main research methods were: hypothetical-deductive method; analysis, synthesis, comparison, analogy and abstraction; systematic analysis and modeling.Results. The main scientific results of the research are the systematic conclusions about the psychological structure of intelligence, generalized by the author, revealed on the one hand, on the basis of the analysis of literary sources, and on the other hand, through the study of its real functioning and being in the mental activity of the individual.Discussion and Conclusions. The mind of a military intellectual is the functioning of complex mental formations in the structure of the personality, which makes it possible to correlate events and facts of activity with the general life-meaning problems of his subjective being; he is characterized by a developed intellect and the constancy of the application of critical thinking.


2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-428
Author(s):  
Danka Joveva

This paper will deal with the role of the moral character of the teacher in the training educational process. The process of formation of the individual as a moral person is of a great importance for the society and every member of the community as well. It is one of the primary and basic social tasks. The values of the moral character of each individual is extremely important in today’s global society. Their importance is of the building of the human consciousness and ability of evaluation of the sense and the value of life. Furthermore, the teacher should serve the society and the individual as well, for to provide and make the development of the individual happen in accordance with his / her interests, abilities, possibilities and value orientations. The training depends on the professional and moral qualities of the teacher and it is largely based on the personal example of the one who directs and leads the young people, that is why the teacher is one of the important assumptions for successfully and valuable moral education. In this research the following methods were used: method of theoretical analysis and synthesis, descriptive method, inductive and deductive method.


2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (280) ◽  
pp. 772
Author(s):  
José Odelso Schneider

A Encíclica Caridade na verdade é complexa e articulada. O texto se desenvolve, por um lado, segundo o método dedutivo, típico das primeiras encíclicas sociais, ou seja, a partir de princípios, dos quais se derivam progressivamente as conclusões. Mas, por outro lado, segue o método indutivo – tão claramente usado por João XXIII na Mater et magistra, própria do ver, julgar e agir. A ênfase de Bento XVI no documento em análise é que “sem a verdade, a caridade resvala para o sentimentalismo. O amor torna-se uma concha vazia, a ser preenchida arbitrariamente e se transforma em uma cultura sem a verdade” (n. 3), reduzindo o amor a um âmbito privado e restrito. Consequentemente, se não existe a verdade em relação ao que é bom/mau para o homem, a busca e o esforço para edificar uma vida associada só pode transformar-se e continuar a ser um desencontro, para impor os próprios interesses individualistas. Pois, “sem verdade, sem confiança e amor em prol do verdadeiro, não há consciência e responsabilidade social e cai-se sob o poder dos interesses privados e da lógica do poder. Ocorrem então os efeitos desagregadores sobre a sociedade, e tanto mais, em uma sociedade desafiada a conviver com a pluralidade cultural e em momentos difíceis e complexos, como os atuais, em crescente processo de globalização” (n. 5). A Encíclica enfatiza a valorização das atividades e organizações caracterizadas pela cooperação, a economia solidária e as variadas atividades do terceiro setor. Não se endereça apenas aos católicos, mas a todos os cristãos e às pessoas de boa vontade, apelando às diversas religiões para que contribuam no esforço comum de criar processos de sinergia em prol de um mundo e de uma sociedade melhores.Abstract: The encyclical Charity in truth is complex and formulated in articles. On the one hand the text is developed according to a deductive method that was typical of the early social encyclicals, that is, it starts with principles from which the conclusions are gradually derived. But, on the other hand, it also follows the inductive method – so clearly used by Pope John XXIII in the Mater et magistra a characteristic of the seeing, judging and acting. What Bento XVI emphasizes on the document under analysis is that “without the truth, charity slides into sentimentality. Love becomes an empty shell to be arbitrarily filled and becomes a culture without the truth” (n. 3) reducing love to a private and restricted ambit. Consequently, if there is no truth with regard to what is good/bad for man, the search and the effort to build an associate life can only change but continues to be in discordance in order to impose its own individualist interests. For, “without truth, and without trust and love in favour of the truthful, there is no consciousness and social responsibility and we fall under the power of private interests and of the logic of power. Then its disaggregating effects fall onto society and more so if it is a society facing the challenge of coexisting with cultural plurality and going through difficult and complex moments, such as the present ones, in a growing process of globalization” (n. 5). The encyclical emphasizes the valorization of the activities and organizations characterized by cooperation, by a friendly economy and the various activities of the third sector. It is not only addressed to Catholics, but to all Christians and people of good will, calling on the various religions to contribute in a common effort to create processes of synergy in benefit of a better world and a better society.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanglong Liu ◽  
Muhammad Afzaal

Based on a corpus-driven analysis of two translated versions of Hongloumeng (one by David Hawkes and the other by Xianyi Yang and Gladys Yang) in parallel corpora, this article investigates the use of lexical bundles in an attempt to trace the stylistic features and differences in the translations produced by the respective translators. The Hongloumeng corpus is developed at the sentence level to facilitate co-occurrence of the source texts and the two corresponding translations. For this purpose, the three-word and four-word lexical bundles were first extracted and then analyzed with respect to the functional classification proposed by Biber et al. (2004). The results of the study show that Hawkes' translation is embedded with a greater number and variety of lexical bundles than the one by the Yang couple. The study also identified the differences between the two versions which can be traced back to the deployment of different translation strategies of the translators, appearing in turn to be influenced by the language backgrounds of the translators, the translation skopos and settings, and the social, political, and ideological milieu in which the translations were produced.


1985 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Cora Polet

In the course of history there have been different schools of thought about how texts should be translated, and the effect translations have on the target language literature, either directly or indirectly. Garmt Stuiveling, formerly professor of Dutch Studies at the University of Amsterdam, and for many years chairman of the Dutch Writers' Union, produced the following dictum: in a translation sixty-five per cent of what the author has tried to express, reaches the reader. In translators' circles a variety of views can be heard. This one for instance: the profession of a translator is more demanding than that of a writer. A writer uses his own style, but a translator must master a number of styles, since he translates different authors. Or this one: the achievement of a translator is equal to that of a writer; the source language version and the target language version provide texts of equal literary value. A more modest view, and the one held by the writer of the present article, could be phrased as follows: literary translation is a craft, a creative craft to be sure, but still a craft. And playing with words and stylistic features is part of that craft. A literary translator is to be compared to a performing artist, rather than his creative counterpart. It is noted that there has never been any research into the norms of present day translators. This means that judging translations, whether for purposes of reviews, a jury's decision or the awarding of grants, is often a matter of inspired guesswork. If such research were ever carried out, it should also discover whether translators actually use in their own work the translation strategies they profess to be using. Finally a selection of translating errors culled from literary works is proof that translators are not always good readers, to judge by the non-sense they sometimes manage to produce.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Milaningrum

The objectives of this research are to know whether there is any significant difference in students’ writing achievement in Balikpapan State Polytechnic between the students who taught using inductive method and those taught using deductive method and to know which group has higher achievement, the group taught using inductive method or the one taught using deductive method. The research methodology used experimental method. The population of this research is the third semester students of mechanical engineering in Balikpapan State Polytechnic. The sampling technique used cluster random sampling and in collecting the data used a test. In analyzing the data used t-test formula. The result of the research shows that there is a significant difference in the achievement of students’ writing skill between the students taught using inductive method and those taught using deductive method. The mean of the experimental group taught using inductive method is 83 while the mean of the control group taught using deductive method is 70. It shows that the mean score of experimental group is higher than the control group. Therefore, it can be concluded that the students taught using inductive method have higher achievement than those taught using deductive. Key word: comparative, deductive method , inductive method, teaching writing 


Author(s):  
Andri Setyorini ◽  
Niken Setyaningrum

Background: Elderly is the final stage of the human life cycle, that is part of the inevitable life process and will be experienced by every individual. At this stage the individual undergoes many changes both physically and mentally, especially setbacks in various functions and abilities he once had. Preliminary study in Social House Tresna Wreda Yogyakarta Budhi Luhur Units there are 16 elderly who experience physical immobilization. In the social house has done various activities for the elderly are still active, but the elderly who experienced muscle weakness is not able to follow the exercise, so it needs to do ROM (Range Of Motion) exercise.   Objective: The general purpose of this research is to know the effect of Range Of Motion (ROM) Active Assitif training to increase the range of motion of joints in elderly who experience physical immobility at Social House of Tresna Werdha Yogyakarta unit Budhi Luhur.   Methode: This study was included in the type of pre-experiment, using the One Group Pretest Posttest design in which the range of motion of the joints before (pretest) and posttest (ROM) was performed  ROM. Subjects in this study were all elderly with impaired physical mobility in Social House Tresna Wreda Yogyakarta Unit Budhi Luhur a number of 14 elderly people. Data analysis in this research use paired sample t-test statistic  Result: The result of this research shows that there is influence of ROM (Range of Motion) Active training to increase of range of motion of joints in elderly who experience physical immobility at Social House Tresna Wredha Yogyakarta Unit Budhi Luhur.  Conclusion: There is influence of ROM (Range of Motion) Active training to increase of range of motion of joints in elderly who experience physical immobility at Social House Tresna Wredha Yogyakarta Unit Budhi Luhur.


2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsófia Demjén

This paper demonstrates how a range of linguistic methods can be harnessed in pursuit of a deeper understanding of the ‘lived experience’ of psychological disorders. It argues that such methods should be applied more in medical contexts, especially in medical humanities. Key extracts from The Unabridged Journals of Sylvia Plath are examined, as a case study of the experience of depression. Combinations of qualitative and quantitative linguistic methods, and inter- and intra-textual comparisons are used to consider distinctive patterns in the use of metaphor, personal pronouns and (the semantics of) verbs, as well as other relevant aspects of language. Qualitative techniques provide in-depth insights, while quantitative corpus methods make the analyses more robust and ensure the breadth necessary to gain insights into the individual experience. Depression emerges as a highly complex and sometimes potentially contradictory experience for Plath, involving both a sense of apathy and inner turmoil. It involves a sense of a split self, trapped in a state that one cannot overcome, and intense self-focus, a turning in on oneself and a view of the world that is both more negative and more polarized than the norm. It is argued that a linguistic approach is useful beyond this specific case.


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