scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL STATUS, ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY OF DATURA METEL L.

Author(s):  
Jithu U. Krishnan ◽  
Meera George ◽  
Ajesh G.

Objective: Medicinal plants are a source of great economic value all over the world and are on the front dusk of traditional medicine. Daturametel L, is one among the foresaid and this plant can be explored further as per its diversity of uses and on the basis of wide range of chemical compounds reported to be present in various parts of the plant. In the present investigation, Phyto-chemistry of D. metel has been analysed along with its antibacterial property.Methods: The selected plant leaves were collected and powdered. The bioactive compounds were extracted by using different solvents. Various phytochemical tests for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, terpenoids, tannins, glycosides and amino acids were done accordingly with standard protocol of testing. The study also extends to view the anti-bacterial potential by determining inhibition of growth using agar well diffusion method.Results: Phytochemical analysis reflected the presence of compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, and amino acids. It was noted that steroids and tannins are absent. Antimicrobial activity proves extract of ethanolis the most promising against the pathogens from the rest screened.Conclusion: Thearticle addresses, the undocumented knowledge regarding the phytochemical profile of D. metel which demand further exploration widely to serve Humanity. Antimicrobial potential of ethanol extract are very promising to deliver it as a pharmaceutical.

Author(s):  
Uyoyoghene O. Ududua ◽  
Michael O. Monanu ◽  
Lawrence C. Chuku

Aim: This study investigated the proximate and phytochemical composition of Brachystegia eurycoma leaves. Methods: Crude ethanol extract of B. eurycoma leaves was obtained by cold extraction method.  AOAC method was used for proximate analysis. Phytochemical profiling was done with qualitative phytochemical evaluation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analytical method. Matching and interpretation of the spectral was done with the National Institute standard and Technology (NIST05) library. Results: The proximate analysis result showed B. eurycoma leaves to be abundant in param­eters evaluated in the order of 31.47±0.43% Carbohydrate > 15.15±0.04% Ash > 14.45±0.15 crude fibre > 13.83±0.32 protein > 13.14±0.22 moisture > 1.97±0.01 fat. Qualitative phytochemical analysis detected alkaloid, saponin, tannin, diterpenes, phenol, quinine, flavonoid, protein, xanthoprotein and cardiac glycoside in the leaves of B. eurycoma. GC/MS data showed that the prevailing volatile bioactive compounds in ethanol leaf extract of B. eurycoma were 3-O-Methyl-d-glucose (13.23%), cis-9-Hexadecenal (10.40%), Desulphosinigrin (10.34%), Phytol (7.58%), Hydroquinone (7.23%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (6.61%), Oleoyl chloride (6.10%), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)- (5.89%), Hexadecanoic acid, (2.97%), Benzofuran, 2,3-dihydro-(1.94%), Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) (1.92%). Conclusion: The result of this preliminary investigation reveals the potentials of B. eurycoma leaves as candidate for food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and nutraceutical industries.


2019 ◽  
pp. 245-252

ESTUDIO PRELIMINAR DE LA ACTIVIDAD ANTIINFLAMATORIA DEL EXTRACTO ETANOLICO DE LOS TALLOS DE Ageratina sternbergiana (DC.) R.M. King & H.Rob ``Zun Zun´´ Narciso León S, Luis Felix V, Juana Chávez F, Paola Quispe F Docentes y alumna de la Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Wiener. Av. Arequipa 440 – Lima DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2011.0054/ Resumen La presente investigación se llevó a cabo con el objeto de determinar científicamente la propiedad antiinflamatoria atribuida popularmente a la planta Ageratina sternbergiana (DC.) R.M. King & H.Rob ``Zun Zun´´, utilizada para afecciones que implican procesos inflamatorios. Se evaluó la actividad antiinflamatoria mediante el Método del edema subplantar según Winter et. al. El método consiste en provocar una reacción inflamatoria en la pata posterior izquierda de los animales de experimentación, que puede ser reducida por las sustancias antiinflamatorias. Se utilizaron 18 ratones albinos (hembras y machos) cepa Balb C53 distribuidos en 6 grupos: control (sin tratamiento) ,3 grupos con extracto etanólico de tallos a dosis de 50 mg / Kg, 100 mg / Kg, 200 mg / Kg; 1 grupo con extracto etanólico de tallos hidrolizado a dosis de 160 mg/Kg y 1 grupo con indometacina en dosis de 10 mg/Kg. La aplicación de todos los tratamientos fue por vía oral. Los resultados farmacológicos indican que el tratamiento con extracto etanólico de los tallos de Ageratina sternbergiana (DC.) R.M. King & H.Rob “Zun Zun”, a dosis de 200 mg/Kg es el que tiene mayor efectividad antiinflamatoria. Se realizó el análisis fitoquímico de los tallos de la planta, la cual reveló la presencia de azúcares, flavonoides, alcaloides, esteroides, cumarinas, taninos y aminoácidos. Palabras claves: Ageratina sternbergiana, actividad antiinflamatoria, método del edema subplantar, análisis fitoquímico. Abstract This research was conducted for determine scientifically the anti-inflammatory property attributed popularly to the plant Ageratina sternbergiana (DC.) RM King & H. Rob ``Zun Zun´´, used for inflammation. The Antiinflammatory activity was evaluated by subplantar edema method according to Winter et . al. The method consist to cause inflammation in the left hind paw of the experimental animals, which can be reduced by the anti-inflammatory substances. We used 18 albino mice (male and female) strain Balb C53 in 6 groups: control (no treatment), 3 groups with ethanol extract of stems at doses of 50 mg / kg, 100 mg / kg, 200 mg / kg and 1 group hydrolyzed ethanol extract of stems at doses of 160 mg / kg and 1 group with indomethacin in doses of 10 mg / kg. The application of all treatments were oral. The pharmacological results indicate that treatment with ethanol extract of the stems of Ageratina sternbergiana (DC.) RM King & H. Rob ``Zun Zun´´, at doses of 200 mg / kg is the one most effective anti-inflammatory. Phytochemical analysis was performed of the stems of the plant, which revealed the presence of sugars, flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, coumarins, tannins and amino acids. Keywords: Ageratina sternbergiana, inflammatory activity, subplantar edema method, phytochemical analysis, flavonoids.


2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 605-617
Author(s):  
Evi Maya Sari ◽  
Mala Nurilmala ◽  
Asadatun Abdullah

Seahorse is one of the marine living  resources usually used as ornamental fish, traditional medicinal materials, and souvenirs. The purpose of the study was to determine the proximate composition of wet and dry seahorses, determine the profile of amino acid hydrolyzate and powder of seahorses, and determines to content of bioactive compounds from the ethanol extract of seahorses on qualitatively. The sample of this study is seahorses obtained from nature. Prviously, seahorses were morphometric identified, subsequently, seahorses were made of the powder, hydrolyzate, and ethanol extract. Several analyzes used were qualitative analysis of proximate, amino acid, and phytochemical analysis. Morphometric identification results indicate that the type is Hippocampus comes. The proximate composition is water content is 66.16 ± 0.33% (wet) and 10.33 ± 0.16% (dry), ash content of 9.55 ± 0.15% (wet) and 9.65 ± 0.16% (dry), lipid content 1.18 ± 0.23% (wet) and 4.89 ± 0.37% (dry), protein content of 22.73 ± 0.17% (wet) and 69.83 ± 0.31% (dry), carbohydrate 0.39 ± 0.23 (wet) and 5.50 ± 0.34 (dry). The amino acid composition both on hydrolyzate and powder comprising 9 essential amino acids are lysine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalaline, valine, methionine, histidine, arginine, and threonine and 6 non essential amino acids are tyrosine, alanine, glycine, serine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid. The results of identification of bioactive compounds is flavonoids, triterpenoids, steroids, saponins, and phenol of hydroquinone. Keywords: Hippocampus comes, proximate analysis, amino acid, and bioactive compounds


2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariya SATYBALDIYEVA ◽  
Valentina MURSALIYEVA ◽  
Izbassar RAKHIMBAYEV ◽  
Bolatkhan ZAYADAN ◽  
Ramazan MAMMADOV

Phytochemical analysis of C. alatavicus revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, anthocyanins, carotenoids, amino acids and carbohydrates. The flavonoid, amino acids and carotenoid contents were higher in aerial part (1.50%, 7.49% and 9.78mg%, respectively) than in bulb (0.43%, 3.88% and 0.91 mg%, respectively). Total phenolic content (TPC), total antioxidant (TAA), 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and antibacterial activities of water, methanol, ethanol and dichloromethane extracts from aerial part and bulb were tested. TPC ranged from 13.63 to 72.29 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g extract. The maximum TAA were observed in ethanol (61.34%) and methanol extracts (46.13%) from aerial part with a high TPC (72.29 and 62.37 mgGAE/g extract, respectively). Ethanol extracts from aerial part and bulb had good scavenger of DPPH radicals (65.5% and 54.08%, respectively) with an IC50 387 and 447 µg/ml. Ethanol extract from aerial part was most effective against gram-positive bacterial strains S. aureus, B. subtilis and B. cereus. Biological activities of the extracts were correlated with the TPC. It can be deduced that ethanol and methnol extracts of C. alatavicus contains useful potent bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial activities.


2021 ◽  
pp. 256-258
Author(s):  
Varsha D. Hutke ◽  
Vaishali Rathod

The genus Hardwickia of the family Caesalpiniaceae is represented by a single species Hardwickia binata Roxb. The present study deals with screening of secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity of different extracts of leaf and bark of Hardwickia binata. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of various secondary metabolites viz. alkaloids, saponins, phenolics compound, tannins, phenols and steroids. Both leaf and bark extracts scavenged free radicals signicantly. Whereas aqueous extract of bark and ethanol extract of leaf exhibited good antioxidant property


Author(s):  
Dibya Sundar Panda ◽  
Sai Krushna Padhy ◽  
Nabil K. Alruwaili ◽  
Mohammed Gamal ◽  
Ranjan Kumar Giri ◽  
...  

Objectives: Herbs are in use as medicine worldwide from the time immemorial. Many drugs derived from plant, animal or minerals are in use as medicine till date. This is a study on leaf extract of Putranjiva roxburghii Wall. (Euphorbiaceae) involving pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, activity against microbes and oxidation to substantiate its use. The leaf extracts were collected by successive soxhlation using solvents like petroleum ether, chloroform, benzene, acetone & ethanol. Chemicals present in the crude leaf extracts and isolated constituents were analyzed for both quality and quantity followed by TLC, UV–Visible Spectrophotometric analysis, HPTLC, Phytochemical tests and TLC examination confirmed to contain flavonoids in acetone, chloroform, aqueous and ethanol extract. The activity of Petroleum-ether, chloroform, acetone, alcoholic and aqueous extracts against the microbes was assessed by cup plate method. Okada & Okada method was followed to evaluate the DPPH free radical for aging property. The reducing, total antioxidant and peroxide radical for aging action of the extracts were assessed. The study confirmed significant antimicrobial and antioxidant property of the Putranjiva roxburghii Wall leaves may be for the presence of constituents like flavonoids, saponins, Phytosterols, favoring its traditional usage as medicine.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anindya Sundar Ray ◽  
Suman Kalyan Mandal ◽  
Chowdhury Habibur Rahaman

Solanum glaucophyllum Desf. (Solanaceae) is traditionally used for curing several health conditions in both human and domesticated animals. There is no data available regarding pharmacognostic standardization and pharmacological activity of this less known medicinal plant. Therefore, the aim of the present work is to prepare pharmacognostic fingerprints of crude drugs obtained from the leaf and stem parts of S. glaucophyllum. Apart from this detailed phytochemical analysis, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies have also been carried out. Pharmacognostic study revealed that the leaves are amphistomatic and stomata are strictly of anisocytic type. Values of stomatal index, palisade ratio, ash content of the investigated parts are found distinct and can be used as pharmacognostic standards for evaluation of crude drugs of this medicinal plant. Phytochemical studies of the leaf and stem parts indicated that phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids are present in quite impressible amount. Curcumin content in stem was found very high through HPLC analysis. In DPPH radical scavenging assay, the stem part showed significant antioxidant potential. Ethanol extract of stem produced maximum inhibition zone (11mm) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the concentration of 50 mg/ml among five test microorganisms. Some pharmacognostic features recorded in this study as diagnostic ones will help in proper identification of this ethnomedicinal plant in its fresh as well as dried form. On the other hand preliminary phytochemical, antioxidant and antimicrobial studies highlight the S. glaucophyllum as a promising candidate for bioprospecting.


2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 5110
Author(s):  
Sartaj Ahmad Allayie ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmed Parray* ◽  
Bilal Ahmad Bhat ◽  
S. Hemalatha

The use of traditional medicines holds a great promise as an easily available source as effective medicinal agents to cure a wide range of ailments among the people particularly in tropical developing countries like India. The present study investigates the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the major bioactive constituents of N. crenulata leaf extracts. The extractive values of aqueous, acetone and chloroform extracts were found to be 11.34, 4.24 and 6.06 respectively. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of these three solvent extracts confirm the presence of Alkaloids, Saponins, Flavonoids and Phenolic compounds in all the three extracts; however, these phytochemicals were more significant in aqueous extract. Quantitative analysis was carried out using TLC method by different solvent system. Amongst various solvent systems, Butanol: acetic acid: water (9: 0.9: 0.1 v/v/v) shows maximum resolution and number of spots produced at long UV (365 nm) and under iodine vapours. The TLC chromatograms constituted different coloured phytochemical compounds with different Rf values. It can be conveniently used to evaluate the quality of different area samples. This indicates that the leaves can be useful for treating different diseases because the therapeutic activity of a plant is due to the presence of particular class of compounds and thus can serve as potential sources of useful drugs in future.


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Shreya Udaya ◽  
Nishith Babu ◽  
Dechamma Pandyanda Nanjappa ◽  
Krithika Kalladka ◽  
Gunimala Chakraborty ◽  
...  

Abstract Objective This study was aimed at evaluating the toxicity and the antioxidant property of Cassia fistula stem bark extracts in zebrafish. Materials and Methods Crude aqueous and ethanol extracts of C. fistula stem bark were obtained following a standard solvent-based extraction method. The toxicity of these extracts on zebrafish embryonic development was determined and the LC50 values were calculated. Finally, the antioxidant property of C. fistula stem bark extracts was determined in arsenic-induced oxidative stress models of zebrafish. Results The aqueous extract of C. fistula stem bark showed a slightly larger LC50 value (213.6 ppm) compared with the ethanol extract (LC50 = 63.5 ppm), suggesting a lower toxicity of the aqueous extract. A significant reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signal was observed in arsenic-exposed embryos treated with the aqueous extract, but not the ethanol extract, indicating that the antioxidant activity is present only in the aqueous extract of C. fistula stem bark. Conclusion Identification of antioxidants from natural sources is desirable because of increasing safety concerns associated with synthetic antioxidants. This study demonstrated that aqueous extract from C. fistula stem bark possesses antioxidant properties, which can be further characterized for mechanism of action and potential applications.


Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 481
Author(s):  
Gemma G. Martínez-García ◽  
Raúl F. Pérez ◽  
Álvaro F. Fernández ◽  
Sylvere Durand ◽  
Guido Kroemer ◽  
...  

Autophagy is an essential protective mechanism that allows mammalian cells to cope with a variety of stressors and contributes to maintaining cellular and tissue homeostasis. Due to these crucial roles and also to the fact that autophagy malfunction has been described in a wide range of pathologies, an increasing number of in vivo studies involving animal models targeting autophagy genes have been developed. In mammals, total autophagy inactivation is lethal, and constitutive knockout models lacking effectors of this route are not viable, which has hindered so far the analysis of the consequences of a systemic autophagy decline. Here, we take advantage of atg4b−/− mice, an autophagy-deficient model with only partial disruption of the process, to assess the effects of systemic reduction of autophagy on the metabolome. We describe for the first time the metabolic footprint of systemic autophagy decline, showing that impaired autophagy results in highly tissue-dependent alterations that are more accentuated in the skeletal muscle and plasma. These changes, which include changes in the levels of amino-acids, lipids, or nucleosides, sometimes resemble those that are frequently described in conditions like aging, obesity, or cardiac damage. We also discuss different hypotheses on how impaired autophagy may affect the metabolism of several tissues in mammals.


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