scholarly journals Operation Research and Formation of the Harvesting Transport Complex of the Grain Harvesters of Foreign Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
G. A. Iovlev ◽  
A. G. Nesgovorov ◽  
I. I. Goldina
Keyword(s):  
Operation Research ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Vehicle Loading ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Technical And Economic Indicators ◽  
Transport Complex ◽  
Agricultural Organization

The authors showed that the main condition for assessing the harvesting transport complex is to reduce costs during harvesting and transportation of grain crops.(Research purpose) To assess the technical and economic indicators and operational properties of foreign grain harvesters and their impact on the productivity of the entire harvesting transport complex. Based on the statistical data obtained during the information collection, to calculate the indicators that aff ect the harvesting transport complex management.(Materials and methods) The authors used statistical materials on the combine harvesters operation, transport vehicles for transportation. They took studied combine harvesters and vehicles technical characteristics. They considered the elements of the theory of probability for the formation of the harvesting transport complex. The studies were carried out simultaneously in two structural divisions of an agricultural organization, located at a distance of 19-20 kilometers from each other. Economic and statistical, forecasting, economic and mathematical modeling, expert assessments and others methods were used.(Results and discussion) The authors received 89 values for the indicator "Time to fi ll the combine harvester bunker", 45 – according to the criterion "Waiting time for vehicle loading". They calculated the mathematical expectation of the fi rst indicator: in the fi rst harvesting team for the Tucano 450 – 22.68 minutes; Mega 370 – 20.74 minutes; for a Tucano 450 from the second harvesting team – 19.24 minutes.(Conclusions) The authors revealed the features of harvesting transport complexes formation, consisting of foreign combine harvesters and vehicles. They determined the productivity, quality indicators of the technological process of threshing grain crops and yield, at which the use of foreign combine harvesters became economically feasible.

scholarly journals Methods of identifying grain production cost when threshing grain crops in view of the need in combine harvesters and combine operators

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Chepurin ◽  
A. P. Tsegelnik
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Operating Speed ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Grain Crop ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Combine Harvesters

The paper presents substantiation of the rational use of combine harvesters’nominal throughput when threshing grain crops with the yield ranging from 0.8 to 5.0 t/ha and over. The main factors that determine nominal throughput of combine harvesters and their operational indicators are identified. The structure andcontents of thetechnological passport of combine harvesters are substantiated, and the algorithm of effective determination of their key operational indicators, based on the passport, are developed. These indicators depend on harvesting technology, grain crop yield, the share of non-grain part in the threshed grain bulk, the coverage of swath headers and direct-cut headers, and the operating speed of combine harvesters. The definition of the term “technological passport of the combine harvester” is given. Maximum and minimum allowable grain crop yield is established for the rational load of combine harvesters threshing at the standard operating speed of7.5 km/hrecommended by the Ministry of Agriculture of theRussian Federation. The existing methods make it possible to determine the operational efficiency of high-performance machinery by operational costs. However, they do not take into account the shortage of human resources when determining production cost of the threshed grain. As a result of the research conducted, the algorithm and techniques of determination of actual grain cost when harvesting grain crops by direct combining and swath harvesting methods are developed taking into account the need in combines of an i-class and combine operators. Production cost of grain threshed on the area of1000 hectarescalculated by the techniques developed, allows to define the minimum estimated and actual grain cost for an i-class combine harvester by direct combining and swath harvesting methods.

scholarly journals Determination of Kinematic Parameters of the Ear when extracting grains from it by wiping, when the deck is stationary

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
В.А. Николаев ◽  
В.В. Гумённый ◽  
В.В. Капралов ◽  
В.А. Генералов
Keyword(s):  
Angular Rate ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Angular Speed ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Kinematic Parameters ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Working Volume ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters

При работе зерноуборочных комбайнов около половины мощности двигателя расходуют на извлечение зерна из колосьев зерновых культур. Большие затраты энергии на извлечение зерна из колосьев обусловлены необходимостью протаскивания соломы через молотильное устройство, малым рабочим объёмом между барабаном или ротором и декой, а также извлечением зерна из колосьев зерновых культур преимущественно ударом. При ударе происходит также травмирование зерна. Поэтому задача состояла в разработке зерноуборочного комбайна, извлекающего зёрна из колосьев зерновых культур вытиранием. Для создания теории извлечения зёрен вытиранием необходимо смоделировать процесс. В качестве образца для моделирования принята верхняя часть тритикале «Торнадо» с колосом. Для моделирования принято допущение, что колос упал на деку, после чего был зажат между рабочей ветвью транспортёра и декой строго перпендикулярно направлению движения ветви транспортёра. Лента транспортёра движется равномерно, а дека неподвижна. Рассчитано количество оборотов верхней части растения на деке, скорость верхней части растения в момент попадания в промежуток между лентой верхнего транспортёра и декой, угловая скорость верхних частей растений после ускорения и другие кинематические параметры. В результате определена необходимая угловая скорость вала привода верхнего транспортёра. During the operation of combine harvesters, about half of the engine power is spent on extracting grain from ears of grain crops. The high energy consumption for extracting grain from the ears is due to the need to drag straw through the threshing device, the small working volume between the drum or rotor and the deck, as well as the extraction of grain from the ears of grain crops mainly by shock. The grain is also injured upon impact. Therefore, the task was to develop a combine harvester that extracts grains from the ears of grain crops by wiping. To create the theory of extraction of grains by wiping, you need to simulate the process. As a sample for modeling, the upper part of the Tornado triticale with an ear was adopted. For modeling, it is assumed that the ear fell on the deck, after which it was clamped between the working branch of the conveyor and the deck strictly perpendicular to the direction of movement of the conveyor branch. The conveyor belt moves uniformly, and the deck is stationary. The number of revolutions of the upper part of the plant on the deck, the speed of the upper part of the plant at the time of getting into the gap between the belt of the upper conveyor and the deck, the angular speed of the upper parts of the plants after acceleration and other kinematic parameters are calculated. As a result, the required angular rate of the drive of the upper conveyor was determined.

COGNITIVE MODELING AS A METHOD TO CONTROL MIGRATION TEMPERATURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-87
Author(s):  
Oleg Patlasov ◽  
Oleg Luchko ◽  
Svetlana Mukhametdinova
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Control ◽  
Cognitive Modeling ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Approaches To Studying ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The Social ◽  
Expert Assessments

The research describes one of the approaches to designing a productive mechanism for migration temperature control considering it as an integral qualitative and quantitative indicator of the social and economic problems level associated with migration processes. The analysis of various approaches to studying migration processes impact on socioeconomic situation in recipient countries has been carried out. Some cognitive models have been developed basing on the questionnaire results’ analysis, expert assessments, statistical data. A series of simulation experiments have been carried out using software specially developed to automate the cognitive modeling processes.In the course of our experiments, some changes in the target factor. i.e., in migration temperature, have been detected as a result from different intensity impulses impacting on individual controlling factors. Within the developed models framework, several proposals have been put forward concerning the productive mechanism for migration temperature control.

Effect of Vibration on Rapeseed Header Loss and Optimization of Header Frame

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1247-1258
Author(s):  
Yang Li ◽  
Lizhang Xu ◽  
Zhipeng Gao ◽  
En Lu ◽  
Yaoming Li
Keyword(s):  
Modal Analysis ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Vibration Measurement ◽  
List Type ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

HighlightsThe relationship of vibration and header loss was studied by multi-point vibration measurement and loss collection test.There was an approximately linear positive correlation between total header vibration and total rapeseed header loss.The header frame was analyzed and optimized through modal simulation and testing.The total rapeseed header loss of the improved header was reduced by 33.2% to 46.9%.Abstract. In view of the current large rapeseed header losses of rape combine harvesters, the effects of the header on rapeseed header loss were studied from the perspective of vibration. First, the vibrations at various measuring points on the header during rape harvest were studied using a data acquisition and analysis system while performing collection tests of rapeseed header loss with the sample slot method. The relationships between total header vibration and total rapeseed header loss and between vertical cutter vibration and rapeseed vertical cutter loss were shown to have a positive correlation, and they all increased with the increase in engine speed. Vertical cutter loss accounted for 31.2% to 42.4% of the total rapeseed header loss. Modal analysis and optimization of the header frame were then performed by simulation and test. The natural frequencies of the first-order and second-order modes of the optimized header were increased, and the possibility of resonance with other working parts was eliminated. Finally, the improved header was tested during rape harvest. The results showed that the total vibration of the improved header was reduced by 19.9% to 43.9%, and the total rapeseed header loss was reduced by 33.2% to 46.9%. The vertical cutter vibration was reduced by 30.5% to 49.8%, and the rapeseed vertical cutter loss was reduced by 20.8% to 34.7%. In addition, the vibration and rapeseed loss of the improved header had relatively slow rates of increase with the increase in engine speed. The method of reducing rapeseed loss by reducing the header vibration achieved an obvious and positive effect. Keywords: Frame optimization, Modal analysis, Rape combine harvester, Rapeseed header loss, Vibration.

scholarly journals Braking Efficiency and Stability of Chassis Braking System of Combine Harvester: The Theoretical Derivation and Virtual Prototype Simulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peilong Li ◽  
Hongmei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Prototype ◽  
Rear Wheel ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Theoretical Derivation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Directional Stability ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters

With the advancement of agricultural mechanization, the safety of agricultural vehicles has aroused extensive concern. However, conventional methods evaluate the performance of the combine harvesters in a laborious and inaccurate filed-test way. It is still a challenge to evaluate their performance in a theoretical derivation-based simulation way. Here, we accurately derive the braking model of the combine harvester, which provides a guidance for further braking simulation. Firstly, a four-wheel braking system was designed and theoretically checked. Secondly, the virtual prototype of the chassis braking system was established in ADAMS, in consideration of the complicated contact characteristics between the tire and the road and between the friction pad and the brake disk. Finally, simulation experiments of braking efficiency and directional stability were carried out under different braking conditions. By this means, we find a novel effective yet simple way to optimize the braking efficiency as well as the sufficient braking stability of combine harvesters. The results show that braking efficiency would be improved with stronger braking force, lower initial braking velocity, and lighter weight of the combine harvester. Compared with straight-line braking, steering braking shows lower braking efficiency and less inclination of rear wheel bounce under the same braking conditions. As for braking directional stability, the lateral slippage would be increased with the locking of rear wheels, higher driving speed, or lower road adhesion coefficient. In addition, the simulation results are in agreement with the theoretical results, proving the validity of the virtual prototype simulation. Overall, other than traditional filed-test methods, our method provides an effective yet simple way for designing and evaluating the chassis braking system of combine harvesters.

On the Localization of Combine Harvester

2014 ◽  
Vol 1049-1050 ◽  
pp. 1107-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Yang Zhao ◽  
Xiao Qiang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Development Status ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Combine Harvesters

Summary of the development status of combines in domestic and abroad, combined with China's actual conditions, analysis of the problems of combine harvesters, this paper presents the type of combined harvester which suitable for agricultural production in China, put forward rationalization proposals for combine domestic.

scholarly journals Assessment of the harvesting costs of different combine harvester fleets

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jüri Olt ◽  
Keio Küüt ◽  
Risto Ilves ◽  
Arne Küüt
Keyword(s):  
Cost Price ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Practical Information ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Harvesting Costs ◽  
Collection Methods

This study discusses practical collection methods of cereal harvesting costs in different agricultural holdings in order to effectively manage combine harvester fleets, make economically reasoned decisions on the exploitation of combine harvesters, reduce harvesting costs and consequently the cost price of cereals. For this purpose, the author used work results of combine harvesters monitored by three randomly selected agricultural holdings, collected practical information on harvesting, analysed this information and provided assessments on the effectiveness of their combine harvester fleet. Evidently, not all combine harvester fleets and combines operate with the same efficiency, as their harvesting costs are different.

A Study on Noise Test and Control of Combine Harvester

2014 ◽  
Vol 971-973 ◽  
pp. 324-328
Author(s):  
Yao Ming Li ◽  
Pan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Present Situation ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Sound Insulation ◽  
Noise Sources ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Noise Test ◽  
Insulation Plate ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Standard Limit ◽  
And Control

Faced at the present situation that the noise level of most combine harvesters was generally higher than the national standard limit in our country, experiments carried out to reduce the driver's ear noise, which chosen 4LZ-5.0E type tracked combine harvester as experimental prototype. The method of noise sources separation was used to test the whole machine on different working conditions. Based on the contribution analysis to obtain the contribution of main working parts for the driver's ear noise and identify the main noise sources. Through designing the reasonable structure of sound insulation for engine and installing the sound insulation plate on the left of driver, testing results showed that the noise of the driver's ear was reduced 3.1dB (A).

scholarly journals Theoretical background for the development of stationary process of grain mass threshing with a combine harvester

2020 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Alexander P. Lovchikov ◽  
Igor I. Ognev
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Stationary Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Modular Construction ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Grain Crops ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Random Ratio ◽  
Combine Harvester

The article considers the issue that further improvement of the grain combine design with the classical threshing-separating device is possible due to the development of its technological scheme based on the principle of modular construction and stationary process of threshing grain mass. To achieve this goal, the problems were solved, by which laws were revealed and a mathematical description of the technological process of the combine harvester was given, as well as patterns characterizing the effect of straw on the process of grain mass threshing were revealed. In the course of research and evaluation of the effectiveness of the combine harvester’s usage the basic laws characterizing the technological process of combine harvester with the classical threshing-separating device are established. The change of the working speed of the combine depends on the technological properties of grain crops. It is revealed that the coefficient of solomitol grain mass δс is possible to reduce during combining grain crops through the application of high-cut stems. It was found that with the increase in the height of the cut of the stems (wheat) from 0.10 to 0.20 m, the coefficient of straw content of the grain mass decreases from 0.726 to 0.578. The additional material of experimental studies to determine the coefficient of straw content of the grain mass δc depending on the diameter and length of the pinned part of the stem is presented. When harvesting grain crops by the method of combing, a grain-bearing mass is formed, which is characterized by a random ratio of the fractions of the straw of the stalk of the annular part. The chaotic structure of plant parts temosolomida mass poses new challenges to supply it in the threshing-machine combine harvester with a classic threshingseparating device.

scholarly journals Design and technological aspects of spiked cereal combine stripping

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 07001
Author(s):  
Gennady Maslov ◽  
Elena Yudina ◽  
Denis Ushakov ◽  
Gavriil Samurganov
Keyword(s):  
Technology Implementation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
System Research ◽  
High Increase ◽  
Grain Crushing ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Combine Harvester ◽  
Harvesting Process ◽  
Combine Harvesters ◽  
Unit Performance

The article proposes system research of the spiked cereals harvesting process by a combine stripping, when the stripping header and the grain heap clearing are performed by one harvesting unit based on a self-propelled all-wheel drive combine harvester with a modernized design and technological scheme, in contrast to their aggregation by conventional batch-produced harvesters, which do not provide the harvesting quality according to the agrotechnical requirements. The commonly used aggregation of high-performance stripper headers by series combine harvesters, does not give an effect from the technology of combine stripping due to such violations of agrotechnical requirements as grain crushing for up to 1,9 %, its direct losses off the combine for up to 1,5 %, high kernel micro-damage, etc. With the use of a system approach, the design and technological aspects of spiked cereal combine stripping have been proposed, the use of which will eliminate the disadvantages of the used combine stripping while maintaining the high achievements of this technology in increasing labor productivity by 1,4 ... 2,0 times and saving diesel fuel for up to 45 %. In the principles of improving the technology by combine stripping, proposed by the authors, the requirements for its subsystems are given, indicating the main parameters of the stripping header and the combine harvester that aggregates it for clearing an unwinnowed grain heap. The proposed approach will enable to accelerate the spiked cereal stripping technology implementation with a high increase in the harvesting unit performance by 1,4 ... 2,0 times and with a fuel economy for up to 45 %.

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