State and prospects of development of technical service in animal husbandry

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Kirsanov ◽  
Dmitriy Yu. Pavkin ◽  
Evgeniy A. Nikitin ◽  
Roman F. Filonov
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Technical Service ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Service Support ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Materials Used

Problems of technical service of machinery and equipment in animal husbandry are mostly related to the restructuring of the economic model of interaction between agricultural producers and organizations that supply and service of machinery and equipment. Currently, the entrance control of products and spare parts purchased abroad is not established, and the materials used to make parts in contact with milk (teat rubber, milk hoses, etc.) are not checked for compliance with the requirements of the Ministry of Health. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in justifying the structure of the engineering center for integrated solutions in the field of dairy farming based on the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM. (Materials and methods) The article presents the results of studying sources describing the past and present experience of organizing a system of technical service of machines and equipment for dairy farming in the Russian Federation and foreign countries that are leading in terms of milk production. Authors collected information from key equipment suppliers when visiting industry exhibitions (Euro Tier, AgroFarm, Golden Autumn, etc.). (Results and discussion) The article proposes the concept of creating an engineering center on the basis of the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM according to the developed structure. (Conclusions) The implementation of the proposed structure for creating an engineering center will eliminate the existing imbalance in the field of technical service of livestock enterprises, establish information, design, machine-technological and service support for the reconstruction and successful development of livestock enterprises in the industry.

scholarly journals Scientific support and advanced research in dairy farming in the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 02001
Author(s):  
Tatiana Marinchenko
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Support ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Livestock Products

Increasing the output of agricultural products and improving their quality is one of the most important tasks of ensuring the food security of the Russian Federation. The solution to this problem is impossible without the introduction of up-to-date technologies that ensure the competitiveness and output growth, which are the result of scientific research and development. The basis for increasing the efficiency of dairy farming and, as a consequence, increasing milk production is the genetic improvement of the breeding base. The organization of selection and breeding work based on the use of our own genetic resources is a strategic task of the industry, which allows increasing the output of livestock products, reducing the technological import dependence of animal husbandry and minimizing the risk of the introduction of infectious diseases into the country. At the same time, the breeding base of dairy cattle breeding is on average 13.8% of the total livestock in the Russian Federation. The breeding progress is ensured by agricultural organizations, in which less than half of the total head of cows is concentrated. They are also the main consumers of research and development results. The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of the industry and its scientific potential, as well as formulate proposals for improving scientific support to create conditions for solving the tasks set by the state.

ASSESSMENT OF THE ORGANIC ANIMAL HUSBANDRY CONDITION IN THE WORLD AND THE FORECAST FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT IN THE REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-560
Author(s):  
A.A. Chernyaev ◽  
◽  
D.V. Serdobintsev ◽  
E.V. Kudryashova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

The purpose of the study is to assess the current state of organic animal husbandry in the world and to give a forecast of its development in the region. In preparing the article, the following methods were used: statistical-economic, monographic, abstract-logical, calculation-constructive, and forecasting ones. The analysis of the world statistics showed a rapid increase in organic animal husbandry production in the world, and its distribution by industry largely depends on the traditional directions of agricultural production in countries and continents, in addition, the priority of the development of crop production over livestock production has been identified. In Russia, the same trend can be traced, therefore, recommendations for the development of organic animal husbandry in the region are developed and proposed, which are divided into three main areas: technological (changing the production technology), economic (changing the structure of costs and markets) and social (reorienting food preferences consumers), and clear recommendations are given for their implementation. In order for agricultural producers and investors to understand the feasibility and effectiveness of organizing or reprofiling livestock production under organic production in accordance with Federal Law dated 03.08.2018 No. 280-ФЗ “On Organic Production and Amending Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation”, the value of gross livestock production was forecasted with and without organic production in the Saratov region for the period until 2030.

Updating the methodology for providing incentive subsidies to depressed agricultural regions

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2210-2224
Author(s):  
V.M. Sharapova ◽  
T.N. Medvedeva ◽  
E.A. Farvazova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
State Support ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Depressed Regions ◽  
Agricultural Regions

Subject. The article considers a procedure for calculating and distributing State support to depressed agricultural regions in the framework of a new type of budget financing, i.e. compensating and stimulating subsidies. Objectives. The purpose is to evaluate the efficiency of the system of State regulation of agribusiness in a depressed region, determine the priority of modern methods of budgetary support from the State, improve the methodological approach to the distribution of State aid among subjects of the Russian Federation with low level of socio-economic development. Methods. The study draws on the abstract and logical method, methods of statistical analysis, grouping, comparison, and generalization. Results. We realized the objectives of the study, using the agricultural producers of the Kurgan Oblast case. The paper analyzes the condition of agricultural sector in the depressed region, assesses the State support system efficiency for the agricultural sector of the Trans-Ural region, considers government measures related to the regulation of the economy of backward regions. It presents an updated method of budget financing within an incentive subsidy by clarifying the calculations and introducing an additional indicator that reflects the level of remuneration of regional agricultural producers. Conclusions. The updated calculation methodology for incentive subsidies to depressed regions enables to build a certain economic rating of ten depressed regions of the Russian Federation, taking into account not only the volume of production and employment, but also the level of wages of agricultural workers.

Incentives of the State to promote the retrofitting of the agricultural sector: Regional considerations

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1101-1113
Author(s):  
M.Sh. Gutuev ◽  
B.Sh. Ibragimova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Agricultural Producers ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Abstract Logic ◽  
Land Cultivation ◽  
Equipment Acquisition ◽  
Acquisition Costs ◽  
The Republic

Subject. The article discusses the availability of technological equipment in the agriculture of the Republic of Dagestan. Objectives. We analyze the current situation and trends in the development of available technological equipment in the republican agriculture, identify the role and place of machine and tractor fleet in the retrofitting of the regional agriculture. Methods. The study is based on monographic, abstract logic, statistical, analytical methods. Results. Dagestan has got a critically few technological equipment, which affects the development of the regional agricultural sector. The availability of technological equipment is found to have dramatically reduced in animal husbandry for the recent 30 years. The availability of technological equipment and land cultivation strongly correlates, thus simplifying applicable agricultural technologies. Most agricultural producers of Dagestan were found to be unable to participate in the program for federal agricultural lease. Conclusions and Relevance. The deterioration of available technological equipment in agriculture is a key cause undermining the competitiveness of products and efficiency of the regional agriculture. We prove the importance of governmental actions incentivizing the influx of new technological equipment, including a set of measures reinforcing the availability of technological equipment. As long as most agricultural producers are microbusinesses that lack resources to participate in many machine renovation programs, funding should be increased substantially to subsidize a portion of equipment acquisition costs incurred by agricultural producers, and a portion of reimbursed costs as much as at least 50 percent of the value of agricultural machines acquired.

World experience in using the program-targeted planning methods for high-tech industry development

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 1723-1735
Author(s):  
A.Yu. Pronin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
High Tech Industry ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Development Objectives

Subject. The article investigates the program-targeted planning methodology, which is implemented in the Russian Federation and leading foreign countries, for high-tech industry development. Objectives. The aim is to identify the specifics of program-targeted planning for the development of high-tech industries, to shape programs and plans for innovative development in the Russian Federation and leading foreign countries. Methods. The study employs general scientific methods of systems analysis, including the statistical and logical analysis. Results. I reviewed methods of program-targeted planning, implemented by the world’s leading countries (the Russian Federation, United States of America, France, Great Britain, Netherlands, Norway, Japan, Canada), in the interests of the development of various high-tech sectors of the economy. The study established that the methodology of program-targeted management is an effective tool for resource allocation by various types of economic activities in accordance with national priorities. I developed proposals by priority areas for improving the methodology for program-targeted planning and management in the Russian Federation in modern economic conditions. Conclusions. The findings and presented proposals can be used to improve methods for program-targeted planning to develop high-tech sectors of the economy; to design various long-term programs and plans, reducing the risk of their implementation; to determine the ways and methods of sustainable socio-economic and innovative and technological development of the world's leading economies.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES CONTENT IN THE LEAVES AND FRUITS OF A ROWAN-TREE (SORBUS AUCUPARIA FRUCTUS) AND ASSESSMENT OF PROSPECTS IN MEDICINE AND PHARMACY

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Chernichkina A.D.
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Mountain Ash ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances

A large number of biologically active substances, organic acids, tannins, and pectin substances were detected during the study of fruits, leaves, and pulp of the fruits of mountain Ash. The content of these substances in leaves and pulp will significantly expand the arsenal of medicinal plant raw materials used. Given the wide distribution of mountain Ash in the territory of the Russian Federation, harvesting leaves from the same plants after harvesting the fruit and using pulp will make it possible to obtain new phytopreparations.

К ВОПРОСУ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ФИНАНСОВО-ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ В СФЕРЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ В РФ: ПРОБЛЕМНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ И ПУТИ ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ, СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ С ЗАРУБЕЖНЫМИ СТРАНАМИ

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Михаил Геннадьевич Чепрасов ◽  
Юлия Станиславовна Лисачева ◽  
Евгения Дмитриевна Стрельникова
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The Russian Federation

This article discusses the problematic aspects of the financial and legal regulation of innovation activity in the Russian Federation, as well as ways to solve them. A comparative analysis with foreign countries is presented. В данной статье рассмотрены проблемные аспекты финансово-правового регулирования инновационной деятельности в РФ, а также пути их решения. Представлен сравнительный анализ с зарубежными странами.

The influence of working conditions in the basic branches of animal husbandry on the nosological structure of occupational morbidity of workers

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-47
Author(s):  
G. Bezrukova ◽  
M. Shalashova ◽  
T. Novikova ◽  
V. Spirin
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Poultry Products ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Poultry Workers ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cattle Breeders ◽  
Sacral Radiculopathy

On the basis of updated data, the influence of working conditions on the nosological structure of professional morbidity of workers in the basic branches of animal husbandry of the Russian Federation is analyzed. In total, from 2011 to 2017, occupational diseases were detected in 823 livestock workers, who received 881 diagnoses, of which the share of cattle breeders, poultry breeders and pig breeders accounted for 95,0, 3,4 and 1,6 % of cases, respectively. Harmful labor factors that cause the formation of professional pathology in livestock breeders were: physical overload (64,6 %), industrial contact with cattle infected with Brucella abortus bovis (32,6 %) and the presence of dust in the work area containing toxic chemicals and aggressive biological mixes (2,3 %). A high etiopathogenetic relationship between the nosological form of the disease and working conditions in the profession was revealed. In livestock workers, occupational diseases were formed under the influence of physical overloads (64,6 %) and infection with the brucellosis pathogen (34,6 %); in pig farming, as a result of the severity of labor (84.5 %) and air pollution of the working area with dust, chemical toxicants and biologically active substances (7,7 %); in poultry farming, occupational health risk was associated with allergization of working with poultry products (50 %) and physical overloads (42,9 %). In the nosological spectrum of accumulated occupational diseases of livestock workers, the first rank places were occupied by residual brucellosis (32,6 %), radiculopathy of the cervical and lumbo-sacral levels (25,8 %), mono- and polyneuropathy (25,2 %), arthrosis and polyarthrosis (8,2 %), shoulder and shoulder periarthrosis (5,4 %). In poultry workers ¾ respiratory diseases: allergic bronchial asthma (39,3 %), allergic rhinopharyngitis (10,7 %) and cervical and lumbo-sacral radiculopathy (21,4 %). Pig workers were mainly diagnosed with cervical and lumbo-sacral radiculopathy (46,2 %), mono- and polyneuropathy (23,1 %), shoulder periarthrosis (15.4 %).

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПОДГОТОВКИ КАДРОВ ДЛЯ ПЕНИТЕНЦИАРНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ В США

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Unterov ◽  
Elizaveta Eremeeva
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Training System ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Foreign Experience ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Prison Systems ◽  
Correction System

Статья посвящена изучению зарубежного опыта подготовки кадров для пенитенциарных систем. Его анализ и рассмотрение возможности внедрения отдельных элементов направлены на совершенствование системы подготовки сотрудников для уголовно-исполнительной системы России, повышение их профессионального уровня, что в конечном счете будет способствовать достижению главной цели УИС - исправлению осужденных. Авторы особое внимание уделяют изучению специально-профессиональных и личностных качеств, необходимых сотрудникам пенитенциарных учреждений. В статье рассматриваются особенности подготовки сотрудников пенитенциарной системы в Соединенных Штатах Америки. Важнейшей задачей образовательных учреждений и центров по подготовке кадров для пенитенциарной системы США является обеспечение будущих сотрудников знаниями, необходимыми для выполнения профессиональных обязанностей в рамках предстоящей деятельности. Также авторы подчеркивают важность развития при подготовке будущих сотрудников не только профессиональных, но и личностных качеств.The article is devoted to the study of foreign experience in order to improve the training system for the Russian penal correction system. In particular, the training of prison officials in the United States of America is considered as one of the most developed States in the modern world. The improvement of the training process for the Russian penal correction system implies the development of international cooperation with the prison systems of foreign countries. The study of foreign experience of penitentiary education contributes to the improvement of the professional level of the staff of the Penal Correction Service and, ultimately, to the achievement of the main goal - correction of convicts. The authors pay particular attention to the study of specific professional and personal qualities required by potential prison staff. Since there have been significant positive changes in the formation of professional qualities of the future employee of the Russian penal correction system over the past decade, the main focus of the work is on the formation of personal (universal) qualities of the employee of the Federal Penal Correction Service of the Russian Federation, for which the positive experience of the United States is analyzed.

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