scholarly journals Environmental Factors that Influence the Geography of Yemen Leading to Dust and Sand Storms - A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Wadie Ahmed Mokbel Ghalib ◽  
Almoliki Mohammed Mansoor ◽  
Sajan Chimmikuttanda Ponnappa
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Sand Storm ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Levene Test

Abstract In Yemen, the dust storm is a common phenomenon severely affecting the economy and health. Yemen is located in a semi-desert desert area, where dust and sand storms occur all year round, however they are the most common at summer (from June until the end of September). Coastal areas (Hajjah, Hoddeidah, Taiz, Lahg, Aden, Abyan, Shabwah and Hadramout) and desert areas (Marib and Al Jowf) are affected by dust and sandstorms almost all year round. The western and central governorates of Yemen are mountainous regions, but influenced by dust too. Dust storms in Yemen have an impact on humans, animals, plants and all environmental ecosystems. In this article, we attempted to understand the possible relationship between environmental parameters such as wind temperature, and precipitation, which influence the development of dust and sand storms in and around Yemen. Statistical analysis such as descriptive statistics, T-test, ANOVA one-way test, Tukey test, Levene test, and Correlation test were performed. The statistical analysis confirms that there is a significant correlation between wind, temperature and precipitation at 0.01 and 0.05 levels. The results further depict that environmental factors play a vital role in the formation of dust and sand storm. The results obtained are encouraging and further research will be conducted based on technological evidence.

Impact of dust and sand storms on the aviation operation and assessment of conditions for their occurrence at aerodromes in European Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 78-95
Author(s):  
A.R. Ivanova ◽  
◽  
E.N. Skriptunova ◽  
N.I. Komasko ◽  
A.A. Zavialova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
European Russia ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Dust Transport ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sand Storm ◽  
The Impact

A review of literature on the impact of dust and sand storms on the air transport operation is presented. Observational data on dust storms at the aerodromes of European Russia for the period of 2001-2019 are analyzed. The seasonal variations in dust transport episodes at aerodromes and its relationship with visibility changes are discussed. The characteristics of dusty air masses and advection are given. It is concluded that the frequency of dust transfer episodes for the aerodromes under study has decreased over the past five years, except for Gumrak aerodrome (Volgograd). Keywords: dust storm, sand storm, aviation, visibility, seasonal variations, aerodrome оf European Russia

scholarly journals Predicting the Presence of Leptospires in Rodents from Environmental Indicators Opens Up Opportunities for Environmental Monitoring of Human Leptospirosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Leon Biscornet ◽  
Christophe Révillion ◽  
Sylvaine Jégo ◽  
Erwan Lagadec ◽  
Yann Gomard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Sampling Site ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Infection Prevalence

Leptospirosis, an environmental infectious disease of bacterial origin, is the infectious disease with the highest associated mortality in Seychelles. In small island territories, the occurrence of the disease is spatially heterogeneous and a better understanding of the environmental factors that contribute to the presence of the bacteria would help implement targeted control. The present study aimed at identifying the main environmental parameters correlated with animal reservoirs distribution and Leptospira infection in order to delineate habitats with highest prevalence. We used a previously published dataset produced from a large collection of rodents trapped during the dry and wet seasons in most habitats of Mahé, the main island of Seychelles. A land use/land cover analysis was realized in order to describe the various environments using SPOT-5 images by remote sensing (object-based image analysis). At each sampling site, landscape indices were calculated and combined with other geographical parameters together with rainfall records to be used in a multivariate statistical analysis. Several environmental factors were found to be associated with the carriage of leptospires in Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus, namely low elevations, fragmented landscapes, the proximity of urbanized areas, an increased distance from forests and, above all, increased precipitation in the three months preceding trapping. The analysis indicated that Leptospira renal carriage could be predicted using the species identification and a description of landscape fragmentation and rainfall, with infection prevalence being positively correlated with these two environmental variables. This model may help decision makers in implementing policies affecting urban landscapes and/or in balancing conservation efforts when designing pest control strategies that should also aim at reducing human contact with Leptospira-laden rats while limiting their impact on the autochthonous fauna.

scholarly journals Risk and Environmental Factors Associated with the Presence of Canine Parvovirus Type 2 in Diarrheic Dogs from Thessaly, Central Greece

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 590
Author(s):  
Maria Kantere ◽  
Labrini V. Athanasiou ◽  
Alexios Giannakopoulos ◽  
Vassilis Skampardonis ◽  
Marina Sofia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Working Dogs ◽  
Canine Parvovirus Type 2

Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) primarily infects dogs, which are the main host reservoir, causing severe gastrointestinal disease associated with immunosuppression. The present study was conducted in Thessaly, Greece and aimed to identify risk and environmental factors associated with CPV-2 infection in diarrheic dogs. Fecal samples were collected from 116 dogs presenting diarrhea and were tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of CPV-2 DNA. Supplementary data regarding clinical symptoms, individual features, management factors and medical history were also gathered for each animal during clinical evaluation. Sixty-eight diarrheic dogs were found to be positive for the virus DNA in their feces. Statistical analysis revealed that CPV-2 DNA was less likely to be detected in senior dogs, while working dogs, namely hounds and shepherds, had higher odds to be positive for the virus. Livestock density and land uses, specifically the categories of discontinuous urban fabric and of human population density, were identified as significant environmental parameters associated with CPV-2 infection by using Geographical Information System (GIS) together with the Ecological Niche Model (ENM). This is the first description of the environmental variables associated with the presence of CPV-2 DNA in dogs’ feces in Greece.

scholarly journals Relationships between Environmental Factors and Pathogenic Vibrios in the Northern Gulf of Mexico

2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (21) ◽  
pp. 7076-7084 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N. Johnson ◽  
A. R. Flowers ◽  
N. F. Noriea ◽  
A. M. Zimmerman ◽  
J. C. Bowers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Water Column ◽  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Pathogenicity Factor ◽  
Hemolysin Gene ◽  
Thermostable Direct Hemolysin ◽  
Pathogenic Vibrios ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

ABSTRACT Although autochthonous vibrio densities are known to be influenced by water temperature and salinity, little is understood about other environmental factors associated with their abundance and distribution. Densities of culturable Vibrio vulnificus containing vvh (V. vulnificus hemolysin gene) and V. parahaemolyticus containing tlh (thermolabile hemolysin gene, ubiquitous in V. parahaemolyticus), tdh (thermostable direct hemolysin gene, V. parahaemolyticus pathogenicity factor), and trh (tdh-related hemolysin gene, V. parahaemolyticus pathogenicity factor) were measured in coastal waters of Mississippi and Alabama. Over a 19-month sampling period, vibrio densities in water, oysters, and sediment varied significantly with sea surface temperature (SST). On average, tdh-to-tlh ratios were significantly higher than trh-to-tlh ratios in water and oysters but not in sediment. Although tlh densities were lower than vvh densities in water and in oysters, the opposite was true in sediment. Regression analysis indicated that SST had a significant association with vvh and tlh densities in water and oysters, while salinity was significantly related to vibrio densities in the water column. Chlorophyll a levels in the water were correlated significantly with vvh in sediment and oysters and with pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus (tdh and trh) in the water column. Furthermore, turbidity was a significant predictor of V. parahaemolyticus density in all sample types (water, oyster, and sediment), and its role in predicting the risk of V. parahaemolyticus illness may be more important than previously realized. This study identified (i) culturable vibrios in winter sediment samples, (ii) niche-based differences in the abundance of vibrios, and (iii) predictive signatures resulting from correlations between environmental parameters and vibrio densities.

scholarly journals The impact of environmental variables on the spread of COVID-19 in the Republic of Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Kwan Lim ◽  
Oh Joo Kweon ◽  
Hye Ryoun Kim ◽  
Tae-Hyoung Kim ◽  
Mi-Kyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Environmental Data ◽  
Republic Of Korea ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Ozone Level ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

AbstractCorona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been declared a global pandemic and is a major public health concern worldwide. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of environmental factors, such as climate and air pollutants, in the transmission of COVID-19 in the Republic of Korea. We collected epidemiological and environmental data from two regions of the Republic of Korea, namely Seoul metropolitan region (SMR) and Daegu-Gyeongbuk region (DGR) from February 2020 to July 2020. The data was then analyzed to identify correlations between each environmental factor with confirmed daily COVID-19 cases. Among the various environmental parameters, the duration of sunshine and ozone level were found to positively correlate with COVID-19 cases in both regions. However, the association of temperature variables with COVID-19 transmission revealed contradictory results when comparing the data from SMR and DGR. Moreover, statistical bias may have arisen due to an extensive epidemiological investigation and altered socio-behaviors that occurred in response to a COVID-19 outbreak. Nevertheless, our results suggest that various environmental factors may play a role in COVID-19 transmission.

scholarly journals Port Greening: Discrete Choice Analysis Investigation on Environmental Parameters Affecting Container Shipping Companies’ Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7010
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Franchi ◽  
Thierry Vanelslander
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Discrete Choice Analysis ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Ecological Performance ◽  
Port Operations ◽  
Choice Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Terrestrial Habitats ◽  
Green Port

For centuries, ports have functioned as an economic engine, facilitating maritime transport, offering prosperity and social development to the host communities. Ports are gateways for international trade playing a vital role in the world economy, but it is not excluded that port operations can also have adverse effects on the environment. Air and water emissions, marine sediments, noise, waste generation, loss and degradation of terrestrial habitats and changes to marine ecosystems are just some of the leading environmental challenges with port’s operations. Environmental management within port operations has been a rapidly growing trend, with many ports around the world adopting different types of approaches and initiatives to improve ecological performance. Despite that many ports around the world have implemented greening strategies for growth and sustainable development, there are still many other ports that work less than they should do on environmental aspects and on the generation of ‘green ports’. These latter have fallen behind in the development of the theme. Therefore, the work reported here aims at analyzing what the best way to act should be, even starting from the beginning for a port that is not very innovative, in order to pursue the practical and theoretical levels of ‘green port’.

scholarly journals Investigation of an Electrostatic Discharge Protective Biodegradable Packaging Foam in the Logistic Chain

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ákos Mojzes ◽  
Barnabás Tóth ◽  
Péter Csavajda
Keyword(s):  
Electrostatic Discharge ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Packaging System ◽  
Product Packaging ◽  
The One

Abstract Since the beginning of the 20th century, logistics has undergone a huge technological development, which has, however, resulted in many negative effects as well. The industry, particularly in the packaging industry has been a massive waste producer, although recently it has forced the use of new materials and it started to focus on environmentally friendly technologies. During the transportation of finished and semi-finished Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) sensitive products, the product packaging system has a vital role. These kind of packaging materials must be suitable to both logistic (protection against mechanical and environmental stresses) and special ESD protection requirements. During the transportation of printed-circuit electronic products, ESD defense is then of primary significance. However there is a huge disadvantage for the use of various shield bags. Namely, this kind of associated packaging is particularly pollutant, it causes a lot of inconvenience in the form of waste. In order to rule out these materials from the packaging system, new innovative solutions have to be found. The investigated TPS (thermoplastic starch biodegradable foam) is subjected to a validation, a long process to certify that this material unites properties of two types of packaging materials at the same time. On the one hand, this packaging foam has to meet the requirements product defense. On the other hand, the material must be anti-static under the logistic stress effects. In case it is found suitable, it can be an alternative of the conventional materials. In this article, we investigate the ESD characteristic of TPS foam. As this material sensitive for environmental parameters during transportation, we make the relevant Surface Resistance (Rs) tests on different temperature and humidity conditions. Based on result, the decision of the application can be done, as an ESD packaging material.

Floristic study and assessment of the environmental factors governing the distribution of riparian plants in the Zat sub-Basin: Tensift Watershed, Morocco

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 7900-7915
Author(s):  
Mostakim Lahcen ◽  
Fetnassi Nidal ◽  
Ghamizi Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Riparian Plants ◽  
Emergent Plants ◽  
Significant Difference

Measuring the phytodiversity and determining environmental factors affecting the abundance and distribution of riparian plants of Zat sub-basin in Morocco were carried out in this study. A hypothesis was tested whether there is any statistically significant difference in environmental parameters and plants communities among the Zat River and its tributaries. For this purpose, water quality parameters such as temperature, pH, salinity, electrical conductivity, Dissolved Oxygen, nitrate and phosphorus concentration, and riparian plants diversity were estimated at 17 stations along the Zat River and its tributaries during the periods (2018 and 2019). The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) and Pearson correlation were preformed to assess the relationship between environmental parameters, and the distribution and abundance of riparian plants inventoried. The presence of 113 species was recorded, distributed between 43 families and 97 genera, 9 of which were floating-leaved, 24 submerged, and 80 emergent plants. The rare and threatened species inventoried were represented by 7 taxa, whereas 6 species are reported as endemic. Raunkiaer classification showed a dominance of therophytes (38.39%) over the other groups. According to CCA, the abiotic parameters (DO, elevation, salinity and nitrate concentration) were statistically significant parameters governing the distribution and abundance of the riparian plants inventoried. The results obtained reveal the state of the riparian vegetation in the Zat subBasin, therefore we can consider them as a reliable component for the assessment of the ecological status of the aquatic environment.

Azim Azimzada’s attitude towards poetry of Mirza Alakbar Sabir

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (05) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Nəzrin Novruz qızı Məmmədova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Fine Art ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Creative People ◽  
Graphic Art ◽  
Book Illustrations ◽  
Almost All ◽  
As If

The heritage that Mirza Alakbar Sabir left for us has always been a source of inspiration for creative people throughout ages. People who are engaged in fine art have always highly appreciated this work too. It requires too much responsibility to address Mirza Alakbar Sabir’s poetry, one of the most famous literary figures in world literature. As if the artists who addressed this patriotic writer’s poetry, feel the poet and created unique works with an inspiration that they got from him. It is undeniable that Azim Azimzada played a vital role in publicity of Mirza Alakbar Sabir’s poetry. Azim Azimzada’s all illustrations are engraved in people’s memory. Average spectators can perceive artist’s illustrations too. By looking through illustrations, it is possible to guess almost all poems that they are dedicated to. Educating people who are indifferent to education and waking them up from this ignorance was Azim Azimzada’s main goal. Artist’s illustrations differentiate with its harsh ironic spirit which is the main peculiarity of Sabir’s poetry. We can definitely see the strong influence of Sabir’s poetry in Azim Azimzada’s works. This is the reason why Azim Azimzada is usually called as Sabir of fine art. Literary approach of artists towards Sabir’s poetry has still been ongoing so far. Addressing Sabir’s poetry by most artists is the sign of love, respect and curiosity to Sabir’s works and life. Key words: Mirza Alakbar Sabir, book illustrations, Azim Azimzade, “Hophopname”, Azerbaijani graphic art, master of caricature

scholarly journals The potential function of forehead gland secretions in conflict resolution of the male Great Himalayan leaf-nosed bats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunmian Zhang ◽  
Congnan Sun ◽  
Jeffrey R. Lucas ◽  
Hao Gu ◽  
Jiang Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Potential Function ◽  
Chemical Communication ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Individual Discrimination ◽  
Behavioral Evidence ◽  
Almost All

AbstractChemical communication is an important aspect of social behavior in almost all animals. Here, we used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to detect the chemical composition, and behavioral tests to evaluate the potential function of forehead gland secretions between adult male Great Himalayan leaf-nosed bats, Hipposideros armiger. Our results showed that the concentrations of compounds and their categories differed significantly among individuals, and behavioral studies indicated that males are capable of utilizing the secretions for individual discrimination. Moreover, paired males that were incapable of gland protrusion showed more physical contact and longer contest duration compared to pairs in which both males could protrude the gland. In trials where only one male could protrude the gland, males with gland protrusion were more likely to win in contests. These findings provide the first behavioral evidence that chemical communication plays a vital role in conflict resolution in non-human mammals.

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