Budaya Hukum sebagai Faktor Pendorong Terwujudnya Reformasi Birokrasi Daerah di Indonesia

The purpose of this research is to know the legal culture as the driving factor of the realization of regional bureaucracy reform in Indonesia. The method used is the method of normative juridical research with conceptual approaches, legislation, and case approach. Various cases of corruption and very bad service in investment activities have hindered and even damaged the image of the Indonesian nation even in today's highly dynamic world. The bureaucratic legal culture is considered the main factor causing such bad bureaucratic behavior. The legal culture of the royal heritage that is only devoted to highways is difficult to remove from bureaucratic behavior. Cultural heritage, was fertile in the new order era, even in the current reform era. Through the optimization of local culture combined with the autonomy and decentralization policy implemented with the principle of autonomy as widely as possible, it can be attempted to overcome the negative culture of bureaucratic culture into a bureaucracy that eventually can be realized good governance. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui budaya hukum sebagai faktor pendorong terwujudnya reformasi birokrasi daerah di Indonesia. Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan-pendekatan konseptual, perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Berbagai kasus korupsi dan pelayanan yang sangat buruk dalam kegiatan investasi telah menghambat dan bahkan merusak citra bangsa Indonesia bahkan di tingkat dunia yang sangat dinamis saat ini. Budaya hukum birokrasi dianggap sebagai faktor utama yang menyebabkan perilaku birokrasi yang buruk tersebut. Budaya hukum warisan kerajaan yang hanya mengabdi kepada raya ternyata sulit untuk dihilangkan dari perilaku birokrasi. Kultur warisan, ternyata subur di zaman orde baru, bahkan di zaman reformasi saat ini. Melalui optimalisasi kultur lokal yang dipadukan dengan kebijakan otonomi dan desentralisasi yang dilaksanakan dengan prinsip otonomi seluas-luasnya, kiranya dapat diupayakan dapat mengatasi budaya negatif kultur birokrasi menjadi birokrasi yang pada akhirnya dapat diwujudkan tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik.

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Comparing The Principalship of Madrasah and Sekolah in The Decentralization Era

International Conference of Moslem Society ◽

10.24090/icms.2016.1823 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 24-35

Author(s):

Saefudin A Safi'i

Keyword(s):

Public Sector ◽

School Leadership ◽

Policy Development ◽

Central Government ◽

Good Governance ◽

Ground Level ◽

New Order ◽

The Public ◽

Centralized Management ◽

Decentralization Policy

The downfall of the New Order Regime in 1998 brought about significant change to Indonesia’s public sector. Law number 22 of 1999, further refined by Law 32 of 2004, provide legal bases for district governments to administer the public sector. The central government also introduces the notion of good governance through the promulgation of various regulations. For Madrasah however, decentralization policy failed to provide clear legal bases as to how it relates to district government. Law 32 of 2004 verse 10 article 3 retains the centralized management by the Ministry of Religious Affairs. This however does not exclude Madrasah from public demand of implementing the principle of good governance. This study analyses the dynamics of principal-ship both in the Sekolah and the Madrasah in the era of decentralization. By comparing two research sites, this study sought to create better understanding about the context by which the organization climate of two different schools are shaped, and how principals and teachers perceives the notion of school leadership in the light of most recent policy development. To do this, interviews were undertaken and questionnaire-based data collection was also conducted. The study found that in the ground level implementation of decentralization policy, Sekolah developed more rigorous leadership compared to that in the Madrasah. This research recommends the adoption of stronger regulation regarding principal-ship of Madrasahs in order to create an environment that is more in tune with the spirit of public service reforms.

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DINAMIKA LEMBAGA DEMOKRASI DESA DI INDONESIA (Sebuah Kajian Pustaka)

Journal Ilmiah Rinjani : Media Informasi Ilmiah Universitas Gunung Rinjani ◽

10.53952/jir.v9i2.334 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 71-82

Author(s):

Muhammad Saleh

Keyword(s):

New Order ◽

Literature Study ◽

Reform Era ◽

Mutual Cooperation ◽

Democratic Practices ◽

Comprehensive Picture ◽

Current Reform ◽

The Government ◽

Consultative Body ◽

The Village

The purpose of this study is to elaborate on the development of rural democratic practices in Indonesia. In the development of democratic practices in villages, there have been ups and downs recently as a result of the concept of government institutionalized by the government above it or supra village. This resulted in the loss of the main characteristics possessed by the village. The main characteristics referred to are the loss of local wisdom, mutual cooperation, and even the character of individualism has begun to penetrate the joints of village community life. This study uses literature study by parsing various theories, opinions across history both during the old order, the new order, up to the current reform era to get a comprehensive picture. The results of the study found that there are ups and downs of democratic practices in Indonesia which are caused by the implementation of the concept of a state from the regime that is currently in power. The ups and downs can be seen in the tug-of-war in village democratic institutions represented by the executive, namely the village head and the legislative body, namely the village consultative body (Law Number 5 of 1979, Law Number 22 of 1999, Law Number 32 of 2004, and Law Number 6 of 2014). Keywords: democracy, village, local wisdom, local institutions ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan ini adalah untuk melakukan elaborasi tentang perkembangan praktek demokrasi desa di Indonesia. Dalam perkembangan praktek demokrasi di desa akhir-akhir ini terjadi pasang surut sebagai akibat dari konsep pemerintahan yang dilembagakan oleh pemerintah di atasnya atau supra desa. Ini mengakibatkan hilangnya karakteristik utama yang dimiliki oleh desa. Karakterisitik utama dimaksud adalah hilangnya kearifan lokal/local wisdom, gotong royong, bahkan watak individualisme mulai merasuki sendi kehidupan masyarakat desa. Studi ini menggunakan studi pustaka dengan mengurai berbagai teori, pendapat lintas sejarah baik pada masa orde lama, orde baru, sampai dengan pada masa reformasi saat ini untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang komprehensif. Hasil penelitian ditemukan adanya pasang surut praktek demokrasi di Indonesia yang disebabkan oleh pelaksanaan konsep bernegara dari rezim yang sedang berkuasa. Pasang surut ini dapat dilihat terjadi tarik ulur pada lembaga demokrasi desa yang diwakili oleh lembaga eksekutif yaitu kepala desa dan lembaga legislatif yaitu lembaga permusyawaratan desa (Undang-Undang Nomor 5 tahun 1979, Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 1999, Undang-Undang Nomor 32 tahun 2004 dan UU Nomor 6 Tahun 2014). Kata kunci: demokrasi, desa, kearifal lokal, institusi lokal

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HUBUNGAN KAPASITAS APARATUR DENGAN PEWUJUDAN GOOD GOVERNANCE

DIALEKTIKA : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Ilmu Sosial ◽

10.36636/dialektika.v2i2.245 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 42-56

Author(s):

Yunus Yunus

Keyword(s):

Public Service ◽

Paradigm Shift ◽

Service Providers ◽

Good Governance ◽

Reform Movement ◽

New Order ◽

Government Agencies ◽

Reform Era ◽

Regional Autonomy ◽

Better Than

AbstractAfter the reform movement of 1998, a paradigm shift that developed in theimplementation of government in Indonesia. The demands of publicadministration services are better than ever, become a necessity that would haveto be met by government agencies public service providers. The suit appearsalong with the development of the reform era and regional autonomy and sincethe fall of the New Order regime. One form of governance (good governance) isthe presence of the image of a democratic government. Good governanceparadigm emphasizes the importance of the parallel relationship between theinstitutions of the state, the market and society. Making professional personnel inorder to demonstrate the capacity, as well as the identity of the hidden potentialthat exists in each apparatus be food for thought that is important in thedevelopment of human resources, especially in local government at this time.Keywords : good governance, e-government, PersonnelAbstrakSetelah terjadinya gerakan reformasi tahun 1998, terjadi pergeseran paradigmayang berkembang dalam pelaksanaan pemerintahan di Indonesia. Adanya tuntutanpelayanan administrasi publik yang lebih baik dari sebelumnya, menjadi suatukebutuhan yang mau tidak mau harus dipenuhi oleh instansi pemerintahpenyelenggara pelayanan publik. Tuntutan tersebut muncul seiring denganberkembangnya era reformasi dan otonomi daerah dan sejak tumbangnyakekuasaan rezim orde baru. Salah satu wujud tata pemerintahan yang baik (goodgovernance) adalah terdapatnya citra pemerintahan yang demokratis. Paradigmatata kepemerintahan yang baik menekankan arti penting kesejajaran hubunganantara institusi negara, pasar dan masyarakat. Menjadikan aparatur yangprofesional dalam rangka menunjukkan kapasitas, identitas serta potensitersembunyi yang ada dalam setiap aparatur menjadi bahan pemikiran yangpenting dalam pengembangan sumber daya manusia khususnya di pemerintahdaerah pada saat ini.Kata Kunci: Tata Kelola Pemerintahan, E-Government, Aparatur

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Hubungan Kapasitas Aparatur Dengan Pewujudan Good Governance

DIALEKTIKA : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Ilmu Sosial ◽

10.36636/dialektika.v4i1.282 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 15-25

Author(s):

Yunus Yunus

Keyword(s):

Public Administration ◽

Public Service ◽

Paradigm Shift ◽

Service Providers ◽

Good Governance ◽

New Order ◽

Reform Era ◽

Regional Autonomy ◽

Potential Capacity ◽

Better Than

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PENGARUH BUDAYA HUKUM TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM GOOD GOVERNANCE DI INDONESIA

Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir ah ◽

10.30984/as.v14i1.309 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sryani Br Ginting

Keyword(s):

Law Enforcement ◽

Central Government ◽

Good Governance ◽

Fundamental Problem ◽

Legal Culture ◽

Government Support ◽

New Order ◽

Community Members ◽

The Government ◽

Culture Development

Constitutionally, rule of law is recognized in Indonesia. It means recognition of the law enforcement. Law is part of the community. Therefore, there is a term law community. The existence of law in Indonesia that can be encountered in daily life in the era of post-reform differs from that of the New Order (ORBA), either in positive or negative terms. Development continues to be implemented, as a process of change that is planned, to reach various aspects of the Indonesian community. One form of development is law development, which is also intrinsically related to other life aspects of similar social phenomena.In Indonesian society, where culture and social structure is complex, law serves more as a means of societal revival that grows from the community members who have power and authority, which may reflect the interests of the general public. Thus, the good governance project occurred, representing the Indonesian government's commitment to realize equitable and fair prosperity for all people, even for those in remote areas. This government effort led by the President, Mr. Joko Widodo, is not an easy task. President cannot work alone without cabinet ministers. The same is true for the central government. They cannot work without local government support. Therefore, the government cannot work without people or community participation in their endeavor to create an equitable and just society.The fundamental problem in Indonesia is a legal culture that has not operated well. Legal conditions that exist today are local and central authorities are being caught for bribery case, corruption, etc. When thought deeper, it appears that the Indonesian law culture is not good enough. Development in all aspects of life, it can be said, has not managed to produce good governance.Keywords: Legal culture, development of law, good governance.

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KEBIJAKAN POLITIK KERUKUNAN ANTARAGAMA DI INDONESIA ERA REFORMASI

Al-Riwayah Jurnal Kependidikan ◽

10.32489/al-riwayah.147 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 407-424

Author(s):

Jamaluddin Jamaluddin

Keyword(s):

Transition Period ◽

Religious Life ◽

New Order ◽

Reform Era ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Accommodation Space ◽

Nation States ◽

The Government ◽

Definition Of ◽

Cultural Reality

Indonesian reformation era begins with the fall of President Suharto. Political transition and democratic transition impact in the religious life. Therefore, understandably, when the politic transition is not yet fully reflects the idealized conditions. In addition to the old paradigm that is still attached to the brain of policy makers, various policies to mirror the complexity of stuttering ruler to answer the challenges of religious life. This challenge cannot be separated from the hegemonic legacy of the past, including the politicization of SARA. Hegemony that took place during the New Order period, adversely affected the subsequent transition period. It seems among other things, with airings various conflicts nuances SARA previously muted, forced repressive. SARA issues arise as a result of the narrowing of the accommodation space of the nation state during the New Order regime. The New Order regime has reduced the definition of nation-states is only part of a group of people loyal to the government to deny the diversity of socio-cultural reality in it. To handle the inheritance, every regime in the reform era responds with a pattern and a different approach. It must be realized, that the post-reform era, Indonesia has had four changes of government. The leaders of every regime in the reform era have a different background and thus also have a vision that is different in treating the problem of racial intolerance, particularly against religious aspect. This treatment causes the accomplishment difference each different regimes of dealing with the diversity of race, religion and class that has become the hallmark of Indonesian society.

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Monisme Identitas Etnik dan Reliji di Mataram Lombok Nusa Tenggara Barat

Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama ◽

10.15575/hanifiya.v2i1.4268 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 16-27

Author(s):

Abdulloh Fuadi

Keyword(s):

Identity Politics ◽

Religious Identity ◽

Religious Conversion ◽

New Order ◽

Reform Era ◽

Self Defense ◽

Religious Issues ◽

Library Research ◽

The Reformation ◽

Religious Problems

This paper discusses the discourse about the complexity of ethnic and religious identity monism in Mataram Lombok West Nusa Tenggara; Sasak ethnic is Islam, while Balinese ethnic is Hindu. The question is then does religious conversion also include ethnic conversion? Methodologically, this paper is library research. Several notes related to this discourse are as follows: (1) Increasing conflict escalation occurs during the Reformation era. Identity politics emerge and strengthen. In several conflicts at Mataram, the ethnic and religious identity is thickening. (2) There is a complexity between democracy and diversity. Democracy demands unity, while multiculturalism emphasizes particularity. Balancing them is easy in theory but difficult in practice. (3) It must be distinguished between politics and politicization. In the case of Indonesia, ethnic and religious issues are often politicized by some people to achieve their own group goals. (4) Relying on ethnicity is a natural instinct in self-defense and affirming identity. This is not necessary to be troubled and blamed. (5) These problems are like a Pandora's box, a box full of diseases. It was the reform era that opened the box which had been closed or covered by the New Order. What happened in the Reformation Era is the emergence of various ethnic and religious problems which were not recognized during the New Order era.

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The Behavior Of Bureaucracy in Application of Transparency, Participatory, and Accountability Services Procurement at Sidenreng Rappang Regency

Journal of Public Administration and Governance ◽

10.5296/jpag.v4i1.5451 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 101

Author(s):

Jamaluddin Ahmad ◽

Astinah Adnan

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Human Resources ◽

Local Governments ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Good Governance ◽

Procurement Process ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Qualitative Descriptive ◽

Bureaucratic Behavior ◽

Qualitative Data Collection

Application of transparency, participation, and accountability in the procurement process of goods and services is in need to achieve good governance. Local governments Sidenreng Rappang has committed to implement through regulation principles so important to study. Therefore, this study aims to determine the principles of transparency, participation, and accountability and bureaucratic behavior that influence the process of procuring goods and services.This type of research is descriptive qualitative data collection techniques through documents, questionnaires, and informants. The data were then analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis.Behavioral results showed that bureaucracy tends political types in the application of the principles of transparency, participation, and accountability services for goods and services. This supported the existence of a Representative Observer of Society (ROS) that help implement it. The factors that influence still more in human resources and the enforcement of sanctions against irregularities rules or procedures.

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Democratic Citizenship of Teacher Movement in Indonesia Post-Soeharto: Between Democratic Citizenship and Civic Engagement

Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun ◽

10.26811/peuradeun.v6i3.236 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 479

Author(s):

Rakhmat Hidayat

Keyword(s):

Civic Engagement ◽

Democratic Citizenship ◽

Political Freedom ◽

The Political ◽

New Order ◽

Teacher Union ◽

Teacher Capacity ◽

Reform Era ◽

Institutional Infrastructure ◽

Educational Advocacy

After May 1998, Indonesia began the transition from centralization to the era of autonomy. During 32 years, Soeharto’s New Order regime (1966-1998) demonstrated authoritarian regime in many sectors, like politics, economics, social, especially in education. The political freedom of the Reform era has opened up an opportunity for the revival of social movements in Indonesia. Reform has enabled more open political structure, including a friendlier political atmosphere for the teacher movement. The purpose of this research is to explain how teacher movement in Indonesia made transformation from authoritarian which close movement to liberal with open movement. In New Order regime with authoritarian performance, Persatuan Guru Republik Indonesia (Teacher Union in Indonesia) is as the single actor. The paper discussed three main aspects: (1) the explanation of the emerging of teacher movements in the process of democratic citizenship (2) the dynamics of teacher movement in developing teacher capacity in era of decentralization of Indonesia (3) the relations of teacher movement between the civil societies in era of decentralization. The teacher movement influences Indonesia’s democratization process. Teacher movement has contributed substantially in increasing participation and democracy in Indonesia, building the legal and institutional infrastructure for democracy, and providing voice and educational advocacy in supporting the reform.

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PERAN BPD DALAM MENDUKUNG PEMERINTAH DESA UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN GOOD GOVERNANCE DI DESA SUMBERKEPUH KEC.TANJUNGANOM KABUPATEN NGANJUK

DIALEKTIKA : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Ilmu Sosial ◽

10.36636/dialektika.v2i2.246 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 57-73

Author(s):

Yenik Pujowati

Keyword(s):

Local Community ◽

Good Governance ◽

New Order ◽

Seven Principles ◽

State Apparatus ◽

The Government ◽

Democratic Parties ◽

Village Government ◽

Principle Of Proportionality ◽

The Village

ABSTRAKSetelah peralihan rezim dari orde baru ke reformasi Negara melahirkan Undang-Undang No. 28 tahun 1999. Dalam peraturan tersebut, menjadi tujuh azas dan menjadipedoman bagi seluruh perangkat Negara untuk melaksanakan tugas. Ketujuh azastersebut meliputi azas kepastian hukum, azas tertib penyelenggaran, azas kepentinganumum, azas keterbukaan, azas proporsionality, azas prfesionalitas dan azasakuntabilitas.Otonomi daerah juga terbagi atas Pemerintahan Tingkat Provinsi,Pemerintahan Tingkat Kabupaten/Kota, dan Pemerintahan Tingkat Desa.Pemerintahan Desa dikatakan pemerintahan yang otonom karena dalam UU No. 6Tahun 2014, desa adalah kesatuan masyarakat hukum yang memiliki kewenangan untukmengurus dan mengatur kepentingan masyarakat setempat berdasarkan adat istiadatdan asal usul yang diakui oleh Negara. Dengan demikian pemerintah desa tidakbergantung sepenuhnya pada pemerintahan diatasnya dalam urusan pelaksanaanPemerintahan Desa. Desa juga memiliki kewenangan untuk menyelenggarakan pestademokrasi dan adanya pemilihan Kepala Desa dan lembaga BPD adalah wujud daridemokrasi tersebut.Kata Kunci : Good Governance, Badan pemusyawaratan Desa (BPD)AbstractAfter the transition of the regime from the new order to the reform of the State gave riseto Law no. 28 of 1999. In the regulation, it becomes the seven principles and serves asthe guidance for all State apparatus to carry out the task. The seven principles cover theprinciples of legal certainty, the principles of orderliness, the principles of publicinterest, the principles of transparency, the principle of proportionality, the principle ofprofessionalism and the principle of accountability. Regional autonomy is also dividedinto Provincial, Regency / Municipal Governance and Village Government. VillageGovernment is said to be an autonomous government because in Law no. 6 Year 2014,the village is a legal community unit which has the authority to administer and regulatethe interests of the local community based on customs and origins recognized by theState. Thus the village government does not depend entirely on the government above itin the affairs of the implementation of Village Government. Villages also have theauthority to organize democratic parties and the election of village heads and BPDinstitutions is a manifestation of the democracy.Keywords: Good Governance, Village Development Board (BPD)

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