An Experimental Study on Swelling Properties of Expansive Soil Treated with Iron Furnace Slag

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Yaseen Yaseen ◽  
Jawdat Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Swelling Pressure ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Iron Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag

Using industrial waste materials in the treatment of problematic soils is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective technique. It helps in decreasing disposal issues induced by various industrial wastes. Also, it is crucial to understand the behaviour of these waste products before use. This paper presents experimental research in the treatment of expansive soil by the utilization of iron furnace slag. Laboratory program was performed to examine the effect of iron furnace slag on enhancing the engineering properties of expansive soil. Several tests included liquid limits, plastic limits, free swell percentage, swelling pressure, and unconfined compressive strength were conducted on untreated and treated soils. The efficiency of adding 0, 2, 4, and 6 percentages of iron slag to the soil was investigated. The results of the natural and iron slag stabilized soils showed that iron slag has a notable effect on strength parameters and considerable improvement in plasticity and swelling properties. The addition of iron slag to the soil increased the unconfined compressive strength while reduced the swelling potential of soil. It is concluded that the utilization of iron slag to improve the properties of expansive soil is successful and useful

scholarly journals Using Steel Slag for Stabilizing Clayey Soil in Sulaimani City-Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 145-157
Author(s):  
Zozk Kawa Abdalqadir ◽  
Nihad Bahaaldeen Salih ◽  
Soran Jabbar Hama Salih
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Steel Slag ◽  
Swelling Pressure ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
California Bearing Ratio ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Clayey Soils

The clayey soils have the capability to swell and shrink with the variation in moisture content. Soil stabilization is a well-known technique, which is implemented to improve the geotechnical properties of soils. The massive quantities of waste materials are resulting from modern industry methods create disposal hazards in addition to environmental problems. The steel industry has a waste that can be used with low strength and weak engineering properties soils. This study is carried out to evaluate the effect of steel slag (SS) as a by-product of the geotechnical properties of clayey soil. A series of laboratory tests were conducted on natural and stabilized soils. SS was added by 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 20% to the soil. The conducted tests are consistency limits, specific gravity, hydrometer analysis, modified Proctor compaction, swelling pressure, swelling percent, unconfined compressive strength, and California Bearing Ratio (Soaked CBR). The results showed that the values of liquid limit, plasticity index, optimum moisture content, swelling pressure, and swelling percent were decreased when stabilized the soil. However, the values of maximum dry density, unconfined compressive strength, and California bearing ratio were increased with the addition of steel slag with various percentages to the clayey soil samples. The steel slag was found to be successfully improving the geotechnical properties of clayey soils.

scholarly journals Evaluation for the Leaching of Cr from Coal Gangue Using Expansive Soils

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Hassan Baaj ◽  
Rong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Leaching Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Coal gangue can cause significant heavy metal pollution in mining areas, which would have a negative impact on the environment and human health. The objective of this research is to investigate the relationship between expansive soil amount and the leaching behavior of Chromium from coal gangue and the engineering properties of coal gangue used as building materials. The leaching behavior of Chromium from coal gangue was observed using atomic absorption spectrometry. A column leaching experiment was conducted to examine the impact of leaching time and heavy metal concentration. Furthermore, the unconfined compressive strength test was employed to evaluate the engineering properties of coal gangue with expansive soil. The results of the study demonstrate that pH of leachate solutions, leaching time, and expansive soil amounts in mixtures have important influence on Chromium concentration. The leachate solutions, which behave like alkaline, provide a positive environment for adsorbing Cr. Adding expansive soil can reduce leached concentrations of Chromium from coal gangue when compared to leachate of original coal gangue. It was found that 30% expansive soil was an improved solution because it delayed the cumulative concentration to reach the limitation line. Moreover, the unconfined compressive strength of coal gangue was boosted through adding expansive soil.

scholarly journals Study on the Stabilization of a New Type of Waste Solidifying Agent for Soft Soil

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiansheng Shen ◽  
Yidong Xu ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Yao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Curing Period ◽  
Steel Furnace ◽  
Binder Ratio ◽  
New Type ◽  
Furnace Slag

The use of desulfurization gypsum and steel/furnace slag composite cementitious material (DGSC) to solidify soft soil can fully utilize industrial wastes, reduce cement use and protect natural resources. By studying the unconfined compressive strengths of DGSC-solidified soil with different mix ratios, water-binder ratios and curing periods, the influence of those factors on the unconfined compressive strength of the soil can be analyzed. Furthermore, the quasi-water-cement ratio is introduced to predict the strength of the DGSC-solidified soil. The results show that the higher the DGSC content is, the better its effect on the soft soil. The variation in the unconfined compressive strength of DGSC-solidified soil overtime can be described by the same trend as that of cement-solidified soil but its early strength is lower than that of cement-solidified soil. When the water-binder ratio of the DGSC-solidified soil is the same as that of the cement-solidified soil, after a28-day curing period, the content of DGSC is higher than that of the 5% cement content, so the DGSC solidification effect is comparable to that of cement. Therefore, using DGSC instead of cement as a soft soil solidifying agent can meet the strength requirements of solidified soil.

scholarly journals Experimental Studies on Drying-Wetting Cycle Characteristics of Expansive Soils Improved by Industrial Wastes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Ye ◽  
Chengfu Chu ◽  
Long Xu ◽  
Kunlong Guo ◽  
Dong Li
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Calcium Carbide ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Atterberg Limits ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Carbide Slag ◽  
Wetting Process

The improved engineering properties of the expansive soil by mixing with various additives will be changed during the long-term variation of the meteorological and hydrological conditions. In the present work, a series of tests are performed to investigate the evolution of the unconfined compression strength and the Atterberg limits under drying-wetting cycling conditions for specimens treated by iron tailing sands and calcium carbide slag. Typical results of the unconfined compressive strength can be divided into three stages. The unconfined compressive strength increases initially and then decreases to reach a stable state with continuous drying-wetting process. The calcium carbide slag content (αCCS) of 10% can be determined for the minimum effect of the drying-wetting cycle on the strength of the treated specimen. An exponential relationship is established to describe the evolution of the unconfined compressive strength with the drying-wetting cycle. The liquid limit and plastic index of the specimen increase initially followed by a decreasing trend, while a reverse trend was observed for that of the plastic limit during the drying-wetting process. The minimum effect of the drying-wetting cycle on the Atterberg limits can be presented for the specimen with αCCS of 10% as well.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cohesive Soil Mixed With Fly Ash and Reinforced With Nylon Fibre

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2 (S)) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Utkarsh Gawande ◽  
Shubham Kanhake ◽  
Arjun Lahane ◽  
Prasanna Naghbhide
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Black Cotton Soil ◽  
Nylon Fiber ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Black cotton soil is a expansive soil. And mostly found in Vidarbha region of Maharashtra, this soil is highly unstable and it should be stabilize for carry out construction work. Materials like fly ash, rise husk, nylon fiber are used to make soil stable. Addition of such material will increase the physical, chemical and engineering properties of soil. Some of the properties which are improved are CBR value, shear strength, liquidity index, plasticity index, unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and bearing capacity, etc. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fly ash in stabilization of Black cotton soil. Mainly UCS and other properties of soil were calculated. The tests were conducted on Soil-Fly Ash mixtures, by increasing the Fly Ash percentage in Black cotton soil like 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%, and then the soil was tested on Soil-Fly Ash - Fibre mixture by adding the fiber in increasing order like 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%. Results were obtained for mixed proportion of 75% soil and 25% fly ash which has unconfined compressive strength of 173 KN/m2. And by adding 1% of nylon fiber in same proportion of soil – fly ash the unconfined compressive strength increased to 243.12 KN/m2. Increase in UCS value can help in reducing the thickness of earthen roads and pavements and increase the bearing capacity and shear strength of soil. With analysis of results it was found that the fly ash along with nylon fiber has good potential to be used as an additive for improving engineering properties of expansive soil.

scholarly journals Modification of Engineering Properties of Clayey Soil by Addition of Mine Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2343-2347
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density

The potential of using iron ore mine waste with an highly compressible clayey soil soil from North Karnataka, India, is investigated in this study. Mining activities lead to the production of waste materials during their extraction and processing stages. The waste maybe in the form of an overburden, waste Rock, Mine Water, or Tailings, depending on the geology, type of processing technology used and the resources mined. The lack of storage space has also been a major concern for the mineral producing agencies, thus paving ways for its better utilization in various construction processes. The collected mine waste was added to expansive soil in different percentages and the mix was tested for Atterberg limits, compaction characteristics, Unconfined compressive strength and California bearing Ratio. It was found that the liquid limit and plasticity index of the soil reduced with addition of mine waste while strength improved. Based on test results of maximum dry density and unconfined compressive strength, a mix of 40% mine waste with 60% expansive clayey soil is recommended for low cost roads. Blending mine waste with expansive soil paves way for sustainable construction besides economic benefits

scholarly journals Experimental Study on Improvement of Marine Soft Soil with Alkali Residue

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 04021
Author(s):  
SHAO Yong ◽  
LIU Xiao-li ◽  
ZHU Jin-jun
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Void Ratio ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Compressive Modulus ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
One Year

Industrial alkali slag is the discharge waste in the process of alkali production. About one million tons of alkali slag is discharged in China in one year. It is a burden on the environment, whether it is directly stacked or discharged into the sea. If we can realize the use of resources, it is a multi-pronged move, so alkali slag is used to improve solidified marine soft soil in this paper. The test results show that the alkali residue can effectively improve the engineering properties of marine soft soil. Among them, the unconfined compressive strength and compressive modulus are increased by about 10 times, and the void ratio and plasticity index can all reach the level of general clay. It shows that alkali slag has the potential to improve marine soft soil and can be popularized in engineering.

scholarly journals Red Mud-Blast Furnace Slag-Based Alkali-Activated Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11298
Author(s):  
Alessio Occhicone ◽  
Mira Vukčević ◽  
Ivana Bosković ◽  
Claudio Ferone
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Bauxite Residue ◽  
Sodium Silicate Solution ◽  
Silicate Solution ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Alkali Activated

The aluminum Bayer production process is widespread all over the world. One of the waste products of the Bayer process is a basic aluminosilicate bauxite residue called red mud. The aluminosilicate nature of red mud makes it suitable as a precursor for alkali-activated materials. In this work, red mud was mixed with different percentages of blast furnace slag and then activated by sodium silicate solution at different SiO2/Na2O ratios. Obtained samples were characterized by chemical–physical analyses and compressive strength determination. Very high values of compressive strength, up to 50 MPa, even for high percentage of red mud in the raw mixture (70 wt.% of RM in powder mixture), were obtained. In particular, the higher compressive strength was measured for cubic samples containing 50 wt.% of RM, which showed a value above 70 MPa. The obtained mixtures were characterized by no or scarce environmental impact and could be used in the construction industry as an alternative to cementitious and ceramic materials.

scholarly journals Reliability of Unconventional Concrete: Improvement in Mix Design and Addition of Bacterial Admixture

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 136-149
Author(s):  
Burhan Afzal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Bacillus Sphaericus ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Environmental Damage

Abstract: Portland cement is used by the construction industries, which is known to be a heavy contributor of carbon dioxide emissions and environmental damage. Adding of industrial wastes like demolished old concrete OF structures, silica fume (SF) fly ash (FA) as additional cementing materials (SCMs) could result in a substantial reduction of the overall Carbon dioxide trace marks of the final concrete product. Use of these additional materials in construction industry especially in the making of concrete is highly challenging. Remarkable research efforts are needed to study about the engineering properties of concrete incorporating such industrial wastes. Present research is an effort to study the properties of concrete adding industrial wastes such as demolished concrete, FA and SF The improvement of properties of RCA concrete with the incorporation of two ureolytic-type bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus sphaericus to improve the properties of RCA concrete. The experimental investigations are carried out by experts evaluate the improvement of the compressive strength, capillary water absorption and drying shrinkage of RCA concrete adding bacteria. Seven concrete mixes are manufactured using Portland slag cement (PSC) partially changed with SF ranging from 0 to 30%. The mix proportions were obtained as per Indian standard IS: 10262-2009 with 10% extra cement when SF is taken as per the above the construction practice by experts. Optimal dosages of SF for maximum values of compressive strength, tensile splitting strength and flexural strength at 28 days are determined. Keywords: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sphaericus, RCA, PSC, Silica Fume.

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