Eating Disorders among Psychic Patients: A Clinical Study

Background: Eating disorders (ED) are common conditions that have gained increasing attention over the last two decades. This study was conducted to correlate the eating disorder with body weight dissatisfaction (BWD) and body shape dissatisfaction (BSD) in study population. Materials & Methods: This study was conducted in department of Psychiatry in year 2012. It was cross sectional type of study conducted on 2360 patients visited the department with any psychiac disorders. Patient information regarding name, age, gender etc was recorded. Body mass index (BMI) was also recorded. Patients were asked to reply the Eating aptitude test (EAT) and BSQ questionnaire. EAT is 26 items evaluated attitudes, feelings and preoccupations in relation to food and weight. The BSQ is a self-report, 34 items questionnaire that evaluates feelings of low self-esteem, the desire to lose weight and body dissatisfaction. For detecting body shape dissatisfaction (BSD), Cooper and Taylor classification was used. The BSD value, <81-slight BSD value, 81- 110- moderate BSD and BSD value 111-140- extreme BSD. For detecting BWD, discrepancy between students current and desired weight was considered. Results: Out of 520 patients, 250 (48%) were males and 270 (51%) were females. 40% (208) had BSD, 60% (312) had BWD, 20% (104) had positive EAT, 60% (338) had normal weight, 10 % (52) had underweight and 25% (130) had overweight. The magnitudes of BSD in patients with positive EAT. 94 patients (90%) with a positive EAT expressed BSD. Out of 104 slightly dissatisfied BSD patients, 26 had positive EAT. Of 56 moderately dissatisfied BSD patients, 54 had positive EAT. Of 48 severely dissatisfied BSD patients, 14 had positive EAT. The difference was significant (P<0.05). Patients with overweight had significantly higher BSD, BWD and positive EAT Conclusion: Eating disorders are increasing day by day. This is an alarming signal for most of the people and westernization is playing important role in this. There is need to educate the people psychologically also.

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Orthorexic Tendency and Eating Disorders Symptoms in Polish Students: Examining Differences in Eating Behaviors

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12010218 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 218 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Marta Plichta ◽

Marzena Jezewska-Zychowicz

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Eating Behaviors ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Meat Products ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Fiber ◽

High Sugar ◽

Special Diet ◽

The Difference

Orthorexia nervosa (ON) may precede, ensue, or coexist with eating disorders (ED) and also affect eating behaviors. The aim of this study was to explore the dietary patterns (DPs) and other eating habits of people showing ON tendency, ED symptoms, and both ON tendency and ED symptoms, as well as those not showing either. The data for the study were collected from a sample of 1120 Polish college students through a cross-sectional survey in 2017. The questionnaire used in the survey included the ORTO-15, the Eating Disorder Screen for Primary Care (ESP), and the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ-6), and the students were also asked questions about their eating habits and special diets. A factor analysis was conducted to identify the following five DPs: “high-sugar products and refined products,” “meat and meat products,” “alcohol,” “high-fiber products and nuts,” and “dairy products and whole-meal bread.” Univariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to verify the associations between the variables. Students in the “ON and without ED” group were found to exhibit more healthy eating habits than the students in the “ED and without ON” group. The use of a special diet in the past and currently increased the risk of displaying ON tendency and ED symptoms. Students in the “ON and without ED” and “ON and ED” groups were characterized by less frequent consumption of high-sugar and refined products. Students who rarely consumed meat and related products were found to be less likely to display “ON and ED.” In conclusion, different eating habits shown by people with ON tendency and ED symptoms confirmed the difference between ON and ED. However, the simultaneous displaying of ON and ED leads to the overlapping of specificity of eating habits, which can make the diagnosis based only on the eating habits difficult. Thus, there is still a need for further research involving the use of more sensitive tools that can better identify ON tendency and ED symptoms, as well as DPs.

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Transtornos alimentares, imagem corporal e influência da mídia em universitárias

Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line ◽

10.5205/1981-8963.2020.245234 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Isadora Ramos Fonseca ◽

Ana Paula Gonçalves de Oliveira ◽

Maria Olimpia Ribeiro do Vale Almada ◽

Rene Jesus De La Torre Acosta ◽

Monise Martins da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Body Image ◽

University Students ◽

Body Shape ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Total Sample ◽

Test Body ◽

Eating Attitudes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nutritional Monitoring

Objetivo: avaliar, em universitárias da área da saúde, indícios de transtornos alimentares, satisfação com a imagem corporal e influência da mídia. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, observacional, com 61 universitárias, com idade superior ou igual aos 20 anos de idade, aplicando-se os questionários Eating Atitudes Test, Body Shape Questionnaire, questionário de Teste de Imagem Corporal, Atitudes Socioculturais em Relação à Aparência, Escala de Compulsão Alimentar Periódica e dados antropométricos. Realizou-se a análise descritiva das variáveis. Resultados: observou-se que, das 45 universitárias, a maioria apresentou Índice de Massa Corporal adequado; 26,7% apresentaram indícios de transtornos alimentares; 4,4%, insatisfação corporal grave e a influência da mídia e a compulsão alimentar periódica apresentaram-se em 2,2% do total da amostra estudada. Conclusão: entende-se que o diagnóstico precoce desses distúrbios, assim como de suas complicações clínicas, nem sempre é possível. Torna-se essencial que o tratamento das complicações seja realizado de maneira concomitante ao acompanhamento psicoterápico e nutricional. Descritores: Transtornos Alimentares; Imagem Corporal; Universitárias; Anorexia; Bulimia; Transtorno Alimentar Periódico.AbstractObjective: to evaluate, in university students in the health field, signs of eating disorders, satisfaction with body image and media influence. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study, with 61 university students, aged 20 years or over, using the Eating Attitudes Test, Body Shape Questionnaire, Body Image Test questionnaire , Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance, Periodic Eating Compulsion Scale and anthropometric data. Descriptive analysis of the variables was carried out. Results: it was observed that, of the 45 university students most had an adequate Body Mass Index; 26.7% showed signs of eating disorders; 4.4%, severe body dissatisfaction and the influence of the media and binge eating were 2.2% of the total sample studied. Conclusion: it is understood that the early diagnosis of these disorders, as well as their clinical complications, is not always possible. It is essential that the treatment of complications is carried out concurrently with psychotherapeutic and nutritional monitoring. Descriptors: Eating Disorders; Body Image; University Students; Anorexia; Bulimia; Periodic Eating Disorder.ResumenObjetivo: evaluar, en estudiantes universitarias en el campo de la salud, signos de trastornos alimentarios, satisfacción con la imagen corporal e influencia de los medios. Método: este es un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, transversal, observacional, con 61 estudiantes universitarias, de 20 años o más, utilizando el Test de Actitudes Alimentarias, el Cuestionario de Forma Corporal, el cuestionario del Test de Imagen Corporal, Actitudes socioculturales hacia la apariencia, Escala de compulsión alimentaria periódica y datos antropométricos. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las variables. Resultados: se observó que, de las 45 estudiantes universitarias, la mayoría tenía un Índice de Masa Corporal adecuado; 26.7% mostró signos de trastornos alimentarios; 4.4%, la insatisfacción corporal severa y la influencia de los medios de comunicación y los atracones fueron 2.2% de la muestra total estudiada. Conclusión: se entiende que el diagnóstico temprano de estos trastornos, así como sus complicaciones clínicas, no siempre es posible. Es esencial que el tratamiento de las complicaciones se realice simultáneamente con el monitoreo psicoterapéutico y nutricional. Descriptores: Trastornos de la Alimentación; Imagen Corporal; Estudiantes Universitarios; Anorexia Bulimia; Trastorno Alimentario Periódico.

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Relationship between neuropsychology, clinical traits, psychopathology and attitudes towards change in eating disorders

10.21203/rs.3.rs-21795/v4 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Beatriz Mata-Saenz ◽

Teresa Rodríguez-Cano ◽

Victoria Eugenia Muñoz-Martínez ◽

Luis Beato-Fernández

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Neuropsychological Tests ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Clinical Status ◽

Decisional Balance ◽

Lower Score ◽

Self Report ◽

Central Coherence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Neuropsychological Characteristics

Abstract Background: Research on the neuropsychological characteristics of eating disorders (EDs) has primarily focused on inhibitory control, set-shifting and central coherence, as well as attention bias and decision making. These neuropsychological aspects may be related to a more severe clinical status and also influence attitudes towards therapeutic change. The objective of this research was to analyse the relationship of psychopathological and clinical variables with neuropsychological characteristics of patients with EDs and to see the possible influence of these variables on patients’ attitude towards change. Methods: An observational analytical cross-sectional study was performed. The participants were 74 consecutive outpatients who received treatment at an ED unit. They were assessed during a 6-month period, using clinical (Psychiatric Status Rating Scale, modified) and neuropsychological tests (Letter Number Sequencing test; Stroop test; Symbol Digit Modalities Test; Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test). They were asked to complete several self-report psychopathological questionnaires: Body Shape Questionnaire; Eating Disorders Inventory; Beck Depression Inventory; State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; Dissociative Experiences Scale; Attitudes Towards Change in Eating Disorders Scale (ACTA), but 23 participants (31.08%) did not return them. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis were performed to study the relationships between clinical and psychopathological neuropsychological variables.Results: Nineteen patients (25.68%) were diagnosed with restricting anorexia nervosa (AN), 19 (25.68%) with purging AN, 14 with bulimia nervosa (18.92%), 9 with binge eating disorder (12.16%) and 13 with ED not otherwise specified (17.57%). There were no significant differences among the groups regarding the scores on neuropsychological tests. Body max index (BMI) was related to the majority of the neuropsychological scores. Depression (BDI), severity of the illness status and BMI, were predictors of deficits in working memory (F=3.46; p <0.01, 33% of the variance). On the other hand, higher score on time of the copy [B=3.56; 95% CI (0.82-6.29), p<0.01] and lower score on memory time [B=-2.31; 95% CI [-4.58-(-0.05)]; p<0.05] predicted the score on the “Precontemplation” subscale of the ACTA (F=2.59; p<0.05; 16% of the variance). Higher score on the copy time [B=1.43; 95% CI (0.42-2.45); p<0.01] and lower score on the style index [B= -14.01; 95% CI (-24.98-(-3.04)); p<0.01] predicted the score on the “Contemplation” subscale of the ACTA (F=3.40; p<0.05; 22% of the variance). Conclusions: The main results suggest that neuropsychological dysfunctions in EDs are transdiagnostic dimensions and that BMI, the severity of the illness and depression predict some of these disturbances. Besides, they influence the attitudes towards change. The findings highlight the need of setting up a broad framework to increase the acknowledgment of the problem. This approach could enhance conventional therapy, providing additional cognitive remediation therapy to motivational interview aimed to improve the decisional balance. At present, there are no definitive conclusions about whether neuropsychological disturbances are underlying traits or consequences of the illness, thus comprehensive longitudinal studies are needed.

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Perception against COVID-19 Threat Affecting the Behavior of Indonesia People Three Months after the Outbreak

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3889/oamjms.2020.5432 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (T1) ◽

pp. 459-464

Author(s):

Putri C. Eyanoer ◽

Farhat Farhat ◽

Elvita Rahmi Daulay ◽

Fotarisman Zaluchu

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Individual Level ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Study Population ◽

The Difference ◽

The Government ◽

The Individual ◽

Actual Health

BACKGROUND: In Indonesia, a new behavior has been introduced in the community to prevent COVID-19 transmission following 3 months of the COVID-19 outbreak. The Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia, names this new concept as “the adaptation of new behavior.” However, preventive measures and health protocols encouraged by the government have not yet yielded a significant impact on reducing the COVID-19 positivity rate. This unsuccessful outcome indicates that infective circulation is still occurring caused by incompliant to the health protocol. AIM: This study aimed to measure community perceptions against COVID-19 at the individual level. METHODS: A cross-sectional study with a total of 1687 respondents was performed. Questionnaires distributed thru sharing online links which contain questions on perception of vulnerability and severity of COVID-19. Chi-square test used in analysis to determine the difference in perception with respondents’ behavior. RESULTS: A total of 81.7% of respondents who had a perception of “susceptible to contract” performed behavior suited to recommendations and 81.2% study population had a perception of “COVID-19 is severe” executed behavior suited to the recommendation. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated the establishment of government recommendations for COVID-19 infection did not guarantee the actual health practice/behavior in the community. The existing misconception of the perspective of seriousness/severity and susceptibility would prevent the country from flattening the curve.

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Eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction among college students

ConScientiae Saúde ◽

10.5585/conssaude.v14n3.5487 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 355-362 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Mara Cristina Lofrano-Prado ◽

Wagner Luiz Prado ◽

Mauro Virgílio Gomes Barros ◽

Sandra Lopes de Souza

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Eating Disorders ◽

Body Image ◽

Body Image Dissatisfaction ◽

Preliminary Evidence ◽

Health Science ◽

Self Report ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Eat 26

Introduction: Body image dissatisfaction and disordered eating behavior increase during college. Objectives: To identify symptoms of eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction in college students and to verify the relationship between eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 408 college students (283 females), aged 18-23y, enrolled in the first semester of health science in public universities from Recife-PE. Symptoms of eating disorders and body image dissatisfaction were assessed by self-report questionnaires (EAT-26, BITE, BES, BSQ). Results: Body image dissatisfaction was independently associated with a 22-fold increased risk for anorexia nervosa, 18-fold for bulimia nervosa and 25-fold for binge eating. Female college students (32.5%; CI95%=27.2-38.1%) have higher symptoms of eating disorders than males (18.4%; CI95%=12.3-25.9%). Specifically for bulimia, both females (26.1%; CI95%=21.3-31.5%) and males (21.6%; CI95%=15.1-29.5%) are at greater risk of developing this illness. Conclusion: The current findings provide preliminary evidence about risks of college health sciences students with body image dissatisfaction to develop eating disorders.

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The Difference of Cadre Knowledge Before and After Handwashing Tele-Education in COVID-19 Outbreak at Burangrang Village, Bandung

JIMKI: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Indonesia ◽

10.53366/jimki.v8i2.154 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 36-41

Author(s):

Fachreza Aryo Damara

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The People ◽

Before And After ◽

The Media ◽

The Subject ◽

Transmission Prevention ◽

The Difference ◽

Prevention Method ◽

The Given

Background: Health prevention and promotion are both important in making better public health. In order to actualize both aspects, Posyandu cadre play major role. Cadre have bigger chance and impact to educate the people who are living around them. However, doing a direct education has become more difficult since physical contacts were minimalized during this COVID-19 outbreak. Therefore, an effective tele-education is needed as an effort to prevent COVID-19 transmission. The study aims to evaluate the effect of tele-education through Youtube and Whatsapp to enhance people's understanding on COVID-19 transmission prevention Method: The study was a cross-sectional study with observational descriptive-analytical methods and quantitatively approach. Subject of the study was Posyandu cadre in Burangrang Village, Lengkong District, Bandung with the subject total was 19. Results: After given a tele-education, there was an increase in total score means between pretest and posttest with p=0.000 (p<0.001). Moreover, there were increases in both social media’s impression and engagement on educational video which was uploaded on Youtube. Discussion: In doing tele education to Posyandu cadre, video as a media to deliver the content was more preferred. Sharing the knowledge through video along with evaluating participants' understanding of the given topics could enhance cadre knowledge about handwashing as a prevention in the middle of COVID-19 outbreak. Conclusion: Tele education using video could enhance cadre’s understanding about handwashing. The media that has been used was able to deliver the content based on impression and engagement evaluations.

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The prevalence of asthma among children in South Africa is increasing - is the need for medication increasing as well? A case study in the Vaal Triangle

Clean Air Journal ◽

10.17159/caj/2014/24/1.7050 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 28-30

Author(s):

M.A. Oosthuizen ◽

A.J. Mundackal ◽

C.Y. Wright

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Concern ◽

Health Study ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Respiratory Illnesses ◽

Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽

Study Population ◽

The Difference ◽

Vaal Triangle

Asthma, a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways, is a global public health concern. In southern Africa the prevalence of asthma has increased over the last few decades. In the current study, all 10-year-old learners from three of the schools (one each in Sasolburg, Vanderbijlpark and Vereeniging) that participated in the 1990 Vaal Triangle Air Pollution and Health Study, were selected as the study population for a cross-sectional study conducted in 2010. Both the 1990 and 2010 studies investigated several exposure factors but focussed on respiratory illnesses as main health outcomes. Although the overall ethnicity profile in 2010 was different from that of 1990, the socioeconomic status of the study populations were very similar – the reason being that the same schools were used and the participating children were from the same immediate environment. The results of the 2010 study were then compared to the results of all 10-year-olds, from the same three schools, who participated in the 1990 study. The results showed the difference in prevalence of asthma during the two study years was statistically significant. The difference in the percentage of children who had ever been diagnosed with asthma and were reportedly on medication in 1990 and 2010 was, however, not statistically significant, indicating that although the prevalence of asthma increased, the demand for medication to control the condition may not have increased as well.

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Contraceptive User’s Profile

Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.32771/inajog.v1i4.362 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Eka R Gunardi

Keyword(s):

Obstet Gynecol ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Study Population ◽

The Mean ◽

The Difference ◽

Almost All ◽

The Cost

Objective: To obtain informations regarding the profile of contraceptive users in Raden Saleh Clinic, Jakarta. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in June 2012, at Raden Saleh Clinic, Jakarta. The study population was the patient who came to Raden Saleh Clinic from 2008 until 2011. Results: The mean age of the contraception users was 34.06 and the mean of their husband’s age was 38.91 years old. Most of the patients were graduated from senior high school (43.2%) and university (37.9%). More than half of the patients (55.2%) were not working and more than a half of their husband (53.2%) were private employee. Almost all (92.6%) of the patient were married. Most of the patient (38.8%) came with no prior contraception. After consultation, all patients had chosen their preferred contraceptive methods, namely IUD (61.4%), injectable contraception (20.9%), pill (13.7%), sterilization (3.4%), and implant (0.6%). Conclusion: Family planning reduces maternal mortality and the best method is different for each patient because of the difference in their own condition and the consideration of the cost and benefit. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 1-4:179-82] Keywords: contraception, contraceptive users profile

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Hypertension and Migraine in the Northern Manhattan Study

Ethnicity & Disease ◽

10.18865/ed.26.3.323 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 323 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Hannah Gardener ◽

Teshamae Monteith ◽

Tatjana Rundek ◽

Clinton B. Wright ◽

Mitchell S.V. Elkind ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Self Report ◽

Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽

Community Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Predominantly Hispanic ◽

Hispanic Community ◽

Long Duration ◽

Study Population ◽

And Control

Objective: To investigate the association between migraine and hypertension in the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS), a multiethnic community-based sample. Design: Cross-sectional cohort study. Participants:1338 NOMAS participants (mean age 68.1±9.6 years, 37% male, 15% non-Hispanic White, 19% non-Hispanic Black, 67% Hispanic). Setting: Northern Manhattan community. Intervention: Participants were assessed for migraine symptoms using a self-report questionnaire based on criteria from the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg, the patient’s self-reported hypertension, or use of anti-hypertensive medications. Duration (≤9 years vs >9 years) and control (BP<140/90) of hypertension were examined. We estimated the association between hypertension and migraine (overall and with/without aura) using logistic regression, adjusting for sociodemographic and vascular risk factors. Results: The majority of participants (80%) had no migraine, 6% had migraine with aura, and 15% had migraine without aura. Hypertension was present in 76% of the study population (7% had controlled hypertension ≤9 years duration, 5% controlled hypertension >9 years duration, 41% uncontrolled hypertension ≤9 years duration, 23% uncontrolled hypertension >9 years duration). Hypertension was associated with migraine (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.21-2.54), both with and without aura. This association was particularly apparent for those with uncontrolled and long duration hypertension. Conclusion: Hypertension, particularly uncontrolled and of long duration, is associated with migraine, both with and without aura, in a predominantly Hispanic community-based cohort. Ethn Dis. 2016;26(3):323-330; doi:10.18865/ed.26.3.323

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The relationship of body shape perception, eating disorders, nutritional knowledge and food intake with nutritional status adolescent girls in Ayodya Pala

ARGIPA (Arsip Gizi dan Pangan) ◽

10.22236/argipa.v4i2.3829 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 74-84

Author(s):

Digahayu Ismayanti

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Food Intake ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Body Shape ◽

Shape Perception ◽

Nutritional Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Youth groups who work as dancers are prone to malnutrition. The leaner body shape is considered to make it easier to move so that teens tend to limit food intake in order to achieve ideal body shape. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of perceptions of body shape, eating disorders, nutritional knowledge, and food intake with nutritional status in adolescent girls in Ayodya Pala. This research was conducted in May 2019 at the Ayodya Pala. The research was a cross-sectional study. This study used a total sampling technique, which means that the total population was the subject of research. The result showed that 58% of subjects had poor nutritional status, 50,8% of subjects had negative perceptions of body shape, 57,1% of subjects had eating disorders, 55,6% of subjects had less knowledge of nutrition. More than 50% of subjects were lack of energy and macronutrient intake. In conclusion, there was a significant relationship (p=0,000) between body shape perception, eating disorders, nutritional knowledge, and food intake with nutritional status. Keywords: Body Shape Perception, Food Intake, Eating Disorders, Nutritional Knowledge, Nutritional Status

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