scholarly journals CONCEPTUALIZATION OF THE THEORY OF MODERNIZATION IN MODERN POLITICAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Western Model ◽  
Traditional Societies

There is a need to distinguish between modernization as a theory and as a process. It is noted that modernization should also be distinguished in a broad sense (as a constant process of producing certain responses to environmental challenges) and in a narrow sense (as a process of learning models of economic, social, political and cultural development of Western society). The content of the theory of modernization as an interdisciplinary system of views, ideas, schemes, and models of analysis is revealed, which reveals the dynamics of overcoming the backwardness of traditional societies, studies the patterns of transformation of transitional societies into modern, developed ones. As a process, modernization is interpreted by modern science as a process of acquisition by less developed societies of a number of features characteristic of more developed societies. There are several stages in the evolution of the theory of modernization, the features of each of them are considered. The first stage (mid-1950s and 1960s) was the period of the origin and formation of the theory of modernization, the development of concrete-oriented models of socio-economic development based on it. At the second stage of modernization there was a reassessment of the ideas of the first stage, analysis of miscalculations identified in socio-political practice. It has been proved that modernization has an inverse vector. The main element on which the nature of transitional processes and transformations depends, began to be considered a socio-cultural factor. The third, modern, stage of modernization (late 1980s - early 1990s) took place in the context of the collapse of the world socialist system, when post-socialist countries tried to become on a par with developed Western countries through Westernization. There is an error in the mechanical transfer of the Western model to other countries due to disregard for the different potential of their development and the ability of developed countries to constantly improve their system. It turns out that at the present stage it is worth talking more about "post-modernization", which is based on the desire for deep understanding of various social and political actors in society, the search for new social values, the ability to compromise on fundamental political issues and more.

Ч. АЙТМАТОВДУН ЧЫГАРМАЛАРЫНДАГЫ ЖАЛПЫ АДАМЗАТТЫК БААЛУУЛУКТАРДЫН МААНИСИ ЖАНА ЖАШ МУУНДАРДЫ ТАРБИЯЛООДОГУ ОРДУ

2020 ◽  
pp. 164-167
Author(s):  
Айнура Байтокова
Keyword(s):  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
Youth Education ◽  
Spiritual World ◽  
Universal Values

Аннотация. Макала учурдагы актуалдуу проблемалардын бири болгон жаш муундарда жалпы адамзаттык баалуулуктарды тарбиялоо. Макалада Ч. Айтматовдун чыгармаларындагы баалуулуктардын мааниси жана алардын жаш муундарды тарбиялоодогу орду жөнүндө маселени козгойт. Өзгөчө жаңы социалдык экономикалык өзгөрүүлөр менен жаш муундардын адеп-ахлактык, руханий дүйнөсү өзгөрүүдө. Бул жагдайдан алып караганда коомдун социалдык-маданий жактан андан ары өнүгүүсү үчүн башкы бириктирүүчү факторлордон болуп жаш муундардагы жалпы адамзаттык баалуулуктарды калыптандыруу маселеси биринчи орунга чыгат. Болочок мугалимдердин кесиптик билим алуусунда жалпы адамзаттык баалуулуктарды терең түшүнүүсү, алардын келечектеги кесиптик даярдыгына жардам берет. Демек, аларга жалпы адамзаттык баалуулуктарды сиңирүү абдан маанилүү учур талабы экендигин көрөбүз. Түйүндүү сөздөр: жалпы адамзаттык баалуулуктар, адамгерчилик, адеп-ахлак, руханий баалуулуктар, учурдагы көйгөйлүү маселелер, жаш муундар, базар экономикасы ж.б... Аннотация. В статье затронута одна из актуальных проблем современности – достойное воспитание молодого поколения. Статья рассматривает проблематику воспитания молодежи и формирования общечеловеческих ценностей. В статье речь идет о роли произведений Чингиза Айтматова в воспитании молодежи. В условиях перехода в новый социально-экономический период меняется нравственно-духовный мир молодежи, в том числе у студентов. С этой точки зрения на первый план выходит задача формирования общечеловеческих ценностей, которые должны стать главным объединяющим фактором дальнейшего социокультурного развития общества. Обогащение опыта глубокого понимания общечеловеческих ценностей у будущих педагогов в профессиональном обучении способствует формированию подготовленности будущих педагогов профессионального обучения в будущем, также важно привить в них систему общечеловеческих ценностей. Ключевые слова: общечеловеческие ценности, гуманность, нравственно-этические принципы, духовные ценности, рыночная экономика. Annotation. the article touches on one of the pressing problems of our time - the decent education of the younger generation. The article considers the issues of youth education and the formation of universal values. The article deals with the role of the works of Chingiz Aitmatov in the education of youth. With the transition to a new socio- economic period, the moral and spiritual world of young people is changing, including among students. From this point of view, the task of creating universal human values comes to the forefront, which should become the main unifying factor in the further socio-cultural development of society. The enrichment of the experience of a deep understanding of human values in future teachers contributes to the formation of preparedness of future teachers of vocational training in the future, it is also important to instill in them a system of universal values. Keywords: universal values, humanity, thinker, wise, moral and ethical principles, spiritual values, market economy.

scholarly journals Judicial Institutionalization and Judicial Activism of the Post-Communist Constitutional Courts

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirill M. Bumin
Keyword(s):  
Executive Power ◽  
Contextual Influences ◽  
Constitutional Courts ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Constitutional Review ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Policy Choices ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Accession Process ◽  
Decision Making Behavior

In applying constitutional review, post-communist constitutional courts are affected by the existing political and institutional environments, as well as by their own institutional capabilities. However, our understanding of the activity of the post-communist constitutional courts remains incomplete because the existing research fails to consider how the institutional changes on these courts affect their decision-making behavior. In this study, I examine the activity of nineteen post-communist constitutional courts during the 1992-2006 period. I use an aggregate, time-series measure of judicial institutionalization to show that higher levels of institutionalization enhance these constitutional courts’ ability to pursue their policy goals and influence the degree to which they invalidate policy choices of other major political actors, while lower levels of institutionalization limit the courts’ impact on legal and political issues. The findings of this analysis thus provide the first empirical confirmation of the importance of judicial institutionalization to the policy outputs of the post-communist constitutional courts. I also illustrate how various institutional and contextual influences, such as executive power, legislative fragmentation, economic conditions, EU accession process, the identity of the litigants, and the nature of the litigated issues, influence the activity of post-communist constitutional courts. 

Education as Arikara Spiritual Renewal and Cultural Evolution

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
KuuNUx TeeRIt Kroupa
Keyword(s):  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Old People ◽  
New Beginning ◽  
The People ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Universe

In May 2009, the Arikara returned to the land of their ancestors along the Missouri River in South Dakota. For the first time in more than a half century, a Medicine Lodge was built for ceremony. The lodge has returned from its dormant state to regain its permanent place in Arikara culture. This event will be remembered as a significant moment in the history of the Arikara because it symbolizes a new beginning and hope for the people. Following this historic event, Arikara spiritual leader Jasper Young Bear offered to share his experience and deep insight into Arikara thought: You have to know that the universe is the Creator's dream, the Creator's mind, everything from the stars all the way to the deepest part of the ocean, to the most microscopic particle of the creation, to the creation itself, on a macro level, on a micro level. You have to understand all of those aspects to understand what the lodge represents. The lodge is a fractal, a symbolic representation of the universe itself. How do we as human beings try to make sense of that? That understanding, of how the power in the universe flows, was gifted to us through millennia of prayer and cultural development… It is important for us to internalize our stories, internalize the star knowledge, internalize those things and make that your way, make that your belief, because we're going to play it out inside the lodge. It only lives by us guys interacting with it and praying with it and bringing it to life… We're going to play out the wise sayings of the old people… So you see that it's an Arikara worldview. A learning process of how the universe functions is what you're actually experiencing [inside the Medicine Lodge]. What the old people were describing was the functioning of how we believed the universe behaves. And we had a deep, deep understanding of what that meant and how it was for us. So that's what you're actually seeing in the Medicine Lodge.

scholarly journals Information and Communications Technology and its Impact in Organizational Culture

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 438-459
Author(s):  
Khalid Zaidan Abdul Hadi ◽  
Rawia Mohammed Wajih Zarzis
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Great Ability ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
A Prospective Study

The study seeks to effect demonstrate the information and communication technology in the organizational culture is a prospective study of the views of a sample of individuals in the Central Bank of Iraq, and the application of information and communication technology in our organizations is necessary and urgent, and the demands of progress and catch up with the passengers of developed countries, Others studies and papers and researches in this range, in focus on study of impotence of information and communication technology, business and administrative tasks in the organization including and the requirements of development and progress, and what the culture of the organization of a strong and direct impact on the success of any new strategy adopted for the performance of discrimination, the existence of an appropriate organizational culture that gives a great ability to deal with variables appropriately and able to adopt modern administrative applications in the field of informatics, the following questions: Is there a clear perception of the researched organization about ICT? Is there a clear perception of the researched organization about organizational culture? What is the reality researched organization for use the components of information and communication technology? What is the nature relationships effect and correlations between information and communication technology and Organizational Culture? In order to answer the above questions, the analytical descriptive method was adopted by designing and constructing a scale that has the ability to measure the main dimensions of the research. The questionnaire was distributed as (30) samples were distributed to a sample of individuals as the research sample. In order to analyze the data, the study reached a number of conclusions, the most important of which is the existence of a significant relationship between information and communication technology and organizational culture at the level of the researched organization. A number of issues were also presented, the most important of which is the great interest in the human resource, which is the main element in the adoption of modern technologies. And contribute to strengthening the organizational culture.

scholarly journals ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY OF VIOLENCE AS AN ELEMENT OF CULTURE

InterConf ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 411-417
Author(s):  
Ketevan Khutsishvili
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Development ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Anthropological Study ◽  
Definite Time ◽  
Traditional Societies ◽  
Forms Of Violence

The problem of study of violence, its appearances, and goals from the anthropological perspective is facing some obstacles. The analyses of the ethnographical data from the mountainous part of East Georgia proves the connection of the forms of violence with the system of values of the definite time-period of the historical-cultural development. The dynamics of the forms of violence depends on the changes of the values. The conclusion is drawn that the violence forms used in traditional societies to regulate the inner relations are to be understood as a cultural fact, the study of which needs to consider not only its instrumental, but also the functional aspects.

"THE WHOLE KABARDA WILL GREET THIS ACT WITH A SENSE OF GREAT MORAL SATISFACTION...". ARTICLE OF G. BAYEV "ABOUT JOINING OF MINOR KABARDA TO THE GREAT KABARDA

Kavkazologiya ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 86-107
Author(s):  
D.N. PRASOLOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Information Support ◽  
The Public ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Explanatory Note ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Modernization ◽  
Detailed Work

In publicist writings of G. Bayev were reflected many issues of socio-cultural development of the peoples of the Terek region in the second half of XIX – early XX centuries. Considerable attention Ossetian public figure paid to social and economic problems of peoples of Nalchik district. In particular they were treated in a context of functioning of their self-government – Congress of entrusted of the Great and Minor Kabarda and Five mountain societies. In January 1905, nine villages of Minor Kabarda concluded with G. Bayev an agreement to represent their interests in the petition to restore the unity of Great and Minor Kabarda within the Nalchik district. In the course of fulfilling of this task G. Bayev prepared an explanatory note and organised its information support. The basic positions of the petition's substantiation were stated in the article published in several issues of "Pyatigorskiy listok" at the beginning of June 1905. By its substantive qualities the material represented a detailed work on the history of the public self-government of Kabardians in the genre of zemstvo journalism. G. Bayev's systematic characterization of cultural and historical preconditions and administrative expediency of reunion of Great and Minor Kabarda convincingly testified to a deep understanding of socially significant tasks and the ways of their achievement necessary for socio-political and economic modernization of the territory. The result of his petition was the order of the viceroy of Caucasus I.I. Vorontsov-Dashkov of August 24, 1905 to incorporate the villages of Minor Kabarda to the Nalchik okrug. The publication of G. Bayev's article introduces into scientific circulation an informative source testifying to the formation of constructive skills of socio-state interaction in political culture of peoples of Terskaya oblast’ initiated by representatives of national intelligentsia of the region.

Tobolsk Bishop's house in the 19th century.

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Natakia S. Kharina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Church History ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The 19Th Century

The study of various aspects of the Russian Orthodox Church history continues to be significant and relevant in modern science. From the second half of 15th – beginning of 16th centuries, we can speak about the emergence of two issues that will become the major touch points of Church and State. The strengthening of the absolute monarchy in the 18th century leads to the emergence of a new bureaucratic system in the state administration. These changes will inevitably affect the Tobolsk Bishop's house, and the conditions which it was placed in after 1764 led to changes in the principles of its organization and a significant restructuring. Therefore, the research objective is to redesign the process of socio-economic, political and cultural development of the Tobolsk Bishop's house in the 19th century. Various types of sources were used for the study: legislative and regulatory acts, published and archived materials introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. Documents of management and record keeping of the Tobolsk Bishop's house occupy a special place, in particular the materials of the General paperwork management of Church institutions: ordinances, regulations, correspondence materials of local ecclesial authorities, reports of Siberian metropolitans to the Synod, etc. The study approach and methodological tools made it possible to achieve the goal and solve the research problems. The study shows that after the reform of 1764, the Tobolsk Bishop's house lost its former land holdings for a certain period, and like other diocesan departments, it was transferred to the state allowance. Diocese abolition to the episcopate, which deprived the former political influence, certainly had negative features. However, in the 19th century, there can be seen a gradual way out of the situation and the former possessions and property return, which to some extent allows to return to the former position of a large feudal lord of Western Siberia.

scholarly journals Partisan Disagreements Arising from Rationalization of Common Information

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin E. Lauderdale
Keyword(s):  
The Political ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Experimental Demonstration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Common Information ◽  
Political World

Why do opposing partisans sometimes disagree about the facts and processes that are relevant to understanding political issues? One explanation is that citizens may have a psychological tendency toward adopting beliefs about the political world that rationalize their partisan preferences. Previous quantitative evidence for rationalization playing a role in explaining partisan factual disagreement has come from cross-sectional covariation and from correction experiments. In this paper, I argue that these rationalizations can occur as side effects when citizens change their attitudes in response to partisan cues and substantively relevant facts about a political issue. Following this logic, I motivate and report the results of a survey experiment that provides US Republicans and Democrats with information that they will be inclined to rationalize in different ways, because they have different beliefs about which political actors they should agree with. The results are a novel experimental demonstration that partisan disagreements about the political world can arise from rationalization.

The Oxford Handbook of Nigerian Politics

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Sociopolitical Evolution ◽  
New Methodologies ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Rich History ◽  
Populous Country

The Oxford Handbook of Nigerian Politics offers a comprehensive analysis of Nigeria’s very rich history and ever-changing politics to its readers. It provides a deep understanding of Nigeria’s sociopolitical evolution and experience by covering a broad range of political issues and historical eras. The volume encompasses forty-four chapters organized thematically into essays covering history, political institutions, civil society, economic and social policy, identity and insecurity, and Nigeria in a globalized world. By identifying many of the classic debates in Nigerian politics, the chapters serve as an authoritative introduction to Africa’s most populous country. The chapters are interdisciplinary, introducing readers to classic debates and key research on Nigeria, as well as new methodologies, new data, and a compelling corpus of research questions for the next generation of researchers and readers interested in Africa.

Health and Sexuality

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayle Davis
Keyword(s):  
Female Sexuality ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Science And Society ◽  
Western History ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sexual Science ◽  
Historical Relationship ◽  
Medical Role ◽  
Male Sexualities

The concept of sexuality is being deployed as a prism through which a rich range of social, cultural, and political issues can be explored. This article considers the ways in which female and male sexualities have been constructed and problematized in modern Western history. The medical role is stressed, bearing in mind the ambivalent historical relationship that has existed between physicians, sexual science, and society. With reference to the ‘double standard’, this article shows how female sexuality has been particularly prone to pathologization and psychiatrization when believed to drift from the marital or reproductive ideal. Social and political concerns surrounding sexually transmitted diseases are discussed as they are seen to both reflect and reinforce society's most fundamental assumptions and fears surrounding sexuality and disease. The questions that this article seeks to answer are arguably of increasing relevance to modern Western society.

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