scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Malnutrition in Patients with Intracranial Infections at Sanglah Hospital Denpasar

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 044-050
Author(s):  
Ayu Diah Perdana Paramita ◽  
I Gusti Ngurah Made Suwarba ◽  
Dewi Sutriani Mahalini ◽  
I Gusti Lanang Sidiartha
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Intracranial Infection ◽  
Affect Body Weight ◽  
Intracranial Infections

Malnutrition is a major health problem in developing countries, it can occur acutely, chronically or combination of both. Malnutrition aggravates the condition of infectious diseases, including intracranial infections. Hereby we aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with malnutrition in pediatric patients with intracranial infections in Sanglah Central General Hospital. This cross-sectional analytic study was conducted in patients with final diagnosis intracranial infection whom were treated from January 2019 to March 2021. The study was conducted in pediatric patients aged 1 month-18 years old and patient would be excluded if had any of these conditions: 1) incomplete medical records, 2) discharge by his/her own request, 3) hydrocephalus for which VP shunt had not been performed, 4) diagnosis of tumor or mass that could affect body weight measurement. Secondary data such as weight/height for children <5 years and BMI/age for children >5 years were measured in growth curve by using the WHO Anthro application. Total samples were 83 children with predominance age group was 0-5 years old. Malnutrition was found in 48.1% patients. Chronic malnutrition was more common than acute malnutrition (32.5% vs. 31.3%). Age below 5 years has relationship with the incidence of acute malnutrition in pediatric patients with intracranial infection (p: 0.008, 95% CI: 0.076-0.675). The incidence of malnutrition in children with intracranial infections in Sanglah Hospital during January 2019 to March 2021 was 48.1%, and age < 5 years had significant relation to the incidence of malnutrition in children with intracranial infections.

scholarly journals Correlation of Platelet Count and Hematocrit Levels to the Severity of Dengue Hemmoraghic Fever Patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Salma Naqiyyah Tirtadevi ◽  
Rini Riyanti ◽  
Desie Dwi Wisudanti
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health

Dengue hemorraghic fever (DHF) is an infectious disease caused by the dengue virus and It is still be a major health problem in Southeast Asia, especially in Indonesia. Kabupaten Jember is still categorized as a dengue endemic area with its disease development expanding from year to year. This study aims to determine the correlation of platelet count and hematocrit levels to the severity of DHF patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember, as well as knowing whether the platelet count and hematocrit levels can be used as a predictive value for the severity of DHF patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. This study used an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional study design. The data of this study used secondary data from the medical records of DHF patients at RSD dr. Soebandi Jember. The results of this study with a total of 68 samples showed that there was a significant negative correlation between the platelet count to the severity of DHF patients (p = 0,000, r = -0,487). The hematocrit levels showed an insignificant and negative correlation to the severity of DHF patients (p = 0,658, r = -0,055). The platelet count can be used as a predictive value for the severity of DHF patients. Keywords: DHF, platelet count, hematocrit levels, severity of DHF patients  

Malnutrition: Already exist and is being overlooked?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Şule Gökçe ◽  
Aslı Aslan ◽  
Feyza Koç
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Acute Malnutrition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Healthy Growth

Background: Malnutrition is defined as deficiency and or imbalance of nutrients and energy and may produce a negative effect on the growth, maintenance, and specific functions of the body. This study purposed to determine the nutritional situation, to define the presence of malnutrition, to detect the deficiencies of micronutrients of the children admitted to a pediatric tertiary hospital. Methods: A retrospective, cross‑sectional, single unit-based study in pediatric patients admitted to the pediatric wards for differential diagnosis or treatment was conducted between November 2017 and December 2019. The anthropometric measurements were figured out on hospital admission of all pediatric patients. The pediatric patients diagnosed with malnutrition were assessed to detect their nutritional status/feeding habits and to identify any associated factors. Results: A total of 1206 children were hospitalized with an acute illness diagnosis and/or treatment during the study period. One hundred fifteen patients were noted to have malnutrition; acute malnutrition (wasting) (weight for height z-score < - 2 SDS) (n=51/115, 44.3%) and chronic malnutrition (stunted) (height-for-age < −2 SDS) was detected in 64/115 (55.7%) patients; the prevalence of wasting, and stunting was 4.2% and 5.3%, respectively. Conclusions: Our study suggests that it should be performed an assessment of nutritional status/ history and anthropometric measurements every admission to the hospital in order to provide healthy growth development in childhood, particularly under 2 of age and interventions should be strengthened for general child health.

scholarly journals Gambaran Isolat Bakteri Aerob Diare pada Anak yang Dirawat di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin Tahun 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Gusti Muhamma Edy Muttaqin ◽  
Edi Hartoyo ◽  
Dona Marisa
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Bacterial Isolate ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Abstract: Diarrhea is one of the major health problems in children, especially children under five in developing countries because the mortality and morbidity rate is still high. In the world, 4 to 6 million children die every year from diarrhea, most of these deaths occur in developing countries. In general, the cause of diarrhea can not be separated from the bacterial infection. Bacteria that cause diarrhea varies by age, place, and time. The purpose of this study is analyzing anaerobic bacterial isolate in patients hospitalized children with diarrhea in general hospital ulin Banjarmasin. This study was an observational study with cross sectional design. Types of bacteria in pediatric patients in hospitals Ulin Banjarmasin period August-October 2015 at most is Escherichia coli by 26 samples (72.22%), Salmonella typhi by 7 samples (19.44%), and Shigella sp by 3 samples (8, 33%). Keywords: aerobic bacterial isolate, hospitalized children, diarrhea Abstrak: Diare merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan utama pada anak terutama balita di negara berkembang karena angka kematian dan kesakitannya masih tinggi. Di dunia, sebanyak 4 sampai 6 juta anak meninggal tiap tahunnya karena diare, dimana sebagian besar kematian tersebut terjadi di negara berkembang. Pada umumnya penyebab diare tidak terlepas dari infeksi bakteri. Bakteri penyebab diare berbeda-beda berdasarkan umur, tempat, dan waktu. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk Mengidentifikasi isolat bakteri aerob diare pada pasien diare anak yang dirawat di RSUD Ulin Periode Agustus – November 2015. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel diambil adalah feses dari seluruh populasi anak penderita diare yang dirawat di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin dengan menggunakan metode total sampling. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa jenis isolat bakteri pada pasien anak di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin periode Agustus – Oktober 2015 dengan total 36 sampel paling banyak adalah Eschericia coli dengan jumlah 26 (72,22%) sampel, Salmonella typhi dengan jumlah 7 (19,44%) sampel, kemudian Shigella sp. 3 (8,33%) sampel. Kata-kata kunci: isolate bakteri aerob, anak yang dirawat, diare

scholarly journals Diabetes Risk by Length of Residence among Somali Women in Oslo Area

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdi A. Gele ◽  
Kjell Sverre Pettersen ◽  
Bernadette Kumar ◽  
Liv Elin Torheim
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Somali Women ◽  
Study Participants

Type 2 diabetes represents a major health problem worldwide, with immigrants strongly contributing to the increase in diabetes in many countries. Norway is not immune to the process, and immigrants in the country are experiencing an increase in the prevalence of diabetes after arrival. However, the dynamics of these transitions in relation to the duration of residence in the new environment in Norway are not clearly understood. From this background, a cross-sectional quantitative study using a respondent-driven sampling method was conducted among 302 Somali women living in Oslo area. The results show that 41% of the study participants will be at risk for developing diabetes in the coming 10 years, which coincides with 85% of the study participants being abdominally obese. Significant associations were found between years of stay in Norway and the risk for diabetes with those who lived in Norway >10 years, having twofold higher odds of being at risk for developing diabetes compared to those who lived in Norway ≤5 years (OR: 2.16, CI: 1.08–4.32). Understanding the mechanisms through which exposure to the Norwegian environment leads to higher obesity and diabetes risk may aid in prevention efforts for the rapidly growing African immigrant population.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Potential Drug–Drug Interaction Risk among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in a Spanish Hospital

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Gracia Santos-Díaz ◽  
Ana María Pérez-Pico ◽  
Miguel Ángel Suárez-Santisteban ◽  
Vanesa García-Bernalt ◽  
Raquel Mayordomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Drug Interactions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Spanish Hospital

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem worldwide and, in Spain, it is present in 15.1% of individuals. CKD is frequently associated with some comorbidities and patients need to be prescribed multiple medications. Polypharmacy increases the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). There are no published studies evaluating the prevalence of potential drug–drug interactions (pDDIs) among CKD patients in any European country. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence, pattern, and factors associated with pDDIs among CKD patients using a drug interactions program. An observational cross-sectional study was carried out at Plasencia Hospital, located in Spain. Data were collected among patients with CKD diagnoses and pDDIs were assessed by the Lexicomp® Drug Interactions platform. Data were obtained from 112 CKD patients. A total number of 957 prescribed medications were acknowledged, and 928 pDDIs were identified in 91% of patients. Age and concomitant drugs were significantly associated with the number of pDDIs (p < 0.05). According to the results, the use of programs for the determination of pDDIs (such as Lexicomp®) is recommended in the clinical practice of CKD patients in order to avoid serious adverse effects, as is paying attention to contraindicated drug combinations.

scholarly journals Gambaran Komplikasi Otitis Media Supuratif Kronis Tipe Bahaya di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Tahun 2017-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-402
Author(s):  
Lucinda Patesia Amada Rumadas ◽  
Jacky Munilson ◽  
Dian Pertiwi
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Intracranial Complications

Background. Atticoantral type of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) becomes a major health problem in developing countries. This condition has potential to be hard becaused complications that occur. Objective. This objectives of this study was to decribe atticoantral type complications CSOM at Dr M Djamil Hospital Padang years 2017-2019. Methode: This was a descriptive study using secondary data from medical record of patients diagnosed with atticoantral type CSOM at Dr M Djamil Hospital Padang periode 2017-2019. This study involved outpatients and inpatient with total subject 242 who qualify inclusion criteria. Sampling technic used total sampling technic Results. There are 242 cases atticoantral CSOM with the most age group years ˃10-20 and more men than woman. The Incidence of complications was founded to be 9,1% with the most intracranial complications age group years ˃20-30, while the most age group in intratemporal complications were years ˃10-20 and more experienced by men than women. Mortality rate was found 9,1% in intrakranial complications and no cases mortality rate in intratemporal complication. Conclusion. The incidence of compliations CSOM atticoantral type in RSUP Dr M Djamil still quite high.

scholarly journals Determination of antibiotic resistance of Salmonella isolated from pork, beef, and chicken meat at the retail markets in Hanoi

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-564
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thanh Viet ◽  
Nghiem Ngoc Minh ◽  
Vo Thi Bich Thuy
Keyword(s):  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Retail Meats ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
And Control

Salmonella resistance to antimicrobials is a major health problem in the world. Thus, we conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of Salmonella serovars isolates from retail meats in Ha Noi and their susceptibility to 8 antimicrobials commonly used in the treatment and growth promotion in domestic livestocks in Vietnam. Salmonella was detected in 25/90 (27.8%) samples. Nine different serovars were identified, including S. Typhimurium (44%), S. Derby (16%), S. Warragul, S. Indiana, S. Rissen (8%), and S. London, Meleagridis, Give, Assine (4%). S. Typhimurium (44 %) is the most prevalent types. Resistance to at least one antibiotic was showed in 13 strains (52%). All isolates were 44% (11/25) resistant to streptomycin and tetracycline, 32% (8/25) resistant to chloramphenicol. The multiple antimicrobial resistance accounted for 69.2% of isolates (9/13). All strains were susceptible to ceftazidime. This data indicated that the retail meats could constitute a source of human exposure to multidrug-resistant Salmonella and therefore could be considered a potential vehicle of resistant Salmonella foodborne diseases. There is an urgent need for surveillance and control programmes on Salmonella and use of antimicrobials in Vietnam to protect the health of consumers.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Behaviour Towards Tetanus Toxoid Immunisation in South-South, Nigeria: Findings from Antenatal Clinic Attendees

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias G. Abah ◽  
Otobong A. Asuquo ◽  
Emmanuel C Inyangetoh
Keyword(s):  
Tetanus Toxoid ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
The Third World ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Source Of Information

Tetanus infection has remained a major health problem in the third world countries despite the availability and accessibility of effective antibodies as vaccines. The knowledge of women about the diseases may affect their behavior with regards to prevention of the disease. This was a descriptive cross sectional study to assess the knowledge and behavior towards tetanus toxoid immunization by 252 antenatal clinic attendees in two health facilities Uyo metropolis. The majority of respondents had heard about Tetanus infection 247(98.1%) and tetanus toxoid (97.2%), with Health workers being the main source of information 213 (85.9%). Most, 228(90.5%) knew it is for prevention, while only 80 (31.7%) were aware 5 doses confer lifetime immunity.  Most of the women 236 (93.7%) had received at least a dose of TT; 123(52.1%) had up to 5 doses, while 184(78%) claimed they had completed the immunisation schedule. The commonest reason some had not received any was its not being offered to them (31.3%). There was a global positive attitude towards TT immunisation. The level of education but not age of respondents was statistically associated with being immunized (P=0.001).The study showed a fairly good awareness of tetanus infection and immunisation with   misconceptions and a good disposition unmatched by practice. There is therefore the need for proper health education especially on the number of doses, intervals/ schedules, the protection offered, as well as need for the evaluation of the content of health enlightenment information provided by health personnel to mothers attending ANCs

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Gallstone Pancreatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
Wulan Ayudyasari ◽  
Bennardus Philippi ◽  
Taslim Poniman ◽  
Rofi Yuldi Saunar
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gallstone Pancreatitis ◽  
Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Biliary Sepsis

Introduction.  Acute pancreatitis is a major health problem due to the serious complication and mortality. Annual incidence of acute pancreatitis vary from under 10 to 40 per 100.000 person per year. Gallstone and biliary sludge contributes about 30-65% of the cause of acute pancreatitis and usually diagnosed as biliary or gallstone pancreatitis. There is still no data concerning the prevalence, diagnosis and management of gallstone pancreatitis in Indonesia. Methods. The objective of this study is to know the prevalence and characteristic of diagnosis and management of gallstone pancreatitis in some hospitals in Jakarta. This is a descriptive cross sectional study using the data from medical record of acute pancreatitis and gallstone pancreatitis patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo, Fatmawati, and St Carolus Hospital in 2008-2012.  Results. There were 154 acute pancreatitis patients with only 22 (14,2%) patients diagnosed as having gallstone pancreatitis and 24 (15,5%) patients that met the criteria of gallstone pancreatitis but were not diagnosed as having one. On average, gallstone pancreatitis were diagnosed on the fifth day of hospitalization. Among 46 gallstone pancreatitis patients, only 6 (13%) patients had severity assessment. The most frequent examination used to explore the causes was abdominal ultrasound, performed in 37 (80,4%) patients.One (2,2%) patient had biliary sepsis and underwent internal drainage on day 15th. Only 10 (21,7%) patients underwent cholecystectomy. Three (8,3%) patients died, all before having cholecystectomy. Two (5,6%) patients that had not undergone cholecystectomy got readmitted to the hospital due to recurrent acute pancreatitis and pancreatic pseudocyst. Conclusion. From this study we can conclude that the diagnosis and management of gallstone pancreatitis still remain a challenge in Jakarta.  

Association of consanguineous marriages with congenital anomalies

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Naveed ◽  
Sajeeha Nadeem ◽  
Amber Hassan ◽  
Imrana Tanvir
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cousin Marriage ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Consanguineous Marriages ◽  
Married Individuals

Congenital anomalies are a major health problem all over the world; especially it is important cause ofdeaths and birth defects, chronic illness and disability in infants. The major cause of this isconsanguineous marriages. Generation of cousin marriages have significant association with congenitalanomalies Objective: To find out the association of consanguineous marriages with congenitalanomalies present at the time of birth Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at District HeadQuarter Hospital, Okara from May to August, 2018. 100 adult individuals aged between 19 to 55 years, withand without cousin marriage of both genders were consecutively enrolled. Participants were assessedthrough pre-tested questionnaire, with prior written informed consent. Unwilling married individuals andindividuals from other hospitals were not selected Results: According to results there was a significantassociation between generation of cousin marriages with congenital anomalies present at the time ofbirth , as p value was 0.002 Conclusions: Study concluded that the generation of cousin marriages hassignificant association with congenital anomalies present at the time of birth and due to cousin marriage59% of the couples had congenital abnormalities in their children and 85% had genetic disorders.

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