scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF FEEDING DRY BREWERS GRAINS TO REPAIR HEIFERS OF THE JERSEY BREED

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
A. A. Veres ◽  
M. M. Kryvyi ◽  
V. P. Slavov ◽  
Yu. P. Polupan ◽  
V. G. Кеbkо ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Group ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Joint Stock Company ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Chest Girth

Introduction. An important reserve for increasing the profitability and competitiveness of livestock production would be solving the problem of feed protein deficiency in animal feeding. Significant contribution to the solution of this problem can be made by using high-protein waste of oil extraction (meal, cake), alcohol (bard), brewing (brewers grains) industries for feeding purposes. Since the liquid brewers grains is poorly preserved and easily spoiled, especially during the summer, and its transportation over long distances requires large costs, in this regard, there is a current problem of drying the liquid brewers grains and its usage as a high-protein fodder for feeding animals in dry form as part of animal mixed fodder. The purpose of our research is to study the effectiveness of feeding dry brewers grains to repair heifers of the Jersey breed. Research materials and methods. Research on the feeding dry brewers grains effectiveness was carried out on repair heifers of the Jersey breed at the age from 2 to 12 months on the basis of the farm SE “Dan-milk” in Cherniakhiv district of Zhytomyr region. Dry brewers grains produced by private joint-stock company (PJSC) “Obolon” were used for the research. Research result. The content of crude protein in 1 kg of dry brewers grains, which was used in scientific and economic research, was 24.46%, or 244.6 g per 1 kg of dry brewers grains. In order to study the effectiveness of feeding dry brewers grains, three groups of repair heifers of the Jersey breed were formed for the research, 8 heads each, according to the following scheme: one control group of repair heifers, and the other two were research groups. According to the research scheme, the control group of repair heifers received a standard grain mixture without dry brewers grains. The difference in the feeding of repair heifers of research groups consisted in different levels of feeding dry brewers grains, which was included in the grain mix of the II research group in the amount of 15%, and the III research group - in the amount of 20%. As a result of the research, there was an increase in the average daily gains of the II research group heifers, which ration included 15% of dry brewers grains in the mixture composition: for the period from 2 until 6 months – up to 0.811 kg against 0.786 kg, for a period from 6 until 12 months – up to 0.671 kg against 0.657 kg, for a period from 2 until 12 months – up to 0.727 kg against 0.709 kg in the control group. At the age from 9 and 12 months of cultivation of repair heifers of the II research group, which grain mixture included 15% of dry brewers grains, there was a tendency of the main body measurements increase: height at the withers, chest girth and oblique torso length, compared with the repair heifers of the control group. In heifers of the III research group, which ration included 20% of dry brewers grains of the grain mixture, the main body measurements were lower than in heifers of the control and II research groups. While studding main hematological indicators of the repair heifers of the control and research groups at the age of 6 and 12 months of cultivation, it was found that the inclusion of 15% of dry brewers grains in the grain mixture of the ration of the repair heifers of the II research group improved their passage of biosynthetic processes and the use of nitrogen, which indicates a tendency to increase in their blood total protein content compared to the control group primarily due to globulins, which indicates an improvement of immune-protective properties in the heifers of this group. The increase in the content of total protein and globulins against the control group in the heifers of the III research group, grain mixture for which included 20% of dry brewers grains, was manifested to a lesser degree. Summary. The inclusion of dry brewers grains in the grain mixture of the rations of repair heifers of the Jersey breed of the II research group in the amount of 15% of the total weight of the grain mixture, provided an increase in their average daily gains compared to the repair heifers of the control group and amounted to for the period from 2 until 6 months – 3.2%, for the period from 6 until 12 months – 2.1%, for the period from 2 until 12 months –2.6% with a tendency to increase the main measurements at the age of 9 months: height at the withers up to 104.0 cm against 103.5 cm, chest girth – 142.8 cm against 141.4 cm, oblique torso length – 131.8 cm against 131.4 cm in the control group.

scholarly journals Вплив клозаверму А та катозалу на показники протеїнсинтезувальної функції печінки корів за експериментального фасціольозу, сенсибілізованих атиповими мікобактеріями

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (73) ◽  
pp. 122-125
Author(s):  
O. Kulyaba ◽  
V. Stybel ◽  
B. Gutyj
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
A Value ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Physiological Values ◽  
The Impact

The article contains the results of research the impact of Fasciolosis and mycobacteriosis,the indicators of protein synthesizing function of cows liver. Fasciola and mycobacteria inhibit protein synthesizing function of liver, as indicated by the reduction in their blood level of total protein and albumin fraction. The data indicate hepatotropic of the toxin F. Hepatica and mycobacteria, because namely liver serves as a support of dynamic substances equilibrium of blood plasma. Increasing the level of globulin in the blood serum of cows by association of fasciolosis and mycobacteriosis reflects the intensity of inflammatory processes in animal organism caused by infection of these diseases.Application of closaverm A and catosal to research cows promotes restoration protein synthesizing function of liver. It was found that after application to cows from the first research group for the treatment of closaverm A by 14 and 21 days of level of total protein in the blood serum was gradually increased, but did not reach physiological values. Applying both closaverm A and catosal, was set a slightly higher level of total protein, that at the 28th day of the experiment reached physiological values and therefore amounted to 70.30 ± 1.5 g/l. For the study the level of albumin in the blood of research group, which were used drugs combined, was set its increase already from 7 day of experiment. Significant increase of albumin level in the blood of experimental animals is seeing on the 14th day of the experiment, where appropriate it was within 41.90 ± 1.5 g/l. On the 28th day of the experiment the levels of globulin in the blood of experimental group of animals, which were used closaverm A and catosal, was lower by 11% compared to the control group of animals in specified period of the experiment.Cows treated with closaverm A, value of the coefficient A/T was gradually returned to normal. However, at the 28th day of the experiment has remained at 16% less than the initial values, taken before infestation. Application of closaverm A and catosal to experimental animals contributed to increasing the coefficient of A/T. So at 21st and 28th days of the experiment it was higher than in the control group of cows at 60 and 46%.

THE PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF HYBRID PIGLETS AT GROWING WHEN USING BETAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 242-247
Author(s):  
R. Chudak
Keyword(s):  
Research Group ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Optimal Amount ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Daily Gain

The results of studies of the productive characteristics of hybrid piglets at growing with the addition of different amount of the feed additive betaine into the diet are given. During the equalizing period the productive characteristics of animals in research groups were close to the animals in the control group, their average daily gains range of 248-250 g and the absolute gain is from 71.6 to 72.3 kg. However, the introduction of betaine into the diet in the amount of 1 kg per 1 ton of feed increased the consumption of feed by 4.18% in the third research group of animals. It is established that when using the feed additive betaine in the pigs’diet, the highest characteristics of growth were observed in the third research group of animals, where the average daily gain was 743 g and the absolute one - 378.8 kg. Throughout the period of research the piglets’ survival was 100%. The optimal amount of betaine for feeding piglets at growing is established. It is 1 kg per 1 ton of feed.

scholarly journals Productive effect of different amounts of triticale grain on reproductive parameters of the rabbits and quality of the offspring

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (89) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
H. M. Sedilo ◽  
I. S. Luchyn ◽  
M. V. Hryniv ◽  
L. M. Darmohray ◽  
J. I. Pivtorak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Group ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Mixed Feed ◽  
Structural Content ◽  
Different Content ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Reproductive Indices

According to the experiment, the productive effect of different amounts of grain of the triticale of Harroz variety in feed for the reproductive indices of feeding rabbits was established. According to the tasks assigned, five groups of nursing rabbits were selected and formed according to the principle of analogues. To feed the experimental nursing rabbits, a full granulated mixed feed was used in the structure of which there was a different content of triticale grain: II research group – 10.0%, III, IV and V research groups - 20.0%, 30.0% and 40.0% respectively . Nursing rabbits of the 1st control group were fed full-fat mixed fodders, which were balanced for the main nutrients, but did not contain triticale grain. In the study of the multiplicity of feeding rabbits with different contents of crushed grain of the triticale of the Harroz variety, it was higher in the 3rd and 4th experimental groups (in the ration of 20 and 30% of the crushed grain of triticale) with an index of 8.0–8.2 heads (P < 0.05). The large-fruited index predominated in the nursing rabbits of the 4th experimental group and amounted to 65 g; in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 5th groups it was 62, 63, 64, and 61g. The amount of milk of nursing rabbits is an indicator that positively correlates with fecundity, the weight of rabbits at birth (large-fruited), the preservation of the nest. Milk index was also the best in nursing rabbits of the 4th group and amounted to 2.83 kg, which is 0.09–0.24 kg more than in all other groups (P < 0.01). By the number of rabbits with weaning at 35 days, the fourth group of nursing rabbits predominated, this index was 7.1 g. The average live weight of one head during separation was higher by 40–50 g in the 3rd and 4th test groups compared to the first control group and amounted to 0.75 and 0.76 kg (P < 0.05). According to preliminary indications, the best nest weight in weaning during 35 days was the nursing rabbits of the 4th group – 5.36 kg, which is 0.47 kg higher than the control (P < 0.05). The highest percentage of conservation of rabbits before weaning at 35-day-old age was observed in groups 3, 4 and 5, and was at the level of 94.59; 93.42; 97.1%. It was found that the structure of the ration of nursing rabbits with a content of crushed grain of triticale of Harroz 20, 30 and 40% was significantly influenced the preservation of the nest. The index – the index of the reproductive qualities of feeding rabbits (IVKK), based on the indicators of large-fruited, milk and number of rabbits with weaning (35 days) was higher in feeding rabbits of 3rd and 4th groups and amounted to 126.4 and 128.8. The maximum reproductive indices of feeding rabbits provided a structural content in the diet of 30% of the crushed grain of the triticale of the Harroz variety (the fourth research group). The ration (30% of the triticale crushed grain) ensured the growth of the multiplicity by 8.5%, the size of the fetus by 5%, the milkness of the rabbits by 9%, the weight of the nest at weaning at 35 days old by 9.6%, and the complex index of IVKK by 6.5%.

scholarly journals PROGNOSTIC INDICES OF PATHOLOGICAL TOOTH WEAR DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1345-1349
Author(s):  
Svetlana A. Pavlenko ◽  
Elena V. Pavlenkova ◽  
Irina. M. Tkachenko ◽  
Alla I. Sidorova ◽  
Dmytro M. Korol
Keyword(s):  
Research Group ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Tooth Wear ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Muscle System

The aim: To study possibilities of prognosis of pathological wear of tooth hard tissues development depending on the functional activity of masticatory muscles. Materials and methods: In order to achieve the goal of the study, a survey of patients at the age of 19 to 69 years was conducted for precision of number of persons who have increased tooth wear. During the examination of all patients, three groups were selected: control and two researched ones. Patients in the control group (30 patients between the age of 18 and 60 years old) had an intact dentition without any visible sign of increased tooth wear. The researched groups included 25 patients aged from 18 to 60 years old. The second research group included patients who had increased tooth wear of I-III level. The children of the patients of the II group with or without any sign of increased tooth wear were referred to the third research group. Results: The method of electromyography was performed for the study of peculiarities of the muscular activity of the maxillofacial area of the patients of the control and research groups. In our opinion, all manifestations of increased tooth wear are related to changes in the muscle system, the motor apparatus and the nervous activity of an organism. Conclusions: The study of direct muscular apparatus and related bone system may predict the possibility of developing of an increased tooth wear of young patients in the future and prevent its development, as well as to justify the application of a prevention and treatment plan of the studied pathology.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE NEUROTROPIC-METABOLIC MEDICINES ON THE SOW’S PROLIFICACY

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 267-275
Author(s):  
O. S. Pilipchuk ◽  
V. I. Sheremeta ◽  
V. G. Kaplunenko
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Newborn Piglets ◽  
Experimental Group

Modern pork production technologies are aimed at obtaining maximum productivity data, which are an indicator of the effectiveness of pig industry in general. The aim of the research was to develop a biotechnological method of increase of prolificacy of sows with 1 and 2 farrowing, using biologically active medicines of the neurotropic-metabolic action – Glyutam 1M and Nanovulin-BA. On the day of weaning, all the experimental sows were injected with vitamins Introvit in a dose of 10 ml/head. The sows in the research groups received Glutam 1M and Nanovulin-BA for three days in the morning in stern balls, which contained 100 grams of feed and 20 ml of medicine. The sows of the II and III experimental groups received Glutam 1M starting from the day of weaning. Nanovulin-BA was fed to the sows of the III and IV research groups at 0-2 day of sexual cycle. The females of the control group were fed by 20 ml of saline during these periods of reproductive cycle. In the II and III research groups the live weight of hypertrophous and normal piglets was bigger compared with the control one by 7.7%, 9.2% and 9.7%, 8.6% respectively. The weight of hypertrophous animals of the I group exceeded data of the control one within the error, while the weight of normal piglets was higher by 11.5%. The increase in live weight of hypertrophous and normal piglets of sows in the II and III research groups contributed to the significant increase of the total weight of newborn piglets by 26.3% and 26.3% (in comparison with the control group). In the I research group, it increased by 27.1%, mainly due to normal piglets’ weight and therefore was not likely. The influence of Glyutam 1M and Nanovulin-BA on the prolificacy of sows was analyzed, taking into account that the experimental groups were formed from sows with two different farrowing – 1 and 2. Live weight of the hypertrophous piglets of the sows from the I group after the 1 farrowing was higher by 8.8%, compared to animals which had 2 farrowing. Live weight of hypertrophous and normal piglets in both subgroups was almost at the same level, while the total weight of piglets from the animals with 2 farrowing was higher than from females with 1 farrowing by 10.7%. Total weight of newborn piglets from the sows in group III with 2 farrowing increased compared to the animals with 1 farrowing by 16.1%. Comparative analysis of the influence of sows’ age on live weight of piglets showed, that the live weight of normal piglets in the I experimental group with 2 farrowing was higher by 11% compared to the control one of the same age (with 2 farrowing). Total live weight of piglets in the I experimental group with 1 and 2 farrowing was higher by 23.0% and 26.8% compared to the control group of animals of the same age. In the II experimental group live weight of normal piglets from sows with 1 and 2 farrowing increased by 11% and 7.4% respectively in comparison with animals of the same age in the control group. Total live weight of newborn piglets in the II experimental group increased by 28.0% and 24.8% respectively compared to the animals of the same age of control group (1 and 2 farrowing). The live weight of hypertrophous piglets from experimental group III (2 farrowing) was higher by 15.1%. The injections of biologically active medicines during insemination of sows in the group III contributed to the increase of live weight of normal piglets (sows with 1 and 2 farrowing) compared with the control one by 11% and 8% respectively. In the III group of animals with 2 farrowing the total weight of newborn piglets increased significantly by 29.6% compared to control animals of the same age (with 2 farrowing). Analyzing live weight of hypertrophous piglets it should be noted, that in the control group of sows with 1 farrowing this category of piglets was absent. While control females with 2 farrowing and animals of the research group, regardless of their age, showed, that the live weight of hypertrophous piglets was almost at the same level. Comparative analysis between groups showed, that the live weight of hypertrophous and normal piglets in the I experimental group was higher in comparison with the control one by 14.1% and 11.5% respectively. Weight of hypertrophous piglets from females of the I experimental group was the same compared to the control one. While the weight of normal piglets increased by 10% compared to the control group. Injections of theneurotropic-metabolic medicines to the sows of the II and III research groups helped to increase the prolificacy by 15.1% and 9.2% and 12.2% and 9.9%. The live weight of normal piglets in the II and III research groups was higher by 8% and 9.2% respectively. Іn this way, the injections of biologically active medicine Glyutam 1M for 3 days after the weaning cause an increase in live weight of newborn piglets by 14.1%. Feeding females with Glyutam 1M and Nanovulin-BA at one time helped to increase live weight of piglets by 13%, and the injections of Nanovulin-BA only – by 11.8%. Injections of neurotropic-metabolic medicines with biologically active action on different schemes of their use cause the tendency to increase the live weight of both sexes embryos in the prenatal period up to 2 kg for sows of the 1 and 2 farrowing.

Effect of opioid peptides on liver function after patial hepatectomy

2018 ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
А.В. Солин ◽  
А.Ю. Ляшев ◽  
Ю.Д. Ляшев
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Partial Hepatectomy ◽  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Pronounced Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peptide Molecule ◽  
Selective Agonists

Цель исследования - сравнительный анализ влияния селективных агонистов отдельных классов опиоидных рецепторов на белковосинтетическую функцию печени, развитие цитолитического и холестатического синдромов у крыс, подвергшихся частичной гепатэктомии. Методика. Работа выполнена на 152 крысах-самцах Вистар массой 200-250 г. Частичную гепатэктомию выполняли по методу, описанному Higgins G.M. и Anderson R.M. с удалением 70% ткани печени. В плазме крови определяли концентрации общего белка, альбуминов, общего билирубина, активность аланинтрансаминазы (АЛТ), аспартаттрансаминазы (АСТ), лактатдегидрогеназы (ЛДГ) традиционными методами. Опиоиды: DAGO в дозе 6,3 мкг/кг, DSLET в дозе 10,0 мкг/кг, динорфин А (1-13) в дозе 20,1 мкг/кг, вводили внутрибрюшинно ежедневно 1 раз в сутки в течение 5 сут. эксперимента в объеме 0,2 мл. Контрольным животным аналогично вводили физраствор. Результаты. Удаление 70% ткани печени у крыс-самцов Вистар сопровождается развитием печеночной недостаточности, проявляющейся гипербилирубинемией, гипоальбуминемией, гипопротеинемией, повышением активности трансаминаз и лактатдегидрогеназы. Применение селективных агонистов опиоидных рецепторов у крыс, которым моделировали частичную гепатэктомию, оказывало гепатопротективное действие и снижало выраженность проявлений печеночной недостаточности, начиная с 3-х сут. после резекции. Активность трансаминаз, лактатдегидрогеназы и концентрация общего билирубина у животных, которым вводили опиоиды, были существенно ниже, чем в контрольной группе. Содержание общего белка и альбуминов было статистически значимо выше в группах, которые получали исследованные пептиды, по сравнению с контрольной группой на 7-е сут. после частичной гепатэктомии. Наиболее выраженное действие проявлял селективный агонист опиоидных мю-рецепторов DAGO. По нашему мнению, такое влияние пептидов объясняется присущими им антиоксидантным и антигипоксическим эффектами, что снижает повреждающее действие оперативного вмешательства на печень. Более выраженное влияние DAGO связано, по-видимому, с особенностями распределения опиоидных рецепторов или устойчивостью пептида к действию эндопептидаз благодаря модификациям в молекуле пептида. Заключение. Применение опиоидов стимулирует восстановление функциональной активности печени после частичной гепатэктомии. Наибольший эффект отмечается при введении мю-агониста DAGO. Aim. The aim of the study was to compare effects of selective agonists of opioid receptors from different classes on the protein-synthesizing function of liver and development of cytolytic and cholestatic syndromes in rats after partial hepatectomy. Methods. The study was conducted on 152 Wistar male rats weighing 200-250 g. The animals were subjected to partial hepatectomy according to the Higgins and Anderson method. Concentrations of total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, and activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase were measured in plasma using standard methods. The opioids, DAGO (6.3 mg/kg), DSLET (10.0 mg/kg), and dynorphin A (1-13) (20.1 mg/kg), were injected in 0.2 ml of saline daily for 5 days. Control animals were injected with 0.2 ml of saline for 5 days. Results. Resection of 70% of liver tissue resulted in development of liver failure as evidenced by hyperbilirubinemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypoproteinemia, and increased transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase activities. Selective agonists of opioid receptors administered to the rats after partial hepatectomy exerted a hepatoprotective effect and alleviated the signs of liver failure beginning from the 3 day after resection. Transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase activities were significantly lower in opioid-treated rats than in the control group. Levels of total protein and albumins were significantly higher in the groups injected with the study peptides compared to the control group on the 7 day after partial hepatectomy. The selective agonist of opioid m-receptors, DAGO, exerted the most pronounced effect. Apparently, the similar effects of peptides were due to their antioxidant and anti-hypoxic action, which alleviated the detrimental effect of liver surgery. The more pronounced effect of DAGO apparently resulted from peculiarities of opioid receptors distribution or peptide resistance to endopeptidase action due to modifications of the peptide molecule. Conclusion. Administration of opioids stimulated restoration of liver functional activity after partial hepatectomy. Injections of the m-agonist, DAGO, produced the most pronounced effect.

Alteration in the oxidative status of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) fed with a diet containing Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Eda Güneş
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carbonyl Content ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Dried Extract

Abstract The aim of the this study was to evaluate the effects of fresh, dried and freeze-dried Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae) on the oxidant and antioxidant status of the model organism D. melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) experimentally. The study was carried out from 2016 to 2019, and plant leaf extracts (0-50 mg/l) were added to insect standard artificial diets. The total protein, protein carbonyl content and glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were quantified at the insect’s third larval stage. Our data showed that protein carbonyl content varied from 2.70 nmol/mg protein in the control group to 59.11 nmol/mg protein in the group fed with fresh leaf extract signifying induction of oxidative stress. All extracts increased the levels of all antioxidant enzymes and decreased the amounts of total protein. Meanwhile, the group fed with the freeze-dried extract showed no significant difference in the levels of total protein and protein carbonyl content except at the 50 mg/l concentration of the extract. Moreover, this group had superoxide dismutase and catalase activities 4 to 5 times higher than in the control group. In conclusion, induction of oxidative stress indicates that the fresh form of C. depressa leaves may have potential as a natural pesticide, whereas induction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes by the freeze-dried extract suggest its potential as an antioxidant.

Glycine and L-Arginine supplementation ameliorates gastro-duodenal toxicity in a rat model of NSAID (Diclofenac)-gastroenteropathy via inhibition of oxidative stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinleye Stephen Akinrinde ◽  
Halimot Olawalarami Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Significant Amelioration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Objectives This study examined the possible protective roles of exogenous glycine (Gly) and L-Arginine (l-Arg) against Diclofenac (DIC)-induced gastro-duodenal damage in rats. Methods Rats were divided into Group A (control), Group B (DIC group) and Groups C–F which were pre-treated for five days with Gly1 (250 mg/kg), Gly2 (500 mg/kg), l-Arg1 (200 mg/kg) and l-Arg2 (400 mg/kg), respectively, before co-treatment with DIC for another three days. Hematological, biochemical and histopathological analyses were then carried out. Results DIC produced significant (p<0.05) reduction in PCV (13.82%), Hb (46.58%), RBC (30.53%), serum total protein (32.72%), albumin (28.44%) and globulin (38.01%) along with significant (p<0.05) elevation of serum MPO activity (83.30%), when compared with control. In addition, DIC increased gastric H2O2 and MDA levels by 33.93 and 48.59%, respectively, while the duodenal levels of the same parameters increased by 19.43 and 85.56%, respectively. Moreover, SOD, GPx and GST activities in the DIC group were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the stomach (21.12, 24.35 and 51.28%, respectively) and duodenum (30.59, 16.35 and 37.90%, respectively), compared to control. Treatment with Gly and l-Arg resulted in significant amelioration of the DIC-induced alterations although l-Arg produced better amelioration of RBC (29.78%), total protein (10.12%), albumin (9.93%) and MPO (65.01%), compared to the DIC group. The protective effects of both amino acids against oxidative stress parameters and histological lesions were largely similar. Conclusions The data from this study suggest that Gly or l-Arg prevented DIC-induced gastro-duodenal toxicity and might, therefore be useful in improving the therapeutic index of DIC.

Alaskan moose measurements and weights and measurement–weight relationships

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert W. Franzmann ◽  
Robert E. LeResche ◽  
Robert A. Rausch ◽  
John L. Oldemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Chest Girth ◽  
Hind Foot ◽  
Alces Alces Gigas

A total of 1329 Alaskan moose (Alces alces gigas) were measured for total length, 1340 for chest girth, 1317 for hind foot, 618 for shoulder height, and 1219 for ear length. Five hundred and four moose were weighed. These data were classified by sex, age, month sampled, and location. Growth rates were plotted and discussed. No morphometric differences were detected by sex and location classifications up to age 36 months. Location differences were detected which corresponded to general condition, productivity, and condition related blood parameters of the populations. Seasonal weight patterns demonstrated increases from 21 to 55% from spring to late fall. Measurements, particularly total lengths, were better indicators of growth rate than were weights. All body measurements were significantly correlated with weight: total length, r (correlation coefficient) = 0.94; chest girth, r = 0.90; shoulder height, r = 0.87; and hind foot, r = 0.81. Combined sex regression equations were derived because the slight differences between the male and female regression lines were unimportant in field application. These regression equations were as follows: weight (kilograms) = −239.7 + 2.07(total length); weight (kilograms) = −245.3 + 3.14(chest girth).

scholarly journals Biological characterization of implant surfaces - in vitro study

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira Soares ◽  
Camilla Christian Gomes Moura ◽  
Huberth Alexandre da Rocha Júnior ◽  
Paula Dechichi ◽  
Darceny Zanetta-Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Cell Attachment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Trypan Blue Exclusion ◽  
Experimental Surface

<title>Abstract</title><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Evaluate the biological performance of titanium alloys grade IV under different surface treatments: sandblasting and double etching (Experimental surface 1; Exp1, NEODENT); surface with wettability increase (Experimental surface 2; Exp2, NEODENT) on response of preliminary differentiation and cell maturation.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and method</title><p>Immortalized osteoblast cells were plated on Exp1 and Exp2 titanium discs. The polystyrene plate surface without disc was used as control group (C). Cell viability was assessed by measuring mitochondrial activity (MTT) at 4 and 24 h (n = 5), cell attachment was performed using trypan blue exclusion within 4 hours (n = 5), serum total protein and alkaline phosphatase normalization was performed at 4, 7 and 14 days (n = 5). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey test.</p></sec><sec><title>Result</title><p>The values of cell viability were: 4h: C– 0.32±0.01<sup>A</sup>; Exp1– 0.34±0.08<sup>A</sup>; Exp2– 0.29±0.03<sup>A</sup>. 24h: C– 0.43±0.02<sup>A</sup>; Exp1– 0.39±0.01<sup>A</sup>; Exp2– 0.37±0.03<sup>A</sup>. The cell adhesion counting was: C– 85±10<sup>A</sup>; Exp1- 35±5<sup>B</sup>; Exp2– 20±2<sup>B</sup>. The amounts of serum total protein were 4d: C– 40±2<sup>B</sup>; Exp1– 120±10<sup>A</sup>; Exp2– 130±20<sup>A</sup>. 7d: C– 38±2<sup>B</sup>; Exp1– 75±4<sup>A</sup>; Exp2– 70±6<sup>A</sup>. 14 d: C– 100±3<sup>A</sup>; Exp1– 130±5<sup>A</sup>; Exp2– 137±9<sup>A</sup>. The values of alkaline phosphatase normalization were: 4d: C– 2.0±0.1<sup>C</sup>; Exp1– 5.1±0.8<sup>B</sup>; Exp2– 9.8±2.0<sup>A</sup>. 7d: C– 1.0±0.01<sup>C</sup>; Exp1– 5.3±0.5<sup>A</sup>; Exp2– 3.0±0.3<sup>B</sup>. 14 d: C– 4.1±0.3<sup>A</sup>; Exp1– 4.4±0.8<sup>A</sup>; Exp2– 2.2±0.2<sup>B</sup>. Different letters related to statistical differences.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>The surfaces tested exhibit different behavior at dosage of alkaline phosphatase normalization showing that the Exp2 is more associated with induction of cell differentiation process and that Exp1 is more related to the mineralization process.</p></sec>

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