scholarly journals Events of the Ukrainian Revolution in 1917 – 1921s in Podillya in the Researches of Professor Mykola Kravets

2021 ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
Yurii Zinko ◽  
◽  
Oleksandr Kravchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Revolutionary Era ◽  
Local Newspapers ◽  
Political Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ukrainian Society

The purpose of the article is to cover the events of military-political, social, economic life in Podillya during the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917 – 1921 and to represent his view on the significance of events, ideas, people and institutions based on the analysis of scientific research, creative heritage of Professor Mykola Kravets. in the process of creating the Ukrainian state. The research methodology is based on the study and critical analysis of scientific and historical-journalistic works of Mykola Kravets. The application of universal research principles of historicism, scientific objectivity and systematics allowed, based on the representation of the regional situation in the Podolsk region, to analyze the main milestones of the process of Ukrainian state formation of this period. The scientific novelty of the study is that the works of Professor Mykola Kravets, who was among the first Ukrainian scholars at the beginning 1990s to study the history of the Ukrainian Revolution, demonstrate the conceptual integrity of understanding the events of the revolution and show that it was based on democratic values and the idea of Ukrainian statehood. It was found that in the first years of Ukraine's independence he managed to accumulate significant, previously inaccessible for study factual material, including materials of local newspapers of 1917 – 1921s, and to prepare a number of studies on military and political events of this historical period in Podolia. Also presenting large-scale military battles in Vinnytsia, the author proves that they are evidence of the struggle of the Ukrainian People's Republic against non-Ukrainian armies and considers the Ukrainian anti-Bolshevik uprisings as a war against a foreign alien conqueror. Mykola Kravets's works are distinguished by balanced historical assessments of the actions of individuals of the revolutionary era, analysis of the causes of the defeat of the Ukrainian revolution and its impact on the future of the Ukrainian people. Conclusions. The creative heritage of Professor Kravets MM provides an understanding of the events of the Ukrainian Revolution of 1917 – 1921s, in which the author proceeded from the state approach, sought to demonstrate the ability of people to organize on the ground. development and protection of the Ukrainian state. The Ukrainian revolution was defeated, did not achieve its ultimate goal, but it internally reborn Ukrainian society and became a source of spiritual strength in the further struggle for Ukrainian statehood and independence.

scholarly journals Scared “by Novels” Muse: About the Work of the Siberian Poet and Novelist V. V. Kuritsyn (“Ne-Krestovsky”)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-105
Author(s):  
M. V. Mogilatova ◽  
N. V. Zhilyakova
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Gold Mines ◽  
Local Newspapers ◽  
Fallen Women ◽  
Literary Heritage ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
Adventure Novels

The article examines the literary heritage of the Tomsk poet and fiction writer Valentin Vladimirovich Kuritsyn, the author of adventure novels, satirical works, and poems. Biographical information about Kuritsyn is very scarce. It is known that he was born in the city of Barnaul, Tomsk province on July 28, 1879, was educated at the Barnaul Mining School, then worked in private gold mines, due to health problems he moved to Tomsk for permanent residence, where he began to work in the management of the Siberian Iron roads. On January 18, 1911, he died of consumption at the age of just over 30. In Tomsk, Kuritsyn was published in local newspapers and magazines: “Sibirskii nablyudatel”, “Sibirskie otgoloski”, “Sibirskii Vestnik”, as well as in satirical magazines of the period of the First Russian Revolution. Fame and success brought him adventure novels, which he signed with the pseudonym “Ne-Krestovsky”. This pseudonym and the title of the first novel – “Tomskie trushchoby” – referred the reader to the famous novel “Peterburgskie trushchoby” by Vsevolod Krestovsky. But “Tomskie trushchoby” was not a parody or a continuation: it is an independent work that described the everyday life of the Tomsk criminal world, the life of swindlers, criminals, thieves, and fallen women. Kuritsyn’s novel was published in 1907–1908 in the newspaper “Sibirskie otgoloski”, and then was released as a separate book, the circulation of which was immediately sold out. After that, the same newspaper published novels in which all the same heroes acted: “Chelovek v maske” and “V pogone za millionami.” The novels of “Ne-Krestovsky” opened a new page in the history of Siberian literature. They represented a new kind of Siberian “newspaper novel” – criminal, adventure, adventurous, with elements of mysticism. These novels were extremely popular among the general public. At the same time, the novels were heavily criticized by leading Siberian writers and journalists. modern literary discourse allows one to take a fresh, unbiased look at the novels of Ne-Krestovsky, to open in them a connection with the world literary tradition of the adventure novel, with great success deployed on local Siberian material. Kuritsyn was not appreciated by his contemporaries, but after a century it becomes clear that he can rightfully be attributed to the large-scale literary figures of Siberia, worthy of research attention.

scholarly journals Finnish Maritime Archaeology through its Publications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Ilves ◽  
◽  
Marko Marila ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Maritime Archaeology ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
International Visibility ◽  
History Of ◽  
Heritage Discourse

This article analyses Finnish maritime archaeology through a compiled bibliography of 621 scientific and popular works published between 1942–2020. General trends and turning points in the history of the discipline are identified and discussed vis-a-vis temporal and topical foci discerned in the publications. Special attention is drawn to the concentration in Finnish research on shipwrecks from the historical period, and the low international visibility of scientific production is problematised. While large-scale projects have been carried out in Finnish maritime archaeology, knowledge production within the authorised heritage discourse in particular has aimed to fulfil the needs of local and national rather than international audiences. Our compiled bibliography, which is hereby made available to the wider research community, has potential to become a valuable tool for identifying and developing future research areas.

scholarly journals Moscow Kingdom and Cossack-Polish confrontation in Ukraine, 1591–1638

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 5-30
Author(s):  
Andrii BOLIANOVSKYI
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Central Eastern Europe ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Territorial Unit ◽  
History Of ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Military Campaign ◽  
The Way

The purpose of the studyis general analysis of the main practical ways and forms of Muscovy’s intervention into Cossack-Polish confrontations as well as the main tendencies in its policy towards anti-Polish Cossack uprisings in Ukraine from 1591 to 1638. The author, using methods of critical analysis of Moscow Kingdom’s policy and new approaches in his scholar work, explains it in the context of development of political events and war conflicts in Central-Eastern Europe during above-mentioned period. The new conceptual view on Kremlin’s role in the inspiration of hostility between the Ukrainian Cossacks and Poland is proposed. The author explains it by the large-scale conquering policy of Moscow Kingdom. «Collection of lands of Rus’ (former State of Kyiv)» was declared as first step on the way of realization of its aggressive foreign policy. Ukrainian lands including Kyiv were main lands on the way of Kremlin’s policy tending toward territorial expansion. The policy with aim to attract the sympathies of Ukrainian Cossacks to Moscow Kingdom was integral part of political actions aiming to worse internal situation in Poland during realization of wide-spreading plans of creation of great-powered Moscow Kingdom in context of implementation of concept «Moscow is Third Rome». Despite of some financial support of Muscovy for the participants of anti-Polish Cossack uprisings in 1591–1596, the Ukrainian Cossacks didn’t kept their loyalty in relation to the king of Muscovy; they clearly demonstrated their animosity to Moscow Kingdom by their participation in many campaigns on Moscow, which were organized commonly with the representatives of internal opposition of Moscow king and by the political support of king of Poland in 1604–1618. The intentions of Kremlin to take the Army of Zaporizhzhia on service to Moscow king in 1620–1621 years are explained by its preparations of war against Poland that was not realized because Turkey refused to be an ally of Muscovy in planned military campaign against Warsaw. Separate attention is devoted to the history of formation of policy of spiritual dependence of Ukraine from Moscow. The author concentrates his special attention on characterization of ways of spiritual influence of Moscow patriarchy on the believers of Orthodox Church in Ukraine that was one of many measures for preparation of subordination of the Kyiv metropolitan and this Church in the formal submission of Moscow. The author interprets this policy as one of facilities of purposeful campaign of Kremlin’s psychological war against Poland and one of many practical ways of future policy of consistent political, economic, ideological, psychological and spiritual «Moscovization» of Ukraine under the name «Small Rus’», later «Small Russia» (separate administrative-territorial unit (province) with the limited autonomy as integral part of Moscow Kingdom). A conclusion is done, that both Cossack and Warsaw elites underestimated risks and threats of Moscow Kingdom intervention in Ukrainian-Polish confrontations as the «third force» or actually as their new participant. This interference became the first step on a way to to realization of plan of incorporation of Ukraine to Moscow Kingdom and at the same time to destruction of state and national independence of Poland and just created then Cossack state in Ukraine. Keywords Moscow Kingdom, Poland, Ukraine, Ukrainian Cossacks

The Phenomenon of Interethnic Tolerance in Bukovyna (1861-1914): the History of the Bukovynian Jews

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (46) ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Bezarov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Xxth Century ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Xixth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Negative Phenomena

The article analyzes the phenomenon of interethnic tolerance in Bukovyna during the period of 1861-1914 on the example from the history of the Bukovynian Jews. The importance of the concept of «Bukovynism», by which modern scholars consider the phenomenon of interethnic and interconfessional tolerance in Bukovyna, is mentioned. It is proved that mutual understanding in the political and socio-cultural space of Bukovyna was achieved due to the efforts of the Austrian administration during 1861-1914. Among the factors contributing to the establishment of political consensus here, the author names such as the reform of the political system of the Austrian empire in the 1960s of the XIXth century, high intensity of the ethno-cultural communications in Bukovyna (interlingual interference) and the migration policy of the central authorities, as a result of which there was formed the German-Jewish political symbiosis with the «new socio-economic ideology»of the «Middle European economic people». The Jews, who in the second half of the XIXth century reached a marked level of political influence on the processes of socio-economic life of Bukovyna, at the beginning of the XXth century, found themselves, according to the author, in a unique situation, in which they almost did not feel the manifestations of the policy of anti-Semitism, which became noticeable in other provinces of Austria-Hungary, as well as in Vienna; the Bukovyna Jews proved to be more bearers of imperial loyalty than the Germans themselves; they managed to preserve their traditional culture, focused, first of all, in shtetls (the Jewish towns) and at the same time remained a “demographic reserve” in the production of the cultural values in Bukovyna. Instead, during the given historical period the Bukovynian Jews did not avoid the negative phenomena in their political life, which were connected, first of all, with the processes of modernization of the Habsburg Empire (urbanization, nationalism of imperial ethnic groups) and strengthening of the Viennese anti-Semitism at the beginning of the XXth century. The Austrian administration in Bukovyna stubbornly denied the Jews as an independent ethno-group, and in the economic life of the region gradually introduced the principles of segregation of the Jews. But such negative phenomena almost did not affect the situation of the Jews of Bukovyna, which, until the beginning of the World War, remained generally satisfactory, and showed, on the one hand, that the general-imperial economic crisis of the 1870s in Bukovyna did not acquire such sharpness, as in other regions of the country, and on the other hand, that alternatives to tolerant relations in the processes of harmonious development of multinational societies do not exist. Key words: Bukovynism, tolerance, identity, Jews, Bukovуna

scholarly journals Periodical publications as the source of research on the realities of literary life in southern Ukraine (1950s)

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Maryna Naumenko
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Development ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Music Theater ◽  
Artistic Activity ◽  
Local Newspapers ◽  
Literary Life ◽  
Political Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Value ◽  
Southern Ukraine

In the article, based on research materials of periodical publications illuminated the literature value in cultural evolution of southern region of Ukraine in 1950-1960 yrs. It is specified that the literature in the USSR against the background of active political events of the 50's-60's yrs. considered by government institutions as an extraordinary phenomenon of culture, which has important socio-political value. The main value of the literary life of southern Ukraine research play the materials of local periodicals, which contain information missing from other types of sources. Like a historical source the newspaper has several advantages despite of subjective nature – information inexhaustibility, completeness, comprehensiveness, quick delivery of up-to-date information. The literary life of the southern region of Ukraine is presented in local newspapers: "Pivdenna pravda", "Bug'skay Zaray", "Chornomorska komuna", "Literaturnyy almanakh" (Odessa), "Naddnipryanskaya Pravda" (Kherson). The Literature in mentioned periodicals occurs as one of the traditional consideration objects – in common with music, theater, cinema and other areas of artistic activity. These sources contain extensive factual and analytical content with important stages in the history of southern Ukraine's literature The basic tendencies, substantive aspects and peculiarities of the literary life of the region are analyzed. The degree of interaction between a particular industry and the press has been established. Some conclusions are made. First of all, the literary life of the region was under the strict control of Soviet public association structures. At the second, most publications include the different types of artistic text analysis: philological, linguistic, stylistic, literary. It's worth to remark that interest of periodicals in the course of literary life say for to the cultural region integration into the Union space. In the third place, using periodicals as a source of knowledge in the cultural development research, can clearly identify the literary trends inherent in this region. In general, the newspaper periodicals of the 1950-60 th, taking into account certain historical conditions of its functioning, its ideological orientation, are an important systematized and chronological source of study of the cultural life of Ukrainian society during the liberalization of the Soviet regime.

BELLS AND BELL-RINGING TRADITION IN KUZNETSK LAND: HISTORY AND PRESENT TIME

2021 ◽  
pp. 198-206
Author(s):  
Aleksey V. Gorbatov ◽  
◽  
Georgy A. Demchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Periodical Press ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Complete Set

The article is devoted to the history of bells and bell-ringing art on the territory of present Kemerovo Region. The topicality of the article is in considering this phenomenon as a part of the historical and cultural heritage. The unique technology and ringing art, the Orthodox faith and a special way of life of the Russian people and bells joined in the history of bells. Bell ringing has developed into a large-scale, national phenomenon; the state and the Russian society recognize its aesthetic value. Based on archival documents, materials of the periodical press of pre-revolutionary, Soviet, and modern periods, research works of historians and ethnographers, the authors demonstrate the formation of the bell-instrumental image of the region and highlight different historical periods: from the construction of the first bell towers, the complete prohibition of bell ringing to their revival, and the formation of new traditions. It is concluded that the situation with bells and ringing traditions is significantly dependent on the Church policy of the state in a certain historical period. It is specific that, throughout the study period, most of the bell ringers received and receive a small monetary reward for their obedience, and therefore, many of them tend to leave this job as soon as possible, replacing it with a more paid one. The current situation is certain not to contribute to the development and improvement of bell-ringing art. Nowadays, a small number of bells and the lack of its own bell production in Kuzbass region cannot contribute to solving the problem of restoring the Russian bell tradition. For the full revival of the bell-ringing tradition in the region, it is also necessary to have a competent complete set of bell funds, which today can hardly be described as organized and systematic. Bell rebounds are packed mainly at random. However, the situation has changed in recent years as instruments with planned ringing have got used. The authors make a conclusion about the necessity of the analysis of bell funds, their classification, and the identification of accounting and certification issues. Today, the revival of the art of bell ringing is based on both the preservation of old traditions and the formation of new ones. An important role in the development and popularization of the bell tradition is played by the activities of Orthodox bell ringers’ courses, festivals, exhibitions, master classes. All this forms the bell-instrumental image of Kuzbass region.

scholarly journals Wubs-Mrozewicz, Justyna. "Conflict Management and Interdisciplinary History." Tijdschrift voor Sociale en Economische Geschiedenis 15.1 (2018): 89-107.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Wubs- Mrozewicz
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Conflict Management ◽  
Legal History ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Individual Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multi Level

This article advances the idea that the concept of conflict resolution, which is usual in social, economic, political and legal history of premodern Europe and in the social sciences in general, is too goal-oriented and therefore unsatisfactory for the analyses of conflicts. Instead, a problem-oriented concept of conflict management is proposed. It consists of prevention, provocation, maintenance of the status quo, escalation and de-escalation, as well as resolution. Such a concept allows to analyse multi-level conflicts (individual, group, large-scale) pertaining diverse yet interrelated issues. This article shows how it will be used to analyse contentious issues which are related to mercantile cities in premodern cities in northern Europe (1350-1570), in a recently granted NWO VIDI project.

FORMATION OF DESIGN THINKING OF DESIGNER- STUDENTS BY THE METHOD OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS (ON THE MATERIAL OF THE HISTORICAL AND TRADITIONAL COSTUME OF XVII-XVIII CENTURIES RUSSIA AND GERMANY)

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
O.S. Zamaziy ◽  
◽  
V.A. Maltseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Course Design ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Color Combinations

The article examines one of the aspects of the formation of design thinking in designer-students. This professionally significant personality trait is the basis for the competence model of the future costume designer. Using the method of comparative analysis in the study of basic, historical and cultural subjects, designer-students, according to the results of the study, successfully master the historical and ethnic features of cut elements, the principles of shaping and decorating a costume. The article presents the experience of conducting a comparative analysis within the study of “History of the costume” on the example of the traditional costumes of Germany and Russia of the 17th – 18th centuries. The step-by-step work, organized as a part of the laboratory workshop and course design, included the study of traditional costumes in Germany and Russia in a historical retrospective, an analysis of the characteristics of costumes and their design features, the implementation of a large-scale mock-up doll for the selected historical period and the source of creativity and development based on a comparative analysis of fore-sketches of the author's modern collection of clothing models. The main emphasis was placed on the analysis of traditional costumes of the selected historical period in order to study the main forms of the costume, we compare the design features and decorative solutions, the materials used and color combinations in the costume and the ways of wearing it. The historical diversity of the costumes of the aforementioned countries allowed students, using the method of comparative analysis, not only to identify and systematize both common features and differences in the use of structural elements, accessories, materials and colors, but also to get positive motivation to study the history and culture of the peoples of the world, to realize their creative abilities in the field of design, to develop professional skills and abilities.

Instalațiile tehnice populare și meșteșugurile din zona Valea Gurghiului (județul Mureș

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 97-113
Author(s):  
Adriana Țuțuianu
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Official Document ◽  
Preliminary Stage ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Set Up

"Peasant technical installations and crafts from the area of the Gurghiu Valley (Mures County) On the Gurghiu Valley are spread settlements, some of which are first mentioned in an official document from newer or ancient times. Those at the lower valley are clustered settlements, and those upper rivers are scattered, generally found in upland regions: Bicașu, Toaca, Dubiștes, Isticelul, Arșicea, Uricea, Tireul, Ibănești - Pădure, Blidireasa, Zimți, Piriul - Mare, Dulcea, Bradețel. Eleven settlements developed on this valley: Solovăstru (1853), Jabenița (1453), Adrian (1393), Gurghiu (1248), Orșova (1453), Cașva (1453), Glăjarie (1760), Hodac (1453), Toaca, Ibănești - Sat (1453), Ibănești - Pădure. History of villages from the Gurghiu Valley was related to the fortress and Gurghiu domain for many centuries. In August 1329, a document mentioned Petru Georgyu. However, the fortress was only firstly documented in 1364, on the appointment of Dionisie as voivode of Transylvania. Now, besides the castellans of fortresses from Deva, Hunedoara and Ciceu, also appears Iohannis Lepesde Gurghen as castellan of Gurghiu fortress. Development of the economic life and ever increasing requirements of the population led to improvement and development of peasant technical installations (mills, oil mills, traditional rural whirlpools, sawmills) but also crafts and trades (carpentry, flute making, wheel righting, blacksmithing, pottery). Manufactory plants were set up, beginning with the 17th century; these were the first form of industrialisation, based on work division and manual techniques, a preliminary stage of transition from small-scale commodity production to large-scale machine production. Keywords: Gurghiu Valley, peasant technical installations, mill, crafts, wood processing "

scholarly journals A Forgotten Chapter in the History of International Commercial Arbitration: The Slave Trade's Dispute Settlement System

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNE-CHARLOTTE MARTINEAU
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
International Investment ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
International Arbitration ◽  
Dispute Settlement Mechanism ◽  
Commercial Arbitration ◽  
International Commercial Arbitration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up

AbstractThis article is part of the ongoing efforts to write a critical history of international arbitration in commercial and investment matters. It examines the ways in which the Spanish crown and its concessionaries set up a mechanism to settle legal disputes pertaining to the transatlantic slave trade. The transformation of asientos de negros from limited royal contracts to large-scale monopolies awarded to foreign chartered companies during the sixteenth, seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries was accompanied by the creation of an international commercial arbitration system. Why was this system set up, how did it work, and what was its faith? The overall aim of the article is to invite international lawyers to rethink the history of international arbitration and pay closer attention to the ‘private’ dimensions of formal and informal imperialism. It also attempts to bridge the historical investigation and contemporary commentary. In the conclusion, I argue that this study allows us, in a mirroring effect, to question the idea that today's dispute settlement mechanism was conceived as a means to ‘depoliticize’ international investment law. What the introduction of arbitration achieves is to place some fundamental questions out of sight. Today, as in the past, arbitrators work from within the system; their work rests on a series of unspoken – and yet highly political – premises about the organization of economic life and the distribution of values.

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