scholarly journals Evaluasi Diklat Peningkatan Kompetensi Penilaian Kinerja Guru (PKG) dan Pengembangan Keprofesionalan Berkelanjutan (PKB)

Author(s):  
Ai Nurjanah

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to find out the effectiveness of substantive technical training implementation in improving the improvement of teacher performance and the continuous professional development that held in Bandung Religious Training Center on the year of 2017−2018 by using Kirkpatrick model. This research uses a mixed-methods with concurrent embedded types with a descriptive approach with 330 populations and 77 persons for the sample. The results for first level (reaction level) that the participants’ reaction towards training organizer has shown an average satisfaction index of 82.12 (good). The Reaction of participants to widyaiswara was 82.8 (good) on average. At level 2 (learning level), The result of knowledge aspect’s for t-test on pretest and posttest data correlated 0.34 with a significance level 0.003. It’s was indicates that education and training have been succeeded to increase the training participants’ knowledge. In the skill aspect, the average rating’s product was 91.66 (very good). The average score of the attitude aspect was 88.6 (good). For the evaluation at level 3 (behaviour level), the average score of 61.96% (47 graduated from training had shown that the training results were quite satisfying). From triangulation results of Post-Training Evaluation (EPD), the graduated from training gave positive manner statements for generally. Different from colleagues and superiors who gave negative statements. Evaluation at stage 4 (result level) demonstrated that the average percentage of t-score 63.64% or about 49 graduated had stated that they were able to obtain credit numbers according to the demand. AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas penyelenggaraan diklat teknis substantif peningkatan kompetensi Peningkatan Kinerja Guru dan Pengembangan Keprofesionalan Berkelanjutan yang diselenggarakan di Balai Diklat Keagamaan Bandung tahun 2017−2018 menggunakan model Kirkpatrick. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kombinasi (mixed methodes) tipe concurreent embedded dengan pendekatan deskriptif dengan jumlah populasi 330 serta sampel 77 orang. Hasil penelitian pada level 1 (reaction level), reaksi peserta terhadap penyelenggara diklat memiliki indeks kepuasan rata-rata sebesar 82,12 (baik). reaksi peserta terhadap widyaiswara rata-rata sebesar 82,80 (baik).  Pada level 2 (Learning level), evaluasi pada aspek pengetahuan hasil uji-t pada data pretest dan posttest memiliki korelasi 0,34 dengan taraf signifikansi 0,003, menunjukkan bahwa diklat berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan peserta diklat. Pada aspek keterampilan rata-rata penilaian produk sebesar 91,66 (sangat baik). Pada aspek sikap skor rata-rata sebesar 88,6 pada (baik). Evaluasi pada level 3 (behavior level), rata-rata skor t sebesar 61,96% (47 orang alumni diklat menyatakan hasil diklat memiliki pengaruh yang baik). Dari hasil triangulasi Evaluasi Pasca Diklat, alumni diklat secara umum memberikan pernyataan positif, sedangkan rekan sejawat, dan atasan secara umum memberikan pernyataan negatif. Evaluasi pada tahap 4 – level hasil (result level), hasil evaluasi menunjukkan prosentase rata-rata skor-t sebesar 63,64 % atau 49 orang alumni menyatakan dapat memperoleh angka kredit.

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaneh Nakhaee ◽  
Khadijeh Farrokhfall ◽  
Ebrahim Miri-Moghaddam ◽  
Mohsen Foadoddini ◽  
Masoumeh Askari ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Tramadol is a widely used synthetic opioid. Substantial research has previously focused on the neurological effects of this drug, while the efficacy of various treatments to reduce the associated side effects has not been well studied. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of naloxone, diazepam, and quercetin on tramadol overdose-induced seizure and sedation level in male rats. Methods The project was performed with 72 male Wistar rats with an average weight of 200–250 g. The rats were randomly assigned to eight groups. Tramadol was administered intraperitoneally at an initial dose of 25 mg/kg/day. On the 14th day, tramadol was injected at 75 mg/kg, either alone or together with naloxone, diazepam, and quercetin (acute and chronic) individually or in combination. The rats were monitored for 6 h on the last day, and the number, the duration, and the severity of seizures (using the criteria of Racine) were measured over a 6-h observation period. The sedation level was also assessed based on a 4-point criterion, ranging from 0 to 3. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using Kruskal–Wallis, Chi-square, regression analysis, and generalized estimating equation (GEE) tests. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results The naloxone-diazepam combination reduced the number, severity, and cumulative duration of seizures compared to tramadol use alone and reduced the number of higher-intensity seizures (level 3, 4) to a greater extent than other treatments. Naloxone alone reduced the number and duration of seizures but increased the number of mild seizures (level 2). Diazepam decreased the severity and duration of seizures. However, it increased the number of mild seizures (level 2). In comparison with the tramadol alone group, the acute quercetin group exhibited higher numbers of mild (level 2) and moderate (level 3) seizures. Chronic quercetin administration significantly increased the number of mild seizures. In the GEE model, all groups had higher sedation levels than the saline only group (P < 0.001). None of the protocols had a significant effect on sedation levels compared to the tramadol group. Conclusion The combined administration of naloxone and diazepam in acute-on-chronic tramadol poisoning can effectively reduce most seizure variables compared to tramadol use alone. However, none of the treatments improved sedation levels.


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Azwar Anwar

This study aims to determine the distribution of student geometry levels based on Van Hiele's theory and find out the differences in students' mathematics learning outcomes in grade VII junior high school. The sampling technique is probability sampling and a sample of 182 students is obtained. Data collection techniques used were Van Hiele level geometry tests and test results. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and anova with a significance level of 5%. The results showed that only 170 students were included in the Van Hiele geometry level, namely 62 students were at level 0, 97 students were at level 1, 5 students were at level 2, and as many as 6 students are at level 3. In the inferential analysis based on analysis of variance (two-way anova) concludes that for learning outcomes based on Van Hiele level geometry obtained Fcount = 13.793 > Ftable = 9.28 means H0 is rejected means that there are differences in mathematics learning outcomes based on Van Hiele geometry level.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi level geometri siswa berdasarkan teori Van Hiele dan mengetahui perbedaan hasil belajar matematika siswa di kelas VII SMP. Menggunakan teknik probability sampling dan diperoleh sampel sebanyak 182 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah tes level geometri Van Hiele dan tes hasil belajar. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan anova dengan taraf signifikansi sebesar 5%. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa dari 182 sampel, hanya 170 siswa yang termasuk dalam level geometri Van Hiele yaitu 62 siswa berada pada level 0, sebanyak 97 siswa pada level 1, sebanyak 5 siswa pada level 2, dan  6 siswa pada level 3. Analisis anova dua arah diperoleh Fhitung = 13,793 > Ftabel = 9,28 berarti H0  ditolak yang artinya terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar matematika berdasarkan level geometri Van Hiele.


• All pupils will add two levels to their performance between Key Stage 3 at 14 and Key Stage 4 at age 16. • Targets for numbers or proportions achieving levels (say, Level 3, or graded levels within Level 2 in reading) at end of Key Stage 1, or average scores at end of Key Stage 1, in reading, writing, mathematics. • Targets for numbers or proportions achieving levels (say, Level 5) at end of Key Stage 2, or average scores at end of Key Stage 2, in English, mathematics and science. • Targets for numbers or proportions achieving levels at end of Key Stage 3, or average scores at end of Key Stage 3, in English, mathematics and science. • The proportion of pupils achieving at least GCSE grade C in English, mathematics and science. • The proportion of pupils achieving at least GCSE grade G in English, mathematics and science, individually and collectively. • The proportion of boys achieving the above levels at the four Key Stages. • The proportion of girls achieving the above levels at the four Key Stages. • The proportion of pupils of minority ethnic origin, or with English as a second language, achieving the above levels at the four Key Stages. • The proportion of pupils from different neighbourhoods within the school catchment area achieving the above levels at the four Key Stages. • The difference between the achievements of different groups of pupils within the school — by gender, ethnic origin, social class, residence, and other relevant categories. • The proportion of positive responses to a pupil satisfaction survey. • The equal application of rewards and sanctions across years, classes and subject areas. • The ratio of rewards given to sanctions applied (say, 3:1). • The average progress made by pupils will be equivalent to half a NC Level each year. No student will progress at less than half a level each x months.

2002 ◽  
pp. 66-66

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Nurjanah

This article discusses quantitative research through descriptive method of case study at offcampus PKG training and PKB Aliyah madrasah teacher in Kanmenag Cirebon City. This research is to measure the success of the training through the kirkpatric evaluation model. Evaluation was conducted in 4 stages; Measurement of the success of the training by applying the kirkpatrick evaluation model through four stages. Assessment stage 1: reaction level using the participants' assessment questionnaire on the implementation of training and assessment of widyaiswara. Assessment of participants on the implementation of training average of 85.98 and the assessment of the participants against the widyaiswara of 87.78. Phase 2, the level of learning measurement of training participants includes three aspects, knowledge, skills and attitudes. The average pretest score was 43 and the highest score was 77, the average score of postes 81. The average of pretest and posttest results increased by 65. The average score of the product was 91.66 and the attitude was 88.66. Of the 3 aspects assessed the average score of 80 over the criteria of at least 76.00, then it can be said at this level works well. Phase 3, the quantitative level of behavior average score of the 4 aspects of 3.7. Indicating at this level changes behavior well. While in stage 4 the result level (result level) obtained an average score of 3.8 indicating alumni diklat can improve his career as the impact of training results.  Keywords:The success rate of the training, the evaluation model of kirkpatrick.


1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 57-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. B. Keats-Rohan

The COEL database and database software, a combined reference and research tool created by historians for historians, is presented here through Screenshots illustrating the underlying theoretical model and the specific situation to which that has been applied. The key emphases are upon data integrity, and the historian's role in interpreting and manipulating what is often contentious data. From a corpus of sources (Level 1) certain core data are extracted for separate treatment at an interpretive level (Level 3), based upon a master list of the core data (Level 2). The core data are interdependent: each record in Level 2 is of interest in itself; and it either could or should be associated with an(other) record(s) as a specific entity. Sometimes the sources are ambiguous and the association is contentious, necessitating a probabilty-coding approach. The entities created by the association process can then be treated at a commentary level, introducing material external to the database, whether primary or secondary sources. A full discussion of the difficulties is provided within a synthesis of available information on the core data. Direct access to the source texts is only ever a mouse click away. Fully query able, COEL is formidable look-up and research tool for users of all levels, who remain free to exercise an alternative judgement on the associations of the core data. In principle, there is no limit on the type of text or core data that could be handled in such a system.


Al-Risalah ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-148
Author(s):  
Ay Maryani

This study describes the religious behavior of UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta students. The variables used are internal and external environment as independent variable and religious behavior as dependent variable. The internal environment variable consists of gender factor, (male and female). The external environmental variables comprise the faculty environment, the present resident and the place to grow. The present resident consist of dormitories, boarding houses and parents' homes and the place to grow consist of urban and rural environment. Religious behavior variables consist of habluminallah behavior and habluminannas behavior. Habluminallah's behavior measured by (1) knowledge of faith and worship, (2) attitudes toward faith and worship, and (3) practice of faith and worship. The habluminannas variable measured by (1) Islamic behavior for them self, like honest, discipline and good work / studyethics, trust and concern on legality, (2) Islamic behavior with others, like generous, cooperation, caring, respect to the people's rights and tolerance and (3) Islamic behavior for the natural surroundings, like love of nature and nature conservation efforts. The methodology used was (1) Statistical descriptive, (2) MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variance) and (3) Independent sample t-test. The results showed the religious behavior UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta students has a very good category. This is indicated by the mean values for the behavior of haluminallah and habluminannas of 158.85 and 178.76,  espectively. The average value of habluminallah behaviour in the range of values "145-180" with the category of "very good" and habluminannas behavior in the range value "165-205" with the category "very good. Habluminallah and habluminannas behavior are different for each faculty. This is indicated by the significance level of Pillai Trace, Wilk Lambda, Hotelling Trace, Roy's Largest Root of 0.00 (<0.05). Habluminallah and habluminannas behavior are the same for respondents who live in dormitories, boarding houses, and parents' homes. This is indicated by the value of F test and significance at Wilk's Lambda respectively for 2.055 and 0.085 (>0.05). Habluminallah and habluminannas behaviors are similar for urban and rural respondents. This is known from the sig level. (2-tailed) for habluminallah and habluminannas behavior of 0.317 and 0.245 (> 0.05), respectively. Habluminallah and habluminannas behaviors are similar for male and female. This is known from the sig level. (2-tailed) for habluminallah and habluminannas behavior of 0.950 and 0.307 (> 0.05),respectively. The results of this study are expected to be used to develop university policies that can enhance the Islamic values of UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.


Author(s):  
Lania Muharsih ◽  
Ratih Saraswati

This study aims to determine the training evaluation at PT. Kujang Fertilizer. PT. Pupuk Kujang is a company engaged in the field of petrochemicals. Evaluation sheet of PT. Fertilizer Kujang is made based on Kirkpatrick's theory which consists of four levels of evaluation, namely reaction, learning, behavior, and results. At level 1, namely reaction, in the evaluation sheet is in accordance with the theory of Kirkpatrick, at level 2 that is learning should be held pretest and posttest but only made scale. At level 3, behavior, according to theory, but on assessment factor number 3, quantity and work productivity should not need to be included because they are included in level 4. At level 4, that is the result, here is still lacking to get a picture of the results of the training that has been carried out because only based on answers from superiors without evidence of any documents.   Keywords: Training Evaluation, Kirkpatrick Theory.    Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui evaluasi training di PT. Pupuk Kujang. PT. Pupuk Kujang merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang petrokimia. Lembar evaluasi PT. Pupuk Kujang dibuat berdasarkan teori Kirkpatrick yang terdiri dari empat level evaluasi, yaitu reaksi, learning, behavior, dan hasil. Pada level 1 yaitu reaksi, di lembar evaluasi tersebut sudah sesuai dengan teori dari Kirkpatrick, pada level 2 yaitu learning seharusnya diadakan pretest dan posttest namun hanya dibuatkan skala. Pada level 3 yaitu behavior, sudah sesuai teori namun pada faktor penilaian nomor 3 kuantitas dan produktivitas kerja semestinya tidak perlu dimasukkan karena sudah termasuk ke dalam level 4. Pada level 4 yaitu hasil, disini masih sangat kurang untuk mendapatkan gambaran hasil dari pelatihan yang sudah dilaksanakan karena hanya berdasarkan dari jawaban atasan tanpa bukti dokumen apapun.   Kata kunci: Evaluasi Pelatihan, Teori Kirkpatrick.


2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1035-1041
Author(s):  
Erika Y. Lee ◽  
Michael E. Detsky ◽  
Jin Ma ◽  
Chaim M. Bell ◽  
Andrew M. Morris

AbstractObjectives:Antibiotics are commonly used in intensive care units (ICUs), yet differences in antibiotic use across ICUs are unknown. Herein, we studied antibiotic use across ICUs and examined factors that contributed to variation.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from Ontario’s Critical Care Information System (CCIS), which included 201 adult ICUs and 2,013,397 patient days from January 2012 to June 2016. Antibiotic use was measured in days of therapy (DOT) per 1,000 patient days. ICU factors included ability to provide ventilator support (level 3) or not (level 2), ICU type (medical-surgical or other), and academic status. Patient factors included severity of illness using multiple-organ dysfunction score (MODS), ventilatory support, and central venous catheter (CVC) use. We analyzed the effect of these factors on variation in antibiotic use.Results:Overall, 269,351 patients (56%) received antibiotics during their ICU stay. The mean antibiotic use was 624 (range 3–1460) DOT per 1,000 patient days. Antibiotic use was significantly higher in medical-surgical ICUs compared to other ICUs (697 vs 410 DOT per 1,000 patient days; P < .0001) and in level 3 ICUs compared to level 2 ICUs (751 vs 513 DOT per 1,000 patient days; P < .0001). Higher antibiotic use was associated with higher severity of illness and intensity of treatment. ICU and patient factors explained 47% of the variation in antibiotic use across ICUs.Conclusions:Antibiotic use varies widely across ICUs, which is partially associated with ICUs and patient characteristics. These differences highlight the importance of antimicrobial stewardship to ensure appropriate use of antibiotics in ICU patients.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Qin ◽  
Ida K. Karlsson ◽  
Yunzhang Wang ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Nancy Pedersen ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Studies on DNA methylation have the potential to discover mechanisms of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. However, the role of DNA methylation in CVD etiology remains unclear. Results We performed an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) on CVD in a longitudinal sample of Swedish twins (535 individuals). We selected CpGs reaching the Bonferroni-corrected significance level (2 $$\times$$ ×  10–7) or the top-ranked 20 CpGs with the lowest P values if they did not reach this significance level in EWAS analysis associated with non-stroke CVD, overall stroke, and ischemic stroke, respectively. We further applied a bivariate autoregressive latent trajectory model with structured residuals (ALT-SR) to evaluate the cross-lagged effect between DNA methylation of these CpGs and cardiometabolic traits (blood lipids, blood pressure, and body mass index). Furthermore, mediation analysis was performed to evaluate whether the cross-lagged effects had causal impacts on CVD. In the EWAS models, none of the CpGs we selected reached the Bonferroni-corrected significance level. The ALT-SR model showed that DNA methylation levels were more likely to predict the subsequent level of cardiometabolic traits rather than the other way around (numbers of significant cross-lagged paths of methylation → trait/trait → methylation were 84/4, 45/6, 66/1 for the identified three CpG sets, respectively). Finally, we demonstrated significant indirect effects from DNA methylation on CVD mediated by cardiometabolic traits. Conclusions We present evidence for a directional association from DNA methylation on cardiometabolic traits and CVD, rather than the opposite, highlighting the role of epigenetics in CVD development.


2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1925.2-1925
Author(s):  
E. Bell ◽  
A. Sendaydiego ◽  
P. C. Taylor

Background:With the rapid evolution in treatment strategies and the increasing range of available therapeutics for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), keeping pace with advances can be a challenge for busy physicians.Objectives:We assessed whether online CME can improve rheumatologists’ knowledge of RA management focusing on the assessment and monitoring of RA, the selection of appropriate treatments and the clinical efficacy and safety data for JAK inhibitors.Methods:Rheumatologists participated in a text-based activity featuring two patient cases with questions that “tested” knowledge and discussion of the main “teaching” points. Educational effect was assessed using a repeated-pair design, pre-/post-assessment. A Chi-square test of independence determined if a statistically significant improvement (5% significance level,P<.05) existed in the number of correct responses between the pretest and posttest scores. Cramer’s V estimated the effect size of the education. The activity launched on 15 December 2018 with data collection through 27 February 2019.Results:•Significant improvement in average percentage of correct responses, rising from 47% at baseline to 92% post-activity (P<.001) and extensive educational impact (Cramer’s V=0.496)•Significant increase in percentage of rheumatologists (n=111) answering all 3 questions correctly (9% at baseline rising to 78% post assessment)•Significant improvements in knowledge of EULAR/ACR assessment criteria (86% improvement,P<.001), EULAR treatment recommendations for a patient failing on MTX and a TNF inhibitor (100% improvement,P<.001), and the VTE risk associated with having RA or receiving RA treatments (108% improvement,P<.001)•46% of rheumatologists reported greater confidence in their ability to appropriately incorporate JAK inhibitors into the treatment of patients with RA (average confidence shift 20%)Conclusion:Overall, this learning activity was highly successful in improving rheumatologists’knowledge and confidence in managing patients with RA, particularly with regard to the appropriate use of JAK inhibitors in patients for whom such treatment is suitable. The extensive impact of this interactive ‘test then teach’ activity is likely to directly translate into patient benefit. Further education on this topic would be useful to enhance and reinforce this knowledge and to support physician confidence in the use of JAK inhibitors in clinical practice.References:[1]https://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/906202Disclosure of Interests:Elaine Bell: None declared, Anne Sendaydiego: None declared, Peter C. Taylor Grant/research support from: Celgene, Eli Lilly and Company, Galapagos, and Gilead, Consultant of: AbbVie, Biogen, Eli Lilly and Company, Fresenius, Galapagos, Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Nordic Pharma, Pfizer Roche, and UCB


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