scholarly journals PERILAKU SEKSUAL PREMARITAL PADA REMAJA DI KOTA SEMARANG

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 836-841
Author(s):  
Lia Mulyanti
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Life Skill ◽  
Sexual Relations ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
Premarital Sexual

Background: Adolescents are part of the population aged between 10-19 years in the transition to adulthood. Teenagers have a high curiosity about everything that has never been done. Based on the results of the Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) 2017 shows that 8% of male adolescents who have had premarital sexual intercourse, of which male adolescents aged 15-19 years are around 3.6% and aged 20-24 years are around 14.0%. . This figure continues to increase from year to year and must be treated immediately.Objective: To determine premarital sexual behavior in adolescentsMethods: This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study design to collect in-depth information about how adolescents experience and behave.Results: Based on the age of the main informants, it was found that they had premarital sexual relations at the age of 14, 15, 16 and 17 years. The main informant's sexual behavior during dating varied from kissing, hugging, touching to having sexual intercourse. After further questioning, the main informants revealed the reasons they wanted to have sexual relations with their last girlfriends because of consensual reasons and because of coercion from their boyfriends as proof of love or as an expression of love.Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that premarital sexual behavior in adolescents is mostly carried out by adolescents aged 14-15 years. Sexual behavior is carried out starting from kissing, hugging, touching to having sexual intercourse.Suggestion Improving life skills in adolescents, especially in assertive skills (being assertive) so that adolescents can express themselves firmly to others without hurting others or humbling themselves in front of others. Keywords: premarital sexual, adolescent ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Remaja adalah bagian dari penduduk yang berusia antara 10-19 tahun dalam masa peralihan menuju dewasa. Remaja mempunyai keingintahuan tinggi terhadap segala hal yang belum pernah dilakukannya. Berdasarkan hasil Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) 2017 menunjukkan bahwa remaja pria yang pernah melakukan hubungan seksual pranikah sebesar 8%, di mana remaja pria umur 15-19 tahun sekitar 3,6% dan umur 20-24 tahun sekitar 14,0%. Angka ini terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun dan harus segera mendapatkan penanganan.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui perilaku seksual premarital pada remajaMetode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus untuk mengumpulkan informasi secara mendalam tentang bagaimana pengalaman dan perilaku remaja.Hasil: Berdasarkan umur dari informan utama diketahui bahwa mereka melakukan hubungan seksual premarital pada saat berusia, 14 tahun, 15 tahun, 16 tahun dan 17 tahun. Perilaku seksual informan utama saat berpacaran bermacam-macam mulai dari ciuman, pelukan, perabaan sampai melakukan hubungan seksual. Setelah ditanya lebih dalam informan utama mengungkapkan alasan mereka mau melakukan hubungan seksual dengan pacar terakhirnya dikarenakan alasan suka sama suka dan karena paksaan dari pacar sebagai pembuktian cinta atau sebagai ungkapan cinta.Simpulan: Berdasarkan dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa perilaku seksual premarital pada remaja paling banyak dilakukan oleh remaja berusia 14-15 tahun. Perilaku seksual yang dilakukan mulai dari ciuman, pelukan, perabaan sampai melakukan hubungan seksual.Saran Meningkatkan kemampuan life skill pada remaja terutama pada keterampilan asertif (bersikap tegas) sehingga remaja dapat mengekpresikan diri secara tegas kepada orang lain tanpa menyakiti pihak ataupun merendahkan diri di hadapan orang lain Kata Kunci : seksual premarital, remaja 

scholarly journals Paparan informasi kesehatan reproduksi melalui media pada perilaku seksual pranikah: analisis data SDKI tahun 2012

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Puspasari Puspasari ◽  
Sukamdi Sukamdi ◽  
Ova Emilia
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescent Reproductive Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Premarital Sexual

The correlation of reproductive health information exposure from media on premarital sexual behaviour: an Indonesia demographic health survey 2012 analysisPurposeThis study aimed to determine the correlation of type and intensity of exposure of reproductive health information through media to the sexual behavior of adolescents and young adults in Indonesia.MethodsThis study used a cross-sectional design. The data used was the Indonesian sub-survey of adolescent reproductive health, Indonesia demographic and health survey.ResultsThe results showed that adolescents and young adults who receive the health information type of adolescent reproductive health category have a smaller prevalence in sexual intercourse before marriage than information of contraceptive methods category or both. The intensity of exposure to reproductive health information which was low or no exposure, have higher prevalence of premarital sexual behavior. Age, gender, level of education, level of wealth, smoking, drinking alcohol, drug consumption and dating intimacy are significantly associated with premarital sexual behavior of adolescents and young adults.ConclusionType and intensity of reproductive health information are significantly associated with premarital sexual behavior of adolescents and young adults. The high intensity of exposure and type of adolescent reproductive Health category have a smaller prevalence in sexual intercourse before marriage.

scholarly journals Dating Behavior and Age at First Time having Premarital Sexual Intercourse on Young Men in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T2) ◽  
pp. 119-122
Author(s):  
Uswatun Hasanah Purnama Sari ◽  
Apik Indarty Moedjiono ◽  
Nadjib M. Bustan
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Sexual Relations ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Role Of Parents ◽  
Premarital Sexual ◽  
First Time

BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a period of growth and development that occurs dynamically and rapidly both physically, psychologically, intellectually, socially, and sexual behavior that is associated with the onset of puberty. Health problems in adolescence are one of the important problems in the lifecycle. One of the health problems of adolescents today is sexual conduct before marriage. This behavior is a sexual behavior that is very risky to cause unwanted pregnancy problems, and risks causing various diseases such as sexually transmitted diseases, and even HIV/AIDS. AIM: The aim of the study was to describe dating behavior and age at first having premarital sexual relations for adolescent boys in Indonesia in 2017. METHODS: This study uses data from the Indonesian Demographic Health Survey (SDKI) in 2017 with the number of male respondents who are not married aged 15–24 years as many as 12,523 person. RESULTS: The results showed that more adolescents who are dating are 7047 people (56.3%) compared to those who are dating who are as many as 5476 people (43.7%). The most age at first having sexual relations with young men is at the age of 17 years, namely, as many as 254 people (20.2%), while the age at first having sexual relations with young at least is at the age of 11 years, as many as two people (0.2%). CONCLUSION: It is suggested to the role of parents, schools, health centers, and health offices in providing information related to comprehensive reproductive health education.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP OF FORMAL EDUCATION WITH MEN'S ATTITUDES TOWARDS SEXUAL BEHAVIOR IN INDONESIA 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Seri Aryati ◽  
Ratri Purnama Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Premarital Sexual ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The phenomenon of dating in adolescents is considered common nowadays. The data shows that 84% of male adolescents in Indonesia claim to have been dating, 4% higher than female adolescents in 2017. Dating has a big risk, which leads to premarital sexual behavior. The attitude of men towards premarital sexual behavior in Indonesia varies widely, from agreeing to disagreeing. This study aims to describe the relationship between the level of formal education and attitudes of male adolescents towards premarital sexual behavior in Indonesia in 2017. Kendall's Tau correlation test was used to determine whether there was a relationship between the two variables tested, namely the level of education and attitudes towards premarital sexual behavior. The data used is secondary data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). The sample in this study amounted to 12.987 scattered throughout Indonesia. Quantitative descriptive analysis and spatial analysis were used to describe the distribution of correlation results in each province. Through this research, it can be seen that nationally there is a significant and positive relationship between the level of formal education and the attitudes of male adolescents towards premarital sexual behavior in Indonesia in 2017. However, when viewed from the distribution in each province, the correlation results vary.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU SEKS PRANIKAH DI SMP PRAMULA PALEMBANG TAHUN 2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tirta Anggraini Tirta Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Junior High ◽  
World Health ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Premarital Sexual

ABSTRACT According to World Health Organization (WHO), adolescent is a period of a transition from childhood into adulthood. Adolescent reproductive health survey in 2012 women 15-19 years national wide ever had sexual intercourse. Where as the same aged men as many as 6.835 people (4,5%) ever had sexual intercourse. The result of LSM research PKBI in 2005 showed 9,1% junior and senior high school at south Sumatera ever had sexual intercourse. Based on the results of a preliminary study, there were 5 students per class ever acces porn videos.Pair dating school students ever get caught over the limit like holding hands, hugging each other to embrace and 10 students ever get caught holding the breast schoolgirl. Purpose of this research in to know the accociated factors with premarital sexual behavior at Pramula Junior High School Palembang in 2014. This research analytic survey method with cross sectional approach. Population of this research is all of class VII and VIII at Pramula Junior High School Palembang in 2014 as many as 75 student using total sampling technique, this research instrument was questionnaire. Analysis with univariate and bivariate. The results of this research show that 75 respondent who have good premarital sexual 39 respondents (52%), 14 respondents (18,7%) were good knowledge, respondents who good influence parentsas many as 57 respondents (76%). Respondents who have never seen the media pornography 17 respondents (22,7%). The Chi-Square statistic test with significant level α = 0,05 showed there is no significant relationship between knowledge with premarital sexual behavior there is P value = 0,469, There is significant relationship between influence parents with sexual behavior there is P value = 0,009, There is significant relationship between pornography media with premarital sexual behavior there is  P value = 0,043. Of the result, suggested in Pramula Junior High School can add reproductive health lessons     ABSTRAK   Menurut World Health Organization (WHO) masa remaja adalah masa peralihan dari masa kanak-kanak menuju masa dewasa.Survei Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja 2012 mengungkap wanita diumur 15-19 tahun secara nasional pernah melakukan hubungan seksual. Sedangkan pria di usia yang sama berjumlah 6.835 orang atau 4,5% dari jumlah remaja Indonesia pernah melakukan hubungan seks. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian LSM Perkumpulan Keluarga Berencana Indonesia (PKBI) tahun 2005 menunjukkan 9.1% remaja SMP dan SMA di Sumsel sudah pernah melakukan hubungan seks. Berdasarkan hasil studi pendahuluan terdapat sekitar 5 orang siswa per kelas pernah mengakses video porno, sepasang siswa-siswi pernah ketahuan berpacaran lewat batas seperti berpegangan tangan, saling merangkul, hingga berpelukan, dan 10 orang siswa pernah ketahuan memegang payudara lawan jenisnya.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku seks pranikah di SMP Pramula Palembang Tahun 2014.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua kelas VII dan VIII di SMP Pramula Palembang tahun 2014 sebanyak 75 siswa dengan besar sampel 75 siswa dengan teknik total Sampling, instrumen penelitian yaitu Angket. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan bivariat. Hasil Penelitian ini menunjukan dari 75 respondent yang memiliki perilaku seks pranikah yang baik sebanyak 39 responden (52%), responden yang berpengetahuan baik 14 responden (18,7%) responden yang Pengaruh Orang Tuanya baik  57 responden (76%), responden yang tidak pernah melihat media pornografi 17 responden (22,7%). Dari uji statistik Chi-Square dengan tingkat Kemaknaan α = 0,05 menunjukan bahwa tidak ada hubungan bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan perilaku seks pranikah dimana P value = 0,469, ada hubungan bermakna antara pengaruh orang tua dengan perilaku seks pranikah  di mana P value = 0,009 dan ada hubungan bermakna antara media pornografi dengan perilaku seks pranikah dimana P value = 0,043. Disarankan DI SMP Pramula Palembang dapat menambahkan mata pelajaran tentang pendidikan kesehatan reproduksi.        

scholarly journals The correlation between age of first dating and sexual behavior of adolescents and young adults in indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Devi Elfita Sari ◽  
Dewi Rokhanawati
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Premarital Sexual

Premarital sexual behavior among Indonesian adolescents currently becomes easier to be found than previous generation. Based on health survey in 2017, both female and male adolescents admitted that they experienced dating since the aged of 16. Data showed that adolescents who were in relationship admitted having premarital sex than the common adolescents. This study’s objectives was to investigate the correlation between age of first dating and sexual behavior among adolescents and adults in Indonesia. The sample of this study involved respondents of health demographic survey in Indonesia 2012 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of men and women aged 15-24 years and unmarried. This research was a quantitative research using descriptive analytic research design with cross sectional approach. The age of first dating on adolescents was higher (96.2%) than young adults (3.8%). The numbers of dating teenagers and adults with sexual behavior (90.3%) was higher than those without sexual behavior (9.7%). Chi-Square correlation test results by using 95% of confidence revealed p-value equal to 0.004 0.05 with value of correlation coefficient equal to 0.023 indicating positive and significant correlation. Conclusion: There was correlation between age of first dating and sexual behavior on adolescents and adults in Indonesia.

scholarly journals PERILAKU SEKS PRANIKAH PADA MAHASISWA (Studi Kasus Mahasiswa UIN Suska Riau)

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Amirah Diniaty
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Formal Process ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
The Law ◽  
Premarital Sexual

Premarital sexual behavior is a sexual behavior without going through the formal process of marriage according to the law, religions and individual beliefs. It can be varied, such as feelings of attraction to the opposite sex, dating, flirting and sexual intercourse. The number of student who has sexual behavior before marriage, like icebergs on the surface of the sea, which seems just a bit, but essentially full of lumps. This is due to what she/he has done is outside monitoring of parents, faculty and the community. The results showed that the premarital sexual behavior always practiced by the respondents when they meet their partner are holding hands, kissing (dry and wet kisses) and flirting. There was a respondent who is always having sexual intercourse with his partner at least twice a week except when the patner has menstruation.

scholarly journals Description of Sexual Behavior Risk on Early Adolescent in Hope Island Villages of Thousand Island

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Nadirahilah Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
Psychosexual Development ◽  
Reproductive Health Education ◽  
Adolescent Reproductive Health ◽  
Premarital Sexual ◽  
Sexual Behavior Risk

Adolescent is a period of psychosexual development which at this stage are very prominent change is when the sexual function of maturity shown through behavior change. Indonesia Adolescent Reproductive Health Survey proves that nationally there is an increasing incidence of sexual intercourse than 3 million teens who claimed ever done premarital sexual behavior in 2007 to 3.7 milliion youth in 2012. This study is adescriptif study with 135 respondents as study sample are early adolescent in the Hope Island Villages 0f Thosand Island. The result of this study showed that most respondents are adolescent aged 11 years (40%), 52,6% were male and 47.4% female, 54.8% had sexual behavior risk and 21.5% of respondents ever do sexual intercourse. Advice to government, social agencies, and research institutions and community servicein college in order to perform adolescent reproductive health education to adolescent in Hope Island Villages of Thousand Island.

scholarly journals Perilaku Seksual Pranikah di Kalangan Mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Agama Kristen

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-86
Author(s):  
RJ Natongam Sianturi ◽  
Hasudungan Sidabutar
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Oral Sex ◽  
University Management ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Premarital Sexual ◽  
The University ◽  
Sex Talk

This study was a survey research and the technique of collecting data was questionnaire. The result shown that there are 18 types of premarital sexual behaviour conducted by students of Program Studi PAK STAKN Kupang, they are: 1) holding partner's hands;2) cuddling;3) kissing on cheek;4) kissing on lips; 5) watching the porn video; 6) saving and searching porn images through internet line; 7) imaginating sexual intercourse; 8) talking porns with friends; 9) kissing the neck; 10) kissing onto breast; 11) touching breast; 12) fingering; 13) masturbating; 14) sex talk (talking dirty) with partners; 15) sex chat or sex phone or sex cam; 16) petting; 17) conducting intercourse; 18) oral sex. The patterns of sexual behaviour in this study were 3 types, they are: 1) holding partner's hands; 2) cuddling; 3) kissing on cheeks. The three of these types were in the high percentages, whereas the 15 left were in low percentages. In anticipating premarital sexual behavior among students, especially those who have sexual intercourse to lead to pregnancy. It is needed an action from the university management  to students both men and women who disobey the rules  by dropping them out from the college. It is expected to be cured of habbit for rule violators and provide lessons to their junior. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei tentang perilaku seksual pranikah di kalangan mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Agama Kristen STAKN Kupang. Teknik yang digunakan dalam mengumpulkan data adalah dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada delapan belas bentuk perilaku seksual pranikah mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Agama Kristen STAKN Kupang yaitu: 1) pegangan tangan dengan pacar atau pasangan; 2) berpelukan dengan pacar atau pasangan; 3) berciuman pipi dengan pacar atau pasangan; 4) berciuman bibir dengan pacar atau pasangan; 5) menonton video porno; 6) menyimpan atau mencari gambar porno dari internet; 7) membayangkan melakukan seksual dengan lawan jenis; 8) membicarakan hal porno dengan teman; 9) mencium leher atau leher dicium pacar atau pasangan; 10) berciuman sampai ke daerah payudara; 11) memegang payudara atau payudara dipegang pacar atau pasangan; 12) memegang alat kelamin pacar atau pasangan; 13) masturbasi atau onani; 14) membicarakan hal porno dengan pacar atau pasangan; 15) melakukan chat sex atau sms sex atau phone sex atau cam sex; 16) petting; 17) melakukan hubungan seksual; dan 18) oral sex. Tiga bentuk perilaku seksual yaitu: 1) pegangan tangan dengan pacar atau pasangan; 2) berpelukan dengan pacar atau pasangan; 3) berciuman pipi dengan pacar atau pasangan dengan persentase tinggi sedangkan lima belas bentuk perilaku seksual lainnya berada pada persentase rendah.`Untuk mengantisipasi perilaku seksual pranikah di kalangan mahasiswa terutama yang melakukan hubungan seksual hingga mengakibatkan kehamilan perlu ada sikap yang tegas dari pimpinan perguruan tinggi kepada mahasiswa yang melanggar aturan yang ada baik laki-laki maupun perempuan dengan memberhentikan atau mengeluarkan mereka dari perguruan tinggi tersebut. Hal itu diharapkan untuk memberikan efek jera kepada pelanggar aturan sekaligus memberikan pembelajaran kepada adik-adik kelasnya.    

scholarly journals Perilaku Seksual Remaja dan Pengaruh Lingkungan Sosial pada Anak-Anak Keluarga Migran dan Nonmigran

Populasi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sri Purwatiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Adolescent Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Relations ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancies ◽  
Migrant Households ◽  
Premarital Sexual

Premarital sexual behavior in adolescents is a social problem that needs attention. Premarital sexual behavior is problematic, because it is not balanced with adequate knowledge of reproductive health, so it often results in unwanted pregnancies among adolescents. The social environment is one of the factors that can be a driving factor for adolescent behavior, but on the other hand the social environment can also make behavioral changes. This article will describe adolescent sexual behavior, both for adolescents from migrant and non-migrant households in the CHAMPSEA (Child Health and Migrant Parents in South East Asia) research area in West Java and East Java. Respondents for this article are young adults with a sample of 429 adolescents from migrant and non-migrant households. The results of the study show that as many as 5.07 percent of unmarried adolescents have had premarital sexual relations, which are carried out both by adolescents from migrant and non-migrant households. Based on gender, premarital sexual behavior is more often carried out by girls than boys. While the age of first premarital sexual intercourse is mostly carried out by adolescents aged 18 years (35 percent), which is different from their perceptions of the age of marriage. Whereas based on the social environment of adolescents, there are 28.74 percent of respondents who have friends who have premarital sexual relations, have premarital sexual relations.

scholarly journals Perilaku seksual promiskuitas pada remaja laki-laki Wirobrajan Kota Yogyakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Hernawan Isnugroho ◽  
Atik Triratnawati ◽  
Supriyati Supriyati
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
The Impact

Promiscuity in sexual behavior in adolescent boys in Wirobrajan, Yogyakarta cityPurposeThis study aimed to obtain a description of the factors that promote promiscuity in sexual behavior and its impact in adolescent boys in Wirobrajan.MethodThis qualitative research used a case study design, using snowball sampling. Data were analyzed by content analysis technique.ResultsThe permissiveness of sexual behavior of teenagers will have an impact, and is easily affected by promiscuity behavior. The influence of peer group or peers is very dominant in the behavior of teen promiscuity. Lack of adolescent awareness about the dangers of promiscuity, the orientation of seeking pleasure and curiosity triggers the behavior of teen promiscuity by exploiting loopholes of rules and lack of control. The confidence and experience of the impact of promiscuity behavior becomes the dominant factor so that teenagers who do not behave with promiscuity do not repeat the behavior. Impact of juvenile promiscuity behavior among others included being ostracized, gonorrhea, syphilis, and genital herpes and other sexually transmitted diseases.ConclusionGreater supervision is needed from various sectors and enforcement of the rules so that the behavior and impact of promiscuity can be minimized. The supervision of teenagers’ association will have an impact on adolescent behavior.

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