THE RESULTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE AGRARIAN POLICY AT THE CURRENT STAGE OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
T. Yarkova
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (30) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Марина Побегайло ◽  
◽  
Сергей Ежелый ◽  

The article presents an analysis of such components of economic security of the fishing complex of the Kaliningrad region as technical and production, technological, investment and innovation security. The most detailed analysis of the state of the fishing fleet of the fisheries complex, the main ways and directions of ship modernization are studied. As a result of the analysis, threats to economic security characteristic of the current stage of economic development are identified. The authors propose measures to improve the level of economic security of the research object, and show the prospects of its development. Special attention is paid to the development of investment policy to ensure the implementation of the program for the modernization of fishing industry vessels in the region, as well as support for other promising measures.


2021 ◽  
pp. 38-50
Author(s):  
Кирилл Викторович Колончин ◽  
Сергей Николаевич Серегин ◽  
Георгий Владимирович Сысоев

Социальные вызовы и экономика - для всех это те проблемы, которые должны решаться государством совместно с предпринимательским сообществом в приоритетном порядке, чтобы обеспечить устойчивый экономический рост в отраслях агропромышленного и рыбохозяйственного комплексов. Анализ процессов социально-экономического развития страны необходимо рассматривать с учетом накопленных экономических дисбалансов, технологических изменений, инноваций и собственно внешнего шока неэкономической природы - пандемии коронавируса, который спровоцировал запуск разносторонних кризисных явлений, затрагивающий все стороны жизни общества. Чтобы изменить устоявшуюся тенденцию либеральной модели развития экономки, необходимо, чтобы роль государства при переходе к новой модели развития была усилена, что обусловлено необходимостью сохранения продовольственной безопасности и целостности территории Российской Федерации. Для стимулирования инновационной и инвестиционной деятельности, повышения технико-технологического уровня производства необходимо в рамках принятых программных документов выделять основные приоритеты и необходимые для этих направлений ресурсы, осуществляя постоянный мониторинг принимаемых решений. Выстраивание новой системы государственного управления для реализации программных документов в сфере развития АПК и рыбохозяйственного комплекса станет гарантией достижения поставленных государством целей в установленные сроки. Social challenges and the economy - for all these are the problems that must be addressed by the state together with the business community as a priority in order to ensure sustainable economic growth in the agricultural and fishery sectors. The analysis of the processes of the country's socio-economic development should be considered taking into account the accumulated economic imbalances, technological changes, innovations and the actual external shock of a non-economic nature - the coronavirus pandemic, which triggered the launch of various crisis phenomena affecting all aspects of society. In order to change the established trend of the liberal model of economic development, it is necessary that the role of the state in the transition to a new development model be strengthened, which is due to the need to preserve food security and the integrity of the territory of the Russian Federation. To stimulate innovation and investment activities, to increase the technical and technological level of production, it is necessary, within the framework of the adopted program documents, to allocate the main priorities and the resources necessary for these areas, carrying out constant monitoring of the decisions made. Building a new system of public administration for the implementation of program documents in the development of the agro-industrial complex and the fishery complex will guarantee the achievement of the goals set by the state in a timely manner.


Author(s):  
Valery L. Sysoev

Attention is focused on issues related to the study of the post-reform evolution of the state peasantry. The views of historians of different periods on the nature of the socio-economic development of the former state peasants in the late 19th – early 20th centuries are analyzed. It is argued that the stated problems have been relatively little studied, due to insufficient representation in the sources. As a result, the chronological framework of almost all category studies is limited to the 60s–70s of the 19th century. It is noted that the early works are characterized by a predominantly economic agenda with a subsequent shift to socio-political issues. On the whole, Soviet historians agreed on the initial economic superiority of the state village and the more dynamic nature of social processes among state peasants. However, these advantages could not be realized in the socio-economic relations that developed at that time and taking into account the nature of the state agrarian policy. The current stage is marked by an increase in interest in the state village, against the background of the expansion of the conceptual and methodological scientific arsenal. The number of works based on regional materials has noticeably increased. Analysis of these works allows us to conclude that the main attention of researchers is focused on economic aspects; social aspects are studied less and are predominantly general in nature.


2020 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
А.И. Голубева ◽  
Ю.В. Шуматбаева ◽  
В.И. Дорохова ◽  
А.В. Коновалов ◽  
К.В. Павлов

Дана краткая характеристика двенадцати этапов реформирования аграрной сферы России за период с середины XVI века по настоящее время, отмечено, что всегда аграрные реформы проводились «сверху» без учёта мнения крестьян и в основном заключались в повышении изъятия их доходов без оказания существенной поддержки. Лишь реформы 1906 года (столыпинской) и периода 1965–1991 гг. были направлены на улучшение условий жизни работников сельского хозяйства: повышались цены на сельскохозяйственную продукцию, сельхозпредприятиям предоставлялась возможность получения льготного кредита, повышались доходы крестьян, укреплялась материально-техническая база сельхозорганизаций, обеспечивался рост производства сельскохозяйственной продукции. Аграрная реформа, начавшаяся с 1991 года, в связи с переходом к рыночным отношениям, основанным на свободе ценообразования, и самоустранением государства от выполнения функций управления сельским хозяйством, привела к резкому спаду производства сельхозпродукции, сокращению и субъектов аграрной сферы, и численности работников, неиспользованию большого количества сельскохозяйственных угодий по назначению. Данные проведённого нами анализа показателей социально-экономического развития сельских муниципальных районов Ярославской области свидетельствуют о деградации ресурсного потенциала и обезлюживанию большинства сельских территорий, что не способствует дальнейшему развитию аграрного сектора и росту объёмов производства сельскохозяйственной продукции в регионе, а уровень продовольственной независимости области по молоку и мясу на четверть меньше норматива. В последние годы отмечена положительная тенденция в модернизации животноводческих помещений крупными сельхозпредприятиями региона. Несмотря на это, авторы характеризуют сложившуюся ситуацию в регионе как негативную, требующую коренного изменения аграрной политики государства в части пространственного размещения производительных сил, поддержания доходности сельскохозяйственных предприятий и возобновления развития социальной сферы села. A brief description of the twelve stages of reform of the agrarian sphere of Russia for the period from the middle of the 16th century to the present is given, it is noted that always agrarian reforms were carried out "from above" without taking into account the opinion of peasants and mainly consisted in increasing the withdrawal of their income without providing significant support. Only the reforms of 1906 (Stolypin) and the period 1965–1991 were aimed at improving the living conditions of agricultural workers: prices for agricultural products were increased, agricultural enterprises were given the opportunity to receive a preferential loan, peasant incomes were increased, the material and technical base of agricultural organizations was strengthened, agricultural production was increased. The agrarian reform begun in 1991 due to the transition to market relations based on freedom of pricing and the self-removal of the state from performing the functions of agricultural management, led to a sharp decline in agricultural production, a reduction in both the subjects of the agrarian sphere and the number of workers, and the non-use of a large number of agricultural land by intended purpose. The data of our analysis of indicators of the socio-economic development of rural municipal areas of the Yaroslavl region indicate the degradation of resource potential and the depopulation of most rural territories, which does not contribute to the further development of the agricultural sector and the growth of agricultural production in the region, and the level of food independence of the region for milk and meat is a quarter less than the standard. In recent years, a positive trend has been noted in the modernization of livestock buildings by large agricultural enterprises in the region. Despite this, the authors characterize the current situation in the region as negative, requiring a radical change in the agrarian policy of the state in terms of spatial placement of productive forces, maintaining the profitability of agricultural enterprises and resuming the development of the social sphere of the village.


Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-152
Author(s):  
Mukhaer Pakkanna

Political democracy should be equivalent to the economic development of the quality of democracy, economic democracy if not upright, even the owner of the ruling power and money, which is parallel to force global corporatocracy. Consequently, the economic oligarchy preservation reinforces control of production and distribution from upstream to downstream and power monopoly of the market. The implication, increasingly sharp economic disparities, exclusive owner of the money and power become fertile, and the end could jeopardize the harmony of the national economy. The loss of national economic identity that makes people feel lost the “pilot of the state”. What happens then is the autopilot state. Viewing unclear direction of the economy, the national economy should clarify the true figure.


2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Chobotko ◽  
L. Raychuk ◽  
I. McDonald

The aim of the article was to defi ne the role of the radioactive environment contamination in the formation of ecosystem services strategy. Methods. Monographic, systemic and structural, factor analysis, abstract and logical research methods have been used. The data from the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine, the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine, materials of scientifi c researches, international materials and reports and other literary sources on the issues investigated have been used as an information base. Results. Retrospective analysis of sources and state of radioactive eco- systems contamination was conducted and the priority steps in developing the concept of ecosystem services in conditions of radiation contamination were found. Conclusions. The current socio-ecological paradigm of the transition from environmental use to environmental management should be refl ected in the relevant envi- ronmental management mechanisms. Currently, when assessing the state of ecosystem services in Ukraine and worldwide one must take into account the changes in food demand of residents of radioactively contaminated areas, the exploitation of radioactively safe ecosystems growth, their overload and degradation. All of this re- quires an inventory of ecosystem services by type, region, consumers, etc. and the formation of a state register of ecosystem services with a clear assignment of area of responsibility for appropriate natural ecosystems. This will help to make the economic evaluation of different ecosystem services and mechanisms of charges for ecosystem services.


2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
Lidia Mierzejewska ◽  
Jerzy Parysek

Abstract The complexity of the reality studied by geographical research requires applying such methods which allow describing the state of affairs and ongoing changes in the best possible way. This study aims to present a model of research on selected aspects of the dynamics and structure of socio-economic development. The idea was to determine whether we deal with the process of reducing or widening the differences in terms of individual features. The article primarily pursues a methodological goal, and to a lesser extent an empirical one. The methodological objective of the paper was to propose and verify a multi-aspect approach to the study of development processes. The analyses carried out reveal that in terms of the features taken into account in the set of 24 of the largest Polish cities the dominating processes are those increasing differences between cities, which are unfavourable in the context of the adopted development policies aiming at reducing the existing disparities. In relation to the methodological objective, the results of the conducted research confirm the rationale of the application of the measures of dynamics and the feature variance to determine the character (dynamics and structure) of the socio-economic development process of cities. Comparatively less effective, especially for interpretation, is the application of principal component analysis and a multivariate classification, which is mainly the result of differences in the variance of particular features.


Author(s):  
Olena Pikaliuk ◽  
◽  
Dmitry Kovalenko ◽  

One of the main criteria for economic development is the size of the public debt and its dynamics. The article considers the impact of public debt on the financial security of Ukraine. The views of scientists on the essence of public debt and financial security of the state are substantiated. An analysis of the dynamics and structure of public debt of Ukraine for 2014-2019. It is proved that one of the main criteria for economic development is the size of public debt and its dynamics. State budget deficit, attracting and using loans to cover it have led to the formation and significant growth of public debt in Ukraine. The volume of public debt indicates an increase in the debt security of the state, which is a component of financial security. Therefore, the issue of the impact of public debt on the financial security of Ukraine is becoming increasingly relevant. The constant growth and large amounts of debt make it necessary to study it, which will have a positive impact on economic processes that will ensure the stability of the financial system and enhance its security.


2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
N. P. Molchanova

The paper deals with the methodology and practice of the state regulation of the regional economy based on the legislative framework and works of Russian scientists in the historical context with account for the specifics of the current period of market transformation. The subject of research is organizational and economic relations, aimed at improving the management efficiency of regional socio-economic development. The purpose of research was to identify the key problems of the regional economy regulation preventing the balanced functioning of administrative-territorial entities and substantiate the need to boost measures of state support. Based on the dialectical cognition method and the system approach, the positions of leading scientists and scientific schools on topical issues of the regional economy as a scientific discipline were analyzed, which made it possible to identify the main reasons hampering socio-economic transformations and justify measures for running a more active regional policy. It is concluded that consistent improvement of methodological and organizational approaches creates prerequisites for improving the results of the socio-economic development at the regional level; however, in the current situation of the macroeconomic instability serious problems may arise to be resolved primarily by the state regulation.


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