scholarly journals DANO MORAL: PROTEÇÃO JURÍDICA À SAÚDE DO TRABALHADOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-78
Author(s):  
Ana Célia Bohn ◽  
Eliane Chaves Camilo Leite ◽  
Isabel Cristina Bohn Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Human Person ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Know How ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
Personal Rights ◽  
The Social ◽  
Moral Damage ◽  
The Subject

Desde a Constituição Federal de 1988, na qual se reconhece a “dignidade da pessoa humana” e os “valores sociais do trabalho” percorre-se um longo caminho até que isso realmente se concretize. Nesta discussão teórica, aborda-se o significado de dano moral, sua importância e seus efeitos na saúde do trabalhador, a atenção jurídica dispensada ao assunto e a banalização do conceito da ofensa à dignidade na busca de recursos indevidos. Quando a ofensa à dignidade se torna passível de indenização de dano moral? Como a justiça do trabalho mensura o dano psicológico? Objetivou-se com o estudo analisar como o dano moral afeta a saúde física e mental, desenvolvendo sintomas silenciosos e graves, podendo levar o trabalhador ao suicídio, e conhecer como a esfera judiciária trabalhista tem tratado o assunto. Buscou-se com essa problemática, por meio da pesquisa bibliográfica com o método indutivo para demonstrar os dispositivos legais utilizados pelos magistrados para julgar casos de dano moral e preservar os direitos personalíssimos do trabalhador.Palavras-Chave: Dano moral. Justiça do trabalho. Saúde do trabalhador. MORAL DAMAGE: LEGAL PROTECTION OF WORKER'S HEALTHAbstract: Since the Federal Constitution of 1988, which recognizes the "dignity of the human person" and the "social values of work", it goes a long way until this really materializes. This theoretical discussion addresses the meaning of moral damage, its importance and its effects on the health of the worker, the legal attention given to the subject and the banalization of the concept of offense to dignity in the search for undue resources. When does the offense against dignity become liable to compensation for moral damages? How does labor justice measure psychological damage? The objective of this study was to analyze how moral damage affects physical and mental health, developing silent and serious symptoms, which can lead the worker to suicide, and to know how the labor judicial sphere has dealt with the subject. We sought this problem through the literature search with the inductive method to demonstrate the legal devices used by magistrates to judge cases of moral damage and preserve the most personal rights of the worker.Keywords: Moral damage. Work justice. Worker's healt.

scholarly journals A composição legislativa na composição da personalidade humana

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirceu Pereira Siqueira ◽  
Maria Luiza De Souza Rocha ◽  
Rodrigo Ichikawa Claro Silva
Keyword(s):  
Human Dignity ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Human Person ◽  
Social Legitimacy ◽  
Social Actions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Free Development ◽  
Political Choices ◽  
The Subject

RESUMOPauta-se por reflexões circundantes a determinados princípios e valores que alicerçam ordenamentos pretensamente promovedores da pessoa humana como eixo vital de proteção e fomento, em consonância com a efetivação de direitos, em especial aqueles primordiais ao núcleo medular da personalidade e dignidade humana, na contraposição de aspectos e influências que derruem a legitimidade social de certas escolhas políticas eivadas de intenções particulares antagônicas ao melhor interesse público. Visa promover certa conscientização pela necessidade de (re)consideração de determinadas atuações político-sociais, notadamente no âmbito legislativo, para que sejam debelados obstáculos os quais se opõem ao reconhecimento e à real participação de cada pessoa na formação de elementos garantidores do livre desenvolvimento da personalidade e de uma vivência digna a todos. No que concerne ao aspecto metodológico desenvolve-se este trabalho, principalmente, pelo método dedutivo, através de pesquisa bibliográfica em escritos componentes do direito, rumo à formulação de considerações pretensamente conclusivas acerca da temática posta ao debate.PALAVRAS-CHAVEDireitos fundamentais. Pluralismo. Desenvolvimento da personalidade. Dignidade humana. ABSTRACTIt is guided by reflections surrounding certain principles and values that underpin laws that are supposed to promote the human person as a vital axis of protection and promotion, in line with the realization of rights, especially those primordial to the core core of personality and human dignity, in contrast of aspects and influences that overturn the social legitimacy of certain political choices and of private intentions antagonistic to the best public interest. It aims to promote a certain awareness of the need to (re) consider certain political and social actions, especially in the legislative sphere, so that obstacles are overcome, which oppose the recognition and real participation of each person in the formation of elements guaranteeing the free development of personality and a worthy experience to all. As far as the methodological aspect is concerned, this work is developed mainly by the deductive method, through bibliographical research in written components of the law, towards the formulation of supposedly conclusive considerations about the subject matter under debate.KEYWORDSFundamental rights. Pluralism. Personality development. Human dignity

scholarly journals O Direito-Dever à Cultura e à Preservação do Patrimônio Cultural

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
Silviana Lucia Henkes ◽  
Alexandre Fernandes Gastal ◽  
Priscila Mielke
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Intergenerational Equity ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Public Power ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right

O cidadão tem constitucionalmente assegurado o direito à cultura (artigo 215),assim como o dever de proteger o patrimônio cultural, já que o mesmo integra o meio ambiente (artigo 225 da CF∕88). Desse modo, o artigo tem como objetivo evidenciar a importância da participação social na preservação do patrimônio cultural, analisando os principais instrumentos jurídicos dispostos à consecução desta finalidade, como forma de assegurar a efetividade do direito-dever à cultura e à preservação do patrimônio cultural, além de garantir a equidade intergeracional no acesso à cultura e fruição do meio ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado. A utilização dos instrumentos jurídicos, de forma direta ou através da provocação dos entes legitimados, pela sociedade, potencializa a efetividade do novo regime jurídico-constitucional de direitos-deveres, tendo em vista que os instrumentos de tutela do patrimônio cultural específicos (inventário, registro, tombamento e desapropriação),  arrolados pela Constituição Federal de 1988 (artigo 216 §1º) dependem da ação direta do Poder Público e, na maioria deles, a participação social é relegada ao plano secundário, tornando-se perfunctória. A pesquisa estabelece a seguinte hipótese: a efetividade do direito à cultura depende da participação social na gestão e preservação do patrimônio cultural, inclusive, através da utilização dos instrumentos jurídicos de prevenção e reparação de danos, assim como, daqueles capazes de anular ou declarar nulos os atos lesivos. O trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir do método indutivo, foram usadas referências nacionais e estrangeiras. AbstractThe citizen has the right to culture constitutionally assured (article 215), as well as the duty to protect cultural heritage, once it integrates the environment (article 225 of the Federal Constitution, 1988). So, this article has the objective to show the importance of social participation in the preservation of the cultural heritage, analyzing the principal juridical instruments available to the consecution of this finality, as a way to assure the effectiveness of the right to culture and the preservation of the cultural heritage, besides guaranteeing the intergenerational equity in the access to culture and the fruition of the environment ecologically balanced. The use of the juridical instruments, directly or through the provocation of the legitimate, by society, potentiates the effectiveness of the right to culture, once the specific instruments of guardianship of the cultural heritage (inventory, registry, safekeeping and expropriation) mentioned in the Federal Constitution of 1988 (article 216, 1st §) depend on the direct action of the Public Power, and, in the majority of the instruments, social participation is relegated to a secondary plan, becoming perfunctory. The research establishes the following hipothesis:1) the effectiveness of the right to culture depends on the social participation in the management and preservation of the cultural heritage, including the use of the juridical instruments of prevention and repairing of damage, as well as those of cancellation and nullity of the harmful acts. Inductive method was applied to the work, and national and foreign references were used. KeywordsCultural heritage. Right to culture. Intergenerational equity. Environmental preservation. Juridical instruments.

scholarly journals Inclusão do Aluno Autista na Escola: Um Olhar sobre a Mediação Pedagógica / Inclusion of the Autistic Student in School: A Look at Pedagogical Mediation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (58) ◽  
pp. 679-686
Author(s):  
Iracelia Pereira Silva de Araújo ◽  
Aurelania Maria De Carvalho Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Teaching Strategies ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Autistic Patient ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Behavior

Resumo: Esse trabalho teve por objetivo apresentar uma abordagem geral dos pacientes autistas bem como, as características e dificuldades que são enfrentadas para a inclusão destes, no âmbito escolar. Para fundamentação da pesquisa, foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados, usando as palavras-chaves: autismo, inclusão escolar, educação básica. Também foram realizadas leituras de aportes teóricos que ampliam e enriquecem a discussão da temática. A busca se deu através de artigos indexados nas plataformas de dados (Google acadêmico) e Biblioteca Virtual De Saúde (BVS) e SCIELO. Foi constatado que ainda existe uma larga escala de pessoas na sociedade, que precisam ter mais conhecimento acerca da síndrome para que desse modo, saibam lidar e possam entender o paciente autista, porque compreendendo é mais fácil a inclusão destes no meio social e escolar. Entender o comportamento de cada autista também favorece a melhor forma para desenvolvimentos de estratégias de ensinos que visem estimular a aprendizagem e o comportamento destes. Palavras-Chave: Autismo; Inclusão Escolar; Atenção Básica. --- Inclusion of the Autistic Student in School: A Look at Pedagogical Mediation Abstract: This work aimed to present a general approach to autistic patients as well as the characteristics and difficulties that are faced for their inclusion in the school environment. To support the research, searches were carried out in the databases, using the keywords: autism, school inclusion, basic education. There were also readings of theoretical contributions that broaden and enrich the discussion of the subject. The search was carried out through articles indexed in data platforms (academic Google) and Virtual Health Library (BVS) and SCIELO. It was found that there is still a large scale of people in society, who need to have more knowledge about the syndrome so that, in this way, they know how to deal with and can understand the autistic patient, because understanding their inclusion in the social and school environment is easier. Understanding the behavior of each autistic person also favors the best way to develop teaching strategies aimed at stimulating their learning and behavior. Keywords: Autism; School inclusion; Primary Care.

scholarly journals Being Gifted as Negative Certainty

Open Theology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-240
Author(s):  
David Mark Dunning
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Human Nature ◽  
Human Subject ◽  
Theological Anthropology ◽  
Human Person ◽  
The Social ◽  
Contemporary Philosopher ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Subjective Phenomenon ◽  
Human Embodiment

Abstract Existentialism centres reflection upon the bodily existence of the human person. Generally, however, theological anthropology has struggled to manage developments in biological and psychological sciences that have made clear the pluriformity of human embodiment. The work of the social sciences has also increased the visibility of minority, disadvantaged, or neglected persons. Theological anthropology must begin to conceive of an inclusive, non-static understanding of human nature that fully acknowledges the integrity and the diverse identities of the human subject. To riposte, this article utilises the interplay between phenomenology and theology in the work of the contemporary philosopher-theologian Jean-Luc Marion. Marion undeniably sees the root of the human in the concrete free person; he recognises an ever-receding, indefinable horizon towards which the incomprehensible existence of the subjective phenomenon is universally oriented. In this article I focus on how a combination of the theology of the subject and its existential orientation, realised through the freedom of incomprehensibility à la Marion, may provide a dynamic basis for understanding human nature at a time when subjective diversity is ever more asserted.

scholarly journals PROTEÇÃO E CONSERVAÇÃO DA GEODIVERSIDADE NA LEGISLAÇÃO BRASILEIRA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Antonio Pires Munhoz ◽  
Heros Augusto Santos Lobo
Keyword(s):  
Public Policies ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
National Legislation ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Brazilian Legislation ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
The Subject

Resumo:Desde o aparecimento do termo geodiversidade na década de 1980, sua utilização vem se dando de forma reiterada pelos pesquisadores e cientistas das geociências. Com a criação da rede de geoparques da UNESCO no início dos anos 2000, o termo geodiversidade vem destacando a necessidade de conservação dos aspectos abióticos do planeta, a qual está diretamente relacionada às políticas públicas e legislação existente e aplicável sobre o tema. Desta relação surgiu o questionamento se a legislação brasileira tutela devidamente a geodiversidade, bem como se existem instrumentos para sua efetiva conservação. A análise se iniciou pela revisão teórica do termo geodiversidade, passando em seguida para análise da presença da geodiversidade e seus elementos na Constituição Federal de 1988 e em seguida na legislação infraconstitucional. As análises e discussões desenvolvidas evidenciam a presença de elementos da geodiversidade e direcionamentos de geoconservação na legislação brasileira. No entanto, a ausência de definições precisas pode gerar riscos na interpretação, ao que se sugere uma discussão mais ampla no âmbito legal para evitar futuras divergências interpretativas.Palavras Chave: Legislação, geodiversidade, geoconservação, proteção legalAbstract:PROTECTION AND CONSERVATION OF GEODIVERSITY IN BRAZILIAN LAWS. Since the term geodiversity appeared in the 1980s, it has been used repeatedly by researchers and scientists of the geosciences. By the emergence of the UNESCO Geoparks Network at the beginning of the first decade of the second millennium, the term geodiversity (and all that it represents) increased the interest of the worldwide people for conservation of abiotic aspects of the planet. Conservation is directly related to public policies and applicable law on the subject. So, a disturbing question emerged to know if the Brazilian legislation adequately protects the geodiversity, pushing the authorship to search the answer for that question in previous studies as well as in existing legislation. The analysis involved the theoretical review of geodiversity term in several authors, moving then to analyze the presence of geodiversity and its elements in the Federal Constitution of 1988 and then on national legislation. The analysis and discussion developed evidences the presence of geodiversity elements and geoconservation general guidelines in Brazilian laws. However, the lack of precise definitions can generate misuse of definitions and laws, which raises the authors to suggest new and wide discussions in legal therms, avoiding interpretative divergences.Keywords: Legislation, geodiversity, geoconservation, legal protection

scholarly journals PERLINDUNGAN HUKUMTERHADAP KEDUDUKAN JANDACERAI MATI MENURUT HUKUM ISLAM, UNDANG-UNDANG PERKAWINAN DAN HUKUM NASRANI YANG BERBASIS NILAI KEADILAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Amri P Sihotang ◽  
Doddy Kridasaksana ◽  
A.Heru Nuswanto
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Know How ◽  
Patriarchal Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Political Economic

<p>Posisi perempuan di mata hukum saat ini belum mendapatkan tempat yang menguntungkan. Walaupun perempuan sudah mempunyai status sosial yang cukup mulia, tetapi mereka masih perlu mendapatkan pemahaman yang lebih tentang sosial, politik dan hukum.Keadaan ini juga sangat berpengaruh terhadap kaum perempuan yang menuntut pelepasan diri dari nilai-nilai hukum yang bersifat diskriminatif antara, peran, hak, dan kewenangan kaum lelaki dibanding dengan kaum perempuan. Mereka berpendapat bahwa hukum  itu tidak memberi peran hak dan derajat yang sama antara pria dengan perempuan dalam kehidupan, sosial budaya, politik,ekonomi dan juga dalam kehidupan rumah tangga serta harta perkawinan dan warisan.Berpijak dari yang telah diuraikan penelitian iniakan mengkaji bagaimanakah  Kedudukan Janda  Cerai Mati  pada masyarakat bagaimanakah Perlindungan HukumTerhadapKedudukanJanda  Cerai MatiMenurut Hukum Islam, Undang-Undang Perkawinan, danHukum Nasrani yang BerbasisNilaiKeadilan.TujuanPenelitianUntuk mengetahui bagaimana kedudukan Janda cerai mati pada Masyarakat danUntuk mengetahui bagaimana perlindungan hokum terhadap janda cerai mati menurut hukum Islam, Undang-Undang Perkawinan, danHukum Nasrani yang Berbasis Keadian.Metode pendekatan yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah metode yuridis normatif. Kedudukan janda cerai mati disebagian masyarakat masih dipandang cenderung negatif. Budaya Patriarki yang dianut dalam masyarakat seakan mengakibatkan posisi janda ditempatkan dalam posisi rendah dibandingkan dengan mereka yang bersuami. Perlindungan hukum terhadap kedudukan janda memiliki konsep yang berbeda-beda.</p><p> </p><p>Position woman in the eyes of the previous law are currently favorable for Places Not to get. Although Women Already have Social Status Sufficient noble, but they Still Need to get a greater understanding of the social, political and singer hukum.Keadaan Also very influential Against Women Yang demanded the Company Company Yourself From Values That law is discriminatory BETWEEN, Role, rights, and authority of men compared to women. They argue that the role of the law WAS NOT Giving equal rights and degrees The man BETWEEN THE Women hearts of life, social, cultural, political, economic and domestic life hearts Also And Marriage And warisan.Berpijak treasure of which has been described iniakan study examines how the Status Widow Divorced dead ON 'community how divorce MatiMenurut HukumTerhadapKedudukanJanda Protection of Islamic Law, Marriage Law, Christian danHukum The BerbasisNilaiKeadilan.TujuanPenelitianUntuk know how to position ON society widow die divorce danUntuk know how legal protection against divorcee die * According to Islamic law, the Marriage Act, The Christian danHukum Keadian.Metode based Research approach The Singer Was used hearts normative method. Position divorcee die disebagian 'society is still seen tend to be negative. The patriarchal culture embraced hearts' As if society resulted POSITION POSITION hearts widow placed more low compared to those who get married. Legal protection against notch widow has different concept.</p>

scholarly journals O Dumping Social e a Proteção aos Direitos Sociais dos Trabalhadores

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Patrícia Casagrande ◽  
Tereza Cristina Meurer Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Case Law ◽  
Labor Standards ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
Legal Concept ◽  
International Labor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Approach Method ◽  
The Subject

O DUMPING SOCIAL E A PROTEÇÃO AOS DIREITOS SOCIAIS DOS TRABALHADORES THE SOCIAL DUMPING AND THE PROTECTION OF WORKER’S SOCIAL RIGHTS RESUMO: O presente artigo versa sobre o dumping social e a proteção aos direitos dos trabalhadores. Inicialmente, faz-se um breve histórico sobre a legislação antidumping, a seguir, aborda-se o conceito jurídico de dumping e de dumping social. Por fim, traz-se a discussão internacional acerca da cláusula social e dos padrões trabalhistas no âmbito da Organização Mundial do Comércio - OMC e da Organização Internacional do Trabalho - OIT. O principal objetivo assenta-se em saber se realmente existe uma preocupação com os direitos dos trabalhadores diante do dumping social, ou se as medidas discutidas não passam de protecionismo disfarçado. Para a materialização da pesquisa, quanto ao método de abordagem utilizar-se-á o método indutivo; quanto ao procedimento, adotar-se-á o método monográfico; e quanto aos procedimentos técnicos, a técnica de pesquisa será a bibliográfica e documental, recorrendo-se a doutrina, a publicações em periódicos, a jurisprudência e a dissertações e teses sobre o tema. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Direitos Sociais; Dumping Social; Cláusula Social; Padrões Trabalhistas. ABSTRACT: The present article deals with social dumping and the protection of worker’s rights. Initially, it is made a brief review of the anti-dumping legislation, next, it is approached the legal concept of dumping and of social dumping. Finally, it is brought the international discussion on social clause and the World Trade Organization - WTO and International Labor Organization - ILO labor Standards. The main objective is to know if there is really any concern for the worker’s right in face of the social dumping or if the actions taken are nothing more than masked protectionism. For the development of this research, it will be used the inductive method as approach method; the monographic method will be used as procedure; about the technical procedures, the research techniques will be bibliographical and documentary, using doctrine, articles in scientific journals, case law and dissertations and theses on the subject. KEYWORDS: Social Rights. Social Dumping. Social Clause. Labor Standards.

scholarly journals As funções sociais da cidade e a Constituição federal de 1988: das Cartas de Atenas à ordem pluralista constitucional / The city’s social functions and the 1988 Federal Constitution: from Athens Letters to the constitutional pluralist order

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 152-174
Author(s):  
Emerson Affonso da Costa Moura
Keyword(s):  
Urban Policy ◽  
Political Order ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Constitutional Order ◽  
Federal Constitution ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City

ResumoA identificação de uma noção e conteúdo das funções sociais da cidade diante da insuficiência da regulação normativa e da divergência doutrinária, que se adéque as finalidades da ordem política e a função promocional do Direito, bem como, aos bens e valores fundamentais tutelados pela ordem constitucional é o tema posto em debate. Verifica-se em que medida, as funções sociais da cidade não podem se limitar àquelas previstas nas Cartas de Atenas, mas devem abranger e concretizar igualmente os princípios, objetivos, programas, direitos e garantias constitucionais.Palavras-chave: Direito da cidade; política urbana; funções sociais da cidade; Carta de Atenas; Constituição de 1988. AbstractThe identification of a notion and content of the social functions of the city in face of the insufficiency of normative regulation and doctrinal divergence, which adapts the aims of the political order and the promotional function of Law, as well as to the fundamental goods and values protected by constitutional order is the subject of debate. It is verified to what extent, the social functions of the city cannot be limited to those provided for in the Letters of Athens, but must also encompass and concretize the constitutional principles, objectives, programs, rights and guarantees.Keywords: City law; urban policy; social functions of the city; Athens Charter; 1988 Constitution.

scholarly journals DOA SEBAGAI BENTUK PERTUKARAN EKONOMI

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Wida Ayu Puspitosari ◽  
Rona Bethari Sugianto
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Social Exchanges ◽  
Peace Of Mind ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

This study discusses the practice of social exchange at joint prayer activities at the 'X' Orphanage in Sidoarjo. The joint prayer activities at the 'X' Sidoarjo Orphanage were routinely carried out by two main donors who at the same time became one of the main informants of this study. The purpose of this study is to know how to practice social exchange using the social exchange theory of George C. Homans. There are five propositions presented by Homans in his exchange theory which are the main discussion in this study. The method used in this study is descriptive qualitative with the subject of research as many as three main informants consisting of orphanage owners and two main donors to the orphanage. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study show that social exchanges that occur between orphanages and donors in prayer activities together wrap exchanges that are actually economic. Where, both donors carry out joint prayers as a manifestation of the implementation of CSR programs and the obligation to pay zakat. This then has the effect of peace of mind for the two donors over the fall of economic and religious obligations inherent in both. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um021v4i12019p059

scholarly journals SYTUACJA PRAWNA DYSPONENTA KNOW-HOW

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Bielecka-Dobroczek
Keyword(s):  
Legal Protection ◽  
Trade Secret ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Unfair Competition ◽  
Industrial Property ◽  
Know How ◽  
Legal Position ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Polish Law ◽  
Exclusive Right

LEGAL POSITION OF KNOW-HOW HOLDERSummary The subject of the article is the reconstruction of the meaning of the term know-how and the analysis of its holder’s legal position.Know-how is defined as technical, commercial, financial knowledge or experiences of any other kind, which are useful in trade or learned professions. The legal goods that are patented or registered cannot be considered as know-how. The knowledge consisting in know-how must be of confidential character, which means that it should not be easily available to the public.In most cases know-how constitutes also a trade secret, protected by the Unfair Competition Act.The second part of the article presents different constructions of the legal protection of know-how, which can be based upon the exclusive right to profit derived from the use and disposal of know-how or upon a generally binding ban on injuring - in an illegal way - the authorized party’s economic interests.The analysis leads to a conclusion, that there is no absolute and exclusive right to profit derived from know-how. The construction of such a right could be well-founded only if the Polish law provided for a regulation authorizing the know-how holder to demand that nobody take advantage of his good. No such a regulation is formulated explicitly in either the Civil Code, the Industrial Property law or in the Unfair Competition Act, therefore it cannot be created by mere interpretation of Law.The legal position of the know-how holder is a factual, not legal exclusivity to profit derived from know-how, based upon its secrecy. It is indirectly protected by law of torts placed in the Civil Code and as a trade secret - by the Unfair Competition Act. Infringing upon the exclusivity through revealing or applying confidential information without the permission of the know-how holder can be considered a tort, when it is done in an illicit way and may cause an obligation to compensate the damages.

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