scholarly journals Profil dan Prevalensi Blastocystis hominis di Laboratorium Parasitologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Ronny - ◽  
Nadia L. Destifani ◽  
Edho Yuwono ◽  
Forman E. Siagian ◽  
Retno Wahyuningsih
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Emerging Disease ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Blastocystis Hominis ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Watery Stool ◽  
Hominis Infection ◽  
Age Range

Abstrak Blastocystis hominis merupakan emerging disease yang terdistribusi luas di dunia, dengan prevalensi 10% di negara maju hingga 60% di negara berkembang. Perannya sebagai mikroorganisme patogen masih kontroversial. Diduga angka kejadian B. hominis lebih banyak didapatkan pada curah hujan yang rendah dan daerah tropis/ sub-tropis. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui prevalensi, profil B. hominis di Laboratorium Parasitologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Indonesia, serta hubungan antara angka kejadian infeksi B. hominis dengan curah hujan dan kelembaban pada musim penghujan dan kemarau. Penelitian potong lintang deksriptif berdasarkan data pemeriksaan feses di Laboratorium Parasitologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Kristen Indonesia selama 20 tahun sejak Januari 2000 sampai dengan Desember 2019. Sampel feses diperiksa dari sediaan basah dengan pewarnaan eosin dan lugol, dan hasilnya dilaporkan dengan sistem skoring semi kuantitatif. Data curah hujan dan kelembaban didapatkan dari Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika Stasiun Meteorologi Kemayoran Jakarta.Didapatkan 3270 sampel, dengan hasil sampel positif B. hominissebanyak 440 sampel (14%), Prevalensi pada perempuan lebih tinggi dibandingkan laki-laki dan terbanyak pada kelompok usia 21-60 tahun (67,4%). Persentase tertinggi ditemukan pada feses dengan konsistensi cair. Tidak ditemukan hubungan antara prevalensi infeksi B. hominis dengan curah hujan (P=0,285) dan kelembaban (P=0,204).   Kata kunci: prevalensi, konsistensi, curah hujan, kelembaban, musim   Profile and Prevalence of Blastocystis hominis at Parasitology Laboratory, Medical Faculty Universitas Kristen Indonesia   Abstract Blastocystis hominis is an emerging disease that is widely distributed in the world, with a prevalence of 10% in developed countries to 60% in developing countries. Its role as a pathogen is still controversial. It is suspected that the incidence of B. hominis is mostly found in low rainfall and tropical/ sub-tropical areas. The study was conducted to determine the prevalence and profile of B. hominis in the Laboratory of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen Indonesia.and the relationship between incidence of B. hominisinfection with rainfall and humidity in the rainy and dry seasons.This descriptive cross-sectional study was based on fecal examination data at the FK UKI Parasitology Laboratory for 20 years. from January 2000 to December 2019. Stool examination was carried out by making eosin and lugol wet preparations to examine intestinal protozoa, and the results were reported using a semi-quantitative scoring system.Rainfall and humidity data are obtained from the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency of the Stasiun MeteorologiKemayoran, Jakarta. As many as3270 samples were obtained, feses with B. hominis positive results was 440 samples (14%). Based on gender, 53.1% of B. hominisinfected were women and most patients were found in the age range from 21 to 60 years (67.4%). The highest percentage was found in watery stool. There was no statistically significant between the prevalence of B. hominis infection with rainfall (p= 0.285) and humidity (p= 0.204).   Key words: prevalence, consistency, rainfall, humidity, season

scholarly journals Soil-transmitted helminth infection and skin prick test reactivity in children

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Schenny Regina Lubis ◽  
Lily Lrsa ◽  
Rita Evalina ◽  
Supriatmo Supriatmo ◽  
M. Sjabaroeddin
Keyword(s):  
Skin Prick Test ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prick Test

Background Allergic diseases cause an increasingly largeburden in developed countries and in urban areas of middleincomecountries . Paras itic infections may induce allergicresponses in humans, particularly soil-transmitted helminth(STH) infections that are prevalent in childhood in developingcountries. Although soil-transmitted helminth infec tions havebeen associated with lower prevalence of allergen skin testreactivity, study outcomes remain inconclusive.Objective To analyze for an association between STH infectionsand skin prick test reactivity in children.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in August 2009among primary school students aged 7- 12 years, at SecanggangSubdistrict, Langkat District, North Sumatera Province. Sixtyeight children were recruited in this study consisted of 34 childrenwith STH infections and the other 34 children without any STHinfection. Soil-transmitted helminth infections were determinedby Kato-Katz stool examination s. All subjects underwent skinprick tests for seven allergens. Results were con sidered to bepositive if wheal diameters 2: 3 mm and negative when whealdiameters < 3 mm. Data was an alysed by Chi-square test.Results Stool examinations revealed that the most commoninfec tion was T. trichiura (18/34 subjects), followed by mixedinfections (T. trichiura and A lumbricoides; 12/34 subjects), andA. lumbricoides (4134 subjects). There was a significant associationbetween STH infections and negative skin prick test (P= 0.002).In addition, there were significant associations with negative skinprick tests for each helminth type: A. lumbricoides (P=0.001) ,T. trichiura (P=0.01) and mixed infection (P = 0.006). Severeinfection intensity was also significantly associated with negativeskin prick tests (P=0.031) .Conclusion Children with STH infections tend to have negativeskin prick test results.

scholarly journals Prevalence of H pylori in obese attending Obesity therapy Unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-71
Author(s):  
Mumtaz K Hana
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
Obese Female ◽  
Obesity Therapy ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Age Range

Background: Obesity is an increasing health problem in developed countries and has grown into a major global epidemic. Recent studies suggested colonization of the stomach by Hpylori might affect gastric expression of appetite- and satiety-related hormone and patients cured of H pylori infection gained weight. Obesity and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are important because of the problems they lead and their frequency of occurrence. Objectives: To find out the prevalence of H. pylori infection in obese. Type of the study:A cross-sectional study Methods: A total of 32 obese female admitted to the study. Body mass indices (BMI) of all subjects were calculated   H. pylori positivity were studied. Results: The age range of   the obese   was (20-59)    and the BMI (was 25-55     kg/m²). 26 obese (81.25%) were H pylori positive, and all obese above 45 were H pylori positive. Conclusions:  Obesity and h pylori are closely associated and the prevalence of h pylori increased with obesity. We consider that H. pylori infection    can be a risk factor for obesity and   almost all obese patients above 45 years were sero positive. However, further studies evaluating more subjects are required. And we need to do national survey about h pylori prevalence in our community

Perceptions of Final Year Medical Students about Family Medicine as A Career Choice in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dur-e- Nishat
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background: Family medicine is a field in which complete and detailed set of healthcare services are provided to the patients and their families. In developed countries, freshly graduated students choose family medicine as a priority for their career. However, in Pakistan it is not the case. The present study is undertaken to determine the perceptions of final year medical students’ about Family Medicine as a viable career. Methods: A total number of 504 students participated in the study. This was a cross-sectional study. The study participants were in their final year of medical college. Data was collected using a preapproved questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed via SPSS version 17 and Chi-Square test was used post-stratification. Results: Only 14.3% (n=72) medical students had heard about Family Medicine. Only 18% (n=92) would select family medicine as a profession. The most frequent rationale for choosing the field of Family Medicine was the variety of patients seen in general practice (55.4% n=51). Conclusion: There is a dire need to focus on increasing awareness about the field of family medicine among medical students. The students should be counseled on the advantages along with the disadvantages of choosing this field as a medical profession.

Prevalence and distribution of causes of infertility according to women’s age – a cross-sectional study in a tertiary healthcare hospital setup

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keerthana Dhandapani ◽  
Bhagyalakshmi Kodavanji ◽  
Vinodini Nithyananda Madom Anantharaya ◽  
Nayanatara Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Infertility ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Objectives Infertility has disastrous consequences, particularly for women. Causes of infertility in developed countries have been investigated but there is a significant lack of data among Indian female population. The aim of the present study was to analyze the causes and the proportion of the individual factors contributing to infertility, considering the age factor. Methods The data of 204 infertile women (18–45 years) were collected from the files in tertiary care hospitals. Causes and age of infertile women were grouped. The prevalence of each cause was evaluated. Data analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 17.0. Results Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) was the most common (14.71%) cause of female infertility. Ovulatory dysfunctions (25.55%) were the foremost cause in primary infertility, whereas in secondary infertility, uterine factors (26.86%) were most common. The incidence of primary and secondary infertility was more evident in patients who were more than 30 years of age. Conclusions Causes of infertility vary according to the age. The causes of female infertility were unexplained infertility, ovulatory disorders and uterine factors most commonly affecting women at ≤30 years.

scholarly journals Determining Orthodontic Knowledge and Awareness in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 030157422110221
Author(s):  
Jyoti Mishra ◽  
Sudhir Kapoor ◽  
Jitendra Bhagchandani ◽  
Sonahita Agarwal ◽  
Vaibhav Vashishta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group I ◽  
Insignificant Difference ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Ethical Clearance ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Aim and Objective: To assess the level of awareness among local adult population (orthodontically untreated) regarding orthodontic treatment and procedures. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was planned by accessing 100 subjects comprising of 2 groups (50 male and 50 female). After due ethical clearance, a self-structured questionnaire consisting of 17 questions was given to a group of randomly selected 100 individuals with an age range of 20 to 30 years. Results: The overall awareness of orthodontics as a speciality among both the groups was only 52% to 56%. Statistically insignificant difference was found in the knowledge and awareness of orthodontic treatment among both male and female subjects, that is, Group I and II. Also, those who knew about the orthodontic treatment did not opt for it because of high cost and longer duration involved. Conclusion: More than half of the population is unaware of the scope of orthodontic treatment, and thus, they do not seek any assistance. Hence, more efforts are needed to create awareness about orthodontics and the associated benefits.

scholarly journals Use of complementary and alternative therapies by patients with eye diseases: a hospital-based cross-sectional study from Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dania Jaber ◽  
Rafat Abu Ghannam ◽  
Waleed Rashed ◽  
Mohammad Shehadeh ◽  
Sa’ed H. Zyoud
Keyword(s):  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Alternative Therapies ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complementary And Alternative Therapies ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

Abstract Background Generally, complementary and alternative therapies (CAT) are accepted methods of treatment by patients with various types of conditions. Their use is becoming especially prevalent among patients with eye problems even in developed countries. Thus, we aimed to determine the pattern of use of CAT in this patient population, to identify the patient characteristics associated with the use of CAT, and to assess the types of CAT used. Methods A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in Palestine at An-Najah National University Hospital between the time periods of October 2019 to May 2020, using questionnaire-based face to face interviews. Data were collected through convenience sampling. Patients responded to the questionnaire, which was focused on information adapted from previous research in this area, covering socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, types of CAT, source of information, and side effects on CAT use. Results A total of 86 patients were interviewed for our study. Over two thirds, 67% reported using CAT for the specific purpose of improving their eye condition, and about one third (29.1%) received more than one therapy. The most common therapies reported were duea’ (i.e. supplication) (47.1%) and herbal therapies (24.1%). It was shown that patients with bilateral involvement of their eyes were almost twice more likely to describe using CAT than patients with unilateral eye pathology (p = 0.006). Also, patients who underwent surgery as their route of treatment were significantly less likely to use CAT (p = 0.043). Most of our study participants mentioned a non-physician source as their source of information regarding CAT with family members being the most frequently mentioned (30.2%) followed by the internet (25.6%) and friends (19.8%). Conclusions The prevalence of CAT use among patients with eye disease is somewhat high in our study population. Because CAT may trigger adverse reactions, influence the progression of the disease, and interfere with conventional treatment, the ophthalmologist should frequently be asked patients with such diagnostics regarding the use of these therapies. Further work is required to analyze the mechanisms of action and to establish realistic guidelines for the use of these modalities.

scholarly journals Survey of iodine deficiency and intestinal parasitic infections in school-going children: Bie Province, Angola

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1314-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Tomlinson ◽  
Vera Adams ◽  
Mickey Chopra ◽  
Pieter Jooste ◽  
Emmerentia Strydom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
International Health ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Protozoa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
The Government

AbstractObjectiveTo obtain baseline pre-intervention prevalence levels of iodine deficiency and parasitic and helminth infections in school-going children in Bie Province, Angola.DesignA cross-sectional study conducted in randomly selected schools. The target population was children aged 6–10 years.SettingBie Province, Angola.SubjectsA total of 1029 children sampled, with 791 stool samples and 826 urine samples collected from twenty-four schools.ResultsWidespread severe and moderate deficiencies in iodine. Children in five schools were severely iodine deficient. All sampled schoolchildren were iodine deficient to a greater or lesser extent. In all, 80 % of all children across the twenty-four schools were infected with one or a combination of intestinal helminths and intestinal protozoa.ConclusionsThese findings have serious implications for the cognitive development of Angolan children, as well as for Angola’s development in terms of productivity and economic potential. It is strongly recommended that the provincial and national Ministries of Health, in collaboration with international health agencies, immediately plan and implement a strategy to provide sufficient iodine through iodised oil capsules and iodised salt to the iodine-deficient population. National coalitions need to be strengthened among the government, partners and salt producers. It is also recommended that all the children in schools be de-wormed for multiple helminth species at least twice a year.

The situation of antibiotic use for diarrhea treatment on pediatric inpatient at Pediatrics - Kien Giang General Hospital in 2019-2020

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Nhon Tran Van ◽  
Mai Do Van ◽  
Hien Ha Minh
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Loose Stool ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Watery Stool ◽  
Pediatric Inpatient

Background: To survey for evaluation the use of antibiotic for diarrhea treatment on pediatric inpatient in compliance with MOH, WHO or treatment regimen. Objectives: (1) To describe the situation of antibiotic use for diarrhea treatment and (2) to determine factors that affected on indication of antibiotic for pediatric inpatient under 15 years at Kien Giang General Hospital in 2019. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study on 251 medical records of pediatric inpatients who treated by one of any drug from 01/2019 to 12/2019. Results: one antibiotic was prescribed in 71.7% in comparison with 17.1% on two antibiotics. The antibiotic prescription was based on the results of blood test including examinations of white blood cells (WBC), the percentage of neutrophils (Neu%) and/or C-reactive protein (CRP) (59.4%), stool with white blood cells and/or red blood cells (1.6%), high fever without causes (27.9%), watery stool (86.3%), loose stool with blood (100%), loose stool (97.9%). The most used antibiotics are ceftriaxone (53.4%), ciprofloxacin (12.4%). Duration of antibiotic use is 5 days in median. Conclusion: The rate of antibiotic prescription that met MOH and WHO guidelines was 88.3% in comparison with 11.7% of non-conformance. The compliance prescriptions based on antibiogram were 77.8%, non-compliance were 22.5%. The compliance dosage refered to guideline was 86.4%, non-conpliance was 2.4%. The duration of hospitalization and neutrophil are factors that affected the use of antibiotics (p < 0.05). Keywords: diarrhea, pediatric inpatient, antibiotic, Pediatrics-Kien Giang General Hospital

scholarly journals Relación entre conducta prosocial, resolución de problemas y consumo de drogas en adolescentes

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Hernández-Serrano ◽  
José P. Espada ◽  
Alejandro Guillén-Riquelme
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prosocial Behaviour ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Problem Solving Strategies ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Prosocial Behaviours ◽  
Age Range

<p>The objectives of the present study are the following ones: 1) to study the use of drugs, the prosocial behaviour and the problem-solving skills with respect to age and gender, and 2) to analyze the association of both the prosocial behaviour and the problem-solving skills with the use of drugs. An exploratory cross-sectional study was performed, amongst a sample of 567 students in Spanish Compulsory Secondary Education (48.14% males) with an age range from 14 to 17 years (<em>M </em>= 14.92; <em>SD </em>= 0.90). Statistically significant differences were found concerning alcohol use and the prosocial behaviour with respect to gender, as well as concerning alcohol and cannabis use with respect to age. Logistic regression analyses revealed statistical significance of the prosocial behaviour with respect to the use of alcohol and cannabis. The ability in problem-solving was the most important protective predictor with respect to the abuse of cannabis. The results from this study enhance the importance of tailored interventions based on the promotion of prosocial behaviours and/or problem-solving strategies as fundamental protective factors for substance use amongst adolescents.</p>

scholarly journals Acute kidney injury and other factors associated with mortality in hiv-infected patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 509-517
Author(s):  
Geraldo Bezerra da Silva Junior ◽  
Sérgio Luiz Arruda Parente Filho ◽  
Douglas de Sousa Soares ◽  
Rodrigo da Nóbrega de Alencar ◽  
Tiago Tomaz Teles Peixoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Respiratory Impairment ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Disseminated Histoplasmosis ◽  
Related Mortality

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: HIV-related mortality is still high, especially in developed countries. The aim of this study is to investigate factors associated to death in HIV-infected patients. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with all HIV adult patients admitted to a tertiary infectious diseases hospital in Fortaleza, Northeast Brazil, from January 2013 to December 2014. Patients were divided into two groups: survivors and non-survivors. Demo-graphical, clinical and laboratory data were compared and a logistic regression was performed in order to investigate risk factors for death. P values ≤0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 200 patients with mean age of 39 years were including in the study, 69.5% males. Fifteen patients (7.5%) died. Non-survivors presented a higher percentage of males (93.3 vs. 67.3%, p = 0.037). Non-survivors presented AKI (73.3 vs. 10.3%, p < 0.001), liver dysfunction (33.3 vs. 11.5, p = 0.031), dyspnea (73.3 vs. 33.0%, p = 0.002) and disorientation (33.3 vs. 12.4%, p = 0.025) more frequently. Non-survivors also had higher levels of urea (73.8 ± 52.7vs. 36.1 ± 29.1 mg/dL, p < 0.001), creatinine (1.98 ± 1.65 vs. 1.05 ± 1.07 mg/dL, p < 0.001), aspartate aminotransferase (130.8 vs. 84.8 U/L, p = 0.03), alanine aminotransferase (115.6 vs. 85.4 U/L, p = 0.045) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (1208 vs. 608 U/L, p = 0.012), as well as lower levels of bicarbonate (18.0 ± 4.7 vs. 21.6 ± 4.6 mEq/L, p = 0.016) and PCO2 (27.8 ± 7.7 vs. 33.0 ± 9.3 mmHg, p = 0.05). In multivariate analysis, disorientation (p = 0.035, OR = 5.523, 95%CI = 1.130 – 26.998), dyspnoea (p = 0.046, OR = 4.064, 95%CI = 1.028 – 16.073), AKI (p < 0.001, OR = 18.045, 95%CI = 4.308 – 75.596) and disseminated histoplasmosis (p = 0.016, OR = 12.696, 95%CI = 1.618 – 99.646) and LDH > 1000 U/L (p = 0.038, OR = 4.854, 95%CI = 1.093 – 21.739) were risk factors for death.]CONCLUSION: AKI and disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) were the main risk factors for death in the studied population. Neurologic and respiratory impairment as well as higher levels of LDH also increased mortality in HIV-infected patients.

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