scholarly journals Optimization of the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Walnut (Juglans major 209 x Juglans regia) Leaves: Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolic Profile

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adela Fernández-Agulló ◽  
Aída Castro-Iglesias ◽  
María Sonia Freire ◽  
Julia González-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Walnut Leaves

This work studies the extraction of phenolic compounds from walnut leaves of the hybrid Juglans major 209 x Juglans regia based on extract antioxidant capacity. Once the solid/liquid ratio was selected (1/10 g/mL), by means of a Box-Benkhen experimental design, the influence of temperature (25–75 °C), time (30–120 min), and aqueous ethanol concentration (10–90%) on extraction yield and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) antioxidant activities were analyzed. In all cases, the quadratic effect of % EtOH was the most significant, followed by the linear effect of temperature and, for most of the responses, the effect of time was almost negligible. Response surface analysis allowed to select the optimal extraction conditions: 75 °C, 120 min and 50% ethanol, which led to the following extract properties: extraction yield, 30.17%; FRAP, 1468 nmol ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE)/mg extract d.b.; DPPH, 1.318 mmol Trolox equivalents (TRE)/g extract d.b.; DPPH EC50, 0.11 mg/mL; ABTS, 1.256 mmol TRE/g extract (on dry basis) and ABTS EC50, 0.985 mg/mL. Quercetin 3-β-D-glucoside, neochlorogenic acid, and chlorogenic acid, in this order, were the main compounds identified in this extract by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS), with various potential applications that support this valorization alternative for walnut leaves.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Activity of an Epiphyte, Viscum album L. (White Berry Mistletoe), Derived from Different Host Trees

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1191
Author(s):  
Mahak Majeed ◽  
Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah ◽  
Manzoor Ahmad Mir ◽  
Khalid Rehman Hakeem ◽  
Hesham F. Alharby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Viscum Album ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

The study aimed at evaluating the antioxidant profile of a medicinal epiphyte Viscum album L. harvested from three tree species, namely, Populus ciliata L, Ulmus villosa L., and Juglans regia L. The crude extracts were obtained with ethanol, methanol, and water and were evaluated for the total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activities using total reducing power (TRP), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 1, 1-diphenyl 1-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), superoxide radical scavenging (SOR), and hydroxyl radical scavenging (•OH) assays. Our results showed that crude leaf extracts of plants harvested from the host Juglans regia L. exhibited higher yields of phytochemical constituents and noticeable antioxidative properties. The ethanolic leaf samples reported the highest phenols (13.46 ± 0.87 mg/g), flavonoids (2.38 ± 0.04 mg/g), FRAP (500.63 ± 12.58 μM Fe II/g DW), and DPPH (87.26% ± 0.30 mg/mL). Moreover, the highest values for TRP (4.24 ± 0.26 μg/mL), SOR (89.79% ± 0.73 mg/mL), and OH (67.16% ± 1.15 mg/mL) were obtained from aqueous leaf extracts. Further, Pearson correlation was used for quantifying the relationship between TPC, TFC, and antioxidant (FRAP, DPPH, SOR, OH) activities in Viscum album L. compared to their hosts. It was revealed that the epiphyte showed variation with the type of host plant and extracting solvent.

scholarly journals Black goji berry (Lycium ruthenicum) tea has higher phytochemical contents and in vitro antioxidant properties than red goji berry (Lycium barbarum) tea

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-201
Author(s):  
Bei Liu ◽  
Qingqing Xu ◽  
Yujing Sun
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antioxidant Property ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Goji Berry ◽  
Good Habit

Abstract Goji berry tea, a traditional herbal tea, is the main ate mode of goji berry in Asia, yet few studies in comparison with red goji berry tea and black goji berry tea are carried out. This study investigated the effects of water temperature and soak time on the colour, phytochemicals, and the antioxidant capacity [2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)] of two goji berry tea. A comparison of the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities between black and red goji berry tea was conducted. Results showed that both red and black goji berry tea were rich in phytochemicals, giving high antioxidant ability. The levels of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant activity of the two goji berry tea increased as the increases in soak temperature and time. Black goji berry tea had higher phytochemicals and antioxidant property than those of red goji berry tea. Infused at 100° water for the same time, the levels of total polysaccharides (150 mg/100 ml), total polyphenols (238 mg/ml), and antioxidant capacity (550 μmol/100 ml) of black goji berry tea were 3.5, 2, and 5 times higher, respectively, in comparison with red goji berry tea. The results of this study demonstrate that hot drink of goji berry in China is a good habit and black goji berry tea may be a better choice.

scholarly journals Antioxidants from Tropical Herbs

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasyidah Razab ◽  
Azlina Abdul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Polyphenolic Content ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power

Plants that contain high amounts of polyphenolic compounds are potential candidates for natural antioxidant sources. Studies are on going in the search for new sources of antioxidants. Not much data are available on the antioxidant capacity of tropical herbs. With this in mind, 19 commonly consumed Malaysian herbs were analyzed for their polyphenolic content and antioxidant activities. A majority of these plants have never been studied before with regards to their polyphenolic content and antioxidant activities. The shoots of Anacardium occidentale, the shoots and fruits of Barringtonia racemosa, Pithecellobium jiringa and Parkia speciosa had high polyphenolic contents (> 150 μg gallic acid equivalents/mg dried plant) and antioxidant activities when measured using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) (>1.2 mM) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays (>2.4 mM). A strong correlation was observed between the two antioxidant assays (FRAP vs TEAC) implying that the plants could both scavenge free radicals and reduce oxidants. There was also a strong correlation between the antioxidant activities and polyphenolic content suggesting the observed antioxidant activities were contributed mainly by the polyphenolics in the plants.

scholarly journals Comparison of Techniques and Solvents on the Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential of Extracts from Acacia dealbata and Olea europaea

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anabela Borges ◽  
Helena José ◽  
Vera Homem ◽  
Manuel Simões
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Olea Europaea ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Acacia Dealbata ◽  
Olea Europaéa

Ethnopharmacological use of plant natural extracts has been known since ancient times. The optimization of plant molecule extraction is fundamental in obtaining relevant extraction yields. The main purpose of this study was to understand the role of different extraction techniques (solid-liquid, ultrasound, Soxhlet, and microwave) and solvents (water, methanol, ethanol, acetone, dichloromethane, and hexane) on the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts from Olea europaea (olive) and Acacia dealbata (mimosa). Crude plant extracts were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by the disk diffusion method. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts was determined by ABTS (2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) methods. In terms of extraction yield, ultrasound extraction and the solvents methanol, acetone (O. europaea) or water (A. dealbata) were found to be the best options. However, ethanol and acetone proved to be the best solvents to extract compounds with antimicrobial activity and antioxidant capacity, respectively (regardless of the extraction method employed). Soxhlet and microwave were the best techniques to extract compounds with antimicrobial activity, whereas any of the tested techniques showed the ability to extract compounds with antioxidant capacity. In most of the cases, both plant extracts (mimosa and olive) were more efficient against S. aureus than E. coli. In the present study, both mimosa and olive leaf crude extracts proved to have antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, increasing the demand of these natural products as a source of compounds with health benefits.

scholarly journals Bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in fennel seeds influenced by pressurized liquid extraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Repajić ◽  
Petra Tonković ◽  
Valentina Kruk ◽  
Zoran Zorić ◽  
Ivona Elez Garofulić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Pressurized Liquid Extraction ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Cycle Number ◽  
Antioxidant Power

AbstractFennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) is a well-known aromatic plant, widely used as spice and remedy herb. It provides many beneficial effects and is used as diuretic and expectorant, as well as for various dyspeptic disorders. Beside essential oils, fennel seeds are abundant with various phenols, which are known as strong antioxidants and thereby contribute to human health. Among different extraction methods for phenols isolation, pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) represents a novel technique with numerous advantages over conventional extraction approaches. Its efficiency manifests through combination of high temperature and pressure, enabling extraction time shortening, as well as decreased solvent consumption, thus being environment-friendly technique. In order to achieve maximum extraction yield, it is of great importance to select optimal PLE conditions, e.g., extraction temperature and time. Additionally, solvent selection also affects on content of targeted compounds, where phenols amount depends on polarity of solvent. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of temperature (75 and 100 °C), static time (5 and 10 min) and cycle number (1, 2 and 3) on total phenols (TP) and total flavonoids (TF) content, as well as the antioxidant capacity (AC) in fennel seeds using three-step exhaustive PLE. Firstly, grinded dry fennel seeds were subjected to PLE using non-polar solvent (hexane) under the mentioned conditions in order to remove seeds' lipid fraction. Afterwards, defatted samples were extracted with polar solvents by the increasing polarity: aqueous acetone solution (30 %, v/v) followed by aqueous methanol solution (30 %, v/v). Obtained acetone (AE) and methanol (ME) extracts (n = 24) were analyzed for TP (Folin-Ciocalteu method), TF (aluminium chloride colorimetric assay) and AC [ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method]. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Tukey's HSD test (p ≤ 0.05) were applied for statistical analysis of collected data. Expectedly, AE were described with higher values of analyzed parameters (grand means: TP = 416.18 mg/100 g, TF = 41.87 mg/100 g, AC = 359.57 mg AAE/100 g) in comparison with ME (grand means: TP = 80.25 mg/100 g, TF = 16.41 mg/100 g, AC = 96.13 mg AAE/100 g. Furthermore, all examined influences significantly affected TP, TF and AC in all samples, except temperature on TP in ME. Thus, conditions of 100 °C/10 min/3 cycles showed the greatest yield of tested parameters in AE, while 100 °C/5 min/1 cycle were sufficient for maximum TP and AC levels in ME. Regarding TF in ME, slightly longer extraction time was required to achieve the highest efficiency (100 °C/10 min/1 cycle).

scholarly journals Untargeted Metabolomics of Korean Fermented Brown Rice Using UHPLC Q-TOF MS/MS Reveal an Abundance of Potential Dietary Antioxidative and Stress-Reducing Compounds

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 626
Author(s):  
Akanksha Tyagi ◽  
Su-Jung Yeon ◽  
Eric Banan-Mwine Daliri ◽  
Xiuqin Chen ◽  
Ramachandran Chelliah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Untargeted Metabolomics ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Germinated Brown Rice ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry

Free radical-induced oxidative stress is the root cause of many diseases, such as diabetes, stress and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this research was to screen GABA levels, antioxidant activities and bioactive compounds in brown rice. In this study, we first fermented brown rice with different lactic acid bacteria (LABs), and the best LAB was selected based on the levels of GABA in the fermentate. Lactobacillus reuterii generated the highest levels of GABA after fermentation. To ascertain whether germination can improve the GABA levels of brown rice, we compared the levels of GABA in raw brown rice (Raw), germinated brown rice (Germ), fermented brown rice (Ferm) and fermented-germinated brown rice (G+F) to identify the best approach. Then, antioxidant activities were investigated for Raw BR, Germ BR, Ferm BR and G+F BR. Antioxidant activity was calculated using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazile radical assay, 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylene benzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical assay and ferric-reducing antioxidant power. In Ferm BR, DPPH (114.40 ± 0.66), ABTS (130.52 ± 0.97) and FRAP (111.16 ± 1.83) mg Trolox equivalent 100 g, dry weight (DW), were observed as the highest among all samples. Total phenolic content (97.13 ± 0.59) and total flavonoids contents (79.62 ± 1.33) mg GAE/100 g and catechin equivalent/100 g, DW, were also found to be highest in fermented BR. Furthermore, an untargeted metabolomics approach using ultra-high-performance liquid tandem chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry revealed the abundance of bioactive compounds in fermented BR, such as GABA, tryptophan, coumaric acid, L-ascorbic acid, linoleic acid, β-carotenol, eugenol, 6-gingerol, etc., as well as bioactive peptides which could contribute to the health-promoting properties of L. reuterii fermented brown rice.

scholarly journals Green Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Lotus Seedpod (Receptaculum Nelumbinis) Assisted by Ultrasound Coupled with Glycerol

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Nina Bao ◽  
Di Wang ◽  
Xizhe Fu ◽  
Hujun Xie ◽  
Guizhen Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Glycerol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Characteristic Functional ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ultrasonic Time

Lotus Receptaculum Nelumbinis has been sparking wide research interests due to its rich phenolic compounds. In the present work, ultrasonic-assisted extraction coupled with glycerol was employed to extract phenolic compounds from Receptaculum Nelumbinis and the process was optimized using a response surface methodology with Box-Behnken design (BBD). The optimal conditions for the total phenolic content (TPC) extract were obtained: glycerol concentration of 40%, an extraction temperature of 66 °C, ultrasonic time of 44 min, and the solvent-to-solid ratio of 55 mL/g. Under these optimum extraction conditions, the extraction yield of TPC was 92.84 ± 2.13 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE) /g. Besides, the antioxidant activities demonstrated the ability of free radical scavenging by four different methods that included 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and reducing activity (RA) were 459.73 ± 7.07, 529.97 ± 7.30, 907.61 ± 20.28, and 983.66 ± 11.80 μmol TE/g, respectively. Six phenolic compounds were identified by ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography combined with triple-time-of-flight mass spectrophotometry (UPLC-Triple-TOF/MS) from the extracts. Meanwhile, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) was conducted to identify the characteristic functional groups of the extracts and thus reflected the presence of polyphenols and flavonoids. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) illustrated the microstructure difference of four treatments, which might explain the relationships between antioxidant activities and the structures of phenolic compounds.

scholarly journals Determination of Phenolic Contents by HPLC, and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antityrosinase, and Anticholinesterase Activities of Psephellus huber-morathii

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuriye Korkmaz ◽  
Sıla Ozlem Sener ◽  
Nuray Balturk ◽  
Seyda Kanbolat ◽  
Merve Badem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Yersinia Pseudotuberculosis ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Phenolic Constituents

The goal of our study was to examine of antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticholinesterase activities, and phenolic composition of Psephellus huber-morathii. The antioxidant activities of extracts have been assessed by Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging. Phenolic constituents were measured using reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and antimicrobial activity was investigated using the agar well diffusion method. Total phenolic content, FRAP, and CUPRAC results of aqueous extract have been better than methanolic extract, except for DPPH activity. Benzoic acid, and p-coumaric acid as major phenolic compounds were specified. Methanolic extract was especially effective against all microorganisms tested except for Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. The methanolic extract have been displayed inhibitory effect on tyrosinase. All extracts have been exhibited lower acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitory activities than galantamine. P. huber-morathii can be considered in the food, and drug industries due to antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activities of the species. It can be potential source as anti-browning agents  because of its average tyrosinase inhibitory activity.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF PHENOLIC ACIDS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF YOUNG AND MATURE LEAVES OF TECTONA GRANDIS L F

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Greeshma Murukan ◽  
Murugan K
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Phenolic Acids ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Mature Leaf ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Mature Leaves

Objective: The present study aims in comparison of phenolic acids and its antioxidant potentialities of young and mature leaf extract of Tectona grandis L f.Methods: Various phenolic acids present in methanolic leaf extract of young and mature leaves of T. grandis were analyzed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The antioxidant potentiality of the extracts was determined by various analytical methods such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, ferric reducing/antioxidant power, and metal chelating activity.Results: Methanolic leaf extracts of young and mature leaf of T. grandis showed a pool of phenolic compounds such as gallic, vanillic, p-hydroxybenzoic, ferulic, chlorogenic, sinapic, p-coumarate, and cinnamic acids. Irrespective of the methods used for analyzing antioxidant capacity, young leaf extract showed potent antioxidant potentiality when compared with the mature leaf extract.Conclusion: The methanolic extract of teak leaves is rich source of many phenolic compounds, and these compounds attribute to the antioxidant capacity of the leaves. Meanwhile, by comparing the young and mature leaves, the young leaves showed much more potential than the other. It is, therefore, concluded that the young teak leaves can be used as a good source of natural antioxidant.

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