scholarly journals Innovative Wood Surface Treatments Based on Nanotechnology

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonios N. Papadopoulos ◽  
Hamid R. Taghiyari
Keyword(s):  
Wood Surface ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Life Cycle Assessments ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Wood Science ◽  
Made In

This work reviewed innovative wood surface treatments based on nanotechnology. It is well documented in the literature that the cell walls of wood present significant porosity; this porosity is on a molecular scale. The main reason for the use of nanotechnology in wood science and technology is the unique characteristic of nano-based materials to effectively penetrate deeply into wood substrates, which, in turns, results in the alteration of their surface chemistry. This subsequently causes an improvement in wood properties. Any potential change in the wood properties due to treatment with nanomaterials is based on the higher interfacial area which is developed due to the treatment. This occurs because the number of particles is significantly reduced to the nanoscale. The nanomaterials improve the properties of wood as a raw material and alter its original features to a limited extent. However, their potential impact on both health and the environment should be addressed by applying tools such as life-cycle assessments. This will avoid mistakes being made in which new technologies are released on the market prior to an impact assessment having been carried out.

scholarly journals THE ELECTROFILTER ASH OF GACKO THERMAL POWER PLANT AS TECHNOGENIC RAW MATERIAL AND THE IMPACT OF ASH WASTE PILEON THE ENVIRONMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Crnogorac ◽  
Boško Vuković
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Made In

During the working of thermal power plants, due to technological process of coal combustion, wastematter, which takes up large areas of land, degrades and pollutes the environment, is created. In the lastyears, a significant progress has been made in the world in researching new technologies thatimplement technogenic materials which have wide range of optimal economic use.An example for thisis electrofilterash which is, as technogenic raw material,largly and more often used in building industry.This resulted in decreasing negative effects of ash which was deposited considerably on ash waste piles.The use of ash for different industry purposes decreases the costs, increases a company's profitandremoves the negative effects on the environment and human health.

Auto Markets in the World and Strategy of Japan’s Companies

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Matsuoka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Auto Industry ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
The World ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Made In

In the world auto market, top three companies are VW(Volkswagen), Runault-Nissan-Mistubishi, and Toyota. About some selected countries and areas, China, England, Italy, Australia, Germany, Turkey, Russia, Sweden, USA, Brazil, UAE, Japan, Vietnam and Thailand are more competitive. However, the situation is different. Seeing monopolistic market countries and areas, Saudi Arabia, Taiwan, Korea, Malaysia, France, India, and Pakistan, in particular, the influence of Japan to Taiwan, India, and Pakistan is very big. But in Korea and France, their own companies’ brands occupy the market. In Japan domestic market, the overall situation is competitive. Almost all vehicles made in Japan are Japanese brand. From now on, we have to note the development of electric vehicle (EV) and other new technologies such as automatic driving and connected car. That is because they will give a great impact on the auto industry and market of Japan. Now Japan’s auto industry is going to be consolidated into three groups, Honda, Toyota group, and Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi group for seeking the scale merit of economy. Therefore, I will pay attention to the worldwide development of EV and other new technologies and the reorganization of auto companies groups.

New technologies of meat raw material preparation in production of uncooked smoked sausages

Vsyo o myase ◽  
1918 ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
V.V. Nasonova ◽  
◽  
A.A. Motovilina ◽  
E.K. Tunieva ◽  
T.G. Kuznetsova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Preparation

scholarly journals Teleworking and Online Shopping: Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Their Impact on Transport Demand

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7211
Author(s):  
Juan Ramón López Soler ◽  
Panayotis Christidis ◽  
José Manuel Vassallo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Commuting Patterns ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Teleworking and online shopping became commonplace during the COVID-19 pandemic and can be expected to maintain a strong presence in the foreseeable future. They can lead to significant changes in mobility patterns and transport demand. It is still unclear, however, how extensive their adoption can be, since each individual has different preferences or constraints. The overall impact on transport depends on which segments of the population will modify their behaviour and on what the substitutes to the current patterns will be. The purpose of this work is to identify the user profiles and spatial aspects that affect the adoption of teleworking and online shopping, and to explore the potential impact on transport demand. To that end, data from an EU-wide survey on mobility were analysed using a Machine Learning methodology. The results suggest that while the take up of the new work and consumption patterns is high on average, there are significant differences among countries and across different socio-economic profiles. Teleworking appears to have a high potential mainly in certain services sectors, affecting commuting patterns predominantly in large urban areas. Online shopping activity is more uniform across the population, although differences among countries and age groups may still be relevant. The findings of this work can be useful for the analysis of policies to encourage the uptake of new technologies in transport and mobility. They can be also a good reference point for future studies on the ex-post analysis of the impacts of the pandemic on mobility.

FEATURES OF THE FORMATION AND DISPLAY OF TEMPORARY FEATURES IN THE IMPRESSIONS OF SEALS AND STAMPS CLICHÉS

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 318-329
Author(s):  
N. Zubova ◽  
H. Loshmanova ◽  
V. Somov
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Forensic Identification ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Temporal Features ◽  
Technology Changes ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Seal Impressions ◽  
Legal Grounds ◽  
Made In

Seals and stamps, as well as their impressions, have been the objects of forensic identification for many decades, and although there are legal grounds for refusing to use seals by economic entities at present, documents are still certified with seal impressions. Recently, a great number of documents have been received for examination to address the issues as to the time period for document production. The forensic task on establishing the time period for document production is relevant. Only in the 80-s of the last century research regarding the possibilities of determining the time period for document production by impressions made by seals (stamps) clichés, produced with the help of vulcanizing rubber using movable types or typewriter composition was initiated. Over the past forty years, cliché manufacturing processes and the materials used in this process have significantly changed. At present, clichés produced with the use of new technologies are widespread, namely: laser engraving of rubber made by using photopolymer technology or flash technology. Changes in the technology of making clichés, production of new materials have led to the emergence of features that are formed in the cliché while its using. These features are displayed in the impressions of seals and stamps clichés. The article outlines the characteristic features of seals (stamps )clichés, considers the conditions for the occurrence of features in the process of their use, shows the evolution of their change, outlines the time periods for the existence of features, defines the criteria for attributing features to identically significant temporal features of the cliché. The mentioned temporal features appearing in the cliché of seals and stamps in general (taking into account handles) and in impressions over a certain period of time, allows to determine the time period of applying the impression on a document. In this case, free samples of impressions that have been made over the time period of examination and meet certain requirements should be provided for comparative analysis. For the categorical conclusion that the impression of a seal (stamp) was made in a specific period of time, it is needed to establish a set of persistent individual features that appeared in the studied impression and its copy over a certain period of time.

Development of the Sheraton hotel chainDevelopment of the Sheraton hotel chain

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (04) ◽  
pp. 137-139
Author(s):  
Mehdi Elman oğlu Bağırov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Sheraton Hotel ◽  
Hotel Chains ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Hotel Chain ◽  
Made In

The distribution of the world's hotel chains to more and more countries is also reflected in our country, and the development of this type of chain hotels is growing day by day. Along with the development of technology, the tourism infrastructure and its key element, the hotel industry, is also developing. Today, investments are being made in a planned way to modernize the hotel business, build new hotels, and introduce new technologies and forms of service. Sheraton Hotels and Resorts is an international hotel chain owned by Marriott International. Sheraton has 446 hotels with 155,617 rooms worldwide, including locations in North America, Africa, Asia, Central and South America, Europe, the Middle East and the Caribbean. Key words: hotel chains, investment, technology, hotel business, tourism infrastructure

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF PECTIN FROM PICEA ABIES GREENERY

2020 ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Gennad'yevich Shakhmatov ◽  
Elena Nikolayevna Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Chemical Characteristic ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Rhamnogalacturonan I ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Pectin Substances

The present work aimed to determine structural features of polysaccharides derived from the P. abies foliage by extraction with a (NH4)2C2O4 solution. The isolated polysaccharide was studied in detail by the methods of ion exchange chromatography, partial acidic hydrolys and NMR spectroscopy. It was shown that this polysaccharide contained polymers of various structures. The major constituents of PAO were low-methoxyl and low-acetylated 1,4-a-D-galacturonan and by minor parts of partly 2-O- and/or 3-O- acetylated rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I). The side carbohydrate chains of the branched region of RG-I were represented predominantly by highly branched 1,5-a-L-arabinan and minor portions of 1,4-β-D-galactan. In addition to the dominant pectins, polysaccharide PAO contained binding glycans of the glucomannans class, which indicated a close interaction of these polysaccharides in the cell walls. Thus, the structural features of pectin woody P. abies, extracted with a solution of (NH4)2C2O4, were first determined. It can be concluded that P. abies woody greens, a large tonnage waste from the wood processing industry, can be considered as a potential source of pectin substances. The results of studying the structure of components of woody green P. abies can be the basis for the development and improvement of new technologies for the integrated use of this raw material.

scholarly journals KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DALAM MENANGANI HARGA CABAI MERAH KERITING (capsicum annum L) (Studi Kasus Tinjauan Kebijakan Pemerintah pada Harga Cabai Merah keriting) di Sentra Produksi Kecamatan Cikajang dan Pasar Induk Kramat Jati Jakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Dety Sukmawati ◽  
Lies Sulistyowati ◽  
Maman H. Karmana ◽  
E Kusnadi Wikarta
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Land Registration ◽  
Field School ◽  
The Government ◽  
Park Area ◽  
Made In

Price is a major factor, therefore, that the policy of raising agricultural output through price incentives to succeed, the government must know exactly how the response of supply / supply in the agricultural sector to price changes. The response will vary according to the type of commodity even among the farmers in the category of the same plant, depending on the purpose of the farmers do farming and economic conditions. The amount of supply response is also very informative for policy makers in evaluating policy -pembuat made in the field pertanian.Penelitian descriptively based on data from the Provincial Agriculture Office, 2015 West Java, Central Market Analysis of Agricultural Products Production Centers Cikajang Garutdan District Information Center Market Commodity Price Kramat Jati Jakarta. Policy directives coming horticultural commodities focused on chili, red onion and orange. Although the production of chili western Java had a surplus in terms of supply nationally, but the price of red chilli curls in particular always fluctuates, so if there is a price increase indicated a shortage of supply or shortage of production, so that the planting area three commodities were directed not at the park area, but the area outside the area and planting and planted not in the rainy season, but farmers are directed to plant in the dry season. The policy comprises: the pattern of production, regional development, institutional strengthening farmers, build supply chain and minimize supply chain, new technologies to increase production, the development of the field school, land registration and certification of products.

scholarly journals Efektywność produkcji FAME na podstawie wymagań normy ISO 14045:2012

Nafta-Gaz ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-214
Author(s):  
Michał Pajda ◽  
◽  
Wojciech Mazela ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Energy Materials ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The aim of the work was to present the issue of eco-efficiency, based on the PN-EN ISO 14045:2012 standard in relation to the production of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). The ecoefficiency analysis takes into account economic and environmental aspects in the improvement of products and processes / technologies. Eco-efficiency considers the product and technology throughout the life cycle, from the construction phase, through use to decommissioning. The impact on the natural environment is assessed on the basis of: consumption of energy, materials, dust and gas emissions, waste and sewage. Total costs include: production costs, raw material costs, costs during the use phase including maintenance, repair and operating costs, product disposal or recycling. The eco-efficiency analysis is helpful in making decisions regarding the selection of a new product or designing a new technology, and enables the selection of the variant that is the most economical and has the least possible impact on the natural environment. These issues are particularly important in the case of biofuels. The rapid growth of their production and the European Union’s policy, which aims to increase the share of energy from renewable sources, cause concerns of many experts regarding the threats related to the production of biofuels, both for the environment and food security. In particular, efforts are made to minimize the amount of waste and residues by implementing the idea of a circular economy. This approach promotes the development of new technologies that are more environmentally friendly. Due to the regulations set out in the RED and RED II Directives, there is a chance that the biofuels will have a less negative impact on the environment. This results from the obligation to certify compliance with the sustainability criteria, which is carried out by voluntary systems recognized by the European Commission, such as the KZR INiG System.

scholarly journals LABORATORY PRODUCTION OF HERB-MATE (ILEX PARAGUARIENSIS) FOR HOT MATE – A PARALLEL WITH THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PRODUCTS AVAILABLE ON THE MARKET

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (32) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Guilherme Rufatto SCHMIDT
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Made In

Herb-mate is a raw material of great importance to Southern Brazil, considering its annual production of approximately 650,000 tons of leaves. The hot mate, known as chimarrão, is the most appreciated beverage and its consumption is linked to the traditions and cultural habits predominantly in the south of the country. Considering its huge importance, the objective of the work was to evaluate the production of laboratory herbmate for chimarrão in order to establish a comparison with the products available on the market. Therefore, it was considered the current legislation and the analysis of its organoleptic and granulometric properties, humidity level and concentration of some toxic metals quantified by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The manufacturing of the final product was made in three steps: first of all, the leaves were submitted to direct fire, then they were dried at a temperature of 40 Cº for 24 hours and, finally, they were ground in a knife mill for 10 minutes. The obtained results showed, in most of the analyzed characteristics, a great similarity between the laboratorial and commercial herb, obtaining approval from 90% of chimarrão consumers who participated in the organoleptic tests. However, the coloration was considered darker and can be explained by logistic problems between the plantation and the laboratory. There was also a divergence in the metals analysis, which showed a higher lead and cadmium concentration when compared to the herbs found on the supermarket shelves. Alarming numbers for consumers were found, since the commercial herbs pointed levels above the recommended for all analyzed metals, which indicate the urgent need for better inspection, as well as improved manufacturing practices of the final product and a better raw material cultivation.

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