scholarly journals Agroecological Strategies for Reactivating the Agrarian Sector: The Case of Agrolab in Madrid

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina García-Llorente ◽  
Irene Pérez-Ramírez ◽  
Clara Sabán de la Portilla ◽  
Carmen Haro ◽  
Alejandro Benito
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Integrated Rural Development ◽  
Living Lab ◽  
The Social ◽  
Do So

Considering the social and ecological obsolescence of the conventional agricultural model and the crisis faced by rural areas, innovative models based on collective initiatives and agroecological practices are emerging. Here, we present the use of a participatory farming lab as a space to reactivate the agrarian sector in rural and periurban areas of Madrid. The specific objectives of this study are: (1) to describe the project; (2) to identify participants’ profiles and motivations and (3) to identify the most socially valued ecosystem services and the actions collectively taken to enhance them. To do so, we have used the living lab conceptual approach and the ecosystem service lens. Data gathering included a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques, including participant observation, informal and formal meetings, interviews, workshops and surveys. We found a diversity of motivations for enrolling in the program and 20 ecosystem services were selected as socially important. We also describe how the project has contributed to adopting agroecological practices to sustain those ecosystem services. Finally, we discuss the contribution of the project towards new and integrated rural development strategies, including its potential to promote cooperative solutions that enhance farming activity by also providing ecosystem services.

scholarly journals The idea of community and its practice: Tensions, disruptions and hope in Glasgow’s urban growing projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 484-499
Author(s):  
Helen Traill
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Community Gardening ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Community Theory ◽  
Communal Space ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Do So

The question of what community comes to mean has taken on increasing significance in sociological debates and beyond, as an increasingly politicised term and the focus of new theorisations. In this context, it is increasingly necessary to ask what is meant when community is invoked. Building on recent work that positions community as a practice and an ever-present facet of human sociality, this article argues that it is necessary to consider the powerful work that community as an idea does in shaping everyday communal practices, through designating collective space and creating behavioural expectations. To do so, the article draws on participant observation and interviews from a community gardening site in Glasgow that was part of a broader research project investigating the everyday life of communality within growing spaces. This demonstrates the successes but also the difficulties of carving out communal space, and the work done by community organisations to enact it. The article draws on contemporary community theory, but also on ideas from Davina Cooper about the role of ideation in social life. It argues for a conceptual approach to communality that does not situate it as a social form or seek it in everyday practice, but instead considers the vacillation between the ideation and practices of community: illustrated here in a designated community place. In so doing, this approach calls into focus the frictions and boundaries produced in that process, and questions the limits of organisational inclusivity.

scholarly journals Educación y mecanismos de viaje de las remesas socioculturales. Un estudio con educadores de migrantes en la mixteca alta mexicana

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Manuel Jacobo-García ◽  
Margarita Armenta-Beltrán ◽  
Enrique Ibarra-Aguirre
Keyword(s):  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Educational Context ◽  
Educational Problem ◽  
Mixteca Alta ◽  
The Social ◽  
Educación Primaria ◽  
Do So

Introducción: El presente artículo describe los resultados de un estudio sobre migración con interés educativo; propone como objeto de reflexión a las remesas, no precisamente económicas, sino las socioculturales. Discute algunos de sus mecanismos de viaje para contribuir a la explicación del problema de la educación de los niños y niñas migrantes del campo agrícola mexicano y también para contribuir a la comprensión del sujeto educativo en circunstancia de migración.Método: El enfoque metodológico fue cualitativo-narrativo. En ese sentido, la composición de cartas, la escritura de diarios compartidos, y el registro de observación participante, fueron utilizados como recursos de investigación. En la muestra participaron 22 sujetos, integrando una comunidad de práctica para el aprendizaje de la profesión docente. 16 de ellos eran prácticos/as de la educación de migrantes que al mismo tiempo recibían su formación inicial como licenciados en educación primaria, y los otros seis eran acompañantes con estudios de posgrado en educación.Resultados: Los resultados confirman que algunas remesas socioculturales, pueden ser propagadas cubriendo exitosamente el tejido social de los pueblos y otras, no; lo que depende de la relación no arbitraria establecida entre el esquema interpretativo de los individuos o pueblos destinatarios y los contenidos socioculturales de la remesa que expresan los migrantes.Discusión y Conclusión: Con base en los resultados, se han propuesto los conceptos de resonancia sociocultural regenerativa y resonancia sociocultural disipativa para designar esa realidad como primer acercamiento a la comprensión de los mecanismos de viaje de las remesas socioculturales Introduction: This paper describes the results of a study about the educational context in the migration phenomenon. The study proposes as subject of reflection the remittances, not precisely the economic ones, but the socio-culturals. It discusses some of the spread mechanisms to contribute to the explanation of the educational problem of the migrant children in the Mexican agricultural fields and also, it contributes to the comprehension of the educative subject living the migration phenomenon.Method: The methodological approach of this study was qualitative-narrative. Letter composition, the writing of shared diaries and the participant observation records were used as investigation resources. A community of practice for the learning of the docent profession composed by 22 individuals was the sample of this study. 16 were in charge of the education of migrants and were receiving their initial formation as primary education teachers at the same time. The other six were doing post graduate studies.Results: The results confirm that some socio-cultural remittances are spread and successfully integrated in the social lifestyle of the population and some other cannot do so. This process depends on the non arbitrary relation between the interpretative scheme of the person or the destination population and the socio-cultural contents of the remittance expressed by the migrant population.Discussion and Conclusion: Based on the results, the regenerative and dissipative socio-cultural resonances are proposed concepts to designate this reality, representing the first approach to the comprehension of mechanisms of the socio-cultural remittances spread.

Qualitative Data Gathering Instruments and Methods

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-98
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Discussion ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
The Social

The chapter is divided into five sections. The first section discusses the interview method from the social constructionist and qualitative perspectives. The second section contains information related to the procedures of undertaking focus group discussion in qualitative projects. The different types of observation methods are highlighted in Section 3, but only participant and non-participant observation variants are discussed. The primary and secondary documents are addressed in Section 4, and examples are given. The chapter is concluded by a question and answer section, where important questions are raised and answered in a simple way.

scholarly journals Folk Knowledge in Maintaining Group Integration and Socio-economic Intimacy among the Arsi-Robe Peasants

IJOHMN ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 34-60
Author(s):  
Yeshaw Tesema Yideg ◽  
Yosef Beco Dubi
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Social Unit ◽  
Folk Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Integration ◽  
Cultural Roles

The purpose of this article is to analyze the folk knowledge in maintaining folk group integration and socio-economic intimacy among the Arsi-Robe peasants. The significance of folk knowledge in folklore of the society in connection with group integration and socio-economic welfare is the case in point. This study employed a field survey research and data gathering method through the participant observation as well as direct interview. In order to obtain the substantial folkloristic data from local sources (people, occasions, or other settings), the researchers had familiarized with the social behavior and local environment of each locality. As far as the findings of this study are concerned, two points may be underscored here. People are customarily designated to take part in group-driven occupational habits like däbo and wänfä. Amongst the Arsi-Robe traditional society, if people isolate themselves from communal works, they are criticized, if not ostracized and excluded from the mainstream social and cultural roles. They also play their potential roles in kinship and kinship-like social relations. Put another way, they make interventions between their own world and a social unit in their vicinities according the collective paradigm set customarily.  

scholarly journals ‘ANNE GOES ROGUE FOR ABORTION RIGHTS!’ EXPLORING DISCURSIVE MATERIALIZATION ACROSS AND BEYOND ONLINE PLATFORMS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Myles
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Human Actors ◽  
Do So

This presentation examines the social media campaign #SupportIslandWomen that was undertaken by reproductive rights activists in Prince Edward Island (PEI). The initiative gained popularity in 2016 due to both the off- and online circulation of posters throughout PEI landmarks depicting the Green Gables-like image of a young girl (“rogue Anne”) wearing red braids and a bandana. These posters showcased specific hashtags that encouraged debates on various online platforms. For this study, we underline how human actors invoked the symbolic ‘figure’ of rogue Anne to give weight to their own arguments by speaking or acting in her name. By ‘figure’, we mean any symbolic entity that is materialized through interaction and that possesses agency, or the ability to make a significant difference in interaction. Hence, our study examines the processes through which rogue Anne was made present in interaction, the role of digital (online) and physical (offline) affordances in the materialization of this figure, and the differentiated effects that these invocations generated. To do so, we build our dataset by performing non-participant observation on social media platforms and by exploring Canadian blogs and newspapers. Drawing from organizational discourse theory, our results show that invoking the figure of rogue Anne allowed for pro-choice collectives to assert their authority in abortion debates by labelling the fictional character as a modern feminist icon. They also underline the importance of studying the intervention of symbolic figures, their effects, and their materialization within political initiatives that incorporate and go beyond the practice of ‘hashtagging’.

scholarly journals State support for entrepreneurship development in the agrarian sector of the economy

Ekonomika APK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 309 (7) ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Vasyl Rusaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
State Support ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Agrarian Sector

The purpose of the article is to summarize the methods of state support for agricultural enterprises in order to increase their competitiveness in determining the directions of support for entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector of Ukraine. Research methods. The methodological basis of the article is the dialectical method of cognition and the systematic approach to the study of the fundamental provisions of science regarding the state support development for subjects of agricultural entrepreneurship. The use of the monographic method has allowed to substantiate aspects of state support for agrarian entrepreneurship. Research results. The state and methods of state support of entrepreneurship in the agrarian sector of Ukraine and the development of entrepreneurial activity in rural areas are investigated. The financial state of agrarian enterprises and the state of state support in the agrarian sector of Ukraine are analyzed. Forms and methods of state support of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine are substantiated. Recommendations for increasing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises, the competitiveness of their products, increasing export potential and the international image of agricultural production have been developed. Scientific novelty. The directions of state support for the further development of entrepreneurship in the agrarian sector are proposed. The legislative, regulatory and economic aspects of state regulation, the possibilities of its improvement and targeting are considered. Practical significance. The practical recommendations for improvement of state support of agrarians in modern conditions are offered. The conceptual approach to formation of the state regulation of agrarian production which can be the basis for development of measures for state support of agrarian enterprises is substantiated. Tabl.: 3. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 21.

scholarly journals La agroindústria del limón en el Valle de Tecomán, México: un enfoque antropológico.

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (30) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosângela Azevedo Corrêa
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Excellent Opportunity ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Anthropological Approach ◽  
Anthropology Of Work ◽  
Los Grupos ◽  
Do So

Pocos estudios se han realizado dentro de la fábrica, desde el "el piso de la fábrica" y el estudio de la agroindustria de limón ofreció una excelente oportunidad para hacerlo. Las características de la etnografía y la observación-participante dentro y fuera de las fábricas, una de capital mexicano y otra de capital danés, son útiles para dar cuenta de los procesos de reconstrucción de la historia de la región a partir de contextos socioeconómicos específicos, y para dar cuenta de las articulaciones prácticas entre los planes macro y micro de las relaciones socioeconómicas y políticas. La observación-participante directa en diversas actividades relacionadas con la producción del limón fue una herramienta esencial para un acercamiento a los grupos sociales que conforman la región del Valle de Tecomán. Palabras clave: Antropología del trabajo. Agroindustria del limón. Sistema económico mundial. Observación participante.   Lemon agro-industry in the Valley of Tecoman, Mexico: An Anthropological Approach.   Abstract Few studies have been performed inside the factory, from the "factory shop floor" and the study of agro-industry lemon offered an excellent opportunity to do so. The resources of ethnography and the participant observation, inside and outside of factories of mexican capital and other capital of Danish, are useful to give an account of reconstruction processes of regional history from contexts socio-economic specific, and to understand the joints practices between the macro and micro relations socio-economic and political. The direct participant observation  in the various activities related to the production of lemon was a fundamental tool for an approximation to the social groups that define the region of the Valley of Tecoman, Colima, Mexico. Keywords: Anthropology of work. Agribusiness lemon. Agro industry system. Participant-observation. Factory shop floor.

scholarly journals Complicating Social Order in the Rural Areas of Akwa Ibom State Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-127
Author(s):  
Moses I. Peters ◽  
Aniekan E. Bassey
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Youth Groups ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Community Interest ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status

In a typical traditional society in Nigeria laws, rules, norms, and taboos were used by community elders to enforce social order and curtail practices, behaviours, values and beliefs that were counter to the stability of the social structure. However, the contemporary rural communities have witnessed a shift within the social structures and institutions, in behaviours, cultural aspects which affect social relations, social interaction and the maintenance of the status quo by the traditional rulers. This qualitative study examined the roles of traditional rulers in complicating social order in Ikot Annang and Ikot Abasi communities in Akwa Ibom State, South-South Nigeria. In-depth interviews and participant observation were used to collect data on the subject under study. Ethnomethodology by Garfinkel was adopted as theoretical guide for the study. Findings of the study show that betrayal of community interest, mismanagement of community generated revenue, neglect of traditions, abuses of traditional power by some community elders, and youth groups are contributing to upheaval in some rural communities in Akwa Ibom State. Researchers concluded that the decisions by some of the rural community elders and youth groups to adopt western customs over their traditional customs have distorted the state of stability and consensus that existed in the traditional rural areas, thereby bringing about a shift that disrupts social order. Among other, the researchers recommended the need for culture check and rite of passage for youth groups in line with customs and traditions.

scholarly journals Paperittomien maahanmuuttajien muuttoliike Suomeen, Suomessa ja Suomesta

Terra ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-216
Author(s):  
Jussi Jauhiainen ◽  
Miriam Tedeschi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Small Towns ◽  
Undocumented Migrants ◽  
Residence Permit ◽  
Decision To Leave ◽  
Perceived Safety ◽  
The Social ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
Do So

Irregular migration to, in and from Finland is the focus of this study. The empirical material consists of a survey among undocumented migrants (n=100) in Finland in 2019 and earlier surveys among all Finnish municipalities about undocumented migrants. In 2019, about 4,000–5,000 undocumented migrants were in Finland. Most current undocumented migrants came to Finland in 2015 legally as asylum seekers (who later failed to obtain asylum or other residence permit), fewer entered Finland without legal right to do so and some remained in Finland after their resident permit on other than asylum seeking grounds expired. War, insecurity, and economic challenges in the country of origin influenced people’s decision to leave. Perceived safety and economic opportunities in Finland influenced their choice of it as the destination country. For some, Finland was rather a choice influenced by rumours and misinformation, also in the social media. Many undocumented migrants live in Helsinki and the capital region. This area attracts undocumented migrants from other parts of Finland due to better everyday opportunities. Very few if any lives in rural areas and small towns. Of responded undocumented migrants, 2–11 percent considered outmigration from Finland and 22 percent could perhaps return to their country of origin. Many will remain in Finland for years if not permanently despite legal, economic and social hardships.

Living in The Merry Ghetto

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trever Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Political Transitions ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
Music Making ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Do So

Living in the Merry Ghetto reframes how people use music to build resistance. To do so, Hagen addresses the social context of illegal music-making in Czechoslovakia during state socialism, asking “How Do Aesthetics Nurture Political Consciousness?”. He tells the story of a group of rock ’n’ rollers who went underground after 1968, building a parallel world from where they could flourish: the Merry Ghetto. The book examines the case of the Czech Underground, the politics of their music and their way of life, paying close attention to the development of the ensemble the Plastic People of the Universe. Taking in multiple political transitions from the 1940s to the 2000s, the story focuses on non-official cultural practices such as listening to foreign radio broadcasts, seeking out copied cassette tapes, listening to banned LPs, growing long hair, attending clandestine concerts, smuggling albums via diplomats, recording in home-studios, and being thrown in prison for any of these activities. Drawing on ethnographic interviews with Undergrounders, archival research, and participant observation, Hagen shows how these practices shaped consciousness, informed bodies, and promoted collective action, all of which contributed to an Underground way of life.

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