scholarly journals Competitiveness of the air transport sector as a determinant of the development of time and road accessibility to airports

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-55
Author(s):  
Dariusz Tłoczyński
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Financial Data ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Air Carriers

Air transport is an important element in the development of every country. Aviation impact on economic development, and the economy has an impact on air transport. This relationship has an impact on entities operating on the market for air transport services. Air carriers, airports want to achieve maximize their operational and financial data. In Poland, most airports shareholders are the public authorities, which support the development of airports. Public institutions involved directly and indirectly. Indirect, because the building communication system to airports, modernizing rail and road infrastructure. The dynamic development of this infrastructure has resulted to an increase in catchement area. Air transport companies realize specific development strategies, they are forced to take measures to increase competitiveness. Most often this is done by intangible factors.

scholarly journals THE WAYS TO IMPROVE THE FUNCTIONING OF INFRASTRUCTURE IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Stelmakh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Legislative Framework

The research stipulates that the infrastructure is a certain system, and its task is to secure main conditions for the development of other subsystems and the system as a whole. Next, the paper analyzes the relationship between infrastructure and economic development by examining the legislative framework of its sectors and outlines the main problems of functioning and searching for ways to overcome them. The expected economic growth of the country includes quantitative changes in the economy, which are particularly expressed by changes in Gross Domestic Product and improvement of socio-economic life. On the other hand, economic development, which is sometimes called the socio-economic combination of quantitative and qualitative changes, can mostly be reduced to economic transformations and reforms of the sectors of infrastructure. The paper determines the problems of the sectors of infrastructure and the ways to overcome them and develops a range of recommendations. Examining the controlling and its use in the respective domains, in particular in forming of transport-logistics system deserves special attention. Nowadays, the sectors of Ukrainian infrastructure require reforming and improvement, namely selecting the appropriate sector that would bring them closer to the standards of the European Union. For instance, the paper offers the closed Internet survey among the managers and employees of enterprises in the agricultural sector of Lvivska oblast and detects weaknesses in the functioning of the sectors of infrastructure based on their results. The further research stipulates the detection of strengths and weaknesses of infrastructure, legislative framework, and results of conducted reforms, especially in terms of implementation of the 2030 National Transport Strategy Подальші (transport sector management efficiency, provision of qualitative transport services, securing of sustainable transport funding, improvement of security and reliability, improvement of urban mobility and regional integration).

Bus Accidents in India, Nepal, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe

2000 ◽  
Vol 1726 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Pearce ◽  
D.A.C. Maunder ◽  
T. C. Mbara ◽  
D. M. Babu ◽  
T. Rwebangira
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Bus Accidents

Countries of the developing world are characterized by rapid urbanization, high growth rates of traffic and congestion, and decreasing regulation of public transport. Because the majority of the developing world’s inhabitants depend on public transport services for their mobility needs, safe, effective, and efficient public transport is essential to ensure adequate and affordable accessibility and the sustainable development of livelihoods in the rural and urban sectors. The operational environment of the public transport sector in Nepal, India, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe is examined, as well as the extent of accidents involving public transport vehicles and the likely causes. Finally, recommendations are made to reduce both the severity and the number of public transport accidents.

Gewährleistung des öffentlichen Personennahverkehrs durch allgemeine Vorschriften

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annegret Spanka
Keyword(s):  
Public Support ◽  
State Aid ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
State Support ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Open Questions ◽  
General Rules ◽  
Public Transport Services

Mobility and flexibility are critical for today's society, particularly in the field of local passenger transport. To meet society's need for public passenger transport services, public support is often required. This state support, however, must fulfil the requirements of state aid law. As a new legal instrument, the general rules derived from Regulation (EC) 1370/2007 offer ways of ensuring more efficient public transport services in compliance with state aid law. This work deals with open questions regarding general rules and examines the implications of state support in public local passenger transport services from a state aid perspective. The author offers a practical approach to the implementation of general rules with more legal certainty. Therefore, this work not only contributes to the academic discussion of the topic but also serves as a guide for competent authorities in the public passenger transport sector, providers of these services and their legal advisors.

scholarly journals Open Government Partnership as a new global intergovernmental initiative

2015 ◽  
pp. 119-136
Author(s):  
Izabela Zawiślińska
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Public Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Open Government ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
International Environment ◽  
Technology And Communication ◽  
Local Levels

Arising with a higher frequency economic crises over the last decades coupled with thedeteriorating situation in the public finances have not always been caused by wrongdecisions taken by the public authorities or their mismanagement. The crises of confidence in financial institutions in numerous countries combined with crises of confidence in the state spur to look for new solutions in the public institutions managementand their relationship with the national and international environment. The concept ofopen government (OGP) fits into this trend. It is, in a sense, a new, although for somecountries only a modernized way of organizing activities and institutions in a state thatuses digital technology and communication tools in order to increase the participationof citizens in governance at all levels and decision-making. In addition, it is assumedthat the knowledge and involvement of citizens can be used to effectively solve problemsboth at central and local levels. In the article the author tries to explicitly point out thatwhile the Open Government Partnership initiative should be assessed positively, it cannotbe regarded as a panacea for contemporary problems in management of the state andcommunication with the public. The mere membership does not guarantee to streamlinethe procedures, mechanisms, institutions and society involvement in public life. Thesespecific actions aimed at increasing transparency, efficiency and cooperation as well asparticipation of citizens are an indicator of change. And these can be undertaken withinthe framework of the Partnership, as well as outside of it.

scholarly journals CONTRIBUTION OF TRANSPORT SERVICES TO BULGARIA'S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
Galina Zaharieva ◽  
Karina Sarkisyan-Dikova ◽  
Zdravko Lyubenov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Full Member ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Regular Production ◽  
The World

Transport is considered one of the key sectors in terms of economic development. The quality of transport services and transport infrastructure is essential for the growth of the economy, the regular production operations in other sectors of the economy, and the satisfaction of people’s needs. As a full member of the European Union (EU), Bulgaria is committed to adopt and implement all of its internal policies and regulations, including those in the field of transport. Over the last two decades, the Community's efforts have been directed at building a well-functioning single European transport area, a transport system that is competitive and at the same time satisfies the contemporary social and environmental requirements. Therefore, a number of legislative changes concerning all modes of transport (rail, air, road and water) have been made. They all have a certain effect for the sector on a pan-European and national scale as well as for its contribution to economic development.The main objective of this paper is to analyze the contribution of transport services to the economic development of Bulgaria. The analysis is based on statistical data from various sources, such as the World Trade Organization (WTO), the World Bank, Eurostat and the National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. These statistics include the number of persons employed in the sector, the national GDP level, and the volumes of export and import of goods and services. The analysis covers the period 2005-2017, which includes years from Bulgaria’s pre-accession and post-accession period.The results from the analysis show that transport services are a substantial part of the services sector in the country. During the investigated period the actual volumes of both exports and imports of transport services are increasing, while in relative terms the trend is different. A substantial part of the employed persons In Bulgaria are engaged in the sector of transport services – in 2017 they were 210.6 thousand, or 6.7% of all employed persons. Comparatively, according to data from Eurostat, this sector in the European Union provided employment for about 11 million people in 2016, which is more than 5% of the total employment in the Union. The paper also discusses the European regulations concerning the transport sector and the benefits from its development.

scholarly journals Open Data Strategies and Experiences to Improve Sharing and Publication of Public Sector Information

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura María Gutiérrez Medina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Data Quality ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Public Sector Information

The Canary Islands receive 10 million tourists every year. Tourism represents a key sector for economic development in the Canaries. This work presents the benefits of open data usages in the tourism sector both in municipalities and in the island government. These public institutions have valuable information that should be shared with other institutions: 600 hotels and apartments, 10,000 bars and restaurants, and more than 15,000 retail businesses. This article describes an open data project to validate and to publish such data across multiple administrations. The main benefits for the public sector are the improvement of the data quality and the interoperability between different administrations.

scholarly journals INTRODUÇAO AOS MODELOS ODE PARTICIPAÇÃO DE MERCADO EM SERVIÇOS DE TRANSPORTES

TRANSPORTES ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Galvão Novaes
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
The Other ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Bus Service ◽  
Transport Problems ◽  
Bus Services ◽  
Demand Profile

<p>Análises de participação de mercado ("market share") são comuns em estudos na área de "marketing", envolvendo produtos e respectivas marcas, de um lado, o perfil da demanda de outro, e o posicionamento das empresas produtoras que competem nesse mercado, num terceiro bloco. No setor de transportes a literatura registra aplicações em ligações aéreas e em serviços intermunicipais de ônibus. Os modelos de participação de mercado se aplicam normalmente a situações em que os operadores oferecem serviços de transportes similares num determinado mercado, com a competição sendo feita não com base em atributos modais intrínsecos, mas sim apoiada em características diferenciadoras intra-modais mais tênues, tais como conforto, atendimento, promoções tarifárias, "marketing" e propaganda, etc. Neste artigo é feita uma introdução aos modelos de "market share" em transportes, com a apresentação de um exemplo de aplicação ao transporte intermunicipal de passageiros em ônibus, sendo discutidos também aspectos ligados a calibração e tais modelos.</p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Market share analysis is common in marketing studies involving products and respective brands, on one hand, the demand profile on the other hand, and the competiting industries on a third set. In the transport sector the literature registers a number of applications to air transport problems and to intercity bus services. Market share models are normally applied to situations in which operators offer, in a specific market, transport services that are similar in nature, with competition based not on intrinsic modal attributes, but rather on more tenous intra-mode differentiating characteristics, such as comfort, attendance, tariff promotions, marketing and advertising efforts, etc (sub-modal configurations). It is presented in this paper an introduction to market share modelling in transport, with an example concerning an intercity bus service in Brazil. Aspects related to the calibration and practical use of such models are also discussed in the text.</p>

ДЕРЖАВНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ МОРСЬКИХ ПОРТІВ УКРАЇНИ

2019 ◽  
pp. 137-146
Author(s):  
Olena Nikoliuk ◽  
Lesia Donets ◽  
Yuliia Levchuk
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Management ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Information And Communication

The article analyzes the dynamics of changes in the main indicators of functioning of seaports in Ukraine. Functional and content characteristics of the institutional support of innovative development of seaports in Ukraine are determined, which are based on the criteria of controllability and controllability and provide for the formation and implementation of an algorithm for activating the participation of public institutions in the system of state management of innovative development of seaports of Ukraine. The presented algorithm reflects the complementarity of the interaction of public authorities with specific public insti-tutions with the substantiation of priority goals and instruments of their influence on the innovative development of seaports and the national economy. Conceptual approaches to the functioning of the public administration system of providing innovative development of seaports in Ukraine are proposed, which include a set of complementary mechanisms (regulatory, institutional, administrative, financial, investment, trade, foreign, economic, innovation, information and communication). and the stages of implementation of strategic measures for its refinement, which helped to highlight innovative transformations as the final stage, oriented towards and the leading role of the maritime port industry in the national economy.

A Mathematical Model for Demand Distribution in An Air Transport Network

2020 ◽  
pp. 985-1012
Author(s):  
R. Devoto ◽  
M. Fantola ◽  
A. Olivo ◽  
N. Rassu
Keyword(s):  
Great Distance ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Transport Costs ◽  
Cost Of Transport ◽  
Demand Distribution ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Service Efficiency ◽  
Generalized Cost ◽  
Air Carriers

This article describes the great distance that separates Sardinia from mainland Italy has made the island – the second largest island of the Mediterranean – a marginal and remote region. Its system of ferry links for people travelling to and from Sardinia has such long journey times (8-12 hours) that it is clearly in no way a valid alternative to air transport. It was mainly on the basis of these reasons and with a view to protecting and ensuring the mobility of Sardinian residents that Public Service Obligations (PSO) were imposed on some of the main air routes starting from 2002. Our study is set against this background. It aims to resolve one of the main critical factors that distinguish the PSO network: the shortage of flights on certain routes and the concomitant over-scheduling of others. More specifically, the insufficient scheduling of weekly flights to certain airports, such as Verona and Turin, forces a number of passengers to decide not to travel at all and another part to use connecting flights to Rome/Milan airports or to travel using more than one route, via air or ground transport, with inevitably higher transport costs. The problem was addressed by using a linear scheduling model applied to a network of nodes and arcs representing, respectively, the airports and their connecting routes, and the airport of Cagliari. The decision variables identified were the number of passengers travelling on all of the arcs and the impedance measures associated with the distance travelled by the arcs, represented by the generalized cost of transport. The objective is to determine a network structure which corresponds to the distribution of passengers on the various branches capable of minimizing the total cost. This cost was considered as a useful parameter for comparing the various network scenarios which were obtained by changing the passenger load coefficient and the number of flights. Our study demonstrates that a simple intervention, aimed at the internal reallocation of the flights on the various routes, is able to guarantee categories of users (here divided into business and non-business users) greater access to air transport services. The scenario that more than others is able to improve service efficiency, granting undeniable benefits for all users without having an impact on the costs of air carriers, particularly stands out because it: • Allows access to all network airports through direct flights; • Decongests the Rome and Milan routes

Public Enterprise and Economic Development: The Korean Case. By Leroy P. Jones. Seoul (Korea): Korea Development Institute. 1975. xiii+293 pp.

1976 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-460
Author(s):  
Aftab Ahmad Cheema
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
South Korea ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Public Enterprise ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Government ◽  
Necessary Evil ◽  
Better Than

While framing policies for economic development the public authorities-are by and large consciously or unconsciously motivated by their ideological convictions. In a capitalist economy, for instance, the government does not normally resort to socialist techniques even if those techniques promote social welfare. But this general rule, like many others, is not without exception. The book under review gives a clear example of such an exception. Public enterprise, though considered a necessary evil (p. 129), is shown to have per¬formed remarkably well in South Korea. During the short period of ten years-(1968-1972), the performance of the public sector in South Korea has been not only far better than in many other countries but the sector has also emerged as-a leading sector of the economy (p. 202).

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