PAREMIA OF DIFFERENT PEOPLES OF THE WORLD AND THEIR GENDER SPECIFITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Н.А. Сребрянская
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Inductive Method ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
The World ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Gender Aspect

Постановка задачи. В фокусе исследования в рамках данной статьи стоят паремии Великобритании и других народов мира. Целью является рассмотрение их авторства с позиций гендерной принадлежности. В статье выявляются субъект и объект высказывания с точки зрения гендера. Результаты. В результате проведенных исследований были выделены характеристики, которые могут явиться основанием для установления гендерного авторства пословиц и поговорок. Были выделены содержательные характеристики, релевантные для установления гендера автора, которые включают имплицитные и эксплицитные гендерные маркеры авторства, т.е. прямые и косвенные указания на гендер автора. Под имплицитными маркерами подразумеваются аксиологические характеристики качеств характера и поступков в пословицах; характер сравнений в паремии. Под эксплицитными маркерами понимаются рекомендательный и инструктивный характер пословиц в отношении поведения с противоположным полом; словосочетания your wife ; эксплицитная оценка интимных радостей, получаемых от женщины. Выводы. Анализ материала позволил сделать следующие выводы относительно гендерной паремии народов мира: имеет место значительный количественный перевес пословиц, характеризующих женщину по сравнению с характеристикой мужчины; в оценках женщины и жены доминирует пейоративная оценка; сравнения в отношении женщин носят негативный характер; многие высказывания о женщинах весьма грубы и резки и содержат ругательные лексемы в отношении женщин; многие пословицы «инструктируют» мужчин, как вести себя с женщиной, которая рассматривается как источник опасности для мужчины. Это указывает на то, что автором пословиц и поговорок у народов мира являются преимущественно мужчины, а паремия как разновидность фольклора является в основном мужским жанром. Statement of the problem. The present research aims to investigate the authorship of paremia of different nations of the world from the point of view of gender. The gender aspect of the subject and the object of a peremian statement are determined. Data from this study come from the proverbs and sayings of the peoples of the world in English. For the study, the following methods were used: an inductive method, a semantic analysis method, an analysis of dictionary definitions, a method of comparing various national cultures, a quantity method, a method of correlation of language and social phenomena. Results. Our research reveals different characteristics which may be the basis for the establishment of the gender of authorship of proverbs and sayings. Some characteristics of a paremian statement that include implicit and explicit gender markers of authorship are considered relevant for revealing the author's gender. Implicit markers imply the axiological characteristics of personality of men and women in proverbs, their comparisons with animals and tools of labor. The explicit markers imply recommendations and guidance how to behave with the opposite sex; references to ‘your wife’; mention of sexual joys received from a woman. Conclusion. The findings of the research have indicated the following: there is a significant quantitative advantage of proverbs characterizing a woman compared to the characteristics of a man; In assessments of women and wives negative evaluation dominates; Comparisons for women are negative; Many statements about women are extremely coarse and cutting and contain abusive lexemes against women; Many proverbs "instruct" men, how to behave with a woman who is considered to be a source of danger for a man. These factors indicate that authors of most proverbs and sayings in the world are predominantly a man. Paremia as a kind of folklore is mainly a male genre.

scholarly journals Integrated Analysis of Terms from a Cognitive Point of View (Based on the Terminology of Photonic Crystals)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 841-848
Author(s):  
V. O. Kuleshova
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
General Terms ◽  
The World ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Definition Of

The article proposes a comprehensive methodology approach to terminological systems. The methodology involves several stages. The first one involves a semantic analysis. Then follows a structural model of the terminology in question based on the logical connections between objects and processes of a certain special field and their reflection in the professional language. Finally, the researcher discloses the pragmatic potential of terminology units and demonstrates their role in determining the position of the terminological system in the scientific view of the world. The research objective was to describe and apply this approach to the analysis of the terminology of photonic crystals. The study featured the terminology of photonic crystals. The terms were selected from several scientific books. The author employed the following methods: the method of semantic analysis, a cognitive approach to describing the structure of the terminology, and contextual analysis. The author revealed a close relationship between the internal form of the term and the sign. Understanding the internal form of the term makes it possible to determine the place of the term in the terminology, which guarantees it correct interpretation and use. The article introduces a convolved model of the terminological structure of photonic crystals and explains how the terms are organized within the terminological system and how the terminological system can be embedded in the scientific view of the world. The author highlighted the role of general terms in integrating terminological systems into the scientific view of the world and in the relationship between different terminological systems. The most accurate definition of the boundaries of the terminology is possible only in the context where the term can fully exercise its meaning.

scholarly journals The Implementation of the Conception of Friendship on the Basis of Comparative Structural-semantic Analysis of English and Russian Proverbs

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-318
Author(s):  
Tatiana G. Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
Mutual Help ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Rhythmic Organization ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

The article is devoted to the study of the conception of friendship based on the results of comparative structural-semantic analysis of English and Russian proverbs about friendship. The study includes two complementary steps. The first step consists in formulating the main aspects of the conception of friendship. The second consists in comparing fragments of this proverbial field, which made it possible to explore the implementation of eight aspects of the conception of friendship on the material studied. The clarification of similarities and differences made it possible to identify the specific national and cultural characters of thinking and mentality of the two non-related peoples towards understanding of friendship. The relevance of the study is determined by the novelty of the proposed approach to the study of the conception of friendship based on the comparative structural and semantic analysis of proverbs of two linguistic-cultural ethnic groups, as well as the insufficient knowledge of proverbs expressing the concept of “friendship” from the point of view of identifying their figurative and motivational basis, figurative means (metaphor, metonymy, comparison, personification, gradation, hyperbole, irony, allegory, antithesis), semantics of lexical components, syntactic structures (repetitions, parallelism, ellipsis, compression), expressive means, as well as rhythmic organization. There were selected and systematized similar and unique meanings of English and Russian proverbs as a result of research on the material of these languages. The analysis of these meanings allowed us to explore conception of friendship, thereby providing the basis for deeper rethinking both the conception and the proverbial material. As the part of the study there were observed differences in understanding of a person, personal relationships with others, mutual help, etc. These differences are largely due to the different origins of English and Russian proverbs. Most of the English proverbs are short sayings, which were formed under the influence of Latin expressions and quotations from Bible. Most of the Russian proverbs are peasant by origin and therefore they are closely connected with a specific and imaginative perception of the world. Their expressiveness is much higher at the expense of using the means of oral folk creativity. This analysis made it possible to reveal the role of linguistic means in expressing the mentality of the representatives of both peoples.

scholarly journals RETHINKING THE OTHER FOR MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION – FOCUSED ON THE PHILOSOPHY OF BUBER AND LEVINAS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungeun Choi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Multicultural Education ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Korean Society ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Ethics ◽  
The Relationship

The number of foreigners residing in Korea exceeded 2.5 million for the first time ever. As the ratio of foreigners to the total population approaches 5%, it is evaluated that Korea has actually entered a multicultural society. It is known that among the types of foreigners staying there are many young foreigners who visit Korea for the purpose of employment. The number of marriage immigrants was 16,025, an increase of 4.3% from the previous year. Of these, 82.6% were women. Entering a multicultural society in a situation where empathy for each other is insufficient can lead to social conflict. In particular, in the COVID-19 pandemic, hostility toward foreigners is more prevalent, and hatred for strangers is increasing. This study critically analyzes these social phenomena and seeks to raise the philosophical basis for multicultural education by establishing a concept with a new perspective on the other. This paper focuses on the philosophy of Buber and Levinas. By establishing 'I and You' as a meeting, Buber presented a new relationship with others. Meanwhile, Levinas emphasized human ethics and responsibility as the absolute and infinite being of the other. According to Buber, in the world there is a relationship between 'I-You' and 'I-It', and in order to live a true life, you must establish a relationship between 'I and you'. The relationship between 'I and it' is a temporary and mechanical relationship where objects can be replaced at any time by looking at the world from an instrumental point of view. However, the relationship between 'I and You' is a relationship that faces each other personally, and the only 'I' that cannot be changed with anything and the 'You' that cannot be replaced exist in deep trust. In phenomenology of otherness, Levinas intends to describe the encounter with the something outside the subject. The concepts of possession, distinctiveness and understanding are replaced by those of approaches, proximity, care and fecundity. In Korean society, a policy that seeks to use foreigners as human resources and, especially in the case of marriage immigrant women, as a solution to a society with low birthrates along with the labor force, shows how society treats others. Therefore, multicultural education must rethink the existence and dignity of human beings through the perspective of the other as asserted in the philosophy of Buber and Levinas.

Flutes, Sexuality, and Love Magic

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale A. Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Individual Recognition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Wild Female ◽  
The World ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Sexual Power

This chapter deals with one of the most common issues in world flutelore—love. Many of the flute tales found in the world have to do with sexuality and magical love powers used by men to attract and woo a woman. The chapter includes several stories and discusses the following topics: flute sound as magic for wooing the opposite sex; the irresistible magical charm of the flute from the point of view of charmed women; flute sound as individual recognition of and by the opposite sex; flutes for remembering the opposite sex; flutes that attract wild female nymphs; and the sexual power of flutes.

scholarly journals Is Urban Space Able to Affect Community Participation? a Research Proposal between Urban Sociology and Environmental Psychology

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Luca Bottini
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Environmental Psychology ◽  
Urban Sociology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Global Village ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

This paper will deal with the study of the relation between the urban spaces and social phenomena. Today the world is considered as a "global village", where the borders and differences between the places seem to lose their meaning; it would be interesting to ask whether the space is still crucial to understand social phenomena in contemporary societies. This opens the big question that we will try to give an answer: may the space be considered as a variable able to affect social behavior? In last decades sociologists have further increased the interest about this issue, coming to what has been defined “spatial sociology”. In social science we rarely find out researches which try to answer to the key question: how space affects inhabitants? How can we measure this relation? We can insight more and more this very fascinating issue looking at other disciplines. For instance, environmental psychology has developed a long tradition in the identification and measurement of the perception of space by people. This different point of view allow us to deepen the relation within spaces and people, measuring several aspect of the impact of space in individual’s life, such as place attachment, urban quality perceived, and so on. In this paper I will present my PhD’s research project, endorsing the environmental psychological as useful theoretical and methodological framework to study the space-people relation in urban sociology.

scholarly journals Hipokryzja i cynizm polityków — normalność czy patologia?

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 86-106
Author(s):  
Eugeniusz Młyniec
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Space ◽  
Negative Aspect ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Thin Line

Hypocrisy and cynicism of politicians — morals or pathology?The article refers to the phenomena of cynicism and hypocrisy existing in the political space, in particular paying attention to the perception of the phenomena by research and, first and foremost, by societies. Cynicism and, above all, hypocrisy are inextricably connected to politics. In the article, a special place is devoted to the conceptualization of normality related to the aforementioned cynicism and hypocrisy, which are also subjects of analysis. An issue was taken up of not only the pathological nature of the phenomena, but also positive sides were pointed out which allow for applying other than a negative evaluation of their mechanisms. These considerations are accompanied by examples related both to historic and modern times, being only an exemplification of the formulated theses, in particular, the thesis of a thin line between what we consider as a negative aspect and what we recognize as having positive aspects. Secondly, it looks at how the phenomena of cynicism and hypocrisy can be relativized depending on the so-called point of view. Thirdly, it is discussed how interesting psychological and social phenomena are attitudes and behaviours of individuals and large social groups, very often unaware of the importance of their activities. However, it needs to be admitted that sometimes we encounter individuals not only in politics who use these means deliberately. Most frequently, hypocrites and authors of cynical behaviours are exposed by their social environment.

scholarly journals THE “24 PRELUDES” FOR THE PIANO BY IVAN KARABYTS AS AN ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF THE UKRAINIAN RENAISSANCE OF THE 1970S

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (58) ◽  
pp. 65-95
Author(s):  
Oleh Kopeliuk
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Piano Cycle ◽  
Cycle 24

Background. The research is devoted to revealing the semantic analysis of the dramaturgy of one of the large-scale compositions in the creative work of IvanKarabyts – the cycle “24 Preludes” for the piano. The composition was written by Ivan Karabyts in 1976 and today it is of great interest to concert performers and fans of modern piano music. The attention of pianists to the cycle “24 Preludes” by I. Karabyts is attracted, firstly, by the distinctive, original musical language, secondly – by a wide range of performing capabilities and means of expression, and thirdly – by vivid images that inspire pianists to reproduce artistic ideas, hidden philosophical implications. The object of research is the cycle “24 preludes” for the piano as a musical encyclopaedia, reflecting the artistic era in the context of the Ukrainian renaissance of tthe 1970s, and the aim is to identify stylistic patterns by means of the semantic analysis of the dramaturgy of the cycle, finding the intersection in a kind of dialogue with a diverse, significant fund of the music of the 20th century. The methodology of research is focused on the relationship of special methods of analysis: functional-structural, intonation, genre, style, semantic and interpretative one. Results. Ivan Karabyts chooses for his cycle a model of tonal dramaturgy of the cycle “24 Preludes”, introduced by F. Chopin and later by D. Shostakovich, namely – the movement along the circle of fifths in the ratio of major-minor. From the point of view of musical semantics of the preludes of the cycle they can be divided into 5 thematic groups (contemplative and introspective lyrics; grotesque and dance; sound imitation and spatial-visual; stylistic allusions; and tragedy ones), varied in genre-stylistic sense (according to the criteria of modelling the awareness of the lyrical hero (I – the world around me.) The dramaturgy of the cycle is built through their correlation, while forming a certain plot, which begins with the image of the lyrical hero, and ends with a demonstration of the society which is ambiguous and problematic for a human. The composer chooses the prelude as a genre with a historical memory of culture, which allows performers and listeners to experience the range of psychological moments of the human spirit in the turbulent world of events of the last third of the 20th century. The composer is fascinated by this genre not by chance, because the prelude allows reflecting in miniature numerous states of “fixed” moments of existence, the inner balance of the artist and the world. Each prelude in the cycle is a kind of creative laboratory, a field of creative experiments. It reflected both already developed and new methods and principles of the composer’s thinking. While performing one prelude after another as a whole composition, one realizes that this genre expresses the freedom of creativity, the element of existence: it is a fantasy, and a story of the heart, and the revelation of the spirit, and at the same time – bright genre sketches. Conclusions. The analysis of the musical semantics of I. Karabyts’s piano cycle “24 Preludes” testified to the presence of 5 genre-stylistic groups in the cycle (according to the criterion of the dual world notion “psychology I – the world around”). Thus, the genre-semantic analysis of the piano cycle “24 Preludes” has shown that I. Karabyts does not lose touch with history and time, by paying tribute to the masters of the 18th–20th centuries, continuing to develop the type of tonal dramaturgy, laid down by J. S. Bach. In the cycle there is a special “counterpoint” of the “blues” stylistic. The dramaturgy of the cycle has a detailed plot, which begins with the image of the lyrical hero, and ends with a demonstration of the society ambiguous and problematic for a human (“I – World”). The dramaturgy of the romantic dual world turns into a harmony of the modern world with multiple images, echoes of time and inner drama. The genre semantics and its analysis allow the performer to comprehend the large-scale cycle as an artistic picture of the world, and its stylistic unity – as a spiritual universe which belongs to the Ukrainian art of the 21st century.

scholarly journals KUPRAVA CLAY DEPOSIT RESEARCH COMPARISON

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Valentīna Pužule ◽  
Gotfrids Noviks
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Clay Deposit ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Geological Research

Clay minerals and their structures are extensively studied in the world, both from the point of view of geological research and material science. The aim of the research is to identify and summarize the resources of the Kuprava clay deposit, their placement in the field and selective extraction possibilities. Total clay resources in the Kuprava area are significantly more than 16 million m³. The clays are located in several uneven layers with relatively different characteristics. Until now, clay has been studied in separate layers for the production of bricks and high quality lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA). The work is based on using and comparing the geological survey data of 1951 to 1992, the latest laboratory test data, as well as the technical documentation of the former Kuprava factory. The study also includes a review of two recent studies of the composition of Kuprava Member clay. New eco-innovative composite materials require clay with a fully defined composition and properties. Clay extraction must be selective - on separate layers, so that the use can be accurately determined by the research. Cartographic material has also been added to accurately locate each of the four fields studied.

scholarly journals The Attributive Features of the Hero as a Category of Musical Poetics in Pieces from the Children’s Musical Repertoire

ICONI ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 10-26
Author(s):  
Rimma M. Baikieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Practice ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Analytical Aspect ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Living Nature

The article offers means of defining the features of the hero as a structure of the musical text of pieces from the children’s repertoire. Since any kind of artistic text is created in accordance with unified semantics-bearing laws, the category of the musical hero is examined along with such categories of poetics as the author, the protagonist, the image, the dialogue, the scene, the subject matter, the idea, which, nonetheless, up to now have continued to be relegated to the sphere of metaphors. Nonetheless, the description of the features of the hero on the basis of intonational lexis of various types of etymology is seen as presenting its result. Demonstration of the indicated features incorporates a particular mechanism of semantic analysis, which makes it possible to elucidate the lexical structures manifesting the hero. Semantic analysis has shown that the category of the hero is presented in the musical text structurally; it may be described both as a biologically definite being and a socially concrete personality. Moreover, pieces from the children’s repertoire are endowed with the capacity of manifesting the personified hero who represents living nature. The attributing of the hero also sees the participation of the heading, which, nonetheless, does not always indicate the hero directly. However, the heading always (whether directly or indirectly) depicts the hero’s place of action and the world surrounding him.The hero receives his attribution most often in musical speech and in plastic models. Besides the “audible” and “visible” attributes, the hero in an artistic text is also actualized through the features of evaluative character: with their help the author, who is situated “off-screen,” endows the hero with the biological and characterological features of a human being. Study of musical content from the point of view of the categories of musical poetics may make the interaction of the analytical aspect with performance practice more effectual and productive. At the same time, the various approaches to the art of performance shall inevitably acquire new features which bring the performer’s activities in the questions of articulation and intonation closer with dramatic art.

scholarly journals The conceptualization of morality in modern english-language globalization discourse: evidence from the United Nations Speeches

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
D. N. Novikov ◽  
N. M. Britsyna
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
English Language ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Speech Transcripts

The increased interest of international cognitive linguists in the mechanisms of conceptualizing modern social phenomena has necessitated cognitive linguistic analysis of such phenomena as globalization, which is one of the most important trends setting the vector for modern society development.This study attempts not only to identify key concepts and means of their representation in terms of the globalization phenomenon, but also to build with the help of these concepts elements of the modern moral system inherent in the English-speaking community. To this end, a conceptual and cognitive-semantic analysis of contemporary English-language political discourse was carried out on the basis of speeches delivered by delegates to the United Nations.The investigation is premised on the theory of conceptual metaphor, emphasizing the need to understand the metaphorical foundations of human consciousness and communication. The study collected and analyzed empirical data that can be used to draw conclusions about the models of representation and assessment of reality by members of the English-speaking community, which in turn opens up prospects for further research in a linguistic pragmatic way and studying the specific features of English-speakers’ view of the world.As a result of lexicological and discourse-based analysis of speech transcripts, the paper uncovers several basic metaphorical models (Morality as 1. Commitment; 2. Nurturant Parent; 3. Resilience; 4. Fairy Tale of the Just War; 5. Progress), which outline globalization within the conceptual view of the world and which are underlined by such antitheses as “moral - immoral,” “success - loss,” “strength - weakness” etc.

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