scholarly journals Introduction of meadow species of the genus Thalictrum L. in the dendrological park “Druzhba” in Precarpathian region

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
V. Buniak ◽  
O. Kutsela ◽  
V. Gniezdilova ◽  
V. Andriiv ◽  
M. Gedzyk
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Thalictrum Minus ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Meadow Species ◽  
Collection Sites

The article presents a short issue on the distribution of Thalictrum L. in the flora o Precarpathian region. The introductional pecularities of Thalictrum flaum L., Thalictrum aquilegifolium L., Thalictrum minus L., та Thal- ictrum simplex L. on the collection sites of the dendrological park “Druzhba” are revealed. Examples of phenophases of ontogenesis of species in soil and climatic conditions of the dendropark, their adaptation to new growing conditions under the influence of cultivation and care of plants are given. It is shown how it affects the appearance of populations of all species, their height, features of growth of individuals, flowering, fruiting. A brief description of the medicinal properties of some species and their decorative value is given.

scholarly journals Characteristics of industrial cultivation and requirements to fresh cut flowers in the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
O. A. Shchuklina ◽  
I. N. Voronchikhina ◽  
A. D. Alenicheva ◽  
I. N. Klimenkova ◽  
V. V. Voronchikhin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Cut Flowers ◽  
Open Ground ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Fresh Cut ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Analytical Centers

Relevance. The specifics of the fresh cut flowers market in the Russian Federation is such, that 85-100% of the total volume of flowers sold is imported. The most popular flowers among Russian consumers are roses (up to 60% in the total share of fresh flowers), chrysanthemums and carnations, all of which require certain growing conditions. Recently, the market of local seasonal flowers has begun to develop, the main players in which are small farms or household plots. Material and methods. This article presents the data about market analysis of fresh cut flowers in Russia for the last five years (2015-2020). For this analysis were used the methods applied in economics. The main information database of this research includes data from official state statistics; open data from analytical centers; federal and regional regulations; data from the Federal agency for technical regulation and Metrology; reference materials of specialized data on research field; data from industry-specific portals; sites; articles and reviews written by producers of fresh cut flowers in Russia and worldwide. Results. Russia is one of the top six importers of fresh cut flowers in the world. The most popular flower among Russian consumers is a rose. There is not much suitable soil and climatic conditions in Russia for growing it on a commercial scale in the open ground. In 2018-2019 according to Rosstat data the number of flowers, grown for cutting in Russia, was estimated 263,3 billion pieces. However, now Russian flower producers are not able to meet domestic demand for fresh flowers, so there is no almost export.

scholarly journals Productivity of sorghum crops depending on agrotechnical methods of cultivation in the regions of the Russian Federation (review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-166
Author(s):  
O. P. Kibalnik ◽  
I. G. Efremova ◽  
Yu. V. Bochkareva ◽  
A. V. Prakhov ◽  
D. S. Semin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Area Unit ◽  
Growing Conditions

The review considers the unique diversity and versatility of the use of sorghum crops. The dependence of the yield of biomass and grain of varieties and hybrids of sorghum crops on the applied elements of the crop cultivation technology is analyzed: width of row spacing, density of standing plants in different zones of sorghum sowing in the Russian Federation. A variety of soil and climatic conditions of sorghum cultivation regions differ in the temperature regime, the reserves of soil moisture before sowing, the level of soil fertility, which determines the need to select the optimal elements of technology that ensure the achievement of the highest yield of varieties per unit area with the lowest material and technological costs. The analysis of the ways of placing plants on the own area also indicates the significant role of varietal biological features in increasing the sorghum yield, the purpose of sowing, and the level of field contamination. With limited resources of productive moisture for high-yielding sorghum varieties with a powerful habitus, wide-row sowing with row spacing of 70 cm and the density of standing plants 80-350 thousand per 1 ha, depending on the variety. Low-growing early-maturing thin-stemmed forms of grain sorghum should be sown in the usual ordinary row way with a row spacing of 15 or 30 cm with plant density of 500-600 thousand/ha. Sudan grass varieties that can withstand high density of standing plants (depending on agroclimatic conditions – up to 1.0-3.0 million per 1 ha) are cultivated using the technology of spiked cereals. As the result of the literature data analysis, the following trend has been revealed: the drier the growing conditions, the greater the requirements for choosing the optimal parameters of agrotechnical methods of cultivating sorghum crops aimed at the reducing the number of plants per area unit considering the specific character of the region of sorghum sowing.

scholarly journals Variability assessment of productivity traits and quality of berries in the genetic collection of garden strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.) in the Orenburg region

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012015
Author(s):  
E V Aminova ◽  
R R Salimova ◽  
O E Merezhko
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Berry Quality ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Productivity Potential

Abstract Nowadays the study of the interrelation of the genotype of strawberry plants in garden and climatic conditions is extremely relevant. Due to the various systems of genetic control and the modifying effects of growing conditions on the manifestation of quantitative traits, there is the need to assess the genotypic variability of economically valuable features, focused on the identification of genotypes characterized by stability and adaptive qualities in growing conditions. The study examined 15 varieties of garden strawberries of domestic and foreign selection. The field experiments and surveys were carried out according to the Program generally accepted in the Russian Federation and methodology for the variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops. We studied such features as the number of peduncles (pcs/bush), number of berries (pcs/bush), average weight of berries (g), total and marketable yield (g/bush), sugar content in berries, soluble solids and ascorbic acid. The purpose of this work was to assess the genotype-year interrelation in terms of the variability of productivity features and berry quality and to identify strawberry varieties with a stable genotype. As a result of two-way analysis of variance for the variety-year interrelation, the obtained values were 1.10-8.50 at standard Fst. - 1.24. Statistically important differences had indicators of productivity of a bush between the first and second clusters (t = 5.89 at p <0.01), the first and third (t = 15.83 at p <0.01), the second and third clusters (t = 8.13 at p <0.01), as well as the average berry weight between the first and third, second and third clusters (t = 15.50 and 6.99 at p <0.01, respectively). Significant differences in the value of the Euclidean distance were revealed for varieties Mishutka (54.5), Daryonka (54.5), Pervoklassnitsa (58) realizing their productivity potential in different years of cultivation.

scholarly journals Features of vitality structure of planting of Ginkgo biloba L. plants in the Ukrainian North-East

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
I.M. Kovalenko ◽  
H.O. Klymenko ◽  
R.A. Yaroschuk ◽  
Yahui Su
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
North East ◽  
High Viability ◽  
Plant Experiment ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Growing Conditions

Today, there are about 12,000 plants in the world that have healing properties and are used in both traditional and folk medicine. One of these plants is Ginkgo biloba L. In recent years, interest in its cultivation has increased in Ukraine, and improving the technology of growing this plant in the Ukrainian North-East is a relevant problem. Studies of G. biloba plants growing in the experimental area of Sumy NAU were conducted. On the basis of morphometric analysis, a number of morphoparameters were measured (plant height, annual growth of shoots, number of leaves, leaf size and leaf area, phytomass of the shoots, phytomass of leaves and phytomass of the stem, diameter of the shoots). The vital analysis, as well as the variance, correlation and regression analyses were carried out. G. biloba seedlings up to 3–4 years of life with different growing technology have a height of 25–30 cm and form 13–17 leaves per plant. The totality of morphometric characteristics in all variants of the G. biloba plant experiment corresponded to an equilibrium population of equilibrium type, in which in close proportions individuals of all three vitality types are present: a, b, and c. But at the same time a higher proportion (40 %) of individuals of class "a" was in the variant with the cultivation of G. biloba in greenhouse. The smallest part of individuals of high viability (only 20 %) was formed by cultivation of G. biloba in open soil without protection of the agro-grid. The ecological-coenotic stability of G. biloba has been noted many times, a certain limitation of G. biloba cultivation may be that this plant is light loving and thermophilic, but the climatic conditions of the Ukrainian North-East are favorable for it. Complex studies have shown the prospects and feasibility of growing G. biloba in the conditions of t the Ukrainian North-East as medicinal raw materials. Despite the stressful growing conditions for G. biloba, this species is characterized by high stability and adaptability, which is confirmed by our comparative morphometric and vital analysis of plants. Given that the age of the seedlings is negligible, further studies to determine the adaptability of G. biloba plants to growing conditions are not only desirable but also necessary.

scholarly journals Stress-resilient maize for climate-vulnerable ecologies in the Asian tropics

2020 ◽  
pp. 1264-1274
Author(s):  
P.H. Zaidi ◽  
Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Dang N. Ha ◽  
Suriphat Thaitad ◽  
Salahuddin Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Variable Weather

Most parts of the Asian tropics are hotspots of climate change effects and associated weather variabilities. One of the major challenges with climate change is the uncertainty and inter-annual variability in weather conditions as crops are frequently exposed to different weather extremes within the same season. Therefore, agricultural research must strive to develop new crop varieties with inbuilt resilience towards variable weather conditions rather than merely tolerance to individual stresses in a specific situation and/or at a specific crop stage. C4 crops are known for their wider adaptation to range of climatic conditions. However, recent climatic trends and associated variabilities seem to be challenging the threshold limit of wider adaptability of even C4 crops like maize. In collaboration with national programs and private sector partners in the region, CIMMYT-Asia maize program initiated research for development (R4D) projects largely focusing on saving achievable yields across range of variable environments by incorporating reasonable levels of tolerance/resistance to major abiotic and biotic stresses without compromising on grain yields under optimal growing conditions. By integrating novel breeding tools like - genomics, double haploid (DH) technology, precision phenotyping and reducing genotype × environment interaction effects, a new generation of maize germplasm with multiple stress tolerance that can grow well across variable weather conditions were developed. The new maize germplasm were targeted for stress-prone environments where maize is invariability exposed to a range of sub-optimal growing conditions, such as drought, heat, waterlogging and various virulent diseases. The overarching goal of the stress-resilient maize program has been to achieve yield potential with a downside risk reduction.

scholarly journals Prospects of practical use of new potatoes state varietal resources in the north-east Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.S. Kozhushko ◽  
M.M. Sakhoshko ◽  
M.G. Bashtovyi ◽  
D.V. Smilyk ◽  
V.I. Avramenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Starch Content ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Growing Conditions

According to statistic evaluation of the manifestation of signs of the economic suitability of state sort resources of 2019 registration potatoes when growing it in different agro-climatic conditions, a significant advantage of influence of the forest-steppe conditions was determined. Compared to Polesia the increase of yield rose for 4.1 t/ha or 18 % (НІР05 = 2.18, Ffact= 12.65 > F05 = 4.22) and the amount of trade potato for 22.72 ha or 20 % (Ffact = 58.87). There is also a tendency to increase the number of starch from unit of area for – 17 % and the total consumer properties for – 8 %.  However, there is a significant difference in the reduction of storability of products by 45 % and the lack of it’s resistance to macrosporiosis and late blight. It was proved that the yield of varieties for cultivation in the polesia zone by 25.7 % depended on the duration of the growing season (Ffact = 4.14 > F05  = 0.06). The relationship between yield and starch of potatoes in Polesia zone varieties  was determined – 23.6 % and in forest-steppe – 17.3 % and starch collection, respectively, 33.6 % and 28.0 %. The dependence of storability of potato which grew in the polesia zone and in forest-steppe from the amount of starch for 15 % was mathematically proved (Ffact = 2.11 > F05 = 0.17) і 11.3 % (Ffact = 1.52 > F05 = 0.24); the dependence of storability on the duration of the growing season in the Forest-Steppe conditions was confirmed(Ffact = 0.66 > F05  = 0.43). In addition, the 12 % of tasting grade of the Forest-Steppe varieties depended on the starch content amount (Ffact = 1.65 > F05 = 0.22). According to the results of the regression analysis, mathematical models have been developed to predict yields, culinary and consumer properties, and the storability of new potato varieties under different growing conditions. The project of a conveyor for the consumption of fresh product in summer  period with the involvement of varieties of early ripeness in the Forest-Steppe was presented: 80 days after planting – Sanibel, 90 days after planting – Medison, Paroli, 95 days after planting – Bazalia, Bernina, 100 days after planting – Donata, in the Polesia zone ‒ 80 days after planting – Sanibel, 90 days after planting – Paroli, 95 days after planting –Bazalia, 100 days after planting – Medison, Bernina, Donata. By distribution of varieties by predicted high content of phytonutrients there were bred varieties with red skin and creamy flesh – Bazalia and Sanibel, by high content with yellow flesh – Baltic Rosa and moderate content with white flesh – Oleksandrit, Fotynia, Ricarda. Introduction of new varieties with certain high adaptive potential of storability and content of bioactive compounds in potatoes will provide growth of potato production in the conditions of the northeast forest-steppe and increase its competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets and will solve the problem of year-round consumption of fresh quality products.

BIOLOGICAL AND ECOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE GROWTH OF THE HYDRANGEA L. GENUS REPRESENTATIVES IN THE PARK ZONES IN THE MIDDLE CIS-URALS CITIES

1970 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
N. M. Kuz'mina ◽  
А. V. Fedorov
Keyword(s):  
Green Building ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Plant Introduction ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
The Middle Urals ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Ornamental Trees ◽  
Ornamental Shrubs

Representatives of the genus Hortensia (Hydrangea L.) are ornamental shrubs that are highly valued in landscape construction. Today, it is important to create new and reconstruction of existing recreational areas for the recreation of the population. This leads to an increase in the demand for ornamental trees and shrubs as a material for green building. In the Middle Urals, the species of Hydrangea are still rarely used due to the poor knowledge of the bioecological characteristics of various species and varieties under the given growing conditions. The paper gives a characteristic of varying degrees of adaptability to unfavorable abiotic and biotic environmental factors of 14 species and varieties of Hydrangea (Hydrangea) from the collection of the Department of Plant Introduction and Acclimatization, which was planted on the territory of the UdmFIC UB RAS in Izhevsk in 2017. For decorative features, a technique developed by the staff of the Botanical Garden of Ufa was used. Methodological developments on decorativeness of various cultures are taken as a basis. The characteristics of meteorological conditions during the years of research (2019-2020) are given. According to the research results, 7 representatives of the Hydrangea genus were noted as the most promising candidates for green construction in the cities of the Middle Urals. Hydrangea paniculata (H. Paniculata): ‘Lime Light’. ‘Pinkie Winky’, Weems Red ’, Vanilla Fries’. Hydrangea serrata (H. Serrata) 'Bluebird', Hydrangea petiolar (H. petiolaris) and hydrangea tree (H. arborescens). According to the results of two years of observation (2019-2020), these taxa had a decorativeness rating of 50 to 73 points and were assigned to the II group of decorativeness, winter hardiness (5 points). It was noted that unfavorable climatic conditions (moisture deficit, cool May and June 2020) reduced the average decorative score of the entire collection of representatives of the genus Hydrangea by 10 points. This was mainly due to the quality of the flowering.

scholarly journals The elemental composition of garlic (Allium sativum L.) and its variability

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 01016
Author(s):  
Alexey Polyakov ◽  
Tatyana Alekseeva ◽  
Irina Muravieva
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Manganese Aluminum ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Dry Substance

Garlic is a valuable source of macroand microelements, especially potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, ferrum, manganese, selenium, vanadium, copper and zinc. In the dry substance of garlic there is about 4000 mg/kg of potassium (48,1% from mass of all elements contained in cloves), about 1500 mg/kg of phosphorus (18,3%), about 1400 mg/kg of sulphur (17,2%), almost 900 mgs/of kg of calcium (10,7%), about 300 mg/kg of magnesium (3,6%), about 100 mg/of kg of natrium (1,3%), 20 mg/kg (0,24%) of silicon, 16 mg/kg (0,20%) of ferrum, 14 mg/kg (0,17%) of zinc. The content of manganese, aluminum, copper and boron was in the range of 1.8 mg/kg (0.02%) - 6.9 mg/kg (0.084%); chromium, nickel, selenium, cadmium, cobalt, iodine, lithium, vanadium, germanium, lead from 0.22 mg/kg (0.003%) to 0.013 mg/kg (0.0002%; mercury - 0.0043 mg/kg ( 0.00005%). The cultivation of garlic in different climatic conditions leads to a significant change in the content of various elements. In this case, the content of vanadium, boron and cobalt can vary by 20 times, and the content of ferrum and germanium - more than 1000 times. The variability of the elemental composition of garlic depending on cultivar is much less than on the growing conditions. In general, the elemental composition, depending on cultivar, varies 1.1–4.7 times, and depending on the growing conditions, 2.1–57.4 times. Differences in changes in ferrum content depending on cultivar are 1.5 times, and depending on growing conditions - 57.4 times, respectively, copper 1.4 times and 54.0 times, sodium - 1.1 times and 26.8 times. Garlic is characterized by a unique elemental complex. According to indicators of sulfur, zinc, manganese and copper, it is approaching or corresponds to indicators of meat and fish. In this regard, it is necessary to use garlic more widely in the diet of vegetarians and diets that provide for limiting the consumption of meat and fish. It is necessary to develop technologies, methods, recipes that increase the consumption of garlic.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the production process of potato in a changing climate in the Eastern and Western forest-steppe

2017 ◽  
pp. 120-127
Author(s):  
S.M. Svyderska
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Perennial Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Photosynthetic Productivity ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
The Impact

An important element of climate change is to assess changes in agro-climatic growing conditions of crops and the impact of these changes on their performance. Agriculture is the most vulnerable sector of  Ukraine's economy to fluctuations and climate change. Given the inertial nature of agriculture and the dependence of the efficiency on the weather, now need to make timely and adequate solutions to complex problems caused by climate change. Due to the expected increase in air temperature of the Northern Hemisphere food security Ukraine will largely depend on how effectively adapting agriculture to future climate change. This includes advance assessment of the impact of the expected climate change on agro-climatic conditions for growing crops. Potatoes - perennial, herbaceous, plant, but in nature is treated as an annual plant, so that the life cycle, beginning with germination and ending with the formation of bubbles and the formation of mature tubers, is one growing season. Potato is one of the most important crops grown and diversified use in almost all parts of our country. But the main focus areas of potatoes in Polesie and Forest-steppe. We consider the relative performance of the photosynthetic productivity of potato and agro-climatic conditions for growing potatoes for the period 1986 to 2005, and expected their changes calculated by the climate change scenarios A1B and A2 for the period 2011 to 2050 in Eastern and Western Forest-Steppe. We consider the agrometeorological and agro-climatic conditions in which there may be a maximum performance of potato.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Ring Road on the growth of pine stands in Zhernovsky district forestry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
В.В. Полякова ◽  
С.Г. Шурыгин
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ring Road ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Surrounding Areas

В связи с увеличением территорий крупных городов все больше изымается площадей биогеоценозов под строительство линейных объектов (городская инфраструктура). Это ведет к увеличению нагрузки на биогеоценозы прилегающих к объектам территорий. Одним из наиболее значимых линейных объектов Санкт-Петербурга является кольцевая автодорога (далее – КАД). Строительство и функционирование КАД приводит к нарушению связей между компонентами биогеоценозов и к изменению самих биогеоценозов. В настоящей работе изучалось влияние кольцевой автодороги вокруг Санкт- Петербурга на компонент биогеоценоза – сосновый древостой. В качестве количественного показателя роста соснового древостоя были выбраны радиальные приросты, так как их параметры отражают качество условий произрастания. При анализе радиальных приростов сосновых древостоев, помимо положения от КАД, были учтены климатические условия. Корреляционный анализ подтвердил значимую достоверную связь между радиальными приростами древостоев участка 3 и средней температурой за вегетационный период на 25%. Также корреляционный анализ подтвердил значимую достоверную связь между радиальными приростами древостоев участка 6 и суммарным количеством осадков за вегетационный период на 30%. Дисперсионный анализ показал, что влияние КАД на приросты сосновых древостоев на подтопленных опытных участках 5 и 6 достоверно и составляет 38 и 30% соответственно от всех внешних факторов, влияющих на рост древостоев. Таким образом, полученные результаты подтверждают достоверное влияние КАД, построенное с технологическими нарушениями, так как насыпь КАД на рассматриваемых участках послужила дамбой, подпирающий поток почвенно-грунтовых вод, на рост сосновых древостоев. Наиболее изменчивы приросты древостоев на подтопляемых участках с нарушенным водно-воздушным режимом. The territory of large cities is increasing, larger areas of biogeocenoses are used for the construction of linear objects (urban infrastructure). This leads to an increase of the load on the ecosystems of surrounding areas. The most significant linear object of the city of St. Petersburg is the Ring Road. The construction and operation of the Ring Road leads to the disruption of the links between the components of biogeocenoses and to changes in biogeocenoses themselves. In this paper the influence of the Ring Road of St. Petersburg on the component of biogeocenosis – pine stands was studied. The quantitative indicator of pine stands growth is radial increment. Parameters of radial increment reflect the quality of growing conditions. The influence of position of the Ring Road and climatic conditions on the radial increments of pine stands was taken into account. The correlation analysis revealed a significant reliable relationship between the radial increments of the pine stands of site 3 and the average temperature over the vegetation period by 25%. Also, the correlation analysis revealed a significant reliable relationship between the radial increments of the stands of site 6 and the total amount of precipitation temperature over the vegetation period by 30%. Single-factor analysis of variance showed that the influence of the Ring Road on the growth of pine stands of underflooded sites 5 and 6 is reliable and is 38 and 30%, respectively, of all external factors affecting the growth of stands. The Ring Road was built with the construction technology infringement. The road embankment works as a dam on the way of soil water and groundwater. The obtained results confirm the reliable influence of the Ring Road on the growth of pine stands. The most significant deviation of the increments of stands was on underflooded sites with disturbed water and air conditions.

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