Effect of ozone treatment on the physical, microbiological and sensorial properties of Spanish-style table olives

Ozone has been widely used in the food industry as an effective antimicrobial agent. In this study the possibilities of using ozone in table olive preservation was investigated for the first time. For this purpose, the Domat variety of table olives was processed according to the Spanish style and treated with aqueous ozone for 5, 10, and 20 minutes at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 ppm. The effects of ozonation on the microbiological, physical and sensory characteristics of the table olives were evaluated during the storage period (up to 180 days). The pH, color and firmness of the ozone treated table olives showed higher stability. Statistically significant reductions in the total bacteria and yeast/mould counts were obtained (p < 0.05). Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli were not found in the samples. After 60 days of storage the control samples (ozone untreated olives) obtained low values for sensory analysis, and did not meet market requirements. The results indicate that treating green table olive with ozon (1 ppm concentration) for 10 min in aqueous form reduces the microbial population without any negative effects on the firmness, color (L*, a* b*) or sensory attributes of the table olives.

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In Vitro Bioaccessibility of Ripe Table Olive Mineral Nutrients

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9030275 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 275

Author(s):

Antonio López-López ◽

José María Moreno-Baquero ◽

Antonio Garrido-Fernández

Keyword(s):

Daily Intake ◽

Mineral Nutrients ◽

Table Olives ◽

Standard Application ◽

In Vitro Bioaccessibility ◽

Table Olive ◽

New Research ◽

First Time ◽

Digestion Methods

For the first time, the bioaccessibility of the mineral nutrients in ripe table olives and their contributions to the recommended daily intake (RDI), according to digestion methods (Miller’s vs. Crews’ protocols), digestion type (standard vs. modified, standard plus a post-digest re-extraction), and mineralisation system (wet vs. ashing) were studied. Overall, when the standard application was used, Miller’s protocol resulted in higher bioaccessibilities of Na, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe than the Crews’ method. The modified protocols improved most of these values, but the Crews’ results only approximated the Miller’s levels in the case of Na and K. The bioaccessibility of P was hardly affected by the factors studied, except that the modified Miller’s protocol led to higher levels when ashing. No significant effect of the mineralisation system was found. The modified Miller’s protocol, regardless of the mineralisation system, led to the overall highest bioaccessibility values in ripe olives, which were: Na (96%), K (95%), Ca (20%), Mg (73%), Fe (45%), and P (60%). Their potential contributions to the RDI, based on these bioaccessibilities and 100 g olive flesh service size, were then 29, 0.5, 4, 3, 33, and 1% respectively. The investigation has led to the development of a method for assessing the bioaccessibility of the mineral nutrients not only in ripe but also in the remaining table olive presentations and opens a new research line of great interest for producing healthier products.

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The Effects of Corporate Ownership on Public Accountants' Professionalism and Ethics

Accounting Horizons ◽

10.2308/acch.2002.16.2.109 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 109-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

William E. Shafer ◽

D. Jordan Lowe ◽

Timothy J. Fogarty

Keyword(s):

Current Trend ◽

Auditor Independence ◽

Corporate Ownership ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Public Accounting ◽

Corporate Acquisitions ◽

Accounting Professionals ◽

Research Questions ◽

And Control ◽

First Time

The current trend toward corporate acquisitions of CPA firms poses potential threats to the autonomy and ethical standards of public accounting professionals. This recent consolidation movement suggests that for the first time a significant number of public accounting professionals are subject to the supervision and control of nonprofessionals. In addition to acknowledging the potential threats to auditor independence and objectivity, this paper suggests that these new organizational arrangements for the provision of public accounting services have other negative effects on professionalism and ethics such as desensitizing CPAs to traditional professional values, and subverting professional institutions to the goals of corporate employers. This paper develops a framework that identifies several specific research questions related to the effects of corporate ownership on professionalism and ethics in public accounting.

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Antimicrobial and Immunomodulating Activities of Two Endemic Nepeta Species and Their Major Iridoids Isolated from Natural Sources

Pharmaceuticals ◽

10.3390/ph14050414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 414

Author(s):

Neda Aničić ◽

Uroš Gašić ◽

Feng Lu ◽

Ana Ćirić ◽

Marija Ivanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biofilm Formation ◽

Food Industry ◽

Balkan Peninsula ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Natural Sources ◽

E Coli ◽

Food Borne ◽

Metabolite Profiles ◽

Aspergillus Sp ◽

First Time

Two Balkan Peninsula endemics, Nepeta rtanjensis and N. argolica subsp. argolica, both characterized by specialized metabolite profiles predominated by iridoids and phenolics, are differentiated according to the stereochemistry of major iridoid aglycone nepetalactone (NL). For the first time, the present study provides a comparative analysis of antimicrobial and immunomodulating activities of the two Nepeta species and their major iridoids isolated from natural sources—cis,trans-NL, trans,cis-NL, and 1,5,9-epideoxyloganic acid (1,5,9-eDLA), as well as of phenolic acid rosmarinic acid (RA). Methanol extracts and pure iridoids displayed excellent antimicrobial activity against eight strains of bacteria and seven strains of fungi. They were especially potent against food-borne pathogens such as L. monocytogenes, E. coli, S. aureus, Penicillium sp., and Aspergillus sp. Targeted iridoids were efficient agents in preventing biofilm formation of resistant P. aeruginosa strain, and they displayed additive antimicrobial interaction. Iridoids are, to a great extent, responsible for the prominent antimicrobial activities of the two Nepeta species, although are probably minor contributors to the moderate immunomodulatory effects. The analyzed iridoids and RA, individually or in mixtures, have the potential to be used in the pharmaceutical industry as potent antimicrobials, and in the food industry to increase the shelf life and safety of food products.

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Amelioration of Smoke Taint in Cabernet Sauvignon Wine via Post-Harvest Ozonation of Grapes

Beverages ◽

10.3390/beverages7030044 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 44

Author(s):

Margherita Modesti ◽

Colleen Szeto ◽

Renata Ristic ◽

WenWen Jiang ◽

Julie Culbert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sensory Attributes ◽

Sensory Properties ◽

Ozone Treatment ◽

Cabernet Sauvignon ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Volatile Phenols ◽

Post Harvest ◽

Perceived Intensity ◽

Wine Composition ◽

Marker Compounds

Strategies that mitigate the negative effects of vineyard exposure to smoke on wine composition and sensory properties are needed to address the recurring incidence of bushfires in or near wine regions. Recent research demonstrated the potential for post-harvest ozonation of moderately smoke-exposed grapes to reduce both the concentration of smoke taint marker compounds (i.e., volatile phenols and their glycosides) and the perceived intensity of smoke taint in wine, depending on the dose and duration of ozone treatment. The current study further evaluated the efficacy of ozonation as a method for the amelioration of smoke taint in wine by comparing the chemical and sensory consequences of post-harvest ozonation (at 1 ppm for 24 h) of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes following grapevine exposure to dense smoke, i.e., ozone treatment of more heavily tainted grapes. Ozonation again yielded significant reductions in the concentration of free and glycosylated volatile phenols—up to 25% and 30%, respectively. However, although the intensities of smoke-related sensory attributes were generally lower in wines made with smoke-exposed grapes that were ozonated (compared to wines made with smoke-exposed grapes that were not ozonated), the results were not statistically significant. This suggests that the efficacy of ozone treatment depends on the extent to which grapes have been tainted by smoke.

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Cooperatives: an alternative to water privatization in Greece

Social Enterprise Journal ◽

10.1108/sej-10-2013-0039 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 135-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ifigeneia Douvitsa ◽

Demosthenis Kassavetis

Keyword(s):

Design Methodology ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Water Privatization ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Content Type ◽

Negative Results ◽

Viable Solution ◽

Water Provision ◽

First Time ◽

Practical Implications

Purpose – The aim of this article is to investigate the organization of water cooperatives in Greece for the first time, as promoted by a spontaneous social mobilization called Initiative 136. The above attempt appears as an alternative proposition as opposed to the state-driven full privatization of EYATH S.A. Design/methodology/approach – This article presents previous work on water cooperatives and the negative effects of water privatization worldwide, relating it to water privatization in Greek reality through the prism of the current recession. Findings – While full privatization under the pressure of the economic crisis is very likely to yield significantly negative results, a transformation into a water cooperative might provide a viable solution. Research limitations/implications – Water cooperatives provide a solution for water distribution that is friendly for the consumer, the society and the environment. Practical implications – Application of a cooperative method of water provision in Greece could be a springboard for the use of the model in other areas. Originality/value – The article evaluates the privatization and cooperativization attempt of EYATH S.A. based on previous related research and considering Greece ' s current conditions.

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The Influence of Bisphenol A (BPA) on Neuregulin 1-Like Immunoreactive Nerve Fibers in the Wall of Porcine Uterus

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms19102962 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (10) ◽

pp. 2962 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Liliana Rytel

Keyword(s):

Bisphenol A ◽

Nerve Fibers ◽

Double Immunofluorescence ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Protective Mechanisms ◽

Neuregulin 1 ◽

Small Doses ◽

The Impact ◽

First Time

Bisphenol A (BPA), a substance commonly used in the manufacture of plastics, shows multidirectional negative effects on humans and animals. Due to similarities to estrogens, BPA initially leads to disorders in the reproductive system. On the other hand, it is known that neuregulin 1 (NRG-1) is an active substance which enhances the survivability of cells, inhibits apoptosis, and protects tissues against damaging factors. Because the influence of BPA on the nervous system has also been described, the aim of the present study was to investigate for the first time the influence of various doses of BPA on neuregulin 1-like immunoreactive (NRG-1-LI) nerves located in the porcine uterus using the routine single- and double-immunofluorescence technique. The obtained results have shown that BPA increases the number and affects the neurochemical characterization of NRG-1-LI in the uterus, and changes are visible even under the impact of small doses of this toxin. The character of observed changes depended on the dose of BPA and the part of the uterus studied. These observations suggest that NRG-1 in nerves supplying the uterus may play roles in adaptive and protective mechanisms under the impact of BPA.

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First report on cyanobacterial flora from Masirah Island, Sultanate of Oman

Algologia ◽

10.15407/alg30.04.440 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 440-451

Author(s):

M. Shamina ◽

Keyword(s):

Environmental Conditions ◽

Food Industry ◽

Vital Role ◽

Taxonomic Composition ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Taxonomic Classification ◽

Biofuel Production ◽

Sultanate Of Oman ◽

First Report ◽

First Time

Cyanobacteria are organisms which play a vital role in various molecular and biotechnological aspects in food industry, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, neutraceuticals, biofuel production, etc., it is necessary to understand its adaptability to various environmental conditions. Furthermore it is equally important to discover new cyanobacterial taxa and with it occasional changes in taxonomic classification, thus the author set out to study cyanobacteria in extreme climatic conditions of desert, where temperatures are mostly above 45 oC. The taxonomic composition of cyanobacteria of Masirah Island, Sultanate of Oman, was studied for the first time. The studied samples were collected during the period of 2017–2019. The ten samples belonged to two orders: Oscillatoriales Schaffner and Synechococcales L.Hoffmann, Komárek & J.Kastovsky. All of them were filamentous non-heterocyst forms. Three species belonged to the genus Leptolyngbya Anagn. & Komárek, the genera Oscillatoria Vaucher ex Gomont and Lyngbya C.Agardh ex Gomont were represented by two species each, while the genera Pseudanabena Lauterborn, Planktolyngbya Anagn. & Komárek and Geitlerinema (Anagn. & Komárek) Anagn. were one species.

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Shelf-life of traditionally-seasoned Aloreña de Málaga table olives based on package appearance and fruit characteristics

Grasas y Aceites ◽

10.3989/gya.0708182 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 306 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

V. Romero-Gil ◽

F. Rodríguez-Gómez ◽

M. Á. Ruiz-Bellido ◽

A. Benítez Cabello ◽

A. Garrido-Fernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Shelf Life ◽

Storage Time ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Point Of View ◽

Table Olives ◽

Fruit Characteristics ◽

Willingness To Buy ◽

Color Fading ◽

Table Olive

Few studies have been carried out to determine the shelf-life of the Aloreña de Málaga table olive packaging from a physicochemical, microbiological and sensorial point of view. This study showed that under the current packaging conditions, commercial products were free from Enterobacteriaceae, the initial yeast population was progressively inhibited, and only lactic acid bacteria grew during shelf-life. Among the physicochemical characteristics, pH decreased, lactic acid was formed while citric acid and mannitol were consumed. These changes resulted in gradual olive texture degradation and green color fading during packaging. A multivariate analysis showed that the packaged olives with storage time between 6 and 42 days enjoyed the highest acceptance; while after the 74th day, they were progressively losing acceptability, which was mainly evident at the 131st day of packaging (willingness-to-buy attribute was reduced to 50%). A complete microbiological stabilization would require the use of alternative preservatives since thermal treatment is not convenient for this type of olive speciality.

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Draft Genome Sequences of SixLactobacillus pentosusStrains Isolated from Brines of Traditionally Fermented Spanish-Style Green Table Olives

Genome Announcements ◽

10.1128/genomea.00379-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (18) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Beatriz Calero-Delgado ◽

Antonio M. Martín-Platero ◽

Antonio J. Pérez-Pulido ◽

Antonio Benítez-Cabello ◽

Carlos S. Casimiro-Soriguer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Draft Genome ◽

Probiotic Properties ◽

Table Olives ◽

Genome Sequences ◽

Content Type ◽

Lactobacillus Pentosus ◽

Table Olive

ABSTRACTHere, we report the genome sequences of sixLactobacillus pentosusstrains isolated from traditional noninoculated Spanish-style green table olive brines. The total genome sizes varied between 3.77 and 4.039 Mbp. These genome sequences will assist in revealing the genes responsible for both technological and probiotic properties of these strains.

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Enantioselective Transesterification of Allyl Alcohols with (E)-4-Arylbut-3-en-2-ol Motif by Immobilized Lecitase™ Ultra

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal10070798 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 798

Author(s):

Aleksandra Leśniarek ◽

Anna Chojnacka ◽

Radosław Drozd ◽

Magdalena Szymańska ◽

Witold Gładkowski

Keyword(s):

High Activity ◽

Cyanogen Bromide ◽

Kinetic Resolution ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Subsequent Reaction ◽

Wide Range ◽

Allyl Alcohols ◽

Reaction Cycles ◽

Acyl Donors ◽

First Time

Lecitase™ Ultra was immobilized on four different supports and tested for the first time as the biocatalyst in the kinetic resolution of racemic allyl alcohols with the (E)-4-arylbut-3-en-2-ol system in the process of transesterification. The most effective biocatalyst turned out to be the enzyme immobilized on agarose activated with cyanogen bromide (LU-CNBr). The best results (E > 200, ees and eep = 95–99%) were obtained for (E)-4-phenylbut-3-en-2-ol and its analog with a 2,5-dimethylphenyl ring whereas the lowest ee of kinetic resolution products (90%) was achieved for the substrate with a 4-methoxyphenyl substituent. For all substrates, (R)-enantiomers were esterified faster than their (S)-antipodes. The results showed that LU-CNBr is a versatile biocatalyst, showing high activity and enantioselectivity in a wide range of organic solvents in the presence of commonly used acyl donors. High operational stability of LU-CNBr allows it to be reused in three subsequent reaction cycles without negative effects on the efficiency and enantioselectivity of transesterification. This biocatalyst can become attractive to the commercial lipases in the process of the kinetic resolution of allyl alcohols.

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